Patent Grant
11725914
The present invention relates to the field of archery. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a broadhead hunting arrow in which the cutting blades are deployed from the rear position of the broadhead upon impact with the target. The deployment is affected by a piston or plunger mechanism which is disposed within the body of the broadhead. The blades of the broadhead are retracted toward the body of the broadhead and may be retained in recesses within the body of the broadhead during the flight of the arrow. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
The bow and arrow is a projectile weapon system that predates written history. The bow is a flexible arc which shoots aerodynamic projectiles called arrows. Generally, the two ends of the bow are joined together with a string such that when the string is drawn back, the ends of the bow are flexed. An arrow is placed upon the string and the string is drawn back. When the string is released, the potential energy of the flexed stick is transformed into the velocity of the arrow. Bows and arrows have historically been important weapons, but are used primarily for hunting and the sport of archery today.
An arrow generally consists of a shaft with an arrowhead attached to the front end, with fletchings and a nock at the other. Modern arrows may be made of any suitable material, including but not limited to carbon fiber, aluminum, fiberglass, and wood shafts. Carbon shafts have the advantage that they do not bend or warp, but they can often be too light weight to shoot from some bows and are expensive. Aluminum shafts are less expensive than carbon shafts, but they can bend and warp from use. Wood shafts are the least expensive option but often will not be identical in weight and size to each other and break more often than the other types of shafts.
The end of the arrow that impacts the target is the arrowhead. Historically, arrowheads have been made from various materials including flint, bone, horn, or metal. Most modern arrowheads are made of steel, but wood and other traditional materials are still used occasionally. Typically, the arrowhead is provided or manufactured separately from the arrow shaft and is attached to the arrow. For example, the arrowhead can be attached by tangs or sockets. Among arrowheads, three common types include bodkins, broadheads, and piles. Bodkin heads are simple spikes made of metal of various shapes. A broadhead arrowhead is usually triangular or leaf-shaped and has a sharpened edge or edges. Broadheads are commonly used for hunting. A pile arrowhead is a simple metal cone, either sharpened to a point or somewhat blunt, that is used mainly for target shooting.
As noted above, a broadhead is a particular type of arrow head which has outwardly extending blades that are designed to inflict more extensive damage to the animal. An objective for any broadhead is to have the animal killed as quickly as possible such that the animal will not suffer for a long period of time and so that the animal will be recoverable by the hunter. Typically, modern hunting arrows comprise a fiberglass or graphite shaft on which the broadhead body is threadably mounted.
There is a need for an improved broadhead. The flight of prior art broadheads in which the blades are secured on the arrow in a fully open position was adversely affected by wind resistance acting against the exposed broadhead blades. Accordingly, broadheads with fixed blades tend to be less accurate because of wind current deflection and tend to have less velocity because of increased drag. Modern design efforts for broadheads have focused on decreasing the wind effects to ensure a more accurate and effective broadhead. These efforts typically involve reducing the surface area of a broadhead blade to reduce the undesirable steering effects of the wind. However, by reducing the surface area of a blade, the cutting area within a target or game is also reduced, resulting in a less effective entrance and exit wound.
Conventional blade-opening arrowheads have been designed so that a substantial portion of the blade is hidden within the body of the arrowhead, such as during flight of the arrow. Upon impact, such blades are designed to open and thereby expose a cutting surface or sharp edge of the blade. When the blades of such conventional arrowheads are closed and substantially hidden within the body, the exposed, surface area is reduced and thus produces relatively less undesirable steering effects. Unfortunately, these blade-opening arrowheads are often complex mechanically and include a significant force holding the blades close. This significant force can be difficult to overcome, and these devices may fail to open reliably. Others have structural defects within the body that can result in premature opening of the blade. In either case, the arrow does not penetrate the target. Examples include U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,112,063, 4,998,738 and 5,082,292. In these examples, the deployable cutting blades are connected by pivot features to a plunger. The cutting blades pivot between an open cutting position and a closed non-barbed position. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,102,147, a ballistic broadhead assembly has blades pivotally mounted on an actuating plunger. Upon impact, the actuating plunger thrusts the blades outwardly and forwardly.
Other broadheads which have blades partially hidden within the body use annular retaining rings, such as O-rings, wraps, bands and the like, in order to maintain the blades in a closed position during flight. Upon impact, such annular retaining rings are designed to sheer or roll back along the opening blades, in order to allow the blades to move to an open position. These conventional annular retaining rings are prone to cracking, particularly when the elastomer material dries out. Upon release of a bowstring, the rapid acceleration and thus significant opening forces move the blades in an opening direction. The conventional annular retaining rings counteract the opening forces, but fail of the ring material is brittle or damaged. Moreover, many of the annular retaining rings are designed for one use and thus must be replaced after each use. In addition to the cost involved with supplying such consumable item, the annular retaining rings are difficult and time-consuming to install, such as when hunting, particularly during inclement weather. Furthermore, the material properties of such conventional annular retaining rings can be affected by temperature changes, thereby resulting in different bias forces that cause the blade to open prematurely or to not open when desired.
Another group of mechanical broadheads deploys the blades in an over-the-top motion, such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,090,709. The extendable blades are pivotally connected to a body near the rear of the broadhead body. A ring releasably holds the extendable blades within corresponding slots within the body. These over-the-top broadheads often fail when the blades do not fully open until after the blades enter the target. Consequently, the full cutting diameter of an over-the-top broadhead is often not available through the depth of the target.
Other broadheads of note include the following which differ in important ways from the present invention:
U.S. Pat. No. 8,007,382 teaches an expandable arrow broadhead used for releasable attachment to one end of a hollow arrow shaft. The arrow broadhead includes a pair of two-piece, folding cutting blades pivotally attached to a side of sliding shaft housing and a tip base. The tip base is part of a sliding shaft received in a collar bore in the sliding shaft housing. The cutting blades include a front cutting blade pinned to a rear pivot arm. The front cutting blade includes an outer cutting edge and an inner edge. The cutting blades are held in a retracted position during arrow flight using a flexible band received around a portion of the cutting blades or a coil spring received around the sliding shaft and mounted in the collar bore. Upon target contact, the folding cutting blades are extended outwardly from the side of the sliding shaft housing for increased penetration in the target.
U.S. Pat. No. 9,683,819 teaches a broadhead arrowhead having fully retractable blades wherein a plunger of the tip of the arrowhead causes the blades to shear a shear pin and deploy when the arrowhead strikes a target. In an alternative embodiment, the blades are retained in the arrowhead by a friction fit that is overcome to deploy the blades when the arrowhead strikes a target.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,504,063 discloses a hunting broadhead arrow comprising a hollow body or ferrule having a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots extending through the sidewall thereof for receiving a flat substantially triangular shaped blade member in each of the slots. The shank of the point member of the arrowhead extends slidably into the interior of the body and carries a plunger member in the inner end thereof. Each blade is retained in a normal contracted or retracted position with respect to the body by suitable snap ring members, and each blade is provided with a recess on the inner edge thereof for engagement with the outer periphery of the plunger member in the retracted position of the blades. Upon impact of the arrowhead, the point member is moved in a direction toward the body for moving the plunger member rearwardly within the body whereby the trailing ends of the blades are moved radially outwardly to an extending position for the blades, thus increasing the cutting diameter of the blade upon impact to increase the efficiency of the arrowhead.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,713,152 discloses an arrowhead of the expandable or mechanical broadhead type, including a tip with a rearwardly-extending actuating member which triggers one or more blades into an open state when the tip strikes a target game animal. The blades are pivotable with respect to a body into which the actuating member extends, and they include ears against which the actuating member presses upon tip impact to trigger the blades open. A latching spring maintains the blades in a closed state until the tip and actuating member are driven rearwardly by tip impact, and the tip and actuating member are preferably maintained in a forward and ready-to-trigger state by an opening spring. The actuating member may extend between the blade ears after the blades are triggered open to fix the blades in the open state until the tip is pulled forwardly to withdraw the actuating member from the ears.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,713,151 teaches a mechanical broadhead for attachment to an arrow having a broadhead body including a plurality of blade windows formed therein, a geometrically angled retractable blade attached within each of the blade windows, retaining springs for retaining the blades in a retracted position during flight, a front body slidably mounted onto the broadhead body, and a front tip secured to the front body. Upon contact with a target, the front tip and front body slide rearwardly into an end of the geometrically angled blades, thus pushing each of the blades through the blade windows into a deployed position. The blades of the broadhead are reset by inserting a sharp point underneath an end portion of the retaining springs and applying a slight twisting motion allowing the blades to retract back into the broadhead body into a loaded position.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,579,348 discloses an archery hunting head of a tubular design having a piercing tip and plunger assembly on its frontal end, with completely enclosed rotating blades, a clutch assembly mounted internally, and a rearward extension for mounting the head to an arrow by a hot gluing method.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,932,671 discloses an expandable blade broadhead with a plurality of blades pivotally mounted on a circular ring. The ring is retained between a cap mounted on a stud extending from the front end of a ferrule, and the ferrule. A hardened steel tip is slidably mounted in a bore in the cap, and is formed with a rearwardly facing cam surface. The blades are normally held retracted in slots in the ferrule body and cap, and the tip is normally held is an extended position. When the broadhead impacts a target the tip is forced rearwardly forcing the cam surface against the blades pivoting them out of the slots to a rearwardly inclined position. To facilitate extraction the blades may pivot freely to a forwardly inclined position and the rear edges of the blades are sharpened.
U.S. Pat. No. 9,470,488 teaches a rear-deploying broadhead with a body that is attachable to an arrow shaft. The body has an inner portion and an outer cylinder, with the inner portion being disposed within the outer cylinder when the broadhead is in a nondeployed position. The inner portion has a solid internal shaft, a head, and an inner cylinder. The internal shaft is disposed in a position forward to the head of the broadhead, and is situated substantially in the center of the inner portion and movable within the inner cylinder in a plunger-like manner. The solid internal shaft terminates within the inner cylinder and is attached proximate its termination to an internal sleeve, and at least two blades are pivotally attached to the internal sleeve. The outer cylinder comprises slots there-through adapted for deployment of blades.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a broadhead hunting arrow in which the cutting blades are deployed from the rear position of the broadhead upon impact with the target. The deployment is affected by a piston or plunger mechanism which is disposed within the body of the broadhead. The blades of the broadhead are retracted toward the body of the broadhead and may be retained in recesses within the body of the broadhead during the flight of the arrow. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
In an embodiment of the invention, the rear-deploying broadhead comprises a body attachable to an arrow shaft by any manner known in the art. In a preferred embodiment, the broadhead is threadably attached to the shaft. In a preferred embodiment, the body comprises an outer housing, an inner spine, and at least two blades pivotally attached to said inner spine, with the inner spine having a first end with a plunger end, and a second end which is pointed. The outer housing comprises a first closed end that terminates proximal to a structure for attaching the body to an arrow shaft and a second end which is open. The outer housing may also comprise two lateral sides with are substantially open adjacent the second end of the outer housing, and the outer housing may further comprise a front side and a rear side which both terminate at the second end of the outer housing with a pointed end. The inner spine may be shorter than the outer housing and substantially disposed in the center of the outer housing, with the plunger end seated snuggly but movably inside the outer housing adjacent the first end of the outer housing. In a nondeployed state, the second end of the inner spine extends slightly beyond the furthest extent of the second end of the outer housing.
In each embodiment of the present invention, the blades of the broadhead are retracted toward the body of the broadhead and may be retained in recesses within the body of the broadhead during the flight of the arrow. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
The external coating of the present invention may comprise any such coating known in the art that can be applied practically to a broadhead, and which has the requisite properties to retain the retracted blades in place during the flight of the arrow, but also the properties which will allow the retained blades to burst through, or cut through, the coating when the blades are deployed upon contact with the quarry or target.
The external coating of the present invention can be any optimized material known in the art. The performance of a coating largely depends on its mechanical properties that optimize the coating structure to achieve the desired performance level when needed. Coated substrates are regularly subjected to different types of mechanical or physical damages during a lifetime. By exhibiting the desired balance of mechanical properties, such as impact resistance, flexibility, hardness, toughness, a coating can meet its service requirements for a specific application as well as withstand adverse effects of damages.
The mechanical properties of coatings may include impact resistance, flexibility, hardness, and toughness. Impact resistance is the ability of a coating to resist crack or break caused by high mechanical loads and stress levels. These mechanical loads are produced either by shrinking or swelling, mechanical abuse, and weathering. Impact resistance is one of the important mechanical properties of a coating to be considered while formulating coating for protective purposes (corrosion protection, microbial protection, etc.). Flexibility showcases the ability of a coating to bent or flexed without getting cracked or undergoing other failures. Hardness quantifies the resistance to penetration of a coating layer by a harder body. It is the measure of resistance of the paint film to scratch, deformation, and indentation. Toughness is the ability of a coating to resist both fracture and deformation. It is the strength and resilience of a coating layer.
These mechanical properties determine the coating's ability to withstand strain imposed in a short time, such as an impact without tearing, breaking, or rupturing of the layer. In the case of the present invention, the necessary impact resistance is that seen when the coating will rupture or tear, but only upon the amount of impact suffered by the coating upon the impact with the target of an arrow. Impact resistance measures the material's resistance to mechanical impact getting without undergoing any physical changes. It is a measure of a coating's ability to withstand a shock. Impact resistance of a paint film can be considered as energy dissipation by vibration or rotation of various molecular segments so that at no time there is enough energy to cause a fracture. It is an important property to obtain information about the degree of cross-linking and cure in the coating layer.
In the present invention, an overcured coating is desirable, as it reduces the impact value. Similarly, use of a coating with a relatively lower molecular weight results in lower tensile strength and thus, lower impact value. Lower or controlled use of plasticizers will provide for better control of the flexibility, formability, and impact resistance of coating films. Some applications require flexibility and impact resistance at low temperatures. Impact resistance can be significantly improved at increased plasticizer levels, as well as being a function of the plasticizer type. The flexibility and toughness of coatings are also dependent on temperature. High temperatures may cause the coating to bake or cure excessively. It causes the coating to become brittle with decreased impact resistance, or it may become more resistant to the environment than would occur if it were only air-dried under ambient conditions. Also, coatings at a temperature below glass transition temperature (Tg) are hard and brittle with poor flexibility and impact resistance unless there is an auxiliary loss mechanism below Tg or below the temperature at which the coating is used. Such coatings are desirable, so long as the other necessary properties of the coating are attained.
Certain tests may be used to determine the impact strength of a coating to absorb energy under mechanical load. The drop impact test (or falling-weight impact test) is a commonly used test method to determine the impact resistance. The test standards used for impact resistance testing include ASTM D2794— Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact), ASTM G14— Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Pipeline Coatings (Falling Weight Test), and ISO 6272— Paints and Varnishes—Rapid-deformation (Impact Resistance) Tests, each of which is incorporated by reference in their entirety.
This summary of the invention does not necessarily describe all features of the invention.
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description in which reference is made to the appended drawings wherein:
Various embodiments of the invention are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures. Indeed, these inventions may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements.
A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in detail in
The present invention is a rear-deploying broadhead comprising a body attachable to an arrow shaft. The broadhead comprises rear-deploying blades which are retracted toward the body of the broadhead and may be retained in recesses within the body of the broadhead during the flight of the arrow. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
In a preferred embodiment, the body comprises an outer housing, an inner spine, and at least two blades pivotally attached to said inner spine, with the inner spine having a first end with a plunger end, and a second end which is pointed. The outer housing comprises a first closed end that terminates proximal to a structure for attaching the body to an arrow shaft and a second end which is open. The outer housing may also comprise two lateral sides with are substantially open adjacent the second end of the outer housing, and the outer housing may further comprise a front side and a rear side which both terminate at the second end of the outer housing with a pointed end. The inner spine may be shorter than the outer housing and substantially disposed in the center of the outer housing, with the plunger end seated snuggly but movably inside the outer housing adjacent the first end of the outer housing. In a nondeployed state, the second end of the inner spine extends slightly beyond the furthest extent of the second end of the outer housing. The blades of the broadhead are retracted toward the body of the broadhead and may be retained in recesses within the body of the broadhead during the flight of the arrow. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
In a further embodiment, the present invention is a rear-deploying broadhead which has a body with an outer housing, an inner spine, and at least two blades pivotally attached to said inner spine, with the inner spine having a first end with a plunger end, and a second end which is pointed. The outer housing comprises a first closed end that terminates proximal to a structure for attaching the body to an arrow shaft and a second end which is open. The outer housing may also comprise two lateral sides with are substantially open adjacent the second end of the outer housing, and the outer housing may further comprise a front side and a rear side which both terminate at the second end of the outer housing with a pointed end. The inner spine may be shorter than the outer housing and substantially disposed in the center of the outer housing, with the plunger end seated snuggly but movably inside the outer housing adjacent the first end of the outer housing. In a nondeployed state, the second end of the inner spine extends slightly beyond the furthest extent of the second end of the outer housing, and the at least two blades pivotally attached to the inner spine are in a retracted position in the nondeployed state. The blades of the broadhead are retracted toward the body of the broadhead and may be retained in recesses within the body of the broadhead during the flight of the arrow. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
In a further embodiment, the invention comprises at least two blades that are held in the retracted position in a nondeployed state by friction, and are configured to deploy through the lateral sides of the outer housing when the movement of the inner spine commences toward the first end of the outer housing. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
In a further embodiment, the invention comprises at least two blades that are each pivotally attached to the inner spine at two points on the inner spine. In a further embodiment, the at least two blades are each pivotally attached to the inner spine at least at a point approximately midway between the two ends of the inner spine. In a further embodiment, the at least two blades are each pivotally attached to the inner spine at least at a point proximal to the level of the termination of the second end of the outer housing. In a further preferred embodiment, the at least two blades are pivotally attached at two points on the inner spine, with the first attachment approximately midway between the two ends of said inner spine and the second attachment proximal to the level of the termination of the second end of the outer housing. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a rear-deploying broadhead comprising an outer housing, an inner spine, and at least two blades pivotally attached to the inner spine. The inner spine has a first end with a plunger end, and a second end distal to the plunger end. The outer housing comprises a first closed end that terminates with a structure that is attachable to an arrow shaft and a second end which is open. The outer housing also has two lateral sides with are substantially open adjacent the second end of the outer housing. The outer housing further has a front side and a rear side which both terminate at the second end of the outer housing. The inner spine is shorter than the outer housing and is substantially disposed in the center of the outer housing, with the plunger end of the inner spine seated snuggly but movably inside the outer housing adjacent the first end of said outer housing. In a nondeployed state, the second end of the inner spine extends slightly beyond the furthest extent of the second end of the outer housing. The at least two blades are pivotally attached to the inner spine and are retained in a retracted position in a nondeployed state. When the broadhead strikes a target with the extended point of the inner spine striking first, the inner spine is pushed into the outer housing toward the first end of the housing in a plunger-like manner, with the blades deploying through the openings in the lateral sides of the outer housing when the second end of the inner spine is depressed past the second ends of the front side and rear side of the outer housing. The blades are retained in place by an external coating of latex or similar material. Upon impact with the quarry, the blades deploy through the external coating.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a rear-deploying broadhead that has a body attachable to an arrow shaft. The body has an inner spine and an outer housing that has a first end proximal to the attachment to the arrow shaft and a second end. The inner spine is disposed within the outer housing when the broadhead is in a nondeployed position. The inner spine comprises a first plunger end and a second pointed end, wherein the pointed end is disposed in a position forward to the second end of the outer housing, and situated substantially in the center of the outer housing and movable within the outer housing in a plunger-like manner. The first plunger end of the inner spine is seated snuggly toward the first end of the outer housing. At least two blades are pivotally attached to the inner spine.
In a further embodiment, the present invention is a rear-deploying broadhead that has a body attachable to an arrow shaft. The body has an inner spine and an outer housing that has a first end proximal to the attachment to the arrow shaft and a second end. The broadhead comprises a structure proximal to the first end of the outer housing that is threadably attachable to an arrow shaft.
In a further embodiment, the present invention is a rear-deploying broadhead that has a body attachable to an arrow shaft. The body has an inner spine and an outer housing that has a first end proximal to the attachment to the arrow shaft and a second end. The inner spine is disposed within the outer housing when the broadhead is in a nondeployed position. The inner spine comprises a first plunger end and a second pointed end, wherein the pointed end is disposed in a position forward to the second end of the outer housing, and situated substantially in the center of the outer housing and movable within the outer housing in a plunger-like manner. The first plunger end of the inner spine is seated snuggly toward the first end of the outer housing. At least two blades are pivotally attached to the inner spine. The blades are folded inward by means of additional pivots when the broadhead is in a nondeployed position, and the blades are pivotally attached to the inner spine proximal to the level of the termination of the second end of the outer housing. In a further embodiment, the outer housing has slots there-through adapted for deployment of blades. In another embodiment, the outer housing comprises recesses for the frictional retraction of the non-deployed blades.
While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention as claimed. Moreover, the terms “consisting”, “comprising” and other derivatives from the term “comprise” are intended to be open-ended terms that specify the presence of any stated features, elements, steps, or components, and are not intended to preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, integers, steps, components, or groups thereof. Moreover, Applicants have endeavored in the present specification and drawings to draw attention to certain features of the invention, it should be understood that the Applicant claims protection in respect to any patentable feature or combination of features referred to in the specification or drawings. The drawings are provided to illustrate features of the invention, but the claimed invention is expressly not limited to the illustrated embodiments.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220244025 A1 | Aug 2022 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16298133 | Mar 2019 | US |
| Child | 17399587 | US |
