This invention relates to base blocks mainly for use in road milling machinery, but also capable of being used in mining and trenching equipment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Road milling bits and bit holders, the design of which, when made in differing sizes, can also be used for trenching machines and mining machines, have benefited greatly from what has been termed a “quick change tooling system,” found in the instant inventor's prior U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,371,567; 6,685,273; and 7,883,155.
In applicant's recently filed, provisional patent application, Ser. No. 61/944,676, filed Feb. 26, 2014, now application Ser. No. 14/628,482 filed Feb. 23, 2015, applicant discloses the findings that most of the retaining force between the diametrically compressed slotted portion of the shank in a quick change system and the base block bore is radially located near the top of the slotted portion of the shank. Indeed, the further one gets from the top of the slot, the less the distal end of the approximately 2½ inch long shank applies force to the base block bore.
In applicant's copending application, identified above, applicant has shortened the shank from a full length of approximately 2⅜ inches to about 1½ inches in length and has obtained about the same retention force between the bit/holder shank and the base block bore, between about 5,000 and 30,000 pounds of radial force.
A need has developed for providing additional access to the rear of a base block for removing a bit, a bit holder or a combination bit/holder.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention resides in a shorter or less lengthy base block with a corresponding shorter base block bore, when combined with the about 1½ inch length bit holder shank, provides for additional space at the rear of the base block for additional tool access.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention may best be understood from the following detailed description of currently preferred embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein like numerals refer to like parts, and in which:
FIG. 1 is an end elevational view of a bit assembly, constructed in accordance with the present invention, with the addition of a bit removal tool shown forcing a bit out of its bit holder;
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the first embodiment of the bit block shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of a first modification of the base block shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a ¾ front perspective view of the base block shown in FIG. 1 with a long shank bit holder mounted therein;
FIG. 6 is a ¾ front exploded view of the long shank bit holder shown in FIG. 5 extended outwardly of the base block shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an end elevational view of the base block of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of the bit holder and base block of the current invention with a long standard 2⅜ inch shank inserted in the bit block;
FIG. 9 is an end elevational view of a modification of the base block shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 9 wherein the portion of the bit block bore extending from the back of the bit holder retaining portion is slightly tapered at an angle relative to the annular bore to retain a long shank bit holder therein;
FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of a modification of the base block shown in FIG. 10 where the annular bore and the rear arcuate extension of same are of the same angular configuration; and
FIG. 12 is a cross sectional view similar to FIG. 10 showing a bit holder mounted in the base block and a drive punch driving out a bit therefrom.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a first embodiment of a base block 20, constructed in accordance with the present invention, is shown together with a first embodiment of a bit holder 21 mounted therein in FIGS. 1 and 2, and also showing an angled drift pin 23 pushing out a bit 24 from the central bore 25 of the bit holder 21.
The base block 20 shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 is a modification of the base block shown in Applicant's recently filed and provisional application Ser. No. 61/944,676 filed Feb. 26, 2014, now Ser. No. 14/628,482 filed Feb. 23, 2015, the contents and drawings of which are incorporated herein by reference.
As in the '482 application, the base block 20 of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 includes a shortened front end 26 and a base 27 including a base surface 27a (FIG. 3) which may be flat or slightly concave to fit a drum or additional mounting plates thereon (not shown) on which a plurality of base blocks may be mounted, usually in chevron or spiral fashion. Outwardly of the mounting portion or base of the base block 20, is a generally annular bit holder mounting portion, also called a device receiving portion, or front end 26, having a central nominal 1½ inch diameter annular or generally cylindrical bore 28 positioned therethrough which is generally positioned at between 30 to 60 degrees from the horizontal. The annular device receiving or bit holding portion 26 of the base block is, in this embodiment, about 1½ inches in length or greater and is configured to receive a bit holder or a device.
As in the previous embodiment, the base block bore 28 has been shortened from about 2⅜ inches in length to 1½ inches in length preferably by removing material from the back of the mounting portion, and thus providing added space behind the device receiving or holder mounting portion 26 of the base block 20. This added space from prior art base blocks provides additional access up to about ⅞ inch from the mounting portion for tools to remove or punch out either bits 24 from a bit holder annular or circular bore 25, or a bit holder 21 from the base block bore 28. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a bit 24 or broken shank with its generally cylindrical shank 24a being pushed out of a bit holder bore 25 by a bent drift pin 23 which is configured on its base end 23a to fit into a pneumatically operated tool (not shown).
The bit holder 21 shown in FIG. 2 has an upper body portion 30, and a lower shank portion 31 which is slotted at 31a to allow the shank 31 to compress radially when inserted in the base block bore 28. The force between the diametrically contracted slotted shank 31 and the base block bore 28 maintains and retains the bit holder 21 in the bit block 20. In the instant application, the bit block annular portion 26 has been shortened from approximately 2⅜ inches in length, which is the bit holder shank length utilized in applicant's U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,371,567; 6,685,273; and 7,883,155, the contents and drawings of which are incorporated herein by reference.
As indicated in the preceding application noted above, Applicant has discovered that the bulk of the forces between the slotted shank 31 of the bit holder 21 and the base block bore 28 occur adjacent the top of the slot 31a in the shank 31. Indeed, in the copending application, Applicant has disclosed a shank that is configured at a more outwardly extending angle than the angle of the base block bore. That is, if the shank 31 is a straight cylindrical member, the bit block bore 28 will be slightly tapered inwardly, or tapered to the centerline of the holder.
By adjusting the relative angles between the outer surface of the shank 31 and the base block bore 28, the position of the forces between those two structures may be engineered to occur where most beneficial along the axis of the shank 31.
Returning to the base block 20, the base block of the present invention has several distinct differences from the base block shown in the copending patent application. First, the bottom end 34 of the base block bore 28, in this embodiment, includes a semi cylindrical angular slot 33, preferably at the radially outermost portion of the base block bore. This angular slot 33 allows added room for the drift pin 23 shown in FIG. 2 to operate. Additionally, in the cutaway portion of the bottom or rear end 34 of the annular bit holder shank holding or receiving portion 26 of the base block 20, adjacent the mounting portion 27 of the base block, a transitional reduced radius angular wall or discontinuity 35 is formed on the bore relative to the bore axis or centerline 38 such that a segmental radius leads to a slightly smaller radius extension or cutaway portion 36. The extension of the arcuate segment 36 extends onto a surface 80 (FIGS. 3, 4, 10, and 11) of the base block 20. The surface 80 extends to a first plane including the central axis 38 of the bore and/or a second plane below the first plane. This reduced radius extension of an arcuate segment of said bore 36, which may be ⅞ inch in length does not serve a function when the base block and shorter shank bit holder are used. But its function will be disclosed in more detail below.
As mentioned in connection with FIG. 3, the bore 28 through the bit holder holding portion of the base block 20 may be cylindrical, or slightly inwardly tapered or slightly outwardly tapered as long as the shank 31 of the bit holder extends outwardly more at its distal end 31b than that of the bit holder block bore 28. As noted previously, if it is desirable to have more radial interference between the bit holder shank 31 and the base block bore 28 adjacent the top 37 of the base block bore 28, this shank portion may be increased in diameter relative to that of the base block holder bore.
FIG. 3 discloses a base block bore 28 that is either a continuous cylindrical or an inwardly tapered angle continuously along its length from the top 37 of the bit holder mounting portion to the bottom 34 of the bit holder shank mounting portion 26. This bore 28 is generally positioned at a 30 to 60 degree angle to the bottom surface 27a of the base block 20. The semicircular angled slot 33, also shown in FIG. 1, is shown in dotted line adjacent the outermost portion of the base block bore 28 for allowing increased access of a drift pin removal tool 23 to the back of the base block 20. The reduced diameter 36, as shown most clearly in FIG. 1, starting at the inner portion of the base block bore 28 subjacent the outer back wall 34 of the bit holder shank retaining portion is shown in dotted line 36 as it extends up to about ⅞ inch from that back wall 34 to the rear 32 of the base block mounting portion 27.
FIG. 4 discloses a first modification 40 of the base block shown in FIG. 3 wherein the bit block bore includes an upper section 41 that is tapered adjacent the top of the bit holder retaining portion 44, forming an acute angle to the centerline 38 of the bit block bore in this illustrated embodiment, approximately half way through the bit block bore wherein the remainder or lower section 42 of the bit block bore is generally cylindrical in shape to the back wall 43 of the bit holder retaining portion 44. Again, a slight transverse reduced diameter 45 is shown that extends from the ridge 46 at the back of the bit holder block bore 42 to the rearmost portion 47 of the mounting portion 48 of the base block 40.
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the base block 20 of the present invention is shown with a standard 2⅜ inch length bit holder 21 mounted therein instead of the 1½ inch shank length bit holder. A pair of wedge shape notches 47 (one shown) in the back annular face 48 (FIG. 8) of the body portion 50 of the bit holder body extend transversely near the axis of the shank a distance about ⅛ inch shy of the position of a plane perpendicular to the axis of the bore 51.
The configuration shown in FIGS. 5-11 of the instant application discloses the use of the shortened bit holding portion 52 which includes annular bore 54 through the present base block 20 in combination with a standard length shank bit holder 21 as shown in applicant's prior patents.
When applicant's invention is utilized for road milling, mining or trenching operations, the use to which the assembly is subjected is extreme in nature. The industry has worked diligently through the years to increase the useful life of bits, combination bit/holders, and base blocks while performing the extremely tough cutting conditions to which they are subjected. Applicant's present invention utilizing the shortened base block bit holder mounting portion and the shortened bit holder shank on the bit/holder provides substantial benefits over the prior art. However, eventually, these extreme forces will account for wear in the base block bore and wear on the bit holder shank such that a standard short shank bit holder may not successfully be retained in the base block bore.
When such is the case, even after the added cycle of life provided by the instant invention, applicant's present invention provides for utilizing a standard 2⅜ inch length bit holder shank 31 in the improved base block to provide additional use of the base block than heretofore known.
FIGS. 7 and 8 show the use of the standard 2⅜ inch length shank bit holder 21 as mounted in the base block 40 of the first modification of the present invention. As shown most clearly in FIG. 8, the added reduced diameter interference portion 42 at the rearmost portion of the bit block bore 46 beyond the end or back wall 53 of the bit holder shank retaining portion engages the 2⅜ inch long shank 31 of the bit holder 20 adjacent its distal end and provides sufficient sideways force against that portion of the shank 31 to retain same in the base block 40. The ridge shown in FIG. 8 has been enhanced in size to show its effect in use. Such a ridge 45 and smaller segment portion 42 would be expected to be less than about 0.050 inch in interference.
In the example shown in FIG. 8, the slotted portion of the bit holder shank 31a is positioned adjacent the curved reduced diameter wall 42 and ridge 45 to provide the amount of elastic bend to that portion of the shank 31 to retain the shank in the base block bore 51.
Referring to FIGS. 9, 10 and 12, a second modification of the base block 60 is shown that, while being similar to the first embodiment and first modification thereof does not have a predominant differential diameter ridge adjacent the rear wall of the bit holder shank retaining portion 61 of the base block 60, but has a gradual inwardly tapering or smoothly transitional surface 62 instead which provides a smaller diameter than the radial distance to the axis at the rear of the bit holder block bore 63.
This smaller radius rearmost portion 62 is most useful as shown in FIG. 12, when the solid or internal slotted portion 31a of the standard length shank bit holder 21 is mounted in the base block 60 of the second modification of the present invention. The slotted portion 31a in a single slotted shank holder 21 can be positioned opposite the smaller semicircular reduced diameter angled segment 62 similar to that bit holder shank position shown in FIG. 8. A lesser interference fit in such case may be required. A slight increasing resistance will be obtained when inserting the standard length bit holder shank 31 in the bit block bore 63 than in the first modification shown in FIG. 8.
Referring to FIG. 11, a third modification 70, of the base block of the invention is similar to the first and second base block modifications 40 and 60, respectively. The base or drum mounting portion 71 of the base block mounts the block on a drum (not shown) identically to the previous embodiment and modifications. The outside of the annular bit holding portion 72 is also identical to the previously disclosed embodiment and modifications. The change to the third modification is the continuous angular orientation of the backside arcuate wall 73 extending from the rear of the annular base block bore 74 to the back end 75 of the drum mounting portion. Arcuate wall 73 is formed at the same angle as that of annular bore 74, i.e., from a non-locking taper of 1-3 degrees per side to a straight cylindrical bore.
FIG. 12 shows a construction that is similar to the first embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2 in that a bent drift pin 23 may be utilized at the rear of the second modification of the base block 60 to drive a bit 24 from the bit holder 21. It should be noted that the embodiments and modifications shown in the present invention can be utilized with a combined bit/holder shown in applicant's patent application Ser. No. 61/879,353, filed Sep. 18, 2013 now application Ser. No. 14/487,493 filed Sep. 15, 2014, wherein the bit/holder does not have a separate bit mountable on the front end of the bit holder but utilizes a diamond tipped insert mounted in a unitary construction bit/holder. Arcuate surface 62 (FIG. 12) and arcuate surface 73 (FIG. 11) will aid the remainder of the base block bore in retaining a standard length shank as long as the interference between the two is at least 0.005 inch on the diameter and preferably more. The arcuate surface may have a radius greater, equal to or less than the bore as long as there is at least the minimum interference therebetween.
While one embodiment and three modifications of the present invention have been shown herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention. It is the intent of the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Grant
10370966
