Patent Grant
7059425
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a reciprocating power tool having a power transmission mechanism for converting a rotating output of a driving motor into linear motion in the axial direction of the tool bit.
2. Description of the Related Art
Japanese issued publication No. H4-31801 discloses an electric hammer with a starting clutch. In this hammer, clutch engagement can be controlled by means of a striker and a pusher. The striker and the pusher can slide axially within a spindle that holds a hammer bit. With this construction, even if the motor is driven, the striking element does not perform a reciprocating motion as long as the hammer bit is not pressed to the workpiece.
In the above-mentioned technique, further improvement is desired with respect to the driving mechanism of the hammer bit.
It is, accordingly, an object of the present invention to provide a reciprocating power tool having a further improved power transmission mechanism for converting a rotating output of a driving motor into linear motion in the axial direction of the tool bit.
According to the present invention, a representative reciprocating power tool may comprise a tool bit, a driving motor, a power transmission mechanism. The tool bit performs a predetermined operation on a workpiece by a reciprocating movement. The driving motor drives the tool bit. The power transmission mechanism converts a rotating output of the driving motor into linear motion in the axial direction of the tool bit. The power transmission mechanism includes an internal gear, a planetary gear and a power transmission pin. The internal gear is normally prevented from rotation. The planetary gear engages the internal gear. The power transmission pin is eccentrically disposed on the planetary gear. The internal gear is allowed to rotate by a predetermined degree in relation to a load applied to the tool bit. As the result of rotation of the internal gear in relation to the load applied to the tool bit, the relative position of the power transmission pin is changed with respect to the point of engagement between the internal gear and the planetary gear. Thus, a linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit is changed.
According to the representative reciprocating power tool, the stroke of the driven objects can be changed in relation to the load applied to the tool bit and thus, improved power transmission mechanism for converting a rotating output of a driving motor into linear motion in the axial direction of the tool bit can be provided.
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood after reading the following detailed description together with the accompanying drawings and the claims.
According to the present invention, a representative reciprocating power tool may include a tool bit, a driving motor and a power transmission mechanism. The reciprocating power tool may preferably embrace various tools, such as hammers, hammer drills, jig saws and reciprocating saws, in which a tool bit performs a predetermined operation on a workpiece by reciprocating movement. The driving motor drives the tool bit. The power transmission mechanism serves to convert a rotating output of the driving motor into linear motion in the axial direction of the tool bit. The power transmission mechanism comprises an internal gear, a planetary gear and a power transmission pin. The internal gear is normally prevented from rotation, and the planetary gear engages with the internal gear. The power transmission pin is eccentrically disposed on the planetary gear. In the power transmission mechanism according to the present invention, a driving gear causes the planetary gear to revolve along the internal periphery of the internal gear. Thus, the power transmission pin on the planetary gear also revolves together with the planetary gear. The linear motion components in the axial direction of the tool bit within the rotating motion of the power transmission pin are utilized to transmit the power of the driving motor.
Within the power transmission mechanism according to the present invention, the power transmission pin is eccentrically disposed on the planetary gear. The internal gear is allowed to rotate by a predetermined degree in relation to a load applied to the tool bit. As a result, the relative position of the power transmission pin can be changed with respect to the point of engagement between the internal gear and the planetary gear. The state in which “the internal gear is allowed to rotate by a predetermined degree according to a load applied to the tool bit” may widely embrace the state in which the rotation of the internal gear is allowed when the load on the tool bit changes. The “load” on the tool bit embraces load applied in various directions of the tool bit, such as the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tool bit. For example, the tool may be configured such that the internal gear is allowed to rotate when user of the tool stops pressing the tool against the workpiece in operation. Further, the state in which “the relative position of the power transmission pin is changed” widely includes the state in which the position of the power transmission pin changes with respect to the point of engagement between the planetary gear and the internal gear.
For example, the tool may be constructed such that when the planetary gear engages with the internal gear in the front end or rear end region of the internal gear in the axial direction of the tool bit, the power transmission pin is located at or near the point of such engagement. With this construction, when the planetary gear revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear, the power transmission pin can revolve having linear motion components in the axial direction of the tool bit between the front end region and the rear end region of the internal gear. In other words, with such construction, the stroke of the linear motion components of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit can become longer.
Otherwise, the tool may be alternatively constructed, for example, such that when the planetary gear engages with the internal gear in the front end or rear end region of the internal gear in the axial direction of the tool bit, the power transmission pin is located on the circumferential edge region of the planetary gear which is opposed to the point of such engagement. With this construction, when the planetary gear revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear, the power transmission pin can revolve having linear motion components in the axial direction of the tool bit on the region of the planetary gear which is opposed to the above-mentioned point of engagement. With such construction, the stroke of the linear motion components of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit can be shorter. In this case, if the diameter of the planetary gear is chosen to be about the half of the diameter of revolution of the planetary gear along the internal gear, even though the planetary gear revolves along the internal gear, the power transmission pin, which is located on the side of the planetary gear which is opposed to the point of the engagement, hardly has any linear motion component in the axial direction of the tool bit. Thus, the stroke of the linear motion components of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit can be substantially made zero.
Thus, the relative position of the power transmission pin can be changed with respect to the point of engagement between the internal gear and the planetary gear by eccentrically disposing the power transmission pin on the planetary gear and as a result, allowing the internal gear to rotate. Such positional change can be utilized to change the linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit. The state in which the “linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit is changed” suitably includes the state in which the linear stroke becomes zero as well as the state in which it increases and decreases.
According to the present invention, the relative position of the power transmission pin may be changed in relation to the load applied to the tool bit, so that the linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit can be changed. Therefore, in various driving mechanisms utilizing such a linear stroke of the power transmission pin, the stroke of driven objects (objects to be driven) such as the tool bit and the counter weight can be changed. Particularly, because the stroke of the driven objects can be changed in relation to the load applied to the tool bit, the stroke of the driven objects can be changed according to the operating conditions, such as whether the tool bit is in performing operation onto the workpiece or whether the tool bit is being driven under loaded conditions or unloaded conditions. As a result, driving control in the reciprocating power tool can be efficiently achieved.
Thus, the representative mechanism can be applied to various functional elements of the reciprocating power tool. For example, such mechanism can be utilized as a starting clutch in an electric hammer and other similar power tools, if it is configured such that the stroke of the tool bit becomes zero when a load is not applied to the tool bit. Further, in this case, the tool bit can be drivingly controlled without increasing and decreasing the rotating output of the driving motor, but simply by changing the relative position of the power transmission pin. Therefore, the starting characteristics of the tool bit can be improved.
Preferably, the linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit may be utilized in the driving mechanism of the tool bit. Specifically, the tool bit may comprise a hammer bit that performs a hammering operation on the workpiece by receiving a striking force of a striker. Further, the power transmission pin may be connected to a crank arm that serves to drive the striker linearly in the axial direction of the hammer bit. With such construction, the relative position of the power transmission pin is changed in relation to the load applied to the hammer bit. As a result, the linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the hammer bit can be changed as appropriate.
Preferably, the linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit may be utilized in a driving mechanism for a counter weight. The counter weight may typically serve to reduce or alleviate vibration when the tool bit is driven. Specifically, the tool bit may comprise a hammer bit that performs a hammering operation on the workpiece by receiving a striking force of a striker. The power transmission pin serves to drive the counter weight that reciprocates in a direction opposite to the direction of the reciprocating motion of the striker. With such construction, the relative position of the power transmission pin can be changed in relation to the load applied to the hammer bit. Thus, the linear stroke of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the hammer bit can be changed and the stroke of the counter weight in the hammering operation can be changed as appropriate. As a result, the performance of reducing vibration when the tool bit is driven can be changed as appropriate according to the operating conditions.
Particularly in the present invention, because the stroke of the counter weight in the hammering operation can be changed in relation to the load applied to the hammer bit, the amount of vibration reduction by the counter weight and further, the presence or absence of vibration reduction by the counter weight can be automatically controlled between the loaded driving conditions, in which a load is applied to the hammer bit, and the unloaded driving conditions, in which no load is applied to the hammer bit.
As a result, the representative reciprocating power tool may be adapted such that the internal gear is allowed to rotate in relation to a load applied to the tool bit, whereby when the planetary gear engages with the internal gear in the front end or rear end region of the internal gear in the axial direction of the tool bit, the power transmission pin is located in or near the point of such engagement.
With this construction, when the planetary gear revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear, the power transmission pin can move linearly in the axial direction of the tool bit between the front end region and the rear end region of the internal gear. Thus, a longer stroke of the linear motion of the power transmission pin can be ensured in the axial direction of the tool bit.
Further, the representative reciprocating power tool may preferably be adapted such that the internal gear is allowed to rotate according to a load applied to the tool bit, whereby when the planetary gear engages the internal gear in the front end or rear end region of the internal gear in the axial direction of the tool bit, the power transmission pin is located on the circumferential edge region of the planetary gear which is opposed to the point of such engagement.
With this construction, when the planetary gear revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear, the power transmission pin can move linearly in the axial direction of the tool bit in the region of the planetary gear which is opposed to the above-mentioned point of engagement. With such construction, the stroke of the linear motion components of the power transmission pin in the axial direction of the tool bit can become shorter.
Moreover, the representative reciprocating power tool may preferably be adapted such that the diameter of the planetary gear is chosen to be about the half of the diameter of revolution of the planetary gear along the internal gear.
With this construction, it can be readily arranged such that, even though the planetary gear revolves along the internal gear, the power transmission pin substantially has no linear motion components in the axial direction of the tool bit when it is located on the side of the planetary gear which is opposed to the point of the engagement. Thus, the stroke of the linear motion components can be made substantially zero.
Each of the additional features and method steps disclosed above and below may be utilized separately or in conjunction with other features and method steps to provide improved reciprocating power tools and method for using such reciprocating power tools and devices utilized therein. Representative examples of the present invention, which examples utilized many of these additional features and method steps in conjunction, will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. This detailed description is merely intended to teach a person skilled in the art further details for practicing preferred aspects of the present teachings and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Only the claims define the scope of the claimed invention. Therefore, combinations of features and steps disclosed within the following detailed description may not be necessary to practice the invention in the broadest sense, and are instead taught merely to particularly describe some representative examples of the invention, which detailed description will now be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(First Embodiment)
A representative hammer according to a first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.
The motor housing 105 houses a driving motor 121. The gear housing 107 houses a power transmission mechanism 131, an air cylinder mechanism 133 and a striking force transmission mechanism 135. A tool holder 137 for holding the hammer bit 113 is disposed within the gear housing 107 on the end (left end as viewed in
The tool holder 137 holds the hammer bit 113 in such a manner that the hammer bit 113 can reciprocate with respect to the tool holder 137 in its axial direction and is prevented from relatively rotate in its circumferential direction. Within the region between the right end (as viewed in
The speed change gear 141 engages a gear portion 125 of the output shaft 123 of the driving motor 121. The gear shaft 143 rotates together with the speed change gear 141. The gear shaft support bearing 145 rotatably supports the gear shaft 143. The eccentric pin 147 is integrally formed with the speed change gear 141 in a position displaced a predetermined distance from the center of rotation of the gear shaft 143.
Further, the power transmission mechanism 131 includes a planetary gear 151, an internal gear 153, a notch (recess) 154 and a crank arm driving pin 155. The planetary gear 151 is fitted on the eccentric pin 147. The internal gear 153 is disposed such that the internal teeth of the internal gear 153 engage the external teeth of the planetary gear 151. The notch 154 is formed in the outer circumferential portion of the internal gear 153 and can engage with the internal gear rotation control device 181. The crank arm driving pin 155 is integrally and eccentrically formed on the speed change gear 141. Normally, the internal gear 153 allows the planetary gear 151 to revolve along the internal periphery of the internal gear in meshing engagement, while the internal gear itself is prevented from rotating.
In this embodiment, the outer teeth diameter of the planetary gear 151 is chosen to be about the half of the diameter of revolution of the planetary gear 151 along the internal gear 153. The crank arm driving pin 155 is connected to one end of a crank arm 159 via a support bearing 157. The other end of the crank arm 159 is connected to a driver 163 via a connecting pin 161. The driver 163 is disposed within a bore of a cylinder 165 that forms the air cylinder mechanism 133 (see
Driver 163 slides within the cylinder 165 so as to linearly drive a striker, which is not shown, by a so-called air spring function. As a result, the driver 163 generates impact loads upon the hammer bit 113 as shown in
Representative hammer 101 according to this embodiment is constructed as described above. Operation and usage of the hammer 101 will now be explained. First, operation under loaded driving conditions, or, in the driving mode in which a load is applied on the hammer bit 113 of the hammer 101 shown in
Under loaded driving conditions, the slide sleeve 189 moves rightward as viewed in the drawings against a biasing force of the slide sleeve biasing spring 191 by the reaction force against the hammer bit 113 pressed to the workpiece. The slide sleeve 189 is connected to the internal gear rotation control device 181 via the connecting rod 187. The engaging portion connecting spring 193 is fitted around the connecting rod 187. When the slide sleeve 189 moves rightward (as viewed in the drawings) by the pressing force applied to the hammer bit 113, the internal gear rotation control device 181 also moves rightward. Then, the first engaging portion 183 of the internal gear rotation control device 181 engages with a notch 154a of the internal gear 153, thereby preventing rotation of the internal gear 153.
In this state, the crank arm driving pin 155 is located near the point of engagement of the planetary gear 151 with the internal gear 153. When the eccentric pin 147 revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear 153, the planetary gear 151 also revolves as shown in
Under loaded driving conditions, as will be understood from comparison between
Next, operation under unloaded driving conditions or in the driving mode in which no load is applied to the hammer bit 113 will now be explained with reference to
The first engaging portion 183 of the internal gear rotation control device 181 then disengages from the notch 154a of the internal gear 153. At the instant of such disengagement of the first engaging portion 183, the internal gear 153 rotates by the torque of the speed change gear 141 (
As a result, the relative position of the crank arm driving pin 155 changes with respect to the point of engagement between the planetary gear 151 and the internal gear 153. From such a changed state, when the eccentric pin 147 revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear 153, the planetary gear 151 also revolves with respect to the internal gear 153 as shown in
The planetary gear 151 then revolves with respect to the internal gear 153 as shown in
In this embodiment, the outer teeth diameter of the planetary gear 151 is chosen to be about the half of the diameter of revolution of the planetary gear 151 along the internal gear 153. Even though the planetary gear 151 revolves along the internal gear 153, the apparent stroke of the crank arm driving pin 155, which is located on the side diametrically opposed to the point of engagement between the planetary gear 151 and the internal gear 153, is zero in the axial direction of the hammer 101.
As a result, under unloaded driving conditions, even if the planetary gear 151 revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear 153, the crank arm driving pin 155 does not move in the axial direction of the hammer 101 (rightward and leftward as viewed in the drawings). In other words, under unloaded driving conditions, even though the driving motor 121 is driven and the planetary gear 151 revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear 153, the crank arm driving pin 155 cannot drive the crank arm 159 in the axial direction of the hammer 101. Thus, the hammer driving force is not transmitted to the hammer bit 113.
Hammer 101 according to the present embodiment is configured to have a function of a starting clutch that the output of the driving motor is transmitted to the hammer bit 113 by switching from the unloaded driving mode to the loaded driving mode.
According to this embodiment, the internal gear 142 is allowed to rotate in relation to the load applied to the hammer 113. The relative position of the crank arm driving pin 155 changes with respect to the point of engagement between the planetary gear 151 and the internal gear 153. Thus, the linear stroke of the crank arm 159 can be changed, so that the hammer bit 113 can be efficiently drivingly controlled in the hammer 101.
(Second Embodiment)
A representative hammer 201 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in
The representative hammer 201 comprises a driving motor 221, a power transmission mechanism 231 and a counter weight driving device 266 for driving a counter weight 275. The power transmission mechanism 231 transmits the rotating output of the driving motor 221 to a hammer bit 213 that is coupled to a hammer bit mounting chuck 209.
In the region between the right end (as viewed in
Further, the eccentric pin 247 is connected to a counter weight driving crank 267 by loosely engaging in the eccentric pin receiving recess 268. The eccentric pin 247 causes the counter weight driving crank 267 to rotate. A planetary gear 271 is eccentrically disposed in a position displaced by a predetermined distance from the center of rotation of the counter weight driving crank 267. An internal gear 269 engages with a first engaging portion 283 of the internal gear rotation control device 281 and is thus prevented from rotating. The internal gear 269 is fitted in the counter weight driving crank 267. The internal gear 269 is in contact with the counter weight driving crank 267, so that the rotation of the counter weight driving crank 267 is transmitted to the internal gear 269. However, the internal gear 269 is normally prevented from rotating by the first engaging portion 283 (or second engaging portion 283) engaging the internal gear 269. The counter weight driving crank 267 functions as a “carrier” in this embodiment.
A counter weight driving pin 273 is eccentrically disposed in a position displaced a predetermined distance from the center of rotation of the planetary gear 271. The counter weight driving pin 273 is a feature that corresponds to the “power transmission pin” according to the present invention. The upper end portion of the counter weight driving pin 273 is loosely fitted in and connected to the counter weight 275.
The representative hammer 201 according to the second embodiment is constructed as described above. Operation and usage of the hammer 201 will now be explained. Under loaded driving conditions as mentioned above, as shown in
Eccentric pin 247 revolves around the rotation axis of the gear shaft 243, which causes the counter weight driving crank 267 to rotate. At this time, the internal gear 269 receives the torque of the counter weight driving crank 267. However, the internal gear 269 is prevented from rotating by the first engaging portion 283 that is in engagement with the internal gear 269.
As a result, the planetary gear 271, which is eccentrically disposed on the counter weight driving crank 267, revolves along the internal teeth of the internal gear 269. Thus, the counter weight driving pin 273, which is eccentrically disposed on the planetary gear 271, revolves around the central axis of the planetary gear 271. Although it is not particularly shown, a slot is formed in the counter weight 275 and extends in the direction crossing its longitudinal direction. The counter weight 275 receives only the axial motion components of the driving pin 273 and thus moves linearly. The counter weight 275 reciprocates in a position parallel to the striker that is driven by the crank arm 259 and serves to effectively reduce and alleviate the vibration of the striker.
The relative positional relationship of the counter weight driving pin 273 with respect to the point of engagement between the planetary gear 271 and the internal gear 269 under loaded driving conditions in this embodiment substantially corresponds to the states as shown in
Under unloaded driving conditions of the hammer 201, the reaction force is not generated against the hammer bit 213 that is pressed to the workpiece. Therefore, the slide sleeve 289 moves leftward (as viewed in
At the time of such disengagement of the first engaging portion 283, the internal gear 269 comes to rotate by the torque of the counter weight driving crank 267 having been applied to the internal gear 269. The internal gear 253 rotates 90 degrees until the second internal gear engaging portion 285 engages with a notch formed on the diametrically opposite side of the internal gear 269. As a result, the relative position of the counter weight driving pin 273 changes with respect to the point of engagement between the planetary gear 271 and the internal gear 269. Such relative positional relationship as changed under unloaded driving conditions substantially corresponds to the states shown in
Thus, under unloaded driving conditions, even if the counter weight driving crank 267 rotates and thus the planetary gear 271 revolves along the internal periphery of the internal gear 269, the counter weight driving pin 273 does not have a motion component in the axial direction of the hammer 201 (rightward and leftward as viewed in the drawings). In other words, under unloaded driving conditions, the counter weight 275 cannot be driven. In the hammer 201 according to the present embodiment, the counter weight 275 is driven by the output of the driving motor by switching from the unloaded driving mode to the loaded driving mode. Therefore, in the hammer 201 of this embodiment, the counter weight can be automatically controlled according to the driving states of the hammer 201. Thus, the vibration can be efficiently reduced and alleviated.
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| 2003-005144 | Jan 2003 | JP | national |
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