The instant application contains a Sequence Listing which has been submitted electronically in ASCII format and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Said ASCII copy, created on Feb. 2, 2017, is named 010498_00906-WO_SL.txt and is 161,995 bytes in size.
The present invention relates in general to genome editing methods that use foreign recombinases.
Oligonucleotide-mediated recombination is used for genome engineering (see Carr and Church 2009) where mutation-encoding oligonucleotides modify the genome without the need for site-specific DNA-binding proteins. Such techniques may be used to generate large complex libraries of genetic variants. Such techniques may also be used to generate complex, user-defined genotypes at high efficiency in E. coli. (see Wang et al., 2009). Oligo-mediated recombination has enabled multiple synthetic biology applications such as genetically recoded organisms (Lajoie et al., 2013) and sensor-based metabolic pathway optimization (Raman et al., 2014).
Efforts at recombineering (i.e., recombination-mediated genetic engineering) (are present in (Van Pijkeren and Britton, 2012), (van Pijkeren et al., 2012), (van Kessel and Hatfull, 2007), (Binder et al., 2013), (Datta et al., 2008). In E. coli, oligo-mediated targeting is most commonly done via λ Red recombineering, where an oligo preferentially anneals to the lagging strand of the genome during DNA replication and incorporates into the daughter strand (Ellis et al., 2001a). This system is based on the phage λ Red operon normally expressed during the phage's lytic growth (Poteete, 2001) and promotes high-efficiency, targeted recombination between linear, single-stranded (Mosberg et al., 2010) DNA (ssDNA) and the host chromosome. The λ Red operon is composed of Red α, β and γ, also known as exo (a 5′→3′ exonuclease), beta (a single stranded annealing protein [SSAP]), and gam (a RecBCD nuclease complex inhibitor), respectively. λ β is necessary and sufficient to recombine ssDNA into the E. coli chromosome and itself improves recombination rates in by 1E4-fold (Ellis et al., 2001b). The β-mediated recombination is based on the input ssDNA both directing proper targeting and encoding mutations of interest.
The disclosure provides methods of optimizing genome editing in organisms, such as bacteria. The disclosure provides for the identification of recombinases that can be used for genome editing in organisms, such as bacteria. A recombinase may also be referred to herein as a single strand annealing protein. Genome editing includes the use of a recombinase to recombine genomic DNA to include a donor nucleic acid sequence such as a single stranded DNA (ssDNA). Such genome editing may be known in the art as “recombineering.” The disclosure provides for the identification and use of components sufficient to produce introduction of a foreign nucleic acid sequence into the genome of a cell. One or more or all of such components may be foreign to the cell. Such components include a recombinase (also referred to as a single strand annealing protein or SSAP) and a single-strand binding protein. The disclosure provides for the identification of one or more pairs of a recombinase and a single-stranded binding protein that can be used in genome editing to incorporate an ssDNA into a genome. A single stranded binding protein (SSB) or a single stranded annealing protein (SSAP) is one that participates in replication, repair or recombination. An exemplary recombinase used for recombineering is λ Red as described in (Carr et al., 2012; Lajoie et al., 2012; Miki et al., 2008; Mosberg et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2009, 2011). An exemplary single-stranded binding protein is single-strand DNA-binding protein (SSB), an example of which is found in E. coli. See Meyer R R, Laine P S (December 1990), Microbiol. Rev. 54 (4): 342-80. Other exemplary recombinases or single-strand DNA-binding proteins may be found in other bacteria and viruses. The disclosure provides that either one or both of a recombinase and a corresponding single-stranded binding protein is foreign to the organism which uses them for genome editing or into which they are provided. According to one aspect, the recombinase and a corresponding single-stranded binding protein are provided to a cell as native species or as a nucleic acid encoding the recombinase or the corresponding single-stranded binding protein for expression within the cell. The disclosure provides a method of genome editing by including one or more or both of a recombinase and a corresponding single-stranded DNA-binding protein into a cell where one or more or both of a recombinase and a corresponding single-stranded DNA binding protein is foreign to the cell and where a donor nucleic acid sequence is introduced into the genome of the cell. The disclosure provides that the combination of a recombinase and a corresponding single-stranded DNA binding protein provide the minimal functional units used by a cell to insert ssDNA into its genome. The recombinase and a corresponding single-stranded DNA binding protein may be evolved from the same or different organisms. However, at least one is foreign to the cell into which they are provided or are otherwise present.
The disclosure provides a library-based method of identifying candidate single-stranded annealing proteins for use in oligo-recombination. The disclosure provides a library-based method of identifying candidate single-stranded annealing proteins from various and diverse organisms for use in oligo-recombination.
The disclosure provides a method by which β anneals complementary ssDNA pre-coated with SSB which is dependent on the C-terminal 8 amino acid tail of SSB. The disclosure provides a method by which the C-terminus of λ β is involved in its interaction with SSB. The disclosure provides a method of co-expressing a low-activity SSAP and its corresponding SSB to achieve oligo recombination. The λ β-SSB is a minimal functional unit of recombination and constitutes a host interaction node regulating recombination frequencies.
Further features and advantages of certain embodiments of the present invention will become more fully apparent in the following description of embodiments and drawings thereof, and from the claims.
The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee. The foregoing and other features and advantages of the present embodiments will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
The present disclosure provides methods of in vivo or ex vivo recombination-mediated genetic engineering including providing a cell, such as a prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell, with a recombinase and a single strand binding protein (i.e., single strand nucleic acid binding protein or a single strand DNA binding protein) and a donor nucleic acid (i.e., a single stranded nucleic acid, a single stranded DNA, a double stranded nucleic acid or a double stranded DNA), wherein either one or both of the recombinase and a single strand binding protein are foreign to the cell in which they are present. The pair of the recombinase and the single strand binding protein, in combination with the host cell's translational machinery, is sufficient to insert an ssDNA sequence into a target nucleic acid sequence within the cell.
The present disclosure provides methods of in vitro recombination-mediated genetic engineering including providing in a suitable in vitro environment a target nucleic acid sequence, a target cell's translational machinery (i.e., those proteins and other components responsible for translation within the cell), a recombinase and a single strand binding protein (i.e., single strand nucleic acid binding protein or a single strand DNA binding protein) and a donor nucleic acid (i.e., a single stranded nucleic acid, a single stranded DNA, a double stranded nucleic acid or a double stranded DNA), wherein either one or both of the recombinase and a single strand binding protein are foreign to the cell. The pair of the recombinase and the single strand binding protein, in combination with the host cell's translational machinery, is sufficient to insert an ssDNA sequence into a target nucleic acid sequence.
Cells according to the present disclosure include any cell into which foreign nucleic acids can be introduced and expressed as described herein. It is to be understood that the basic concepts of the present disclosure described herein are not limited by cell type. Cells according to the present disclosure include eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells, animal cells, plant cells, fungal cells, bacteria cells, archaeal cells, eubacterial cells and the like. Cells include eukaryotic cells such as yeast cells, plant cells, and animal cells. Particular cells include mammalian cells and human cells. Particular cells include stem cells, such as pluripotent stem cells, such as human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Target nucleic acids include any nucleic acid sequence into which a donor nucleic acid can be inserted or introduced or otherwise included. Target nucleic acids include genes. For purposes of the present disclosure, DNA, such as double stranded DNA, can include the target nucleic acid. Such target nucleic acids can include endogenous (or naturally occurring) nucleic acids and exogenous (or foreign) nucleic acids. The target nucleic acid sequence may be replicating DNA such as genomic DNA, mitochondrial DNA, viral DNA, exogenous DNA, a plasmid, a bacteriophage genome and other replicating DNA known to those of skill in the art.
The donor nucleic acid includes any nucleic acid to be inserted into a nucleic acid sequence as described herein. Foreign or exogenous nucleic acids (i.e. those which are not part of a cell's natural nucleic acid composition) may be introduced into a cell using any method known to those skilled in the art for such introduction. Such methods include transfection, transduction, viral transduction, microinjection, lipofection, nucleofection, nanoparticle bombardment, transformation, conjugation and the like. One of skill in the art will readily understand and adapt such methods using readily identifiable literature sources.
Standard recombinant DNA and molecular cloning techniques used herein are well known in the art and are described in Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F. and Maniatis, T., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed.; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory: Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., (1989) and by Silhavy, T. J., Bennan, M. L. and Enquist, L. W., Experiments with Gene Fusions; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory: Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., (1984); and by Ausubel, F. M. et. al., Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Greene Publishing and Wiley-Interscience (1987) each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Additional useful methods are described in manuals including Advanced Bacterial Genetics (Davis, Roth and Botstein, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1980), Experiments with Gene Fusions (Silhavy, Berman and Enquist, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1984), Experiments in Molecular Genetics (Miller, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1972) Experimental Techniques in Bacterial Genetics (Maloy, in Jones and Bartlett, 1990), and A Short Course in Bacterial Genetics (Miller, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 1992) each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Microorganisms may be genetically modified to delete genes or incorporate genes by methods known to those of skill in the art. Vectors and plasmids useful for transformation of a variety of host cells are common and commercially available from companies such as Invitrogen Corp. (Carlsbad, Calif.), Stratagene (La Jolla, Calif.), New England Biolabs, Inc. (Beverly, Mass.) and Addgene (Cambridge, Mass.).
Typically, the vector or plasmid contains sequences directing transcription and translation of a relevant gene or genes, a selectable marker, and sequences allowing autonomous replication or chromosomal integration. Suitable vectors comprise a region 5′ of the gene which harbors transcriptional initiation controls and a region 3′ of the DNA fragment which controls transcription termination. Both control regions may be derived from genes homologous to the transformed host cell, although it is to be understood that such control regions may also be derived from genes that are not native to the species chosen as a production host.
Initiation control regions or promoters, which are useful to drive expression of the relevant pathway coding regions in the desired host cell are numerous and familiar to those skilled in the art. Virtually any promoter capable of driving these genetic elements is suitable for the present invention including, but not limited to, lac, ara, tet, trp, IPL, IPR, T7, tac, and trc (useful for expression in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas); the amy, apr, npr promoters and various phage promoters useful for expression in Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus licheniformis; nisA (useful for expression in Gram-positive bacteria, Eichenbaum et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64(8):2763-2769 (1998)); and the synthetic P11 promoter (useful for expression in Lactobacillus plantarum, Rud et al., Microbiology 152:1011-1019 (2006)). Termination control regions may also be derived from various genes native to the preferred hosts.
Certain vectors are capable of replicating in a broad range of host bacteria and can be transferred by conjugation. The complete and annotated sequence of pRK404 and three related vectors-pRK437, pRK442, and pRK442(H) are available. These derivatives have proven to be valuable tools for genetic manipulation in Gram-negative bacteria (Scott et al., Plasmid 50(1):74-79 (2003)). Several plasmid derivatives of broad-host-range Inc P4 plasmid RSF1010 are also available with promoters that can function in a range of Gram-negative bacteria. Plasmid pAYC36 and pAYC37, have active promoters along with multiple cloning sites to allow for the heterologous gene expression in Gram-negative bacteria.
Chromosomal gene replacement tools are also widely available. For example, a thermosensitive variant of the broad-host-range replicon pWV101 has been modified to construct a plasmid pVE6002 which can be used to create gene replacement in a range of Gram-positive bacteria (Maguin et al., J. Bacteriol. 174(17):5633-5638 (1992)). Additionally, in vitro transposomes are available to create random mutations in a variety of genomes from commercial sources such as EPICENTRE® (Madison, Wis.).
Vectors useful for the transformation of E. coli are common and commercially available. For example, the desired genes may be isolated from various sources, cloned onto a modified pUC19 vector and transformed into E. coli host cells. Alternatively, the genes encoding a desired biosynthetic pathway may be divided into multiple operons, cloned onto expression vectors, and transformed into various E. coli strains.
The Lactobacillus genus belongs to the Lactobacillales family and many plasmids and vectors used in the transformation of Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus may be used for Lactobacillus. Non-limiting examples of suitable vectors include pAM.beta.1 and derivatives thereof (Renault et al., Gene 183:175-182 (1996); and O'Sullivan et al., Gene 137:227-231 (1993)); pMBB1 and pHW800, a derivative of pMBB1 (Wyckoff et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:1481-1486 (1996)); pMG1, a conjugative plasmid (Tanimoto et al., J. Bacteriol. 184:5800-5804 (2002)); pNZ9520 (Kleerebezem et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:4581-4584 (1997)); pAM401 (Fujimoto et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67:1262-1267 (2001)); and pAT392 (Arthur et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 38:1899-1903 (1994)). Several plasmids from Lactobacillus plantarum have also been reported (van Kranenburg R, Golic N, Bongers R, Leer R J, de Vos W M, Siezen R J, Kleerebezem M. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2005 March; 71(3): 1223-1230), which may be used for transformation.
Initiation control regions or promoters, which are useful to drive expression of the relevant pathway coding regions in the desired Lactobacillus host cell, may be obtained from Lactobacillus or other lactic acid bacteria, or other Gram-positive organisms. A non-limiting example is the nisA promoter from Lactococcus. Termination control regions may also be derived from various genes native to the preferred hosts or related bacteria.
The various genes for a desired pathway may be assembled into any suitable vector or vectors, such as those described above. A single vector need not include all of the genetic material encoding a complete pathway. One or more or a plurality of vectors may be used in any aspect of genetically modifying a cell as described herein. The codons can be optimized for expression based on the codon index deduced from the genome sequences of the host strain, such as for Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus arizonensis. The plasmids may be introduced into the host cell using methods known in the art, such as electroporation, as described in any one of the following references: Cruz-Rodz et al. (Molecular Genetics and Genomics 224:1252-154 (1990)), Bringel and Hubert (Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 33: 664-670 (1990)), and Teresa Alegre, Rodriguez and Mesas (FEMS Microbiology Letters 241:73-77 (2004)). Plasmids can also be introduced to Lactobacillus plantatrum by conjugation (Shrago, Chassy and Dobrogosz Appl. Environ. Micro. 52: 574-576 (1986)). The desired pathway genes can also be integrated into the chromosome of Lactobacillus using integration vectors (Hols et al. Appl. Environ. Micro. 60:1401-1403 (1990); Jang et al. Micro. Lett. 24:191-195 (2003)).
Microorganisms which may serve as host cells and which may be genetically modified to produce recombinant microorganisms as described herein may include one or members of the genera Clostridium, Escherichia, Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Lactobacillus Saccharomyces, and Enterococcus. Particularly suitable microorganisms include Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Exemplary genus and species of bacteria cells for use in the methods described herein, for use in identifying corresponding phage, or for otherwise carrying out recombination-mediated genetic engineering include Acetobacter aurantius, Acinetobacter bitumen, Actinomyces israelii, Agrobacterium radiobacter, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Anaplasma Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azotobacter vinelandii, viridans streptococci, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus fusiformis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacteroides, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides gingivalis, Bacteroides melaninogenicus (also referred to as Prevotella melaninogenica), Bartonella, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella quintana, Bordetella, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Bordetella pertussis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, Burkholderia, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Burkholderia cepacia, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, Campylobacter, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter pylori, Chlamydia, Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydophila Chlamydophila pneumoniae (also known as Chlamydia pneumoniae) Chlamydophila psittaci (also known as Chlamydia psittaci), Clostridium, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens (also known as Clostridium welchii), Clostridium tetani, Corynebacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium fusiforme, Coxiella burnetii, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus, Enterococcus avium, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus galllinarum, Enterococcus maloratus, Escherichia coli, Francisella tularensis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Gardnerella vaginalis, Haemophilus, Haemophilus ducreyi, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus pertussis, Haemophilus vaginalis, Helicobacter pylori, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactococcus lactis, Legionella pneumophila, Listeria monocytogenes, Methanobacterium extroquens, Microbacterium multiforme, Micrococcus luteus, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium diphtheriae, Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium lepraemurium, Mycobacterium phlei, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma, Mycoplasma fermentans, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma penetrans, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Neisseria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Pasteurella, Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella tularensis, Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella melaninogenica (also known as Bacteroides melaninogenicus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Rhizobium radiobacter, Rickettsia, Rickettsia prowazekii, Rickettsia psittaci, Rickettsia quintana, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia trachomae, Rochalimaea, Rochalimaea henselae, Rochalimaea quintana, Rothia dentocariosa, Salmonella, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium, Serratia marcescens, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Streptococcus Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus avium, Streptococcus bovis, Streptococcus cricetus, Streptococcus faceium, Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus ferus, Streptococcus gallinarum, Streptococcus lactis, Streptococcus mitior, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus rattus, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus sobrinus, Treponema, Treponema pallidum, Treponema denticola, Vibrio, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio comma, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, Wolbachia, Yersinia, Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pestis, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and other genus and species known to those of skill in the art.
Exemplary genus and species of yeast cells for use in the methods described herein, or for otherwise carrying out recombination-mediated genetic engineering include Saccharomyces, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torula, Saccharomyces boulardii, Schizosaccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Candida, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Yarrowia, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei, Saccharomyces pastorianus, Brettanomyces, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, Pichia, Pichia guilliermondii, Cryptococcus, Cryptococcus gattii, Torulaspora, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Zygosaccharomyces, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Candida lusitaniae, Candida stellata, Geotrichum, Geotrichum candidum, Pichia pastoris, Kluyveromyces, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Candida dubliniensis, Kluyveromyces, Kluyveromyces lactis, Trichosporon, Trichosporon uvarum, Eremothecium, Eremothecium gossypii, Pichia stipitis, Candida milleri, Ogataea, Ogataea polymorpha, Candida oleophilia, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Candida albicans, Leucosporidium, Leucosporidium frigidum, Candida viswanathii, Candida blankii, Saccharaomyces telluris, Saccharomyces florentinus, Sporidiobolus, Sporidiobolus salmonicolor, Dekkera, Dekkera anomala, Lachancea, Lachancea kluyveri, Trichosporon, Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans, Rhodotorula, Rhodotorula rubra, Saccharomyces exiguus, Sporobolomyces koalae, and Trichosporon cutaneum, and other genus and species known to those of skill in the art.
Exemplary genus and species of fungal cells for use in the methods described herein, or for otherwise carrying out recombination-mediated genetic engineering include Sac fungi, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, Chtridiomycota, Basidiomycetes, Hyphomycetes, Glomeromycota, Microsporidia, Blastocladiomycota, and Neocallimastigomycota, and other genus and species known to those of skill in the art.
Exemplary recombinases for use in the recombineering methods described herein are listed in Tables 1-6. Exemplary single strand binding proteins for use in the recombineering methods described herein are listed in Table 7. Table 8 is an exemplary list of single stranded binding homologs corresponding to the protein sequences referenced by Uniprot IDs. Exemplary pairs of single strand binding proteins and recombinases include SSB (WP_003669492.1) and DNA recombination protein 1 from Lactobacillus reuteri (WP_003668036.1); SSB (WP_011835834.1) from Lactococcus lactis and phage recombination protein bet from lactococcus phage phi31.1; SSB (WP_011015545.1) from Corynebacterium glutamicum and gp61 (NP_817738.1) from Mycobacteriophage Che9c; SSB (WP_003400534.1) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and gp61 (NP_817738.1) from Mycobacteriophage Che9c; SSB (WP_011269089.1) and recT (YP_235897.1) from Pseudomonas syringae; and SSB (CQR83440.1) and λ β itself from Escherichia coli K-12 sp MG1655.
The disclosure provides the use of Multiplex Automated Genome Engineering (MAGE) to enable multiplexed genomic mutations in Escherichia coli. See Wang, H. H. et al. 2009. Programming cells by multiplex genome engineering and accelerated evolution. Nature. 460, 7257 (August 2009), 894-8 hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety; Wang, H. H. et al. 2012. Genome-scale promoter engineering by co-selection MAGE. Nature methods. 9, 6 (June 2012), 591-3; Lajoie, M. J. et al. 2013. Probing the limits of genetic recoding in essential genes. Science (New York, N.Y.). 342, 6156 (October 2013), 361-3; Lajoie, M. J. et al. 2013. Genomically recoded organisms expand biological functions. Science (New York, N. Y). 342, 6156 (October 2013), 357-60 each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
The disclosure provides the use of MAGE with the λ Red recombinase, λ β (Bet), a viral recombinase or homologs thereof or proteins having similar function to λ β (Bet), that when ectopically expressed improves the efficiency of recombination of single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides into the bacterial genome. See Lajoie, M. J. et al. 2012. Manipulating replisome dynamics to enhance lambda Red-mediated multiplex genome engineering. Nucleic acids research. 40, 22 (December 2012), e170 hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The disclosure provides a method referred to herein as Serial Evolutionary Enrichment for Recombinases (SEER) that enables the rapid discovery of Bet variants for use with MAGE in certain prokaryotic strains. A library of Bet homologs was built with homology searches across all known prokaryotic proteins, and curated to ensure large diversity (200 homologs). This library was then subjected to six successive rounds of selection in E. coli for improved recombineering activity, and characterized. Improved Bet homologs may be used for recomineering in Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus reuteri and Corynebacterium glutamicum.
The present disclosure provides that the molecular basis of Bet's recombinase function includes interaction with E. coli's single-stranded binding protein (SSB). Bet acts to specifically unload SSB from SSB-coated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). This then enables strand-strand annealing, which is the mechanism by which ssDNA is incorporated into the replication fork in Bet-mediated recombineering. The present disclosure provides that an SSB taken from the same host organism as the Bet recombinase homolog improves the functioning of the Bet homolog in E. coli. Accordingly, the recombinase and/or the single strand binding protein are foreign to the cell in which they are present while facilitating incorporation of a donor nucleic acid into a target nucleic acid.
The following examples are set forth as being representative of the present disclosure. These examples are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure as these and other equivalent embodiments will be apparent in view of the present disclosure, figures and accompanying claims.
The strains used in this work were derived from EcNR2 (EcNR2.dnaG_Q576A.tolC_mut.mutS::cat_mut.dlambda::zeoR) (Wang et al., 2009). Strains were grown in liquid culture using the Lennox formulation of lysogeny broth (LBL) (Lennox, 1955) with the appropriate selective agents: carbenicillin (50 μg/mL), chloramphenicol (20 μg/mL), SDS (0.005% w/v), zeocin (100 μg/mL).
Oligonucleotides were identified. PCR products used in transformations and recombinations were amplified using Kapa Biosystems, High-Fidelity polymerase, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Kapa 2G Fast ready mix was used to PCR screen the correct insertion in strains. Sanger sequencing of PCR products was carried out through a 3rd party service (Genewiz, Inc.). To assemble multiple DNA sequences into a single contiguous sequence, or to assemble a circularized vector from linear vector backbone and insertion variants, isothermal assembly at 50° C. for 60 minutes was used based on published protocols (Gibson et al., 2009). When SNV variants of a given plasmid system (e.g., to introduce point mutations) were desired, the QuikChange II Lightning Kit (Agilent Technologies) was used with primers encoding the mutations of interest to generate the mutant strand, followed by dpnI-digest of the parental plasmid, according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Transformations were conducted with Zymo Research's Mix & Go DH5a Z-competent E. coli, according to the manufacturer's protocol, except for the recovery step where the culture was recovered in 1 mL of LBL for 1 hour before plating onto appropriate medium.
For recombinase discovery using the SEER method described herein and characterization, λ Red recombineering was implemented on episomal expression vector using 0.2% D-glucose to repress and 0.2% L-arabinose to induce expression (Datsenko and Wanner, 2000). An overnight growth culture was passaged 1:100 into 3 mL LBL with 0.2% D-glucose. The cultures were then incubated at 34 C with rotation until the OD600 ˜0.1 (˜1 hour). 2 mL culture was then washed twice with 2 mL water and resuspended in 2.5 mL LBL with 0.2% L-arabinose. The cultures were then induced for 45 minutes while rotating at 34° C. followed by icing the culture and washing 0.980 mL of culture twice in ice-cold sterile water. Thereafter, pellets were resuspended with 50 μl of 1 μM ssDNA oligo, or 100 ng dsDNA PCR product, or both depending on the goal of the recombination. Cultures were electroporated at 1.8 kV, 200 ohms, 25 uF and recovered in 2 mL of LBL for 2 hours.
To generate a library of candidate SSAPs, two approaches to cataloging metagenomic homologs of λ β were pursued. For the first, an iterative PSI-blast was performed using λ (NP_040617.1) as the query. Candidates exhibited a bi-modal distribution where the first was SSAP-like, with sequence lengths from 500-1,050 bp (except for 4 candidates >1,050 bp.), and were annotated as recombination protein or unknown. The second were larger genes (1,200-1,500+bp), and largely annotated as ABC-related ATP binding cassettes. The latter were removed. Any SSAP-like candidates from E. coli were removed to minimize redundancy with λ β. Identical entries were removed.
In the second approach, multiple sequence alignment of NP_040617.1 (λ β), NP_930169.1 from Photorhabdus luminescens, Q9AKZ0 from Legionella pneumophila, Q8KQW0 from Virbio cholerae, Q9MBV8 from Lactococcus phage u136.2, YP_003084246.1 from Prochlorococcus siphovirus P-SS2, NP_815795.1 (EF2132) from Enterococcus faecalis, and NP_463513.1 from Listeria phage A118 were used to generate a Hidden Markov Model that described the weighted positional variance of these proteins. Non-redundant nucleotide and environmental metagenomic databases were queried using web-based search interface (Finn et al., 2011). Candidates were filtered based on gene size and ABC ATP-binding cassette annotation. Candidates that exhibited intra-sequence similarity of greater than 98% were removed from the group.
A number of other recombinases were added for synthesis, including candidates from other model organisms that have been previously shown to function in E. coli (NP_930169.1 from Photorhabdus luminescens, Q9AKZ0 from Legionella pneumophila, Q8KQW0 from Virbio cholerae, Q9MBV8 from Lactococcus phage u136.2, YP_003084246.1 from Cyanophage P-SS2, NP_815795.1 (EF2132) from Enterococcus faecalis (Datta et al., 2008), recT from E. coli K12 (B1XAU6), CG19468 from Drosophila Melanogaster (Eisen and Camerini-Otero, 1988), C7F4E8 from Prochlorococcus siphovirus P-SS2 (Sullivan et al., 2009), and NP_040617.1 (λ β itself) (P03698). In total, a library was created that contained 72 members from the first approach, 113 members from the second, and 10 members that were rationally added for a total of 195 recombinase homologs.
To prepare the library for synthesis (Gen9, Inc.), the protein coding sequence was reverse translated using optimized codon usage tables for E. coli. Upper bounds (>70%) and lower bounds (<30%) for GC-content of 100-mer windows were set and codon usage was manually messaged to meet these requirements. ATG was used for all starts codons. TAA was used for all stop codons. Upstream of the coding sequence, 35 bp of homology was added to support assembly with the pARC8 (Choe et al., 2005) vector (5′-TTCTCCATACCTGTTTTTCTGGATGGAGTAAGACC-3′)(SEQ ID NO:1). After the stop codon, the primer sequence of a Illumina-like primer, barcode region of interest that was unique to each library member, and the hybridization site for a reverse Illumina primer to support a PCR-based library preparation for high-throughput, Illumina sequencing was added (see below). Downstream of the barcode region, 35 bp of homology was added to support assembly with the pARC8 vector (5′-ACTAGTGGGGAAGCTTATCGATGATAAGCTGTCAA-3′)(SEQ ID NO:2). As a final synthesis requirement, synthons were manually redesigned, as needed, to avoid the following sequences: GGGGG, AAAAAAAA, CCCCCCCC, TTTTTTTT, GGTCTC, GAGACC.
Sythons were pooled at equimolar ratios and assembled in a complex isothermal assembly (Gibson et al., 2009) using a linear pARC8 vector backbone, which enabled episomal expression of the recombinase candidates under 0.2% L-arabinose at a copy number ˜10. Crude assemblies were transformed into Z-competent DH5a (Zymo Research) and plated onto LBL agar containing carbenicillin to generate sufficient colonies for at least 10× coverage. The colonies were counted and scraped into LBL plus carbenicillin for plasmid preparation. To verify the diversity of any library preparation, a plasmid-limiting transformation of the complex plasmid preparation into naïve DH5a using 1 ng, 100 pg, 10 pg, and 1 pg of plasmid was performed, followed by plating onto selective agar. 96 clones were picked from the most plasmid-limited conditions and inserts were identified using the barcode region of interest.
To perform SEER (e.g., enrich for functional recombinases), oligo recombinations were leveraged to restore the coding region of a broken selectable marker followed by the respective selection as the mechanistic foundation for enrichment. In E. coli, multiple markers were used and inactivated, as such used MAGE to inactivate tolCWT, mutS::cat, and 1984000::gfp_mut3b using oligo recombinations, followed by asPCR screening or replica plating to isolate the inactivated clones. These three inactivations generated EcNR2.mutS::cat_mut.tolCWT_mut.1984000::gfp_mut3b_mut, which still contained the λ prophage and is competent for recombination. The entire prophage was then deleted in a dead-end recombination using a Δλ::zeoR PCR cassette, followed by selection on LBL agar plus zeocin to create a recombinase-deficient chassis for SEER in E. coli.
After transforming the pARC8-based libraries into the naive SEER chassis, the libraries were induced using 0.2% L-arabinose and oligo recombinations were performed to fix a broken selectable marker or a mock, water-only recombination was performed. The tolCWT_mut was fixed using tolC-Lnull_revert, followed by selection in LBL+SDS. The mutS::cat_mut was fixed using cat_CS_restore followed by selection in LBL+Cm. These two oligo recombination/selection steps constitute 2 Rounds of Enrichment (RoE), but exhausted the opportunities for selectable recombinations in the chassis. To continue, total plasmid preps were prepared from post-selection cultures after 2 RoE, and the preparation was transformed into a naïve chassis to conduct additional RoE's and facilitate convergence onto a solution.
To support rapid and deep identification of recombinases, a custom Illumina sequencing platform was designed to leverage high-fidelity PCR to amplify the barcode region directly using large library size. After the stop (TAA), the seed sequence for barcoded Illumina p7 forward adapter (GACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCT)(SEQ ID NO:3) was added, followed by two tandem 6-mer library IDs (cNNNNNNgNNNNNN)(SEQ ID NO:4), followed by the hybridization site for p5_alt (GATCGCCTAGACAACTCCTGA)(SEQ ID NO:5), a custom sequence chosen for minimal secondary structure (Kosuri et al., 2010; Xu et al., 2009). The p5_alt hyb site binds the barcoded, Illumina-compatible p5_alt reverse adapter, supporting robust amplification with few cycles. Libraries were amplified with Phusion (New England Biolabs) at 100 μL scale containing genomes from 10 μL of post-selection culture (107-108 unique clones) for 10-16 cycles. The expected amplicon size is 146 bp and follows the format 5′-AATGATACGGCGACCACCGAGATCTACACnnnnnnACACTCTTTCCCTCAGGAGTT GTCTAGGCGATCcNNNNNNgNNNNNNAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCC AGTCACnnnnnnATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGCTTG-3′ (SEQ ID NO:6), where nnnnnn are 6-mer indices added in the PCR reaction (see Table S4) (Gregg et al., 2014). Magnetic bead-associated PEG was used to cleanup reactions (Rohland and Reich, 2012). The libraries were visualized for specificity and pooled to equimolar amounts depending on the number of indices (unique experimental conditions) being sequenced. MiSeq SE50 runs were carried out using the custom read primer (ACACTCTTTCCCTCAGGAGTTGTCTAGGCGATC)(SEQ ID NO:7) and standard indexing primer, and included a 30% PhiX spike-in to mitigate sequencing of largely constant regions. A diagram depicting the entire SEER workflow is shown at
pARC8 was also leveraged for in vitro characterization and recombinant recombinase production. After cloning via isothermal assembly (Gibson et al., 2009) and adding an N-terminal 6×His tag (SEQ ID NO: 108) onto candidate proteins, the vector was transformed into NiCo21(DE3) competent E. coli (New England Biolabs). For protein production, 50 mL LBL plus 25 μg/mL chloramphenicol was inoculated with 1:100 from overnight confluent cultures, themselves grown LBL plus chloramphenicol plus 0.2% D-glucose. The 50 mL cultures were grown for 6 hours at 37° C. in LBL+chloramphenicol, then induced using 0.1% L-arabinse. Cultures were spun down at 5,000 g for 10 minutes at 4° C. and the pellets were snap frozen in a dry ice ethanol bath. The pellets were thawed, then lysed using P-BER with Enzymes (Thermo Scientific) for 10 minutes at room temperature, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Lysates were mixed 1:1 with binding buffer (40 mM Imidazole, 500 nM NaCl, 50 mM Tris pH 7.4), spun down 10 mins 5,000 g 4° C. and the soluble fraction was added to a 20 mL column pre-loaded with 2 mL His GraviTrap Ni-NTA resin (GE Healthcare) that was pre-equilibrated with binding buffer. After binding, the columns were washed twice with 20 mL of wash buffer (100 mM Imidazole, 500 nM NaCl, 50 mM Tris pH 7.4), then eluted with 4 mL of elution buffer (500 mM Imidazole, 500 nM NaCl, 50 mM Tris pH 7.4) in 1 mL fractions. Protein concentration was quantified using the Qubit system (Life Technologies), and stability and purity was checked by SDS-PAGE (Bio-rad). The purest, most concentrated fractions were pooled and buffer exchanged with Zeba desalting columns 7K MWCO (ThermoFisher Scientific) into storage buffer (200 nM NaCl, 50 mM Tris pH 7.4, 1 mM DTT). Protein preps were concentrated using Amicon Ultra-4 10K centrifugal filters (Millipore), as needed.
Fluorophore/quencher complementary oligos were ordered from IDT (5′-AGCAAGCACGCCTTAGTAACCCGGAATTGCGTAAGTCTGCCGCCGATCGTGATG CTGCCTTTGAAAAAATTAATGAAGCGCGCAGTCCA/6-FAM/-3′ (SEQ ID NO:8) and 5′-/IABkFQ/TGGACTGCGCGCTTCATTAATTTTTTCAAAGGCAGCATCACGATCGGCG GCAGACTTACGCAATTCCGGGTTACTAAGGCGTGCTTGCT-3′ (SEQ ID NO:9). For the SSB annealing assays, the 10 nM oligo solutions with 20 nM NaCl, 1 mM DTT, 50 mM Tris pH 7.4 were separately incubated with 500 nM SSB or SSBAC8 for 20 minutes at 37 C. The reactions were tracked in a Synergy H4 Hybrid Microplate Reader (Biotek) in half-area, low-bind black 96 well plates. The oligos were serially added to the plate, then the SSAP in the same buffer.
I=Fluorescence intensity at a given time is
I=F
f
I
f
+F
b
I
b
Where Ff=Free fraction, If=Free intensity, Fb=Bound fraction, Ib=Bound fraction. For a DNA annealing assay, Ff is the substrate, and Fb is the product
This calculation is independent of experimental background (B) from the reader:
Ib was estimated from the minimal steady-state fluorescence of annealed oligos in the presence of protein, while If was measured in parallel for each reaction using an unlabeled oligo instead for the quencher. This helped control for the variable background fluorescence of different protein solutions and the fluorescence decay of the FITC fluorophore over the time course measured. The reactions were tracked for an hour, measuring every 7 seconds. The naked-oligo experiments were done in a similar way, except no SSB was added during the pre-incubation step. Annealing and steady-state graphs were generated using GraphPad Prism 5.
Phylogenetic analyses suggest that phage-derived SSAPs belong to six distinct families: redβ, erf, sak, sak4, uvsX, & gp2.5 (Iyer et al., 2002; Lopes et al., 2010). These recombinases are present in a variety of phages that exhibit both temperate and lytic lifestyles. The disclosure generates SSAP libraries that widely sample potential sequence space. An Iterated PSI-BLAST was used with the λ β amino acid sequence as the query, which produced a list of 500 candidates. From the initial hits, β homologs were removed from E. coli-derived phages, which were often identical to the query (e.g., E-value˜1−104). By plotting the logarithm of the inverse of the E-value fit score for each candidate versus the rank score (
Sequencing showed that inclusion of known recombinases dramatically altered the solution at the 6th RoE (
The candidates were tested for toxicity using a kinetic growth assay of the candidates with and without L-arabinose induction. Doubling time was calculated and presented as the change without (‘−L-ara’) and with (‘+L-ara’) arabinose (
To develop a broader resource for recombinase discovery in non-standard model organisms and to sample the entirety of sequence space, a Hidden Markov Model-based search strategy was developed using multiple known recombinases to generate the position matrix with which to search nucleotide databases. This search returned ˜2,500 candidates that exhibited similar Goodness of Fit (
After complex assembly and verification of diversity, Library 2 was transformed and SEER in E. coli was performed. After the 6th RoE, the recombinase barcodes from 1E7 cells were PCR amplified before the first and after each RoE using indexed primers and sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq. After de-multiplexing and mapping, between 90.7 and 94.8% of raw reads corresponding to each RoE identically mapped to a recombinase barcode, resulting in a minimum read depth of 3.4E5 reads (see the 2nd RoE in
193 of 195 total recombinases in the pre-SEER (0th RoE) population were identified, accurately reflecting the expected distribution of the clades in this library (
Throughout the SEER workflow, the population diversity dropped from 193 at the 0th RoE to 55 unique members after the 6th RoE (
In terms of sheer abundance after the 6th RoE, desirable homologs included three redβ homologs, themselves accounting for 0.960 of all mapped reads: ZP_07797103.1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa 39016, 0.556; ZP_09377516.1 from Hafnia alvei ATCC 51873, 0.292; and ZP_03935819.1 from Corynebacterium striatum ATCC 6940, 0.112 (
Enrichment factor (defined as freqn/freq0 at nth RoE) is another way to consider relative performance that is less subject to skew at the 0th RoE (Table 2). At the 6th RoE, only 6 recombinases exhibited enrichment factors greater than 1.0 (Table 2), led by ZP_09377516.1 (170.1-fold) and ZP_07797103.1 (91.6-fold) that were the #2 and #1 most abundant recombinases at the 6th RoE. Also exhibiting enrichment factors >1 at the 6th RoE were Q8KQW0 (34.6-fold), Q9AKZ0 (2.80-fold), and ZP_08900554.1 from Gluconacetobacter oboediens 174Bp2 (3.53-fold). Enrichment factor at the 6th RoE is subject to complex population dynamics and propagation of sampling bias during the SEER workflow. For example, ZP_03935819.1, the most over-abundant recombinase in the starting pool (0.100) and the 3rd-most abundant recombinase at the end RoE (0.112), maintained its abundance through 6, suggesting that this candidate exhibited average performance within the context of the library. Enrichment factor is also presented after the 1st RoE (Table 3), which should be less subject to propagation biases, but more so to stochastic uncertainty. Here, only 16.6% of the pool expanded after one round, but eight candidates increased by at least 10-fold. However few persisted over all RoE. ZP_09377516.1 from Hafnia alvei, Q8KQW0 from Vibrio cholerae, & ZP_07797103.1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa were advantageous. Two erf members, YP_001552302 from a Thalassaomonas phage, and YP_08900554.1 from an Enterobacter phage, start strong before declining in the face of many redβ competitors. These results offer a wealth of potential recombinases that could be leveraged in E. coli, but more importantly offer a representative workflow for recombinase discovery in non-standard model organisms.
To understand more about the mechanisms of recombination, an in vitro oligo annealing assay was developed using two complementary 90mer oligos, one with a 3′-Fluorescein and the other with a 5′-Iowa Black FQ dark quencher (
Q8KQW0 is an advantageous SSAP. This Vibrio cholerae SSAP showed slightly reduced ssDNA binding affinity compared to λ β (
To further understand the host tropism SSAPs exhibit, the C-terminus of λ β was studied. First, the 266 amino acid protein was serially truncated, generating fragments 1-245, 1-228, 1-211, 1-194 and 1-177, which is the smallest fragment previously found to be sufficient for DNA binding (Wu et al., 2006). Whereas full-length λ β is capable of achieving oligo recombinations at high frequencies (0.0848 in
The in vitro data of
pARC8 variants were constructed containing SSAPs only, properly matched SSAP-SSB pairs (e.g., λ β+EcSSB, Lr.recT1+LrSSB, or Cg.recT+CgSSB), or mismatched SSAP/SSB pairs (e.g., Lr.recT1+CgSSB, or Cg.recT+LrSSB). Induction was performed using 0.2% L-arabinose and oligo recombinations were performed to quantify AR Frequency (
L. reuteri recT1 supported only a 15-fold increase in recombination rate over background in E. coli (3.13E-4±2.10E-4, p=ns pARC8.LrrecT1 vs background). However adding its cognate SSB further increased recombination frequency by ˜10-fold (3.00E-3±2.09E-3, *p<0.05 pARC8.LrrecT1_LrSSB vs pARC8.LrrecT1). An unrelated SSB (pARC8.LrrecT1_CgSSB) did not support this gain of function phenotype (4.96E-4±2.95E-4, p=ns, pARC8.LrrecT1_CgSSB vs pARc8.LrrecT1), nor did co-expressing E. coli SSB, suggesting that a functional relationship must be maintained between recombinase and SSB in the context of the host organism. This pattern was maintained with C. glutamicum recT. Although Cg.recT supported 1E3-fold increase in recombination rates over background (2.64E-2±1.18E-2), adding its cognate SSB increased AR frequencies another ˜10-fold to 2.45E-1±8.68E-2 (*p<0.05, pARC8.CgrecT_CgSSB vs pARC8.CgrecT), whereas an unrelated SSB (pARC8.CgrecT_LrSSB) does not support any gain-of-function (4.40E-2±2.40E-2, p=ns, pARC8.CgrecT_LrSSB vs pARC8.CgrecT).
The disclosure provides that oligo recombination via heterologous SSAPs is enhanced by expressing its corresponding SSB, further highlighting the importance of the SSAP-SSB interaction. The disclosure identifies useful SSAP candidates other than λ β. The disclosure provides that the C terminus of λ β facilitates recombination. The disclosure provides that proper function of the SSAP C-terminus is required for the λ β-SSB interaction. The disclosure provides that λ β-SSB interaction requires the extreme C-terminus of SSB implicating a protein-protein interaction.
The disclosure provides methods of recombineering or genome editing using an SSAP paired with its phylogenetically-matched SSB homolog in a foreign host cell. A cell is genetically modified to include a nucleic acid encoding the SSAP and a nucleic acid encoding the SSB. The nucleic acids are expressed by the cell. The SSAP and the SSB interact and a single stranded DNA is included in the genome of the cell. The disclosure provides that an SSAP-SSB pair is a minimally functional set required to port recombineering into non-standard model organisms.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Homo sapiens
Saprospira grandis
Shewanella putrefaciens
Caldicellulosiruptor
kristjanssonii
Anaeroce/lum
thermophilum
M yxococcus fulvus
Caldicellulosiruptor
hydrothermalis
Mycobacterium marinum
Photorhabdus luminescens
Myxococcus xanthus
Corallococcus coralloides
Persephone/la marina
Legionella pneumophila
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Stigmatella aurantiaca
Caldicellulosiruptor
saccharolyticus
Rhizobium loti
Vibrio cholerae
Listeria phage A118
Salmonella newport
Xylanimonas cellulosilytica
Caldice/lulosiruptor
kronotskyensis
Delftia sp.
Paracoccus denitrificans
Pelobacter propionicus
Psychrobacter sp.
Clostridium cellulovorans
Bifidobacterium longum subsp.
infantis
Sinorhizobium meliloti
Campylobacter curvus
Corynebacterium variabile
Xylella fastidiosa
Photorhabdus luminescens
Escherichia coli
Lactotoccus phage u/16.2
Enterobacter sp.
Clostridium difficile
Paenibacillus sp.
A/lochromatium vinosum
Acidithiobacillus caldus
Vibrio splendidus
Carboxydothermus
Campylobacter jejuni subsp.
hydrogenoformans
doylei
Soda/is
glossinidius
Spirochaeta smaragdinae
Haemophilus parasuis serovar 5
Gluconobacter oxydans
Halanaerobium sp.
Enterobacter cloacae subsp.
cloacae
Neisseria meningitidis
Enterobacter aerogenes
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Bartone/la grahamii
Bartone/la tribocorum
Shewanelasp.
Proteus mirabilis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Vibrio cholerae
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype
Streptococcus pyogenes
Laribacter hongkongensis
Salmonella paratyphi B
Salmonella heidelberg
Escherichia fergusonii
Hydrogenobacter thermophilus
Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1
Salmonella typhi
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
Listeria innocua serovar 6a
Drosophila
melanogaster
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype
Xenorhabdus bovienii
Streptococcus parauberis
Thermovibrio ammonificans
Streptococcus salivarius
Frateuria aurantia
Melissococcus plutonius
Avibacterium paragallinarum
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Haemophilus influenzae R3021
enterica serovar Typhi str. 404ty
Xylella fastidiosa Ann- 1
Bartone/la schoenbuchensis Rl
Enterobacteria phage lambda
Gluconacetobacter oboediens
Helicobacter cinaedi CCUG
Bartone/la sp. AR 15-3
Listeria monocytogenes FSL
Listeria ivanovii FSL F6-596
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae
Escherichia fergusonii ECD227
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Rubislaw str.
Myxococcus fulvus HW-1
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Javiana str.
enterica serovar Senftenberg str.
Shigella dysenteriae
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Myxococcus xanthus DK 1622
enterica serovar Typhi str. AG3
Shigella dysenteriae 1617
Caldicellulosiruptor
Caldicellulosiruptor
hydrothermalis 108
kristjanssonii 177R1B
Corallococcus cora/loides DSM
Stigmatella aurantiaca DW4/3-1
Caldice/lulosiruptor
saccharolyticus DSM 8903
Providencia rettgeri
Lactococcus phage phismq86
Caldicellulosiruptor
kronotskyensis 2002
Neisseria meningitidis WUE
Neisseria lactamica ¥92-1009
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Clostridium botulinum C str.
Clostridium cellulovorans 7438
Xenorhabdus nematophila ATCC
aribacter hongkongensis
Burkholderia pseudomallei 668
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Vibrio cholerae 0139
Yersinia ruckeri
Haemophilus haemolyticus
Providencia rettgeri DSM 1131
Lactococcus phage phiLC3
Frateuria aurantia DSM 6220
Haemophilus influenzae NT127
Streptococcus phage 2167
Aggregati bacter aphrophilus
Streptococcus pneumoniae EU-
Me/issococcus plutonius ATCC
Streptococcus infantis SK970
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Montevideo str.
Bacillus subtilis subsp.
Enterobacter cloacae subsp.
Photobacterium damselae subsp.
spizizenii TU-B-10
cloacae ATCC 13047
damselae
Neisseria bacilliformis ATCC
Clostridium botulinum C sir.
Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 39016
Bartonella rochalimae ATCC
Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_5R
Comamonas testosteroni S44
Pediococcus acidilactici DSM
Salmonella enterica subsp.
houtenae str. ATCC BAA-1581
Sodalis glossinidius str.
Streptococcus parauberis KCTC
Bartonella tribocorum CIP
Klebsiella sp. 1_1_55
Lactobacillus ruminis SPM0211
Haemophilus
paraphrohaemolyticus HK411
Clostridium sporogenes PA
Mannheimia haemolytica
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.
rhinoscleromatis ATCC 13884
Streptococcus phage 8140
Sinorhizobium meliloti SMll
Streptococcus phage V22
Clostridium botulinum El str.
Streptococcus phage 9429.2
Spirochaeta smaragdinae DSM
Sinorhizobium meliloti AK83
Streptococcus pyogenes str.
Carboxydothermus
hydrogenoformans Z-2901
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC
Streptococcus salivarius JIM8777
Acinetobacter sp. SH024
Burkholderia sp. Chl-1
Streptococcus suis 89/1591
Mesorhizobium loti
Streptococcus suis SS12
listeria monocytogenes FSL Nl-
lodobacteriophage phiPLPE
Bartonella grahamii as4aup
Fusobacterium sp. 12_1B
Cryptobacterium curtum DSM
Bacteroides caccae ATCC
Leptotrichia goodfellowii F0264
Listeria innocua Clip11262
Vibrio cholerae non-01/non-
Acinetobacter baumanniiAB900
Halanaerobium
Mycobacterium marinum M
Peptoniphilus duerdenii ATCC
hydrogeniformans
Serratia symbiotica str. Tucson
Bifidobacterium longum subsp.
Campylobacter jejuni subsp.
infantis 157F
doylei 269.97
Xylella fastidiosa subsp.
Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c
Acinetobacter sp. P8-3-8
fastidiosa GB514
Streptococcus phage M102
Campylobacter coli 1957
Corynebacterium variabile DSM
Collinsella stercoris DSM
Campylobacter curvus 525.92
Campylobacter jejuni subsp.
jejuni 2008-988
Campylobacter coli 67-8
Campylobacter coli LMG 9860
Campylobacter coli 2685
Campylobacter coli 132-6
Sebaldella termitidis ATCC
Xylanimonas cellulosilytica
Campylobacter coli 80352
Collinsella aerofaciens ATCC
Aggregatibacter segnis ATCC
Haemophilus parasuis SH0165
Pelobacter propionicus DSM
Haemophilus parasuis 29755
Campylobacter upsaliensis
Acidithiobacillus caldus SM-1
Acidithiobacillus caldus ATCC
Streptococcus gallolyticus
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IP
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Pasteur 52237
Sinorhizobium meliloti
Vibrio furnissii CIP 102972
Helicobacter pullorum MIT 98-
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Photobacterium damselae subsp.
damselae CIP 102761
Sinorhizobium medicae
Hydrogenobacter thermophil us
Simkania negevensis z
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.
Persephonella marina EX-Hl
Thiocapsa marina 5811
trifolii WSM2304
Thiorhodococcus drewsii AZl
Desuifitobacterium
Allochromatium vinosum DSM
metallireducens DSM 15288
Vibrio splendidus LGP32
Thermus aquaticus Y51MC23
Enterobacter sp. 638
Thiocystis violascens DSM 198
Vibrio cholerae 1587
Brevundimonas diminuta ATCC
Delftia sp. Csl-4
Corynebacterium diphtheriae C7
Cronobacter phage ENT47670
Thiorhodovibri o sp. 970
Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2
Photorhabdus luminescens subsp.
laumondii TTOl
Psychrobacter sp. PRwf-1
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.
Gluconobacter oxydans 621H
salmonicida 01-6526
Sporosarcina newyorkensis
Acidovorax delafieldii 2AN
Paenibacillus elgii B69
Methylomicrobium album BG8
Paracoccus denitrificans PD1222
Commensalibacter intestini
Mobiluncus curtisii ATCC
Listeria monocytogenes str. 1/2a
Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi
Listeria monocytogenes FSL J2-
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
lachrymans str. M301315
Xanthobacter autotrophicus Py2
Ureaplasma parvum serovar 6
Rhodococcus phage REQ3
Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar
Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar
Halomonas elongata DSM 2581
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5250
Paenibacillus larvae subsp.
Hafnia alvei ATCC 51873
larvae BRL-230010
Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315
Gardnerella vaginalis 409-05
Proteus penneri ATCC 35198
Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC
Staphylococcus aureus subsp.
Pseudoalteromonas sp. BSi20495
aureus D139
Parabacteroides johnsoni i DSM
Citrobacter koseri ATCC BM-
Borrelia hermsii
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Salmonella phage SPN1S
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Mississippi str.
enterica serovar Kentucky str.
Shigella dysenteriae CDC 74-
Corynebacterium striatum
Klebsiella sp. MS 92-3
Pantoea sp. aB
Proteus mirabilis ATCC 29906
Providencia alcalifaciens DSM
Escherichia phage TL-2011b
Clostridium methylpentosum
Erwinia phage phiEt88
Gemella sanguinis M325
Serratia odorifera DSM 4582
Pseudomonas brassicacearum
Comamonas testosteroni KF-1
Edwardsiella tarda ATCC 23685
Brenneria sp. EniD312
Legionella pneumophila
Enterococcus faecalis TX0630
Edwardsiella ictaluri 93-146
Edwardsiella tarda EIB202
Acinetobacter radioresistens
Chelativorans sp. BNC1
Moraxella catarrhalis 101P30B1
Clostridium botulinum B str.
Xenorhabdus bovienii SS-2004
Erwinia billingiae Eb661
Methylobacterium nodulans ORS
Pantoea vagans C9-1
Oceanicola sp. 5124
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Gaminara str.
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.
Thermovibrio ammonificans
Corynebacterium glutamicum R
pneumoniae MGH 78578
Escherichia phage TL-2011c
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Typhimurium
Vibrio angustum S14
Corynebacterium ulcerans BR-
Listeria monocytogenes F5L F2-
Mycobacterium abscessus M93
Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4
Ahrensia sp. R2A130
Thermoanaerobacter italicus
Rhodomicrobium vannielii
Acinetobacter radioresistens
Photobacterium profundum SS9
Segniliparus rotundus DSM
Megamonas funiformis YIT
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
Moraxella catarrhalis BCl
syringae B728a
maculicola str. ES4326
Eubacterium saburreum DSM
Clostridium hathewayi DSM
achnospiraceae bacterium
Eubacteriaceae bacterium
Burkholderia sp. CCGE1002
Bacteroides sp. 2_1_33B
Nitratifractor salsuginis DSM
Jonesia denitrificans DSM
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Aeromonas hydrophila
Enterobacter hormaechei ATCC
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas phage phi297
Klebsiella variicola At-22
Burkholderia sp. TJl49
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5243
Burkholderia phymatum 5TM815
Pseudomonas putida GB-1
Klebsiella pneumoniae 342
Shewanella putrefaciens 200
Saprospira grandis str. Lewin
Mycobacterium abscessus M94
Bradyrhizobium sp. STM 3843
Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto
Sodalis phage phiSG1
Parachlamydia acanthamoebae
Achromobacter xylosoxidans
Desulfovibrio piger ATCC
Burkholderia dolosa AU0158
Vibrio caribbenthicus ATCC
Dyadobacter fermentans DSM
Kordia algicida OT-1
Flavobacterium indicum
Vibrio harveyi 1DA3
Runella slithyformis DSM
Flavobacterium johnsoniae
Owenweeksia hongkongensis
Riemerella anatipestifer RA-GD
Flavobacteriales bacterium
Leadbetterella byssophila DSM
Flavobacterium branchiophilum
Paenibacillus mucilaginosus
Pseudoalteromonas sp. BSi20439
Burkholderia glumae BGRl
Weeksella virosa DSM 16922
Myroides odoratimimus CCUG
Cyclobacterium marinum DSM
Lacinutrix sp. 5H-3-7-4
Bacteroides stercoris ATCC
Pseudomonas fluorescens Fl13
Haliscomenobacter hydrossis
Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1
Niastella koreensis GR20-10
Vibrio cholerae LMA3984-4
Muricauda ruestringensis DSM
actococcus garvieae g2
Burkholderia sp. CCGE1003
Staphylococcus
pseudintermedius ED99
Flavobacterium columnare
Bacillus selenitireducens
5hewanella woodyi ATCC 51908
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Pedobacter saltans DSM 12145
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
Borrelia burgdorferi B31
Bacteriovorax marinus SJ
Burkholderia sp. 383
Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp.
Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG
Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1
succinogenes S85
Pseudomonas mendocina NK-
Lactobacillus easel BD-11
Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2
Herminiimonas arsenicoxydans
Cellulophaga algicola DSM
Odoribacter laneus YIT 12061
Lactococcus lactis subsp.
Cupriavidus metallidurans
Coprococcus eutactus ATCC
cremoris CNCM 1-1631
Lactobacillus plantarum WCFSl
Bacteroides sp. 1_1_30
Clostridium acetobutylicum EA
Lachnospiraceae bacterium
Streptococcus thermophilus
Clostridium sporogenes ATCC
Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei
Zobellia galactanivorans
Vibrio furnissii NCTC 11218
Oceanimonas sp. GKl
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Lactobacillus fermentum CECT
Halobacillus halophilus DSM
Chromohalobacter salexigens
Clostridium botulinum
Bordetella bronchiseptica RB50
Providencia stuartii MRSN 2154
Polynucleobacter necessarius
Tannerella sp.
Alistipes indistinctus YIT 12060
Pseudoalteromonas atlantica T6c
Streptococcus mutans UA159
Aliivibrio salmonicida LF11238
Halomonas boliviensis LCl
Bacteroides dorei DSM 17855
Streptococcus intermedius F0395
Weissella koreensis KACC
Lactobacillus sp. 7_1_47FAA
Burkholderia sp. Yi23
Shewanella amazonensis SB2B
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
phaseolicola 1448A
Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18
Streptococcus gallolyticus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Sphingobacterium sp. 21
Leptotrichia buccalis C-1013-b
Oceanobacillus iheyensis
Clostridium hathewayi WAL-
Clostridium sp. L2-SO
Lactobacillus johnsonii DPC
Streptococcus suis A7
Bordetella avium 197N
Selenomonas noxia F0398
Psychromonas ingrahamii 37
Anaerostipes caccae DSM 14662
Clostridium sp. BNL1100
Coprococcus comes ATCC
Bordetella petrii DSM 12804
Staphylococcus aureus subsp.
Lactobacillus salivarius CECT
Aeromonas hydrophila subsp.
aureus JKD6159
hydrophila ATCC 7966
Tannerella forsythia ATCC
Desulfotomaculum ruminis
Dorea formicigenerans
Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM
Desulfosporosinus orientis DSM
Enterococcus faecalis 62
Eubacterium eligens ATCC
Enterococcus saccharolyticus
Pseudogulbenkiania sp. NH8B
Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Selenomonas ruminantium subsp.
lactilytica TAM6421
Clostridium sp. SS2/1
Johnsonella ignava ATCC 51276
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.
Ralstonia solanacearum Po82
Dysgonomonas mossii DSM
salmonicida A449
Parabacteroides merdae ATCC
Dysgonomonas gadei ATCC
Bacteroides coprocola DSM
Cellvibrio japonicus Ueda107
Spirochaeta africana DSM 8902
Facklamia languida CCUG
Catonella morbi ATCC 51271
Eubacterium ventriosum ATCC
Eikenella corrodens ATCC
Methylomonas methanica MC09
Citrobacter freundii
Blautia hydrogenotrophica DSM
Alteromonas macleodii str. ‘Deep
Clostridium asparagiforme
Azotobacter vinelandii DJ
Paenibacillus sp. oral taxon 786
Alteromonas sp. SN2
Desulfitobacterium hafniense
Geobacter metallireducens GS-
Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum
Saccharophagus degradans 2-40
Melissococcus plutonius
Taylorella asinigenitalis MCE3
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.
Oribacterium sp. ACBl
Bacteroides pectinophilus ATCC
bulgaricus 2038
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Ruminococcus lactaris ATCC
arizonae serovar 62:z4
Roseburia inulinivorans DSM
Neisseria flavescens
Paenibacillus terrae HPL-003
Shewanella piezotolerans WP3
Pediococcus claussenii ATCC
Chitinophaga pinensis DSM
Gemella haemolysans M341
Shewanella sediminis HAW-
Shewanella loihica PV-4
Clostridium hylemonae DSM
Heliobacterium modesticaldumlcel
Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA
Bacteroides capillosus ATCC
Shewanella violacea DSS12
Bacillus thuringiensis serovar
Shewanella baltica OS678
Spirochaeta coccoides DSM
Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4
Shewanella baltica BA175
Prevotella sp. oral taxon
Clostridium bolteae ATCC
Bacillus sp. B14905
Bacillus sp. JS
Abiotrophia defectiva ATCC
Ruminococcus sp.
Coprobacillus sp. 8_2_54BFAA
Shewanella putrefaciens CN-32
Neisseria lactamica 020-06
Catenibacterium mitsuokai
Neisseria gonorrhoeae TCDC-
Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 =
Clostridium sp. 7_3_54FAA
Glaciecola nitratireducens
Listeria seeligeri serovar 1/2b
Escherichia phage phiVlO
Eubacterium sp. 3_1_31
Parvimonas micra ATCC 33270
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae str.
Treponema pallidum subsp.
Clostridium nexile DSM 1787
Clostridium spiroforme DSM
pallidum DAL-1
Pectobacterium atrosepticum
Sphaerochaeta globus str.
Rahnella aquatilis CIP 78.65 =
Clostridium kluyveri NBRC
Clostridium perfringens WAL-
Shuttleworthia satelles DSM
Sphaerochaeta pleomorpha str.
Lactobacillus helveticus H10
Prevotella micans F0438
Pantoea ananatis LMG 20103
Leuconostoc mesenteroides
Anaeromyxobacter sp. Fw109-5
Serratia sp. AS13
Prevotella maculosa OT 289
Acetobacterium woodii DSM
Roseburia hominis A2-183
Mycoplasma fermentans PG18
Thiobacillus denitrificans
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp.
Desulfobacterium autotrophicum
palearctica Yl
Sorangium cellulosum ‘So ce 56’
Subdoligranulum sp.
Prevotella histicola F0411
Arcobacter butzleri ED-1
Eubacterium limosum KIST612
Arcobacter nitrofigilis DSM
Leuconostoc sp. C2
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Eubacterium haIIii DSM 3353
Cellulophaga lytica DSM 7489
Mycoplasma hyorhinis HUB-1
Mycoplasma hyorhinis MCLD
Helcococcus kunzii ATCC
Campylobacter showae
Granulicella mallensis
Helicobacter pylori 83
Arcobacter sp. L
Gluconacetobacter xylinus
Anaerotruncus colihominis
Treponema brennaborense DSM
Myroides odoratimimus CIP
Granulibacter bethesdensis
Bacteroides sp. 2_2_4
Campylobacter jejuni
Bacteroides sp. D20
Geobacillus thermodenitrificans
Bacteroides sp. 9_1_42FAA
Microcystis aeruginosa PCC
Bacteroides fragilis 3_1_12
lmtechella halotolerans Kl
Acaryochloris marina
Caldilinea aerophila DSM
Planctomyces brasiliensis DSM
Bacteroides sp. 01
Trichodesmium erythraeum
Homo sapiens
Saprospiragrandis
Shewanella putrefaciens
Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii
Anaeroce/lum thermophilum
Myxococcus fulvus
Caldicellulosiruptor
Mycobacterium marinum
Photorhabdus luminescens
hydrothermalis
Myxococcus xanthus
Corallococcus coralloides
Persephone/la marina
Legionella pneumophila
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Stigmatella aurantiaca
Caldicellulosiruptor
Rhizobium loti
Vibrio cholerae
saccharolyticus
Listeria phage A118
Salmonella newport
Xylanimonas cellulosilytica
Caldice/lulosiruptor
Delftia sp.
Paracoccus denitrificans
kronotskyensis
Pelobacter propionicus
Psychrobacter sp.
Clostridium cellulovorans
Bifidobacterium longum subsp.
Sinorhizobium meliloti
Campylobacter curvus
infantis
Corynebacterium variabile
Xylella fastidiosa
Photorhabdus luminescens subsp.
laumondii
Escherichia coli
Enterobacter sp.
Clostridium difficile
Paenibacillus sp.
A/lochromatium vinosum
Acidithiobacillus caldus
Vibrio splendidus
Carboxydothermus
hydrogenoformans
Campylobacter jejuni subsp.
Soda/is glossinidius
Spirochaeta smaragdinae
doylei
Haemophilus parasuis serovar 5
Gluconobacter oxydans
Halanaerobium sp.
Enterobacter cloacae subsp.
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup
Enterobacter aerogenes
cloacae
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Bartone/la grahamii
Bartone/la tribocorum
Shewane/la sp.
Proteus mirabilis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Vibrio cholerae serotype O1
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pyogenes
Laribacter hongkongensis
Salmonella paratyphi B
Salmonella heidelberg
Escherichia fergusonii
Hydrogenobacter thermophilus
Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1
Salmonella typhi
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
Listeria innocua serovar 6a
Drosophila melanogaster
Streptococcus pyogenes
Xenorhabdus bovienii
Streptococcus parauberis
Thermovibrio ammonificans
Streptococcus salivarius
Frateuria aurantia
Melissococcus plutonius
Avibacterium paragallinarum
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Typhi str. 404ty
Haemophilus influenzae R3021
Xylella fastidiosa Ann- 1
Bartone/la schoenbuchensis R1
Gluconacetobacter oboediens
Helicobacter cinaedi CCUG
Bartone/la sp. AR 15-3
Listeria monocytogenes FSL
Listeria ivanovii FSLF6-596
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae
Escherichia fergusonii ECD227
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Myxococcus fulvus HW-1
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Rubislaw str.
enterica serovar Javiana str.
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Shigella dysenteriae
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Senftenberg str.
enterica serovar Typhi str. AG3
Myxococcus xanthus DK 1622
Shigella dysenteriae 1617
Caldicellulosiruptor
hydrothermalis 108
Caldicellulosiruptor
Corallococcus cora/loides DSM
Stigmatella aurantiaca DW4/3-1
kristjanssonii 177R1B
Caldice/lulosiruptor
Providencia rettgeri
Lactococcus phage phismq86
saccharolyticus DSM 8903
Caldicellulosiruptor
Neisseria meningitidis WUE
Neisseria lactamica ¥92-1009
kronotskyensis 2002
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Clostridium botulinum C str.
Clostridium cellulovorans 7438
Xenorhabdus nematophila
aribacter hongkongensis
Burkholderia pseudomallei 668
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Vibrio cholerae 0139
Yersinia ruckeri
Haemophilus haemolyticus
Providencia rettgeri DSM 1131
Lactococcus phage phiLC3
Frateuria aurantia DSM 6220
Haemophilus influenzae NT127
Streptococcus phage 2167
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
Streptococcus pneumoniae EU-
Me/issococcus plutonius ATCC
Streptococcus infantis SK970
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii
Enterobacter cloacae subsp.
enterica serovar Montevideo str.
cloacae ATCC 13047
Photobacterium damselae subsp.
Neisseria bacilliformis ATCC
Clostridium botulinum C sir.
damselae
Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 39016
Bartonella rochalimae ATCC
Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_5R
Comamonas testosteroni S44
Pediococcus acidilactici DSM
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Sodalis glossinidius str.
Streptococcus parauberis KCTC
houtenae str. ATCC BAA-1581
Bartonella tribocorum CIP
Klebsiella sp. 1_1_55
Lactobacillus ruminis SPM0211
Haemophilus
Clostridium sporogenes PA
Mannheimia haemolytica
paraphrohaemolyticus HK411
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.
Streptococcus phage 8140
Sinorhizobium meliloti SMll
rhinoscleromatis ATCC 13884
Streptococcus phage V22
Clostridium botulinum El str.
Streptococcus phage 9429.2
Spirochaeta smaragdinae DSM
Sinorhizobium meliloti AK83
Streptococcus pyogenes str.
Carboxydothermus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC
hydrogenoformans Z-2901
Streptococcus salivarius
Acinetobacter sp. SH024
Burkholderia sp. Chl-1
Streptococcus suis 89/1591
Mesorhizobium loti
Streptococcus suis SS12
listeriamonocytogenes FSL Nl-
lodobacteriophage phiPLPE
Bartonella grahamii as4aup
Fusobacterium sp. 12_1B
Cryptobacterium curtum DSM
Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185
Leptotrichia goodfellowii
Listeria innocua Clip11262
Acinetobacter
Halanaerobium
Mycobacterium marinum M
baumanniiAB900
hydrogeniformans
Peptoniphilus duerdenii ATCC
Serratia symbiotica str. Tucson
Bifidobacterium longum subsp.
infantis 157F
Campylobacter jejuni subsp.
Xylella fastidiosa subsp.
Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c
doylei269.97
fastidiosa GB514
Acinetobacter sp. P8-3-8
Streptococcus phage M102
Campylobacter coli 1957
Corynebacterium variabile
Collinsella stercoris DSM
Campylobacter curvus 525.92
Campylobacter jejuni subsp.
Campylobacter coli67-8
Campylobacter coli LMG 9860
jejuni 2008-988
Campylobacter coli 2685
Campylobacter coli 132-6
Sebaldella termitidis ATCC
Xylanimonas cellulosilytica
Campylobacter coli80352
Collinsella aerofaciens ATCC
Aggregatibacter segnis ATCC
Haemophilus parasuis SH0165
Pelobacter propionicus DSM
Haemophilus parasuis 29755
Campylobacter upsaliensis
Acidithiobacillus caldus SM-1
Acidithiobacillus caldus ATCC
Streptococcus gallolyticus
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IP
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Sinorhizobium meliloti
Vibrio furnissii CIP 102972
Helicobacter pullorum MIT 98-
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Photobacterium damselae subsp.
Sinorhizobium medicae
Hydrogenobacter thermophilus
damselae CIP 102761
Simkania negevensis z
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.
Persephonella marina EX-Hl
trifolii WSM2304
Thiocapsa marina 5811
Thiorhodococcus drewsii AZl
Desuifitobacterium
metallireducens DSM 15288
Allochromatium vinosum DSM
Vibrio splendidus LGP32
Thermus aquaticus Y51MC23
Enterobacter sp. 638
Thiocystis violascens DSM 198
Vibrio cholerae 1587
Brevundimonas diminuta ATCC
Delftia sp. Csl-4
Corynebacterium diphtheriae C7
Cronobacter phage ENT47670
Thiorhodovibrio sp. 970
Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2
Photorhabdus luminescens
Psychrobacter sp. PRwf-1
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.
salmonicida 01-6526
Gluconobacter oxydans 621H
Sporosarcina newyorkensis
Acidovorax delafieldii 2AN
Paenibacillus elgii B69
Methylomicrobium album BG8
Paracoccus denitrificans
Commensalibacter intestini
Mobiluncus curtisii ATCC 51333
Listeria monocytogenes str. 1/2a
Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi
Listeria monocytogenes FSLJ2-
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
Xanthobacter autotrophicus Py2
Ureaplasma parvum serovar 6 str.
lachrymans str. M301315
Rhodococcus phage REQ3
Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar
Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar
Halomonas elongata DSM 2581
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5250
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae
Hafnia alvei ATCC 51873
Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315
Gardnerella vaginalis 409-05
Proteus penneri ATCC 35198
Acinetobacter baumanniiATCC
Staphylococcus aureus subsp.
aureus D139
Pseudoalteromonas sp.
Parabacteroides johnsoni i DSM
Citrobacter koseri ATCC BM-
Borrelia hermsii
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Salmonella phage SPN1S
enterica serovar Mississippi str.
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Shigella dysenteriae CDC 74-
Corynebacterium striatum ATCC
enterica serovar Kentucky str.
Klebsiella sp. MS 92-3
Pantoea sp. aB
Proteus mirabilis ATCC 29906
Providencia alcalifaciens DSM
Escherichia phage TL-2011b
Clostridium methylpentosum
Erwinia phage phiEt88
Gemella sanguinis M325
Serratia odorifera DSM 4582
Pseudomonas brassicacearum
Comamonas testosteroni KF-1
Edwardsiella tarda ATCC 23685
Brenneria sp. EniD312
Legionella pneumophila
Enterococcus faecalis TX0630
Edwardsiella ictaluri 93-146
Edwardsiella tarda EIB202
Acinetobacter radioresistens
Chelativorans sp. BNC1
Moraxella catarrhalis 101P30B1
Clostridium botulinum B str.
Xenorhabdus bovienii SS-2004
Erwinia billingiae Eb661
Methylobacterium nodulans
Pantoea vagans C9-1
Oceanicola sp. 5124
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.
Thermovibrio ammonificans
enterica serovar Gaminara str.
pneumoniae MGH 78578
Corynebacterium glutamicum R
Escherichia phage TL-2011c
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Vibrio angustum S14
Corynebacterium ulcerans BR-
enterica serovar Typhimurium
Listeria monocytogenes F5L F2-
Mycobacterium abscessus M93
Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4
Ahrensia sp. R2A 130
Thermoanaerobacter italicus
Rhodomicrobium vannielii
Acinetobacter radioresistens
Photobacterium profundum SS9
Segniliparus rotundus DSM
Megamonas funiformis YIT
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
syringae B728a
maculicola str. ES4326
Moraxella catarrhalis BCl
Eubacterium saburreum DSM
Clostridium hathewayi DSM
Burkholderia sp. CCGE1002
Bacteroides sp. 2_1_33B
Nitratifractor salsuginis DSM
Jonesia denitrificans DSM 20603
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Aeromonas hydrophila
Enterobacter hormaechei ATCC
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas phage phi297
Klebsiella variicola At-22
Burkholderia sp. TJ149
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5243
Burkholderia phymatum
Pseudomonas putida GB-1
Klebsiella pneumoniae 342
Shewanella putrefaciens 200
Saprospira grandis str. Lewin
Mycobacterium abscessus M94
Bradyrhizobium sp. STM 3843
Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto
Sodalis phage phiSG1
Parachlamydia acanthamoebae
Achromobacter xylosoxidans
Desulfovibrio piger ATCC 29098
Burkholderia dolosa AU0158
Vibrio caribbenthicus ATCC
Dyadobacter fermentans DSM
Kordia algicida OT-1
Flavobacterium indicum
Vibrio harveyi 1DA3
Runella slithyformis DSM
Flavobacterium johnsoniae
Owenweeksia hongkongensis
Riemerella anatipestifer RA-GD
Flavobacteriales bacterium ALC-
Leadbetterella byssophila DSM
Flavobacterium branchiophilum
Paenibacillus mucilaginosus K02
Pseudoalteromonas sp.
Burkholderia glumae BGRl
Weeksella virosa DSM 16922
Myroides odoratimimus CCUG
Cyclobacterium marinum DSM
Lacinutrix sp. 5H-3-7-4
Bacteroides stercoris ATCC
Pseudomonas fluorescens Fl13
Haliscomenobacter hydrossis
Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1
Niastella koreensis GR20-10
Vibrio cholerae LMA3984-4
Muricauda ruestringensis DSM
actococcus garvieae g2
Burkholderia sp. CCGE1003
Staphylococcus
Flavobacterium columnare
Bacillus selenitireducens MLSlO
pseudintermedius ED99
5hewanella woodyi ATCC
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Pedobacter saltans DSM 12145
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
Borrelia burgdorferi B31
Bacteriovorax marinus SJ
Burkholderia sp. 383
Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp.
Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG
succinogenes S85
Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1
Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01
Lactobacillus easel BD-11
Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2
Herminiimonas arsenicoxydans
Cellulophaga algicola DSM
Odoribacter laneus YIT 12061
Lactococcus lactis subsp.
Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34
cremoris CNCM 1-1631
Coprococcus eutactus ATCC
Lactobacillus plantarum WCFSl
Bacteroides sp. 1_1_30
Clostridium acetobutylicum EA
Streptococcus thermophilus
Clostridium sporogenes ATCC
Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei
Zobellia galactanivorans
Vibrio furnissii NCTC 11218
Oceanimonas sp. GK1
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Lactobacillus fermentum CECT
Halobacillus halophilus DSM
Chromohalobacter salexigens
Clostridium botulinum
Bordetella bronchiseptica RB50
Providencia stuartii MRSN 2154
Polynucleobacter necessarius
Tannerella sp. 6_1_58FAA_CT1
Alistipes indistinctus YIT 12060
Pseudoalteromonas atlantica
Streptococcus mutans UA159
Aliivibrio salmonicida LF11238
Halomonas boliviensis LCl
Bacteroides dorei DSM 17855
Streptococcus intermedius
Weissella koreensis KACC
Lactobacillus sp. 7_1_47FAA
Burkholderia sp. Yi23
Shewanella amazonensis SB2B
Pseudomonas syringae pv.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp.
phaseolicola 1448A
gallolyticus ATCC 43143
Streptococcus pyogenes
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Sphingobacterium sp. 21
Leptotrichia buccalis C-1013-b
Oceanobacillus iheyensis
Clostridium hathewayi WAL-
Clostridium sp. L2-SO
Lactobacillus johnsonii DPC
Streptococcus suis A7
Bordetella avium 197N
Selenomonas noxia F0398
Psychromonas ingrahamii 37
Anaerostipes caccae DSM 14662
Clostridium sp. BNL1100
Coprococcus comes ATCC 27758
Bordetella petrii DSM 12804
Staphylococcus aureus subsp.
Lactobacillus salivarius CECT
aureus JKD6159
Aeromonas hydrophila subsp.
Tannerella forsythia ATCC
Desulfotomaculum ruminis DSM
hydrophila ATCC 7966
Dorea formicigenerans
Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM 4166
Desulfosporosinus orientis DSM
Enterococcus faecalis 62
Eubacterium eligens ATCC
Enterococcus saccharolyticus
Pseudogulbenkiania sp. NH8B
Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Selenomonas ruminantium
Clostridium sp. SS2/1
Johnsonella ignava ATCC 51276
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.
Ralstonia solanacearum Po82
salmonicida A449
Dysgonomonas mossii DSM
Parabacteroides merdae ATCC
Dysgonomonas gadei ATCC
Bacteroides coprocola DSM
Cellvibrio japonicus Ueda107
Spirochaeta africana DSM 8902
Facklamia languida CCUG
Catonella morbi ATCC 51271
Eubacterium ventriosum ATCC
Eikenella corrodens ATCC 23834
Methylomonas methanica
Citrobacter freundii
Blautiahydrogenotrophica DSM
Alteromonas macleodii str.
Clostridium asparagiforme
Azotobacter vinelandii DJ
Paenibacillus sp. oral taxon 786
Alteromonas sp. SN2
Desulfitobacterium hafniense
Geobacter metallireducens GS-
Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum
Saccharophagus degradans 2-40
Melissococcus plutonius
Taylorella asinigenitalis MCE3
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.
Oribacterium sp. ACB1
bulgaricus 2038
Bacteroides pectinophilus ATCC
Salmonella enterica subsp.
arizonae serovar 62:z4
Ruminococcus lactaris ATCC
Roseburia inulinivorans DSM
Neisseria flavescens
Paenibacillus terrae HPL-003
Shewanella piezotolerans WP3
Pediococcus claussenii ATCC
Chitinophaga pinensis DSM
Gemella haemolysans M341
Shewanella sediminis HAW-EB3
Shewanella loihica PV-4
Clostridium hylemonae DSM
Heliobacterium modesticaldum
Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA
Bacteroides capillosus ATCC
Shewanella violacea DSS12
Bacillus thuringiensis serovar
Shewanella baltica OS678
konkukian str. 97-27
Spirochaeta coccoides DSM
Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4
Shewanella baltica BA175
Prevotella sp. oral taxon 302 str.
Clostridium bolteae ATCC BAA-
Bacillus sp. B14905
Bacillus sp. JS
Abiotrophia defectiva ATCC
Ruminococcus sp. 5_1_39B_FAA
Coprobacillus sp. 8_2_54BFAA
Shewanella putrefaciens CN-32
Neisseria lactamica 020-06
Catenibacterium mitsuokai DSM
Neisseria gonorrhoeae TCDC-
Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 =
Clostridium sp. 7_3_54FAA
Glaciecola nitratireducens
Listeria seeligeri serovar 1/2b str.
Escherichia phage phiVlO
Eubacterium sp. 3_1_31
Parvimonas micra ATCC 33270
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae str.
Treponema pallidum subsp.
Clostridium nexile DSM 1787
Fujisawa
pallidum DAL-1
Clostridium spiroforme DSM
Pectobacterium atrosepticum
Sphaerochaeta globus str. Buddy
Rahnella aquatilis CIP 78.65 =
Clostridium kluyveri NBRC
Clostridium perfringens WAL-
Shuttleworthia satelles DSM
Sphaerochaeta pleomorpha str.
Lactobacillus helveticus H10
Prevotella micans F0438
Pantoea ananatis PA13
Pantoea ananatis LMG 20103
Leuconostoc mesenteroides
Anaeromyxobacter sp. Fw109-5
Serratia sp. AS13
Prevotella maculosa OT 289
Acetobacterium woodii DSM
Roseburia hominis A2-183
Mycoplasma fermentans PG18
Thiobacillus denitrificans
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp.
palearctica Yl
Desulfobacterium
Sorangium cellulosum ‘So ce 56’
Subdoligranulum sp.
autotrophicum HRM2
Prevotella histicola F0411
Arcobacter butzleri ED-1
Eubacterium limosum KIST612
Arcobacter nitrofigilis DSM
Leuconostoc sp. C2
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168
Eubacterium haIIii DSM 3353
Cellulophaga lytica DSM 7489
Mycoplasma hyorhinis HUB-1
Mycoplasma hyorhinis MCLD
Helcococcus kunzii ATCC
Campylobacter showae RM3277
Granulicella mallensis
Helicobacter pylori 83
Arcobacter sp. L
Gluconacetobacter xylinus
Anaerotruncus colihominis
Treponema brennaborense DSM
Myroides odoratimimus CIP
Granulibacter bethesdensis
Bacteroides sp. 2_2_4
Campylobacter jejuni
Bacteroides sp. D20
Geobacillus thermodenitrificans
Bacteroides sp. 9_1_42FAA
Microcystis aeruginosa PCC
Bacteroides fragilis 3_1_12
lmtechella halotolerans K1
Acaryochloris marina
Caldilinea aerophila DSM 14535 =
Planctomyces brasiliensis DSM
Bacteroides sp. 01
Trichodesmium erythraeum
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Homo sapiens
Saprospira grandis
Shewanella putrefaciens
Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonli
Anaerocellum thermophilum
Myxococcus fulvus
Caldicellulosi ruptor hydrothermalis
Mycobacterium marinum
Photorhabdus luminescens
Myxococcus xanthus
Corallococcus coralloides
Persephonella marina
Legionella pneumophila
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Stigmatella aurantiaca
Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus
Rhizobium loti
Vibrio cholerae
Listeria phage A118
Salmonella newport
Xylanlmonas cellulosilytica
Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis
Delftia sp.
Paracoccus denltrificans
Pelobacter propionicus
Psychrobacter sp.
Clostridlum cellulovorans
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis
Sinorhizobium melilotl
Campylobacter curvus
Corynebacterium variabile
Xylella fastidiosa
Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii
Escherichia coli
Lactotoccus phage ull6.2
Enterobacter sp.
Clostridium difficile
Paenibacillus sp.
Allochromatium vinosum
Acidithiobacillus caldus
Vibrio splendidus
Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans
Campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei
Sodalis glossinidius
Spirochaeta smaragdinae
Haemophilus parasuis serovar S
Gluconobacter oxydans
Halanaerobium sp.
Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A
Enterobacter aerogenes
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Bartonella grahamii
Bartone/la tribocorum
Shewanella sp.
Proteus mlrabilis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Vibrio cholerae serotype 01
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M12
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype Ml
Laribacter hongkongensis
Salmonella paratyphi B
Salmonella heidelberg
Escherichia fergusonii
Hydrogenobacter thermophilus
Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1
Salmonella typhi
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
listeria innocua serovar 6a
Drosophila melanogaster
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype MS
Xenorhabdus bovienii
Streptococcus parauberis
Thermovibrio ammonificans
Streptococcus sa livarius
Frateuria aurantia
Melissococcus plutonius
Avibacterium paragallinarum
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Typhi str. 404ty
Haemophilus influenzae R3021
Xylella fastidiosa Ann-1
Bartonella schoenbuchensfs R1
Gluconacetobacter oboediens 174Bp2
Helicobacter cinaedi CCUG 18818
Bartonella sp. AR 15-3
Listeria monocytogenes FSL R2-503
listeria ivanovii FSL F6-596
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae B-3650
Escherichia fergusonii ECD227
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
Myxococcus fulvus HW-1
Salmonella enter/ca subsp. enterica
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
Shigella dysenteriae
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
Myxococcus xanthus DK 1622
Shigella dysenteriae 1617
Caldicellulosiruptor hydrothermalis 108
Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonH 177R1B
Corallococcus coralloides DSM 2259
Stigmatella aurantiaca DW4/3-1
Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus DSM 8903
Providencia rettgeri
Lactococcus phage phismq86
Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis 2002
Neisseria meningitidis WUE 2594
Neisseria lactamica Y92-1009
Burkholderia pseudomallei NCTC 13177
Clostridium botulinum C str. Eklund
Clostridium cellulovorans 7438
Xenorhabdus nematophila ATCC 19061
laribacter hongkongensis HLHK9
Burkholderia pseudomallei 668
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens QYMF
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Vibrio cholerae 0139
Yersinia ruckeri
Haemophilus haemolyticus M21639
Providencia rettgeri DSM 1131
lactococcus phage phiLC3
Frateuria aurantia DSM 6220
Haemophilus influenzae NT127
Streptococcus phage 2167
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus NJ8700
Streptococcus pneumoniae EU-NPOl
Melissococcus plutonius ATCC 35311
Streptococcus infantis SK970
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
Baciffus subtilis subsp. spizizenii TU-B-10
Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae ATCC 13047
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae
Neisseria bacilliformis ATCC BAA-1200
Clostridium botulinum C str. Stockholm
Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC 2190
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 39016
Bartonella rochalimae ATCC BAA-1498
Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_5R
Comamonas testosteroni 544
Pediococcus acidilactici DSM 20284
Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae str. ATCC BAA-1581
Sodalis glossinidius str. ‘morsitans 1
Streptococcus parauberis KCTC 11537
Bartonella tribocorum CIP 105476
Klebsiella sp. 1_1_55
lactobacillus ruminis SPM0211
Haemophilus paraphrohaemolyticus HK411
Clostridium sporogenes PA 3679
Mannheimia haemolytica PHL213
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. rhinoscferomatis ATCC 13884
Streptococcus phage 8140
Sinorhizobium me/iloti SM11
Streptococcus phage V22
Clostridium botulinum El str, 1BoNT E Beluga’
Streptococcus phage 9429.2
Spirochaeta smaragdinae DSM 11293
Sinorhizobium meliloti AK83
Streptococcus pyogenes str. Manfredo
Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans Z-2901
Streptococcus pneumoniae GA11426
Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC 2242
Streptococcus salivarius JIM8777
Acinetobacter sp. SH024
Burkholderia sp. Chl-1
Streptococcus suis 89/1591
Mesorhizobium loti MAFF303099
Streptococcus suis 5512
listeria monocytogenes FSL N l-017
lodobacteriophage phiPLPE
Bartonella grahamii as4aup
Fusobacterium sp. 12_1B
Cryptobacterium curtum DSM 15641
Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185
Leptotrichia goodfellowii F0264
listeria innocua Cli p11262
Vibrio cholerae non-01/non-0139
Acinetobacter baumannii AB900
Halanaerobium hydrogeniformans
Mycobacterium marinum M
Peptoniphilus duerdenii ATCC BAA-1640
Serratia symbiotica str. Tucson
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis 157F
Campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei 269.97
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa GB514
Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c
Acinetobacter sp. P8-3-8
Streptococcus phage M102
Campylobacter coli 1957
Corynebacterium variabile DSM 44702
Collinsella stercoris DSM 13279
Campylobacter curvus 525.92
Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 2008-988
Campylobacter coli 67-8
Campylobacter coli LMG 9860
Campylobacter coli 2685
Campylobacter coli 132-6
Sebaldella termitidis ATCC 33386
Xylanimonas cellulosilytica DSM 15894
Campylobacter coli 80352
Collinsella aerofaciens ATCC 25986
Aggregatibacter segnls ATCC 33393
Haemophilus parasuis SH0165
Pelobacter propionicus DSM 2379
Haemophilus parasuis 29755
Campylobacter upsaliensis RM3195
Acidithiobacillus caldus SM-1
Acidithiobacillus caldus ATCC 51756
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus TX20005
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IP 32953
Burkholderia pseudomallei Pasteur 52237
Sinorhizobium meliloti CCNWSX0020
Vibrio furnissii CIP 102972
Helicobacter pullorum MIT 98-5489
Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae CIP 102761
Sinorhizobium medlcae WSM419
Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6
Simkania negevensis Z
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii WSM2304
Persephonella marina EX-Hl
Thiocapsa marina 5811
Thiorhodococcus drewsii AZl
Desulfitobacterium metalllreducens DSM 15288
Allochromatium vinosum DSM 180
Vibrio splendidus LGP32
Thermus aquaticus Y51MC23
Enterobacter sp. 638
Thiocystis violascens DSM 198
Vibrio cholerae 1587
Brevundimonas diminuta ATCC 11568
Delftia sp. Csl-4
Corynebacterium diphtheriae C7 (beta)
Cronobacter phage ENT47670
Thiorhodovibrio sp. 970
Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2
Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii TTOl
Psychrobacter sp. PRwf-1
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida 01-8526
Gluconobacter oxydans 621H
Sporosarcina newyorkensis 2681
Acldovorax delafieldil 2AN
Paenibacil/us elgii 869
Methylomicrobium album BG8
Paracoccus denitrificans PD1222
Commensalibacter intestini A911
Mobiluncus curtisil ATCC 51333
listeria monocytogenes str. 1/2a F6854
Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi str. 1704B
Listeria monocytogenes FSL J2-003
Pseudomonas syringae pv, lachrymans str. M301315
Xanthobacter autotrophicus Py2
Ureaplasma parvurn serovar 6 str. ATCC 27818
Rhodococcus phage REQ3
Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar 8 str. ATCC 27618
Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar 12 str. ATCC 33696
Halomonas elongata DSM 2581
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5250
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae BRL-230010
Hafnia alvei ATCC 51873
Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315
Gardnerella vaginalis 409-05
Proteus penneri ATCC 35198
Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus 0139
Pseudoalteromonas sp. BSi20495
Parabacteroides johnsonii DSM 18315
Citrobacter koseri ATCC BAA-895
Borrelia hermsii
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar
Salmonella phage SPNlS
Salmonella enterica subsp, enterica
Shigella dvsenteriae CDC 74• 1112
Corynebacterium striatum ATCC 6940
Klebsiella sp. MS 92-3
Pantoea sp. aB
Proteus mirabilis ATCC 29906
Providencia alcalifaciens DSM 30120
Escherichia phage TL-2011b
Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476
Erwinia phage phiEt88
Gemella sanguinis M325
Serratia odorifera DSM 4582
Pseudomonas brassicacearum subsp.
brassicacearum NFM421
Comamonas testosteroni KF-1
Edwardsiella tarda ATCC 23685
Brenneria sp. EniD312
Legionella pneumophila
Enterococcus faecalis TX0630
Edwardsiella ictaluri 93-146
Edwardsiella tarda EIB202
Acinetobacter radioresistens SK82
Chelativorans sp. BNCl
Moraxella catarrhalis 101P30Bl
Clostridium botulinum B str. Eklund 17B
Xenorhabdus bovieniiSS-2004
Erwinia billingiae Eb661
Methylobacterium nodulans ORS 2060
Pantoea vagans C9-1
Oceanicola sp. 5124
Salmonella enterica subsp, enterica
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.
pneumoniae MGH 78578
Thermovibrio ammonificans HB-1
Corynebacterium glutamicum R
Escherichia phage TL-201lc
Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica serovar Typhimurium
Vibrio angustum 514
Corynebacterium ulcerans BR-AD22
Listeria monocytogenes FSL F2-515
Mycobacterium abscessus M93
Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4
Ahrensia sp. R2A130
Thermoanaerobacter italicus Ab9
Rhodomicrobium vannielii ATCC 17100
Acinetobacter radioresistens SH164
Photobacterium profundum SS9
Segniliparus rotundus DSM 44985
Megamonas funiformis Y/T 11815
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syrlngae B728a
Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola str. ES4326
Moraxella catarrhalis BCl
Eubacterium saburreum DSM 3986
Clostridium hathewayi DSM 13479
aurkholderia sp. CCGE1002
Bacteroides sp. 2_1_33B
Nitratifractor salsuginis DSM 16511
Jonesia denitrificans DSM 20603
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Aeromonas hydrophila
Enterobacter hormaechei ATCC 49162
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas phage phi297
Klebsiella variicola At-22
Burkholderia sp. TJl49
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5243
Burkholderia phymatum STM815
Pseudomonas putida GB-1
Klebsiella pneumoniae 342
Shewanella putrefaciens 200
Saprospfra grandis str. Lewin
Mycobacterium abscessus M94
Bradyrhizobium sp. STM 3843
Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto BEST195
Sodalis phage phiSGl
Parachlamydia acanthamoebae str. Hall's coccus
Achromobacter xylosoxidans AXX-A
Desulfovibrio piger ATCC 29098
Burkholderia dolosa AU0158
Vibrio caribbenthicus ATCC BAA-2122
Dyadobacterfermentans DSM 18053
Kordia algicida OT-1
Flavobacterium indicum G PTSAl00-9
Vibrio harveyi 1DA3
Runella slithyformis DSM 19594
Flavobacterium johnsoniae UW101
Owenweeksia hongkongensis DSM 17368
Riemerella anatipestifer RA-GD
Flavobacteriales bacterium ALC-1
Leadbetterella byssophila DSM 17132
Flavobacterium branchiophilum FL-15
Paenibacillus mucilaginosus K02
Pseudoafteromonas sp. BSi20439
Burkholderia glumae BGRl
Weeksella virosa DSM 16922
Myroides odoratimimus CCUG 10230
Cyclobacterium marinum DSM 745
Lacinutrix sp. SH-3-7-4
Bacteroides stercoris ATCC 43183
Pseudomonas fluorescens F113
Haliscomenobacter hydrossis DSM 1100
Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1
Niastella koreensis GR20-10
Vibrio cholerae LMA3984-4
Muricauda ruestringensis DSM 13258
Lactococcus garvieae Lg2
Burkholderia sp. CCGE1003
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ED99
Flavobacterium columnare ATCC 49512
Bacillus selenitireducens MLS10
Shewanella woodyi ATCC 51908
lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Pedobacter saltans DSM 12145
Flavobacterium psychrophilum JIP02/86
Borrelia burgdorferi B31
Bacteriovorax marinus SJ
Burkholderia sp. 383
Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes 585
Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG 19424
Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1
Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01
Lactobacillus casei BD-11
Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2
Herminiimonas arsenicoxydans
Cellulophaga algicola DSM 14237
Odoribacter laneus YIT 12061
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris CNCM 1-1631
Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34
Coprococcus eutactus ATCC 27759
Lactobacillus plantarum WCFSl
Bacteroides sp. 1_1_30
Clostridium acetobutylicum EA 2018
Streptococcus thermophilus CNCM 1-1630
Clostridium sporogenes ATCC 15579
Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 23K
Zobelfia galactanivorans
Vibrio furnissii NCTC 11218
Oceanimonas sp, GK1
Staphylococcus haemolyticus JCSC1435
Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716
Halobacillus halophilus DSM 2266
Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043
Clostridium botulinum BKT015925
Bordetella bronchiseptica RB50
Providencia stuartii MRSN 2154
Polynucleobacter necessarius subsp.
asymbioticus QLW-PlDMWA-1
Tannerella sp. 6_1_58FAA_CT1
Alistipes indistinctus YIT 12060
Pseudoalteromonas atlantica T6c
Streptococcus mutans UA159
Aliivibrio salmonicida LF11238
Halomonas boliviensis LC1
Bacteroides dorei DSM 17855
Streptococcus intermedius F0395
Weissella koreensis KACC 15510
Lactobacillus sp. 7_1_47FAA
Burkholderia sp. Yl23
Shewanella amazonensis SB2B
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola 1448A
Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus ATCC 43143
Streptococcus pyogenes MGAS1882
Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis OT 420
Sphingobacterium sp. 21
Leptotrichia buccalis C-1013-b
Oceanobacillus iheyensis HTE831
Clostridium hathewayi WAL-18680
Clostridium sp. L2-50
Lactobacillus johnsonii DPC 6026
Streptococcus suis A7
Bordetella avium 197N
Selenomonas noxia F0398
Psychromonas ingrahamii 37
Anaerostipes caccae DSM 14662
Clostridium sp. BN LllOO
Coprococcus comes ATCC 27758
Bordetella petrii DSM 12804
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus JKD6159
Lactobacillus salivarius CECT 5713
Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila ATCC 7966
Tannerella forsythia ATCC 43037
Desulfotomaculum ruminis DSM 2154
Dorea formicigenerans 4_6_53AFAA
Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM 4166
Desu/fosporosinus orientis DSM 765
Enterococcus faecalis 62
Eu bacterium eligens ATCC 27750
Enterococcus saccharolyticus 30_1
Pseudogu lbenkiania sp. NH8B
Cronobacter sakaza kii ATCC BAA-894
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica TAM6421
Clostridium sp. 552/1
Johnsonella ignava ATCC 51276
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449
Ralstonia solanacearum Po82
Oysgonomonas mossii DSM 22836
Para bacteroides merdae ATCC 43184
Dysgonomonas gadei ATCC BAA-286
Bacteroides coprocola DSM 17136
Cellvibrio japonicus Ueda107
Spirocha eta africa na DSM 8902
Facklam ia languida CCUG 37842
Catonella morbi ATCC 51271
Eubacterium ventriosum ATCC 27560
Eikenel la corrodens ATCC 23834
Methylomonas methanica MC09
Citrobacter freundii 4_7_47CFAA
Blautia hvdrogenotrophica DSM 10507
Alteromonas macleodii str. ‘Deep ecotype’
Clostridium asparagiforme DSM 15981
Azotobacter vinelandii DJ
Paenibacillus sp. oral taxon 786 str. 014
Alteromonas sp. SN2
Desulfitobacterium hafniense YSl
Geobacter metallireducens GS-15
Methvlom icrobium a lca liphilum
Saccharophagus degradans 2-40
Me/issococcus plutonius DAT561
Tavlorella asi nigenita lis MCE3
lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulga ricus 2038
Oribacterium sp. ACB1
Bacteroides pectinophilus ATCC 43243
Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae
Ruminococcus lactaris ATCC 29176
Roseburia inulinivorans DSM 16841
Neisseria flavescens N RL30031/H 210
Paenibacillus terrae H PL-003
Shewanella piezotolerans WP3
Pediococcus cfaussenii ATCC BAA-344
Chitinophaga pinensis DSM 2588
Gemella haemolvsans M341
Shewanella sediminis HAW-EB3
Shewanella loihica PV-4
Clostridium hvlemonae DSM 15053
Heliobacterium modesticaldum leel
Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA
Bacteroides ca pillosus ATCC 29799
Shewanel la violacea DSS12
Bacil l us thuringiensis serovar konkukian str. 9727
Shewanella baltica 05678
Spirochaeta coccoides DSM 17374
Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4
Shewanella ba ltica BA175
Prevotella sp. oral taxon 302 str. F0323
Clostridium bolteae ATCC BAA-613
Bacillus sp. 814905
Bacillus sp. JS
Abiotrophia defectiva ATCC 49176
Ruminococcus sp. 5_1_39B_FAA
Coprobacil l us sp. 8_2_54BFAA
Shewanella putrefaciens CN-32
Neisseria lactamica 020-06
Catenibacterium mitsuokai DSM 15897
Neisseria gonorrhoeae TCDC-NGD8107
Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 • ATCC 14580
Clostridium sp. 7_3_54FAA
Glaciecola nitratireducens FR1064
Listeria seeligeri serovar 1/2b str. SLCC3954
Escherichia phage phiVlO
Eubacterium sp. 3_1_31
Parvimonas micra ATCC 33270
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae str. Fujisawa
Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum DAL-1
Clostridium nexile DSM 1787
Clostridium spiroforme DSM 1552
Pectobacterium atrosepticum SCRl1043
Sphaerochaeta globus str. Buddy
Rahnella aquatilis CIP 78.65 = ATCC 33071
Clostridium kluyveri NBRC 12016
Clostridium perfringens WAL-14572
Shuttleworthia satelles DSM 14600
Sphaerochaeta pleomorpha str. Grapes
Lactobacillus helveticus H lO
Prevotella micans F0438
Pantoea ananatis PA13
Pantoea ananatis LMG 20103
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesentero1des 118
Anaeromyxobacter sp. Fw109-5
Serratia sp. AS13
Prevotella maculosa OT 289
Acetobacterium woodii DSM 1030
Roseburia hominis A2-183
Mycoplasma fermentans PG18
Thiobacillus denitrificans ATCC 25259
Yersinia enterocoJitica subsp. palearctica Yll
Desulfobacterium autotrophicum HRM2
Sorangium cellulosum 1 $0 ce 561
Subdoligranulum sp. 4_3_54A2FAA
Prevotella histicola F0411
Arcobacter butzleri ED-1
Eubacterium limosum KlST612
Arcobacter nitrofigilis DSM 7299
Leuconostoc sp. C2
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168
Eubacterium hallii DSM 3353
Cellulophaga lytica DSM 7489
Mycoplasma hyorhinis HUB-1
Mycoplasma hyorhinis MCLD
Helcococcus kunzii ATCC 51366
Campylobacter showae RM3277
Granulicella mallensis MP5ACTX8
Helicobacter pylori 83
Arcobacter sp, L
Gluconacetobacter xylinus NBRC 3288
Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241
Treponema brennaborense DSM 12168
Myroides odoratimimus CIP 101113
Granulibacter bethesdensis CGDN/Hl
Bacteroides sp. 2_2_4
Campylobacter je juni
Bacteroides sp. 020
Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NGS0-2
Bacteroides sp. 9_1_42FAA
Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806
Bacteroides fragilis 3_1_12
l mtechella ha lotolera ns Kl
Acaryochloris marina MBlC11017
Caldilinea aerophila DSM 14535 = N BRC 104270
Planctomyces brasiliensis DSM 5305
Bacteroides sp. Dl
Trichodesmium erythraeum 1MS101
Abiotrophia defectiva ATCC 49176
Acaryochloris marina MBIC11017
Acetobacteraceae bacterium AT-5844
Acetobacterium woodii DSM 1030
Achromobacter xylosoxidans AXX-A
Acidithiobacillus ca Idus ATCC 51756
Acidithiobacillus caldus SM-1
Acidovorax delafieldii 2AN
Acinetobacter baumannii AB900
Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606
Acinetobacter radioresistens SH164
Acinetobacter radioresistens SH164
Acinetobacter radioresistens SK82
Acinetobacter radioresistens SK82
Acinetobacter radioresistens SK82
Acinetobacter sp. P8-3-8
Acinetobacter sp. P8-3-8
Acinetobacter sp. SH024
Aeromonas hydrophila
Aeromonas hydrophila
Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila ATCC 7966
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida 01-B526
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus NJ8700
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus NJ8700
Aggregatibacter segnis ATCC 33393
Agrobacteri um tumefaciens
Ahrensia sp. R2A130
Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2
Aliivibrio salmonicida LFl1238
Aliivibrio salmonicida LFl1238
Alistipes indistinctus VIT 12060
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens QVMF
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens QVMF
Allochromati um vinosum DSM 180
Alteromonas macleodiistr. ‘Deep ecotype’
Alteromonas macleodiistr. ‘Deep ecotype’
Alteromonas sp. SN2
Anaeromyxobacter sp. Fw109-5
Anaerostipes caccae DSM 14662
Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241
Arcobacter butzleri ED-1
Arcobacter nitrofigilis DSM 7299
Arcobacter sp. L
Avibacterium paragallinarum
Azotobacter vinelandii DJ
Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 = ATCC 14580
Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4
Bacillus selenitireducens MLS10
Bacillus sp. B14905
Bacillus sp. JS
Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto BEST195
Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii TU-B-10
Bacillus thuringiensis serovar konkukian str. 97-27
Bacteriovorax marinus SJ
Bacteriovorax marinus SJ
Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185
Bacteroides capillosus ATCC 29799
Bacteroides coprocola DSM 17136
Bacteroides dorei DSM 17855
Bacteroides fragilis 3_1_12
Bacteroides pectinophilus ATCC 43243
Bacteroides sp. 1_1_30
Bacteroides sp. 2_1_338
Bacteroides sp. 2_2_4
8acteroides sp. 9_1_42FAA
8acteroides sp. Dl
8acteroides sp. D20
8acteroides stercoris ATCC 43183
8acteroides stercoris ATCC 43183
8artonella grahamii as4aup
Bartonella rochalimae ATCC BAA-1498
8artonella schoenbuchensis Rl
Bartonella schoenbuchensis Rl
8artonella schoenbuchensis Rl
8artonella schoenbuchensis Rl
8artonella schoenbuchensis Rl
Bartonella sp. AR 15-3
Bartonella tribocorum CIP 105476
8artonella tribocorum CIP 105476
8ifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis 157F
Blautia hydrogenotrophica DSM 10507
Bordetella avium 197N
8ordetella bronchiseptica RB50
Bordetella petrii DSM 12804
Borrelia burgdorferi B31
Borrelia hermsii
Bradyrhizobium sp. STM 3843
Brenneria sp. EniD312
Brevundimonas diminuta ATCC 11568
8urkholderia cenocepacia J2315
Burkholderia dolosa AU0158
Burkholderia glumae 8GR1
Burkholderia phymatum STM815
Burkholderia pseudomallei 668
Burkholderia pseudomallei NCTC 13177
Burkholderia pseudomallei Pasteur 52237
Burkholderia sp. 383
8urkholderia sp. CCGE1002
Burkholderia sp. CCGE1003
8urkholderia sp. Chl-1
8urkholderia sp. TJl49
Burkholderia sp. Vl23
Caldicellulosiruptor hydrothermalis 108
Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii 177R1B
Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis 2002
Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus DSM 8903
Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus DSM 8903
Caldilinea aerophila DSM 14535 = NBRC 104270
Campylobacter coli 132-6
Campylobacter coli 1957
Campylobacter coli 2685
Campylobacter coli 67-8
Campylobacter coli 80352
Campylobacter coli LMG 9860
Campylobacter curvus 525.92
Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei 269.97
Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 2008-988
Campylobacter showae RM3277
Campylobacter upsaliensis RM3195
Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans Z-2901
Catenibacterium mitsuokai DSM 15897
Catonella morbi ATCC 51271
Cellulophaga algicola DSM 14237
Cellulophaga a/gico/a DSM 14237
Cellulophaga lytica DSM 7489
Cellvibrio japonicus Ueda107
Chelativorans sp. BNCl
Chitinophaga pinensis DSM 2588
Chromohalobacter sa/exigens DSM 3043
Citrobacter freundii 4_7_47CFAA
Citrobacter koseri ATCC BAA-895
Clostridium acetobutylicum EA 2018
Clostridium asparagiforme DSM 15981
Clostridium bolteae ATCC BAA-613
Clostridium botulinum B str. Eklund 178
Clostridium botulinum BKT015925
Clostridium botulinum C str. Eklund
Clostridium botulinum C str. Eklund
Clostridium botulinum C str. Stockholm
Clostridium botulinum El str. ‘BoNT E Beluga’
Clostridium cellulovorans 7438
Clostridium hathewayi DSM 13479
Clostridium hathewayi DSM 13479
Clostridium hathewayi WAL-18680
Clostridium hylemonae DSM 15053
Clostridium kluyveri NBRC 12016
Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476
Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476
Clostridium nexile DSM 1787
Clostridium sp. 7_3_54FAA
Clostridium sp. BNLllOO
C/ostridium sp. L2-50
Clostridium sp. SS2/1
Clostridium spiroforme DSM 1552
C/ostridium sporogenes ATCC 15579
C/ostridium sporogenes PA 3679
Collinsel/a aerofaciens ATCC 25986
Collinsella stercoris DSM 13279
Comamonas testosteroni KF-1
Comamonas testosteroni S44
Commensa /ibacter intestlni A911
Coprobacillus sp. 8_2_54BFAA
Coprococcus comes ATCC 27758
Coprococcus eutactus ATCC 27759
Corallococcus coralloides DSM 2259
Corynebacterium diphtheriae C7 (beta)
Corynebacterium glutamlcum R
Corynebacterium striatum ATCC 6940
Corynebacterium ulcerans BR-AD22
Corynebacterium variabile DSM 44702
Cronobacter phage ENT47670
Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC BAA-894
Cryptobacterium curtum DSM 15641
Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34
Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG 19424
Cyclobacterium marinum DSM 745
Delftia sp. Csl-4
Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51
Desulfitobacterium metallireducens DSM 15288
Desulfobacterium autotrophicum HRM2
Desulfosporosinus orientis DSM 765
Desulfotomaculum ruminis DSM 2154
Desulfovibrio piger ATCC 29098
Dorea formicigenerans 4_6_53AFAA
Dyadobacter fermentans DSM 18053
Dyadobacter fermentans DSM 18053
Dysgonomonas gadei ATCC BAA-286
Dysgonomonas gadei ATCC BAA-286
Dysgonomonas mossii DSM 22836
Edwardsie/la ictaluri 93-146
Edwardsiel/a ictaluri 93-146
Edwardsiella tarda ATCC 23685
Edwardsiella tarda EIB202
Eikenella corrodens ATCC 23834
Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC 2190
Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC 2190
Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae ATCC 13047
Enterobacter hormaechei ATCC 49162
Enterobacter sp. 638
Enterobacteria phage lambda
Enterobacteria phage Min27
Enterococcus faecalis 62
Enterococcus faecalis TX0630
Enterococcus saccharolyticus 30_1
Erwinia billingiae Eb661
Erwinia billingiae Eb661
Erwinia phage phiEt88
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae str. Fujisawa
Escherichia fergusonii ECD227
Escherichia phage phiVlO
Escherichia phage TL-20l b
Escherichia phage TL-20llc
Eubacterium eligens ATCC 27750
Eubacterium hallii DSM 3353
Eubacterium limosum KIST612
Eubacterium saburreum DSM 3986
Eubacterium sp. 3_1_31
Eubacterium ventriosum ATCC 27560
Facklamia languida CCUG 37842
Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes S85
Flavobacterium branchiophilum FL-15
Flavobacterium branchiophilum FL-15
Flavobacterium columnare ATCC 49512
Flavobacterium columnare ATCC 49512
Flavobacterium indicum GPTSAl00-9
Flavobacterium indicum GPTSAl00-9
Flavobacterium johnsoniae UW101
Flavobacterium johnsoniae UW101
Flavobacterium psychrophilum J/POZ/86
Flavobacterium psychrophilum JIP02/86
Frateuria aurantia DSM 6220
Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis OT 420
Fusobacterium sp. 12_1B
Fusobacterium sp. 12_1B
Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_5R
Gardnerella vaginalis 409-05
Gemella haemolysans M341
Gemella sanguinis M325
Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2
Geobacter metallireducens GS-15
Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA
Glaciecola nitratireducens FR1064
Gluconacetobacter oboediens 174Bp2
Gluconacetobacter oboediens 174Bp2
Gluconacetobacter oboediens 174Bp2
Gluconacetobacter xylinus NBRC 3288
Gluconobacter oxydans 621H
Gluconobacter oxydans 621H
Granulibacter bethesdensis CGDNIHl
Granulicella mallensis MP5ACTX8
Haemophilus haemolyticus M21639
Haemophilus influenzae NT127
Haemophilus influenzae R3021
Haemophilus influenzae R3021
Haemophilus paraphrohaemolyticus HK411
Haemophilus parasuis 29755
Haemophilus parasuis SH0165
Hafnia alvei ATCC 51873
Halanaerobium hydrogeniformans
Haliscomenobacter hydrossis DSM llOO
Halobacillus halophilus DSM 2266
Halomonas boliviensis LCl
Halomonas elongata DSM 2581
Halomonas elongata DSM 2581
Helcococcus kunzii ATCC 51366
Helicobacter cinaedi CCUG 18818
Helicobacter pullorum MIT 98-5489
Helicobacter pullorum MIT 98-5489
Helicobacter pylori 83
Heliobacterium modesticaldum lcel
Herminiimonas arsenicoxydans
Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6
lmtechella halotoferans Kl
Johnsonella ignava ATCC 51276
Jonesia denitrificans DSM 20603
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5243
Klebsiella oxytoca 10-5250
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae 342
Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC 2242
Klebsiella pneumoniae KCTC 2242
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae MGH 78578
Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. rhinoscleromatis ATCC 13884
Klebsiella sp. 1_1_55
Klebsiella sp. MS 92-3
Klebsiella variicola At-22
Kordia algicida OT-1
Lacinutrix sp. 5H-3-7-4
Lacinutrix sp. 5H-3-7-4
Lactobacillus casei BD-11
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 2038
Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716
Lactobacillus helveticus H10
Lactobacillus johnsoni i DPC 6026
Lactobacillus plantarum WCFSl
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Lactobacillus ruminis SPM0211
Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 23K
Lactobacillus salivarius CECT 5713
Lactobacillus sp. 7_1_47FAA
Lactococcus garvieae Lg2
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris CNCM 1-1631
Lactococcus phage phiLC3
Lactococcus phage phismq86
Laribacter hongkongensis HLHK9
Leadbetterella byssophila DSM 17132
Leadbetterella byssophila DSM 17132
Legionella pneumophila
Leptotrichia buccalis C-1013-b
Leptotrichia goodfellowii F0264
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides J18
Leuconostoc sp. C2
Listeria innocua Clipl 262
Listeria ivanovii FSL F6-596
Listeria monocytogenes FSL F2-515
Listeria monocytogenes FSLJ2-003
Listeria monocytogenes FSL J2-003
Listeria monocytogenes FSL N1-017
Listeria monocytogenes FSL R2-503
Listeria monocytogenes FSL R2-S03
Listeria monocytogenes str. 1/2a F6854
Listeria seeligeri serovar 1/2b str. SLCC3954
Mannheimia haemolytica PHL213
Megamonas funiformis VIT 11815
Melissococcus plutonius ATCC 35311
Melissococcus plutonius DAT561
Mesorhizobium Ioli MAFF303099
Methylobacterium nodulans ORS 2060
Methylobacterium nodu/ans ORS 2060
Methylobacterium nodulans ORS 2060
Methylobacterium nodulans ORS 2060
Methylomicrobium album BG8
Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum
Methylomonas methanica MC09
Microcyst'1s aeruginosa PCC 7806
Mobiluncus curtisii ATCC 51333
Moraxella catarrhalis 101P3081
Moraxella catarrhalis 8Cl
Muricauda ruestringensis DSM 13258
Muricauda ruestringensis DSM 13258
Mycobacterium abscessus M93
Mycobacterium abscessus M94
Mycobacterium marinum M
Mycoplasma fermentans PG18
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168
Mycoplasma hyorhinis HU8-l
Mycoplasma hyorhinis MCLD
Myroides adoratimimus CCUG 10230
Myroides adoratimimus CIP 101113
Myxacoccus fulvus HW-1
Myxacoccus fulvus HW-1
Myxococcus xanthus DK 1622
Neisseria bacilliformis ATCC 8AA-1200
Neisseria flavescens NRL30031/H210
Neisseria gonorrhoeae TCDC-NG08107
Neisseria lactamica 020-06
Neisseria lactamica Y92-1009
Neisseria meningitidis WUE 2594
Niastella koreensis GR20-10
Nitratifractor salsuginis DSM 16511
Oceanicola sp. Sl24
Oceanimonas sp. GKl
Oceanimonas sp. GKl
Oceanobacillus iheyensis HTE831
Odoribacter laneus YIT 12061
Oribacterium sp. ACBl
Owenweeksia hongkongensis DSM 17368
Owenweeksia hongkongensis DSM 17368
Paenibacillus elgii 869
Paenibacillus elgii 869
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae 8-3650
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae B-3650
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae 8-3650
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae 8-3650
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae 8RL-230010
Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae 8RL-230010
Paenibacillus mucilaginasus K02
Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2
Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2
Paenibacillus sp. oral taxon 786 str. D14
Paenibacillus terrae HPL-003
Pantoea ananatis LMG 20103
Pantoea ananatis PA13
Pantoea ananatis PA13
Pantoea sp. aB
Pantoea vagans C9-1
Parabacteroides johnsonii DSM 18315
Parabacteroides johnsoni i DSM 18315
Parabacteroides merdae ATCC 43184
Parabacteroides merdae ATCC 43184
Parachlamydia acanthamoebae str. Hall's coccus
Paracoccus denitrificans PD1222
Parvimonas micra ATCC 33270
Pectobacterium atrosepticum SCRI 1043
Pediococcus acidilactici DSM 20284
Pediococcus claussenii ATCC BAA-344
Pedobacter saltans DSM 12145
Pelobacter propionicus DSM 2379
Pelobacter propionicus DSM 2379
Peptoniphilus duerdenii ATCC BAA-1640
Persephonella marina EX-Hl
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae CIP 102761
Photobacterium profundum SS9
Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii TTOl
Planctomyces brasiliensis DSM 5305
Polynucleobacter necessarius subsp. asymbioticus QLW-Pl DMWA-1
Prevotel/ a histico/a F0411
Prevotella maculosa OT 289
Prevote/la micans F0438
Prevotel/a sp. oral taxon 302 str. F0323
Proteus mirabi/is ATCC 29906
Proteus penneri ATCC 35198
Proteus penneri ATCC 35198
Providencia alca/ifaciens DSM 30120
Providencia alcalifaciens DSM 30120
Providencia rettgeri
Providencia rettgeri DSM 1131
Providencia rettgeri DSM 1131
Providencia stuartii MRSN 2154
Pseudoalteromonas atlantica T6c
Pseudoalteromonas at/antica T6c
Pseudoalteromonas sp. BSi20439
Pseudoa/teromonas sp. BSi20439
Pseudoalteromonas sp. BSi20439
Pseudoalteromonas sp. BSi20495
Pseudogulbenkiania sp. NH8B
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 39016
Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18
Pseudomonas brassicacearum subsp. brassicacearum NFM421
Pseudomonas f/uorescens F113
Pseudomonas fluorescens PI0-1
Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW2S
Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01
Pseudomonas phage phi297
Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1
Pseudomonas putida GB-1
Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM 4166
Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM 4166
Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans str. M30131S
Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola str. ES4326
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola 1448A
Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi str. 17048
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a
Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4
Psychrobacter sp. PRwf-1
Psychromonas ingrahamii 37
Psychromonas ingrahamii 37
Rahnella aquatilis CIP 78.6S = ATCC 33071
Ralstonia solanacearum Po82
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii WSM2304
Rhodococcus phage REQ3
Rhodomicrobium vannielii ATCC 17100
Riemerella anatipestifer RA-GD
Roseburia hominis A2-183
Roseburia inulinivorans DSM 16841
Ruminococcus lactaris ATCC 29176
Ruminococcus sp. S_1_39B_FAA
Runella slithyformis DSM 19S94
Runella slithyformis DSM 19S94
Saccharophagus degradans 2-40
Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae serovar 62: z4, z23: — str. RSK2980
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gaminara str. A4-S67
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Javiana str. GA_MM04042433
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Kentucky str. CDC 191
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Mississippi str. A4-633
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Montevideo str. SARB30
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Rubislaw str. A4-6S3
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Senftenberg str. A4-S43
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. 404ty
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. 404ty
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. 404ty
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. AG3
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae str. ATCC BAA-1581
Salmonella phage SPNlS
Saprospira grandis str. Lewin
Saprospira grandis str. Lewin
Sebaldella termitidis ATCC 33386
Segniliparus rotundus DSM 4498S
Selenomonas noxia F0398
Selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica TAM6421
Serratia odorifera DSM 4582
Serratia sp. AS13
Serratia symbiotica str. Tucson
Shewanella amazonensis SB2B
Shewanella baltica BA175
Shewanella baltica 05678
Shewanella Joihica PV-4
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Shewanella piezotolerans WP3
Shewanella piezotolerans WP3
Shewanella putrefaciens 200
Shewanella putrefaciens CN-32
Shewanella sediminis HAW-EB3
Shewanella sediminis HAW-EB3
Shewanella violacea DSS12
Shewanella violacea DSS12
Shewanella woodyi ATCC 51908
Shigella dvsenteriae
Shigella dysenteriae 1617
Shigella dysenteriae CDC 74-1112
Shuttleworthia satelles DSM 14600
Simkania negevensis Z
Sinorhizobium medicae WSM419
Sinorhizobium medicae WSM419
Sinorhizobium meliloti AK83
Sinorhizobium meliloti AK83
Sinorhizobium meliloti CCNWSX0020
Sinorhizobium meliloti SMll
Sodalis glossinidius str. ‘morsitans'
Sodalis phage phiSGl
Sorangium cellulosum ‘So ce 56’
Sphaerochaeta globus str. Buddy
Sphaerochaeta pleomorpha str. Grapes
Sphingobacterium sp. 21
Sphingobacterium sp. 21
Spirochaeta africana DSM 8902
Spirochaeta coccoides DSM 17374
Spirochaeta smaragdinae DSM 11293
Spirochaeta smaragdinae DSM 11293
Sporosarcina newyorkensis 2681
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus D139
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus JKD6159
Staphylococcus haemolyticus JCSC143S
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ED99
Stigmatella aurantiaca DW4/3-1
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus ATCC 43143
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus TX20005
Streptococcus infantis SK970
Streptococcus intermedius F0395
Streptococcus mutans UA159
Streptococcus parauberis KCTC 11537
Streptococcus phage 2167
Streptococcus phage 8140
Streptococcus phage 9429.2
Streptococcus phage M102
Streptococcus phage M102
Streptococcus phage V22
Streptococcus pneumoniae EU-NPOl
Streptococcus pneumoniae GAI 1426
Streptococcus pyogenes MGAS1882
Streptococcus pyogenes str. Manfredo
Streptococcus salivarius JIM8777
Streptococcus suis 89/1591
Streptococcus suis A7
Streptococcus suis SS12
Streptococcus thermophilus CNCM 1-1630
Subdoligranulum sp. 4_3_54A2FAA
Tannerella forsythia ATCC 43037
Tannerella forsythia ATCC 43037
Tannerella sp. 6_1_58FAA_CT1
Tannerella sp. 6_1_58FAA_CT1
Tavlorella asinigenitalis MCE3
Thermoanaerobacter italicus Ab9
Thermovibrio ammonificans HB-1
Therm us aquaticus Y51MC23
Thiobacillus denitrificans ATCC 25259
Thiocapsa marina 5811
Thiocapsa marina 5811
Thiocystis violascens DSM 198
Thiorhodococcus drewsii AZl
Thiorhodococcus drewsii AZl
Thiorhodococcus drewsii All
Thiorhodovibrio sp. 970
Thiorhodovibrio sp. 970
Thiorhodovibrio sp. 970
Thiorhodovi brio sp. 970
Treponema brennaborense DSM 12168
Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum DAL-1
Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101
Ureaplasma parvum serovar 6 str. ATCC 27818
Ureaplasma urealyticum serovar 12 str. ATCC 33696
Ureaplasma urea/yticum serovar 8 str. ATCC 27618
Vibrio angustum S14
Vibrio caribbenthicus ATCC BAA-2122
Vibrio cholerae 1587
Vibrio cholerae LMA3984-4
Vibrio cholerae LMA3984-4
Vibrio cholerae non-Ol/non-0139
Vibrio cholerae 0139
Vibrio furnissii CIP 102972
Vibrio furnissii NCTC 11218
Vibrio harvevi 1DA3
Vibrio harvevi 1DA3
Vibrio splendidus LGP32
Weeksella virosa DSM 16922
Weissella koreensis KACC 15510
Xanthobacter autotrophicus Pv2
Xenorhabdus bovienii SS-2004
Xenorhabdus nematophila ATCC 19061
xvlanimonas cellulosilvtica DSM 15894
Xvlella fastidiosa 9a5c
Xvlella fastidiosa Ann-1
Xvlella fastidiosa Ann-1
Xvlella fastidiosa Ann-1
Xvlella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa GB514
Versinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica Vll
Versinia pseudotuberculosis IP 32953
Yersinia ruckeri
Zobellia galactanivorans
Zobellia galactanivorans
Acidithiobacillus caldus
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
Allochromatium vinosum
Anaerocellum thermophilum
Bartonella grahamii
Bartonella tribocorum
Bartonella tribocorum
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Caldicellulosi ruptor hvdrothermalis
Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii
Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis
Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolvticus
Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolvticus
Campylobacter curvus
Campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei
Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans
Clostridium cellulovorans
Clostridium difficile
Corallococcus coralloides
Corynebacterium variabile
cvanophage pSS2
Delftia sp.
Drosophila melanogaster
Enterobacter aerogenes
Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae
Enterobacter sp.
Escherichia coli
Escherichia fergusonii
Frateuria aurantia
Gluconobacter oxydans
Haemophilus parasuis serovar 5
Halanaerobium sp.
Homo sapiens
Hydrogenobacter thermophilus
Lactotoccus phage ul16.2
Laribacter hongkongensis
Legionella pneumophila
Listeria innocua serovar 6a
Listeria phage A118
Melissococcus plutonius
Mycobacterium marinum
Myxococcus fulvus
Myxococcus xanthus
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A
Paenibacillus sp.
Paracoccus denitrificans
Pelobacter propionicus
Persephonella marina
Photorhabdus luminescens
Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii
Proteus mirabilis
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Psychrobacter sp.
Rhizobium loti
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Salmonella heidelberg
Salmonella newport
Salmonella paratyphi B
Salmonella typhi
Saprospira grandis
Shewanella putrefaciens
Shewanella sp.
Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1
Sinorhizobium meliloti
Sinorhizobium meliloti
Sodalis glossinidius
Spirochaeta smaragdinae
Spirochaeta smaragdinae
Stigmatella aurantiaca
Streptococcus parauberis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype Ml
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M12
Streptococcus pyogenes serotype MS
Streptococcus salivarius
Thermovibrio ammonificans
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae serotype 01
Vibrio splendidus
Xenorhabdus bovienii
Xylanimonas cellulosilytica
Xylella fastidiosa
Xylella fastidiosa
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
The following references may be referred to within the specification by author and date and are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties at the location within the specification where they are referenced.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/291,499 filed on Feb. 4, 2016 and to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/315,336 filed on Mar. 30, 2016 which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
This invention was made with government support under DE-FG02-02ER63445 awarded by the Department of Energy. The government has certain rights in the invention.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US17/16184 | 2/2/2017 | WO | 00 |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
62315336 | Mar 2016 | US | |
62291499 | Feb 2016 | US |