Field of the Invention
The invention relates to retrofit systems and methods for lighting installations, and in particular, to retrofit systems and methods used to retrofit troffer-style lighting installations with LED light sources.
Description of the Related Art
Troffer-style fixtures are ubiquitous in commercial office and industrial spaces throughout the world. In many instances these troffers house elongated tubular fluorescent lamps or light bulbs that span the length of the troffer. Troffers may be mounted to or suspended from ceilings, such as being, suspended by a “T-grid”. Often the troffer may be recessed into the ceiling, with the back side of the troffer protruding into the plenum area above the ceiling. Typically, elements of the troffer on the back side dissipate heat generated by the light source into the plenum where air can be circulated to facilitate the cooling mechanism. U.S. Pat. No. 5,823,663 to Bell, et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 6,210,025 to Schmidt, et al. are examples of typical troffer-style fixtures.
More recently, with the advent of the efficient solid state lighting sources, these troffers have been used with LEDs as their light source. LEDs are solid state devices that convert electric energy to light and generally comprise one or more active regions of semiconductor material interposed between oppositely doped semiconductor layers. When a bias is applied across the doped layers, holes and electrons are injected into the active region where they recombine to generate light. Light is produced in the active region and emitted from surfaces of the LED.
LEDs have certain characteristics that make them desirable for many lighting applications that were previously the realm of incandescent or fluorescent lights. Incandescent lights are very energy-inefficient light sources with approximately ninety percent of the electricity they consume being released as heat rather than light. Fluorescent light bulbs are more energy efficient than incandescent light bulbs by a factor of about 10, but are still relatively inefficient. LEDs by contrast, can emit the same luminous flux as incandescent and fluorescent lights using a fraction of the energy.
In addition, LEDs can have a significantly longer operational lifetime. Incandescent light bulbs have relatively short lifetimes, with some having a lifetime in the range of about 750-1000 hours. Fluorescent bulbs can also have lifetimes longer than incandescent bulbs such as in the range of approximately 10,000-20,000 hours, but provide less desirable color reproduction. In comparison, LEDs can have lifetimes between 50,000 and 70,000 hours. The increased efficiency and extended lifetime of LEDs is attractive to many lighting suppliers and has resulted in their LED lights being used in place of conventional lighting in many different applications. It is predicted that further improvements will result in their general acceptance in more and more lighting applications. An increase in the adoption of LEDs in place of incandescent or fluorescent lighting would result in increased lighting efficiency and significant energy saving.
There has been recent interest in upgrading existing troffer style lighting systems with LED sources (or engines) to capitalize on the above advantages. Current options for upgrading include complete fixture replacement such as by the commercially available CR Series Architectural LED Troffer, provided by Cree, Inc. Some features of these troffers are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/873,303, titled “Troffer-style Fixture”, and assigned to Cree, Inc. Performing complete fixture replacement can require penetrating the ceiling plenum by a skilled technician. This can be time consuming and expensive, and in many locations, building codes can require that a licensed electrician perform any work in the plenum space above a ceiling.
Some embodiments of the present invention comprise a mechanical mounting system for installing an LED light engine or light source within an existing lighting system housing or pan, such as a troffer pan, without penetrating the ceiling plenum. One configuration comprises a system for mounting a light engine in a fixture. This system comprises a plurality of mounting brackets configured to be mounted within an existing light fixture. The mounting brackets are held in place by the geometry or features of the existing light fixture. The system also includes light source bars configured to engage each of the mounting brackets.
Another configuration describes a system for retrofitting existing lighting troffer pans. This system comprises a plurality of mounting brackets configured to be mounted within the troffer pan. The mounting brackets are held in place by a raceway cover of the troffer pan. The system also includes light source bars having a mechanism allowing the light source bars to engage with the mounting brackets.
Yet another configuration sets out a method for retrofitting a light engine in a fixture. This method comprises providing a fixture with a plurality of mounting brackets. The method further includes securing the mounting bracket to the fixture with components of the fixture, and engaging at least one light source bar with the mounting bracket.
These and other further features and advantages of the invention would be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Embodiments of the present invention provide retrofit systems that can be used with different light fixtures, but that are particularly adapted for use with troffer-style fixtures. These retrofit systems can provide the same amount of light as traditional light fixtures already do, for example 1600-4000 lumens and above. The retrofit systems can be used with many different light sources but are particularly well-suited for use with solid state light sources or light engines, such as those utilizing LEDs. Some embodiments of the present invention comprise a mechanical mounting system for installing an LED light engine within an existing lighting system housing or pan, such as a troffer pan, without penetrating the ceiling plenum.
By leaving the existing troffer pan in place, embodiments of the present invention can rely on the troffer pan to act as a barrier against the spread of fire and smoke. In many areas, local codes may not allow for the use of plastic components inside the plenum space above the ceiling. This is due to concerns that if a fire occurred in one room, toxic smoke from burning plastics could be carried to other locations which share the air plenum. Maintaining the host fixture's troffer pan as a barrier to this spread of toxic smoke can allow for the use of lower cost plastic parts above the ceiling line in the troffer pan. Without the troffer pan barrier, these plastic parts might otherwise not be allowed in the plenum space.
During the upgrade process, contamination may also be a concern, particularly in a hospital or clean room environment. In upgrade processes where the entire fixture is replaced, the sheet metal pan or housing of an existing troffer lighting system is removed. Removing the “host fixture” pan can generate dust which must be contained, and the surrounding area must be cleaned prior to resuming normal operations within the environment. Preventing dust is of particular concern in the case of dust containing dangerous materials such as asbestos. In certain environments, construction permits may be required for an upgrade process that requires removal of the troffer pan, which can add additional complications and costs.
Another alternative upgrade option is by a fixture retrofit where a new LED based light engine or light source can be installed into the sheet metal pan of an existing troffer lighting system. This can provide the advantage of using light engines with design features such as reflectors, lenses, and power supplies which have been optimized for an LED-based system. It also allows light engines which are approved for use in other applications to be used in a retrofit application. Some retrofits can provide the advantage of not removing the existing troffer pan, with the pan acting as a barrier to the above-ceiling plenum space. Leaving the pan intact during the retrofit process does not disturb wiring connections, insulation, etc., found in the plenum space. Leaving the pan in place may also allow for work to be performed by non-licensed personal, which can result in a significant cost savings over work performed by licensed electricians.
Many upgrades involve replacing the fluorescent light bulbs/tubes with replacement tubes having LEDs along their length. This upgrade can fit existing fluorescent lamp fixtures and can rely on the fixture's electrical ballast and wiring. However, compared to light engines designed to capitalize on the characteristics of LEDs, these replacement lamps may utilize much more energy for a given light output (lower efficacy), and can provide little or no cost benefit. Furthermore, these upgrades require costly interface connectors to connect to the existing tombstone connections. In addition, the retrofitter is forced to rely upon the mechanical and electrical reliability of the original manufacturer and fixture. An aged fixture may have significantly weakened tombstones.
The present invention is described herein with reference to certain embodiments, but it is understood that the invention can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In particular, the present invention is described below in regards to certain retrofit systems that can be used to retrofit and/or upgrade troffer-style fixtures or lighting systems, but it is understood that the system can be used to retrofit and/or upgrade different types of lighting systems. The retrofit systems can also be used with many different light systems, sources and engines beyond those described herein, with many being LED based.
It is understood that when an element can be referred to as being “on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Furthermore, relative terms such as “inner”, “outer”, “upper”, “above”, “lower”, “beneath”, and “below”, and similar terms, may be used herein to describe a relationship of one element to another. It is understood that these terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.
Although the ordinal terms first, second, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, or section from another. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, a first element, component, region, or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
As used herein, the term “source” can be used to indicate a single light emitter or more than one light emitter functioning as a single source. For example, the term may be used to describe a single blue LED, or it may be used to describe a red LED and a green LED in proximity emitting as a single source. Thus, the term “source” should not be construed as a limitation indicating either a single-element or a multi-element configuration unless clearly stated otherwise.
Embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to cross-sectional view illustrations that are schematic illustrations. As such, the actual thickness of elements can be different, and variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances are expected. Thus, the elements illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As mentioned above, embodiments of the present invention can comprise a mechanical mounting system for installing an LED light engine or light source within an existing lighting system pan, such as the opening of a troffer pan, without penetrating the ceiling plenum. The light engine can be provided with a mounting feature or mount bracket that quickly and easily engages the troffer pan. Different mount adaptors can be arranged in different ways, with some being provided as a single piece adaptor, and others being provided as a multiple piece adaptor. Additionally, the mounting bracket may be provided with guides or other devices that allow for consistent and error free placement of the mounting bracket during the retrofit process.
In some configurations, the mount bracket may be a multi-function piece of equipment, which serves to correctly orient and space the light sources, hold the light sources in place, and provide a wiring path from the light sources to the power supply, both hiding the wiring and providing desired spacing or enclosures for electrical ratings, such as high voltage regulatory requirements. Initial installation of the mounting bracket may incorporate the use a temporary holding mechanism to hold the bracket in place until further along in the process when the mounting bracket is secured in place.
In one exemplary retrofit system, the ballast or raceway of the original system is temporarily removed to begin the retrofit. Once the raceway or ballast is removed, mounting brackets may be placed within the troffer pan. The brackets may be shaped or sized to only fit in the proper installation location, or other types of markers or guides can be used to insure that the brackets are always consistently and correctly placed. Once the mounting bracket is placed in the correct location, and possibly temporarily fastened in place, light sources and wiring can be manipulated in place on the bracket.
If required, a new power supply may be placed in place of or adjacent to the existing power supply, under the raceway or ballast area. In some configurations, the power supply may be designed to interface with existing fixture fastening features for ease of installation, such as holes, flanges, and cutouts. The power supply is responsible for delivering the electrical voltage and current to the light source bars. The power supply receives line voltage from the fixture input (bypassing the existing ballast), for example 120 VAC. Wiring for this power supply may then be passed through a wire routing path in the mounting bracket between the light source and the power supply. This wire routing path may include a separate cover which can be put in place over the wires or a portion of the bracket itself may be used to cover the path, such as a living hinge cover of the wire path.
The mounting bracket may include features to receive and fasten light sources. Light sources may be fastened into place on the bracket using a variety of suitable methods, such as but not limited to snap fit, screws, adhesive, twist, interference fit, or press fit. Mounting brackets may be placed at each end of the troffer pan, additional mounting brackets may be included, or any other configuration of mounting brackets may be used.
The light sources or light source bars may be any appropriate light source which can be retrofitted in place of a fluorescent light bar. The light source in some configurations may be a plurality of LEDs or other solid state light chips spaced across a circuit board, such as a PCB which may be rigid or flexible. This circuit board with LEDs may be placed within a cover or other holding device. The LEDs may be in series or parallel or a combination of both. Also, the light source may include power supply components or circuitry, or this circuitry may be located separate from the light sources. The light sources may also include a heat sink; however, in configurations where high efficiency LEDs are used, a heat sink may not be necessary as the traces on the PCB may be enough to dissipate heat. Previously, light sources or light bars did not use heat sinks which resulted in light source failure. As heat sink and light source technology has matured, heat sinks now are used and required in all applications. Though, traditionally, heat sinks are required for adequate heat dissipation, it is possible in configurations of the light bars to exclude a heat sink and provide sufficient heat dissipation by only using the traces on the circuit board. Inclusion of a heat sink involves the added cost and manufacturing allowances for a heat sink. The light bars of the current disclosure, which do not require a heat sink, allow the light bars to be more efficient in terms of cost and manufacturing.
In some configurations, the light source includes a housing. This housing may include a cover over the LEDs. This cover may be translucent and in some configurations include a diffuser to provide a more uniform appearance of the light source. The housing includes a mechanism to hold the PCB in place, such as a snap fit, adhesive, a slide in channel, heat sink, vibration weld, sonic weld, or any other suitable mechanism. The housing may also include features to secure the light source bar to the mounting bracket. The housing provides a rigid form for the light source. Each light source bar may be one rigid piece or multiple rigid sections. Additionally, one light source bar may span an entire troffer pan or multiple portions may be strung together. The housing portion may include optional end caps for closing off or sealing each light source.
Each light source bar is connected to a power supply, directly or via another light source bar. This power supply is responsible for delivering electrical voltage and current to the light source and receives line voltage from the light fixture input. Though each light source may include power supply components, in some configurations, the power supply is separate from the light sources and fits inside the existing fixtures ballast or raceway cover. In some embodiments, the power supply may be designed to interface with the existing fixture fastening features for power supplies, such as holes, flanges and cutouts. In other configurations, the power supply can be fastened with other attachment methods. This power supply may replace the original power supply or simply be installed adjacent to it.
Considering that most retrofittings would occur while a light fixture is already installed in a ceiling, it is beneficial to provide features which make the retrofit process easier and as close to error free as possible, while working with a fixture that is overhead and cannot be manipulated. Therefore, in some configurations, the mounting brackets 42 will include guides or guiding features (not shown) to allow for consistent and error free mounting within the troffer pan 40. Such guides or guide features may include shaping which prevents the mounting brackets from being mounted in a location other than the correct location. In another embodiment, the guide features may include extensions such as markers which can come in contact with the edges of the troffer pan and provide accurate orientation of the mounting brackets in relation to the troffer pan. In yet another embodiment, an installer may use marks or features of the troffer pan itself to correctly orient and mount the mounting brackets.
Some configurations may include a temporary fastener to the troffer pan 40 to facilitate installation of the mounting brackets 42. A temporary fastener may be a pressure sensitive fastener, such as an adhesive, or any other suitable temporary fastening mechanism such as screws, press fit, snap fit, twist, or interference fit. This would allow the installer to place the mounting bracket in the correct location and continue with the retrofit process without having to hold the mounting bracket in place until the mounting bracket can be fully secured.
Moving outward from the center of the mounting bracket 42, past the wire path 49 is the light source bar mounting or engaging portion 46. This area 46 is where light source bars engage or mount to the mounting bracket 42. The mounting bracket 42 includes features to interface with the light source bar. In some configurations, the light source bars snap into place in the engaging portion 46. However, in other configurations, the light source bar may be fastened using other mechanisms, such as press fit, screws, twist fit, adhesives, interference fit, or any other suitable fastening mechanism. In retrofits which have multiple light source bars, the mounting bracket may have predefined interface locations so the installer can position them correctly.
As can be seen in the troffer pans 50, 60 shown in
Next, referring to
The light source bars may be configured and constructed in a variety of manners.
The housing may also include holding features 98 to keep the circuit board 92 in place. The holding feature 98 may be advantageous in some configurations because it can also function to hold in place reflective layers or coatings on the circuit board which may come loose when the adhesive used to apply the layer fails. Holding features 98 may also be coextruded in a reflective white material to replace an often used reflective film. Some light source bars, such as the one shown in
The circuit board 92 may be any suitable circuit board including those that are rigid or flexible. In the configuration shown in
The light source bar 90, 100, or housing portion 96 of the light source bar 90, includes features to engage it with the mounting bracket. These features may include screws, adhesives, twist fit, press fit, interference fit or snap fit features. In the configuration shown in
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to certain preferred configurations thereof, other versions are possible. Embodiments of the present invention can comprise any combination of compatible features shown in the various figures, and these embodiments should not be limited to those expressly illustrated and discussed. Therefore, the spirit and scope of the invention should not be limited to the versions described above.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20140126195 A1 | May 2014 | US |