Claims
- 1. A method for conducting a chemical reaction in a non-fluorous medium using a fluorous compound in the presence of a solid adsorbant containing a fluorous domain and at least one chemical reactant, the method comprising:
contacting the fluorous compound and the at least one chemical reactant under conditions that form at least one product.
- 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorous compound is transformed into at least one fluorous product.
- 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one chemical reactant is transformed into at least one chemical product.
- 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent.
- 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst.
- 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-fluorous medium further comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, an inorganic solvent and mixtures thereof.
- 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluorinated polymers, highly fluorinated polymers, non-fluorous polymers into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, biomaterials into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, inorganic oxides onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, solid polymeric materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, extended domain materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, non-polymeric materials containing fluorous domains, oligomeric materials containing fluorous domains, and mixtures thereof.
- 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is in a form selected from the group consisting of pellets, shavings, powders, amorphous solids, gels, a coating, and mixtures thereof.
- 9. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising changing at least one reaction condition such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium decreases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain increases,
wherein the changing at least one reaction condition is selected from the group consisting of adjusting the temperature, adjusting a solvent concentration, adding an additive, and combinations thereof.
- 10. The method of claim 9, wherein adjusting the temperature comprises reducing the temperature, and adjusting the solvent concentration is selected from the group consisting of adding at least one organic solvent, adding at least one inorganic solvent, removing an organic solvent, and removing an inorganic solvent.
- 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the changing at least one reaction condition comprises reducing the temperature of the chemical reaction from a first temperature to a second temperature such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium decreases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain increases.
- 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium after changing the at least one reaction condition is less than 0.01 M.
- 13. The method of claim 9, the method further comprising separating the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound from the at least one chemical product.
- 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound is separated from the at least one chemical product using a separation technique selected from the group consisting of decantation, filtration, and centrifugation.
- 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst, the method further comprising submitting the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound to a second chemical reaction.
- 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent, the method further comprising regenerating the fluorous reagent and submitting the regenerated fluorous reagent to a second chemical reaction.
- 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorous compound has a general formula:
- 18. The method of claim 17, wherein D is phosphorous, R is —CH2—, n is an integer from 2 to 5, m is equal to 1, and y is equal to 3.
- 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the fluorous compound has a formula P((CH2)2(CF2)7CF3)3.
- 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorous compound has a general formula:
- 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the fluorous compound has a formula ClRh[P(CH2CH2(CF2)5CF3)3]3.
- 22. A method for conducting a chemical reaction in a non-fluorous medium using a fluorous compound in the presence of a solid adsorbant containing a fluorous domain and at least one chemical reactant, wherein the fluorous compound is initially absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain, the method comprising:
contacting the fluorous compound and at the least one chemical reactant under conditions that form at least one product.
- 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the fluorous compound is transformed into at least one fluorous product.
- 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the chemical reactant is transformed into at least one chemical product.
- 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent.
- 26. The method of claim 22, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst.
- 27. The method of claim 22, wherein the non-fluorous medium further comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, an inorganic solvent and mixtures thereof
- 28. The method of claim 22, the method further comprising changing a first reaction condition from a first state to a second state, such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium increases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain decreases,
wherein the changing the first reaction condition is selected from the group consisting of increasing temperature, adding a co-solvent, adding an additive, and combinations thereof.
- 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the changing the first reaction condition comprises raising the temperature of the chemical reaction from a first temperature to a second temperature, such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium increases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain decreases.
- 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium at the first temperature is less than 0.01 M.
- 31. The method of claim 22, the method further comprising changing a second reaction condition from the second state to a third state, such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium decreases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain increases,
wherein the changing at least one reaction condition is selected from the group consisting of adjusting the temperature, adjusting a solvent concentration, adding an additive, and combinations thereof.
- 32. The method of claim 31, wherein changing the second reaction condition comprises reducing the temperature of the chemical reaction from the second temperature to a third temperature, such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium decreases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain increases.
- 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium at the third temperature is less than 0.01 M.
- 34. The method of claim 22, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluorinated polymers, highly fluorinated polymers, non-fluorous polymers into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, biomaterials into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, inorganic oxides onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, solid polymeric materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, extended domain materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, non-polymeric materials containing fluorous domains, oligomeric materials containing fluorous domains and mixtures thereof.
- 35. The method of claim 22, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is in a form selected from the group consisting of spellet, shavings, powders, amorphous solids, gels, a coating, and mixtures thereof.
- 36. The method of claim 22, the method further comprising separating the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound from the at least one chemical product.
- 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound is separated from the at least one chemical product using a separation technique selected from the group consisting of decantation, filtration, and centrifugation.
- 38. The method of claim 36, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst, the method further comprising submitting the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound to a second chemical reaction.
- 39. The method of claim 36, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent, the method further comprising regenerating the fluorous reagent and submitting the regenerated fluorous reagent to a second chemical reaction.
- 40. The method of claim 22, wherein the fluorous compound has a general formula:
- 41. The method of claim 40, wherein D is phosphorous, R is —CH2—, n is an integer from 2 to 5, m is equal to 1, and y is equal to 3.
- 42. The method of claim 40, wherein the fluorous compound has a formula P((CH2)2(CF2)7CF3)3.
- 43. The method of claim 22, wherein the fluorous compound has a general formula:
- 44. The method of claim 43, wherein the fluorous compound has a formula CIRh[P(CH2CH2(CF2)5CF3)3]3.
- 45. A method for conducting a chemical reaction in a non-fluorous medium using a fluorous compound and at least one chemical reactant, the method comprising:
contacting the fluorous compound and at least one chemical reactant under conditions that form at least one product; adding solid adsorbant containing a fluorous domain; and reducing the temperature of the chemical reaction from a first temperature to a second temperature such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium decreases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain increases.
- 46. The method of claim 45, wherein the fluorous compound is transformed into at least one fluorous product.
- 47. The method of claim 45, wherein the chemical reactant is transformed into at least one chemical product.
- 48. The method of claim 45, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent.
- 49. The method of claim 45, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst.
- 50. The method of claim 45, wherein the non-fluorous medium further comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, an inorganic solvent and mixtures thereof.
- 51. The method of claim 45, wherein the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium at the second temperature is less than 0.01 M.
- 52. The method of claim 45, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluorinated polymers, highly fluorinated polymers, non-fluorous polymers into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, biomaterials into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, inorganic oxides onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, solid polymeric materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, extended domain materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, non-polymeric materials containing fluorous domains, oligomeric materials containing fluorous domains and mixtures thereof.
- 53. The method of claim 45, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is in a form selected from the group consisting of pellets, shavings, powders amorphous solids, gels, a coating, and mixtures thereof.
- 54. The method of claim 45, the method further comprising separating the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound from the at least one chemical product.
- 55. The method of claim 54, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound is separated from the at least one chemical product using a separation technique selected from the group consisting of decantation, filtration, and centrifugation.
- 56. The method of claim 54, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst, the method further comprising submitting the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound to a second chemical reaction.
- 57. The method of claim 54, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent, the method further comprising regenerating the fluorous reagent and submitting the regenerated fluorous reagent to a second chemical reaction.
- 58. A method for conducting a chemical reaction using a fluorous compound in a non-fluorous medium, in the presence of a solid adsorbant containing a fluorous domain and at least one chemical reactant, wherein the fluorous compound is initially absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain, the method comprising:
increasing the temperature of the chemical reaction from a first temperature to a second temperature, such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium increases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain decreases; contacting the fluorous compound and at least one chemical reactant under conditions that form at least one product; and decreasing the temperature from the second temperature to a third temperature, such that the solubility of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous medium decreases and the amount of the fluorous compound absorbed on the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain increases.
- 59. The method of claim 58, wherein the non-fluorous medium is selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, an inorganic solvent, and mixtures thereof.
- 60. The method of claim 58, wherein the fluorous compound is transformed into at least one fluorous product.
- 61. The method of claim 58, wherein the chemical reactant is transformed into at least one chemical product.
- 62. The method of claim 58, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent.
- 63. The method of claim 58, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst.
- 64. The method of claim 58, wherein the solubilities of the fluorous compound in the non-fluorous solvent at the first temperature and the third temperature are each less than 0.01 M.
- 65. The method of claim 58, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluorinated polymers, highly fluorinated polymers, non-fluorous polymers into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, biomaterials into which fluorous domains have been incorporated, inorganic oxides onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, solid polymeric materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, extended domain materials onto which fluorous domains have been introduced, non-polymeric materials containing fluorous domains, oligomeric materials containing fluorous domains and mixtures thereof.
- 66. The method of claim 58, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain is in a form selected from the group consisting of pellets, shavings, powders, amorphous solids, gels, a coating, and mixtures thereof.
- 67. The method of claim 58, the method further comprising separating the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound from the at least one chemical product.
- 68. The method of claim 67, wherein the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound is separated from the at least one chemical product using a separation technique selected from the group consisting of decantation, filtration, and centrifugation.
- 69. The method of claim 67, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous catalyst, the method further comprising submitting the solid adsorbant containing the fluorous domain with the absorbed fluorous compound to a second chemical reaction.
- 70. The method of claim 67, wherein the fluorous compound is a fluorous reagent, the method further comprising regenerating the fluorous reagent and submitting the regenerated fluorous reagent to a second chemical reaction.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application, Serial No. 60/411,439, entitled “Recovery Method for Catalyst, Reagents and Co-Products”, filed Sep. 17, 2002, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
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60411439 |
Sep 2002 |
US |