Claims
- 1. A rechargeable electrochemical apparatus comprising a organic electrolyte containing an alkali metal in ionic form, a reversible positive electrode, and a rechargeable negative electrode, said apparatus containing no alkali metal in the metallic state, and said rechargeable negative electrode being comprised of a cadmium alloy,
- wherein said cadmium alloy comprises at least 10 percent by weight of Cd and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, In, Pb and Bi,
- wherein said cadmium alloy, as a result of charging said apparatus at a more noble potential than that of the metallic alkali metal, absorbs said alkali metal ions from said electrolyte to form an intermetallic compound therewith which is comprised of at least one metal of said alloy and said alkali metal, without the formation of metallic alkali metal, and
- wherein said cadmium alloy, as the result of discharging said apparatus, desorbs said alkali metal from the intermetallic compound into the electrolyte as ions.
- 2. The rechargeable electrochemical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said alkali metal is Li.
- 3. The rechargeable electrochemical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said alloy is an alloy of Sn and Cd.
- 4. The rechargeable electrochemical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said alloy is an alloy of Sn, In and Cd.
- 5. The rechargeable electrochemical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said alloy is an alloy of Pb and Cd.
- 6. The rechargeable electrochemical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said alloy is an alloy of Pb, In and Cd.
- 7. The rechargeable electrochemical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said alloy is an alloy of Pb, Sn and Cd.
- 8. A rechargeable electrochemical apparatus comprising an organic electrolyte containing an alkali metal in ionic form, a reversible positive electrode, and a rechargeable negative electrode, said apparatus containing no alkali metal in the metallic state either before, during or after operation thereof, and said rechargeable negative electrode being comprises of a cadmium alloy,
- wherein said cadmium alloy comprises at least 10 percent by weight of Cd and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, In, Pb and Bi,
- wherein said cadmium alloy, as a result of charging said apparatus at a more noble potential than that of the metallic alkali metal, absorbs said alkali metal ions from said electrolyte up to a saturation amount to form an intermetallic compound therewith which is comprises of at least one metal of said alloy and said alkali metal, without the formation of metallic alkali metal, and
- wherein said cadmium alloy, as the result of discharging said apparatus, desorbs said alkali metal from the intermetallic compound into the electrolyte as ions.
- 9. A rechargeable electrochemical apparatus comprising an organic electrolyte containing Li in ionic form, a reversible positive electrode, and a rechargeable negative electrode, said apparatus containing no Li in the metallic state either before, during or after operation thereof, and said rechargeable negative electrode being comprises of a cadmium alloy,
- wherein said cadmium alloy comprises at least 10 percent by weight of Cd, up to 20% by weight of Li and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, In, Pb and Bi,
- wherein said cadmium alloy, as a result of charging said apparatus at a more noble potential than that of LI, absorbs Li ions from said electrolyte up to a saturation amount of about 20% by weight Li to form an intermetallic compound therewith which is comprised of at least one metal of said alloy and Li, without the formation of metallic Li, and
- wherein said cadmium alloy, as the result of discharging said apparatus, desorbs Li from the intermetallic compound into the electrolyte as Li ions.
Priority Claims (5)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
58-36877 |
Mar 1983 |
JPX |
|
58-36878 |
Mar 1983 |
JPX |
|
58-36880 |
Mar 1983 |
JPX |
|
58-36881 |
Mar 1983 |
JPX |
|
58-158329 |
Aug 1983 |
JPX |
|
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/672,260, filed Nov. 5, 1984, now abandoned.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
102e Date |
371c Date |
PCT/JP84/00086 |
3/6/1984 |
|
|
11/5/1984 |
11/5/1984 |
Publishing Document |
Publishing Date |
Country |
Kind |
WO84/03590 |
9/13/1984 |
|
|
US Referenced Citations (4)
Foreign Referenced Citations (3)
Number |
Date |
Country |
56-73860 |
Jun 1981 |
JPX |
57-98978 |
Jun 1982 |
JPX |
0141870 |
Sep 1982 |
JPX |
Non-Patent Literature Citations (2)
Entry |
Iwase, K. and Okamoto, S., "Standard Phase-diagrams of Binary Alloys" (1953), pp. 192 and 339. |
Wang et al., "Behavior of Some Binary Lithium Alloys (etc)", Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 133, No. 3, (3/86), pp. 457-460. |
Continuations (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
672260 |
Nov 1984 |
|