Wood shakes and roof shingles are conventionally made of cedar, redwood, or cypress, all of which are decay resistant. Roof shakes often provide an aesthetically pleasing shadow effect on the roof and nicely complement shake or other natural wood siding, in part due to the upper surface topography, and in part due to the taper that is unique to handsplit, resawn, and tapersplit wood shakes.
However, compared with other commercially available roofing materials (e.g., asphalt shingles), wood shakes are not resistant to fire and some states have passed laws and/or implemented building codes that prohibit or restrict the use of wood shakes or shingles for roofing. Also, wood shakes are prone to expansion and contraction which must be accounted for during installation, may break when subjected to heavy loads, such as falling limbs or workmen, and may become brittle and friable near the end of their useful life.
Accordingly, a shake or shingle may be formed from synthetic materials so that a relatively light weight and fire resistant shake can meet existing codes with regard to fire retardation. However, these synthetic shakes still need to be strong and durable so as to be useable on roofs and other structures.
Reinforced roofing shakes are described herein. The roofing shakes may be formed from a polymeric foam material and a plurality of reinforcement members disposed at a bottom end of the roofing shake body. The reinforcement members may be in a U-shaped configuration and correspond at least partially to the outer perimeter shape of the roofing shake body. The reinforcement members increase the strength of the roofing shake and resist the roofing shake body from lifting and curling once installed on a structure (e.g., a roof). Additionally, the reinforcement members increase the roofing shake's resistance to wind loads. Further, the configuration of the reinforcement members do not inhibit the manufacturing molding process for the roofing shake and enables the polymeric foam material to still flow within the mold.
These and various other features as well as advantages which characterize the reinforced roofing shakes described herein will be apparent from a reading of the following detailed description and a review of the associated drawings. Additional features are set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the technology. The benefits and features of the technology will be realized and attained by the structure in the written description and claims hereof, as well as the appended drawings.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing introduction and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
The following drawing figures, which form a part of this application, are illustrative of described technology and are not meant to limit the scope of the technology as claimed in any manner, which scope shall be based on the claims appended hereto.
This disclosure describes reinforced roofing shakes. The roofing shake is molded with synthetic materials to have the appearance of cedar shakes, slate, or similar products made from natural materials. However, roofing shakes once installed on a structure are exposed to a variety of environmental conditions. For example, UV-rays, hot and cold cycles, wind, rain, hail, and the like. Prolonged exposure to environmental conditions can result in exterior edges of the roofing shake warping and/or curling up and away from the underlying structural surface. Additionally, the more the exterior edges lift away from the underlying surface, the more wind affects the shake and further increases stresses induced on the shake. As such, in the roofing shake described herein reinforcement members are embedded within the body of the roofing shake. The reinforcement members increase the structural rigidity of the body and reduce or prevent the exterior edges from warping and/or curling, while also increasing resistance to wind loading. In aspects, the configuration of the reinforcement members corresponds to the outer perimeter of the body of the roofing shake enables a reaction injection molding process to remain unchanged even with the additional reinforcement members within the mold.
As used herein, directional terms such as “top,” “bottom,” “front,” “back,” etc. are used for convenience only and reference the orientation of the roofing shake once installed on a roof. These terms are not to be considered limiting.
Materials that may be used to form the roofing shake 100 include any material suitable for a reaction injection molding process, such as, but not limited to, thermoset polymers like polyurethanes, polyisocyanurates, polyureas, polyesters, polyphenols, polyexpoxides, and nylon 6. As such, the roofing shake 100 may be a relatively rigid foam product. In addition to the thermoset material(s), the roofing shake 100 may include one or more inert or reactive fillers, and/or other chemical or mineral components so as to increase any required or desired property or characteristic of the roofing shake 100. For example, flame retardant(s) can be added to inhibit or prevent flame propagation by protecting the underlying polymer matrix from the flame so that it does not burn (or further burn). In other examples, fillers may be provided to lower the cost of the mixture or to provide a desired property or characteristic, such as weather/UV resistance or increased strength. Material composition of the roofing shake 100 is further described in U.S. Pat. No. 10,011,992, titled “POLYMERIC FOAM PRODUCT,” and which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
In the example, the roofing shake 100 includes a body 102 formed from polymeric foam material having a first end 104 and an opposite second end 106. The first end 104 has a thickness 108 that is less than a thickness 110 of the second end 106 so that the body 102 has a tapered profile as shown in the side elevation view of
The body 102 has a rectangular shape as illustrated in the top plan view of
Additionally, the body 102 has a bottom surface 118 configured to face a roofing structure when the roofing shake 100 is installed on a roof and an opposite top surface 120 that is at least partially exposed once the roof is installed. A first body portion 122 is disposed proximate the first end 104 and extends towards the second end 106. When the roofing shake 100 is installed on a roof, the top surface 120 of the first body portion 122 is configured to be secured to the roofing structure and at least partially covered by other roofing shakes that are installed on the layer above. In an aspect, the top surface 120 of the first body portion 122 may be substantially smooth. A second body portion 124 is disposed proximate the second end 106 and extends towards the first end 104. The first body portion 122 and the second body portion 124 are integral with one another such that the body 102 is of unitary construction (e.g., via a molding process). In the example, the first body portion 122 and the second body portion 124 extend approximately half of the length 116 of the body 102. In other aspects, the first body portion 122 may have a length that is greater than the second body portion 124. In still further aspects, the second body portion 124 may have a length that is greater than the first body portion 122. When the roofing shake 100 is installed on a roof, the top surface 120 of the second body portion 124 is configured to be exposed, and as such, includes a texture 126 that gives the roofing shake 100 the appearance of being natural cedar and the like.
As described above, the roofing shake 100 being installed on a roof or other structure results in the roofing shake 100 being exposed to a variety of environmental conditions. For example, UV-rays, hot and cold cycles, wind, rain, hail, and the like. As such, prolonged exposure to environmental conditions can result in exterior edges (e.g., bottom edge 106, and side edges 112) warping and/or curling up and away from the underlying structural surface. The more the exterior edges lift away from the underlying surface, the more wind affects the shake and further increases stresses induced on the shake. As such, in the example described herein one or more reinforcement members 128 are embedded within the body 102 of the roofing shake 100. The reinforcement members 128 increase the structural rigidity of the body 102 and reduce or prevent the exterior edges from warping and/or curling.
In the example, the reinforcement members 128 my be pultruded fiberglass rods. The fiberglass rods contain reinforcement fibers and a polymer resin matrix mix with glass delivering increased tensile strength and surrounding fibers providing enhanced resistance to buckling and corrosion plus increased durability. The fiberglass rods may be independently manufactured and then selectively placed in the shake molds during the reaction injection molding process. By adding discrete components (e.g., the fiberglass rods) into the injection molding process, the polymeric foam material that forms the body 102 does not need to have its composition adjusted. Thereby, increasing manufacturing efficiencies of the roofing shake 100 while increasing its strength and durability with the reinforcement members 128. Additionally, the polymeric foam material can easily bond to the fiberglass rods during the molding process. As such, the reinforcement members 128 are not added into the mixture of the polymeric foam material until the molding process. In an aspect, the fiberglass rods are substantially not flexible in that the roofing shake 100 does not bend during installation and use.
The reinforcement members 128 are disposed within the second body portion 124 and are positioned adjacent to the outer perimeter edges of the second body portion 124. For example, the reinforcement member 128 are positioned along the second end 106 and portions of the side edges 112. In an example, the reinforcement members 128 have a U-shaped configuration and are only disposed along the outer perimeter edges of the second body portion 124. As such, the interior region of the U-shape is devoid of any additional reinforcement members and is only filled with polymeric foam material. This configuration of the reinforcement members 128 within the body 102, maintains the structural characteristics and performance of the polymeric foam material (e.g., strength, weight, fire resistance) while further enhancing the roofing shake's resistance to lifting and curling along its outer edges via the reinforcement members 128. The reinforcement members 128 are not randomly oriented within the body 102 of the roofing shake 100, and rather, are selectively placed for reinforcement of the outside edges of the body 102 to restrict or prevent warping and curling during use.
Furthermore, the configuration of the reinforcement members 128 corresponding to the outer perimeter of the body 102 enables the reaction injection molding process to remain unchanged even with the additional reinforcement members 128 within the mold. If the reinforcement members extend more across the interior area of the body 102 (e.g., like a grid pattern) or if a mesh reinforcement is used, the polymeric foam material is restricted from flowing throughout the mold during the molding process and prior to expansion. As such, the U-shaped configuration of the reinforcement members 128 allows the polymeric foam material to properly flow within the mold during manufacturing.
Additionally, the top body portion 122 does not contain and is devoid any reinforcement members 128. The top body portion 122 is configured to receive fasteners so that the roofing shake 100 can be secured to the underlying roofing structure. By not placing reinforcement members 128 in the top body portion 122, installers do not need to be concerned about fastening through a reinforcement member during installation, and the polymeric foam material can more easily flow through the mold during the manufacturing process and as described above. The reinforcement members 128 are not disposed evenly through the body 102 of the roofing shake 100. Rather, the reinforcement members 128 are concentrated in the bottom body portion 124 and towards the outer perimeter edges thereof.
In the example, the reinforcement members include three discrete members, a cross-member 128a extending parallel to the bottom edge 106 and two side-members 128b,c extending parallel to one another and the side edges 112, longitudinally between the first and second ends 104, 106. The cross-member 128a extends transversely relative to the two side-members 128b,c, and thus, the side-members 128b,c are each orthogonal to the cross-member 128a. In an aspect, the two side-members 128b,c may have equal lengths, with the length of the cross-member 128a based on the width 114 of the body 102. The lengths of the two side-members 128b,c may be shorter than half of the length 116 of the roofing shake 100 so that the reinforcement members do not extend out of the second body portion 124 and into the first body portion 122. In some aspects, each of the reinforcement members 128 may have equal lengths so as to increase manufacturing efficiencies. In this example, the length of the reinforcement members 128 can be based at least partially on the width 114 of the body 102. The reinforcement members 128 are oriented substantially parallel and/or orthogonal to one another within the body 102. This configuration more efficiently reinforces the outer perimeter edges from warping and curling forces without interfering the structural integrity of the rest of the body 102 of the roofing shake 100.
The cross-member 128a that is positioned along the bottom edge 106 overlaps with and directly contacts the side-members 128b,c positioned along the side edges 112. In an aspect, the cross-member 128a is positioned between the top surface 120 and the side-members 128b,c as illustrated in
The reinforcement members 128 are embedded within the body 102 so that the aesthetic features of the outer surface are maintained for the roofing shake 100. As such, in one example, the reinforcement members 128 are inset 130 from the outer edges at least a distance that corresponds to the thickness 110 of the second end 106 of the body 102. In an aspect, the inset distance 130 of the cross-member 128a is the same or similar to that of the side-members 128b,c. In other aspects, the inset distance 130 of the cross-member 128a is different than that of the side-members 128b,c as required or desired.
In the example, the reinforcement members 128 may include 3/16 inch diameter round fiberglass rods. In another example, the reinforcement members 128 may include 3/16 inch square fiberglass rods. In an aspect, the reinforcement members 128 may be about 10 inches long. In some examples, the reinforcement members 128 are covered by a layer of polymeric foam product that is at least equal to the diameter of the reinforcement rods.
In the example, the plurality of roofing shakes may include any number of shakes that have different widths. For example, a large shake 206, a medium shake 208, and a small shake 210 may be included with the plurality of roofing shakes. As described above, one or more of the shakes 206, 208, 210 include reinforcement members 212 that are embedded therein. As illustrated in
Each shake 206, 208, 210 has a top body portion 214 and a bottom body portion 216. The top body portion 214 has a top surface that is substantially smooth and without texture. In contrast, the top surface of the bottom body portion 216 includes texture and the bottom body portion 216 is configured to be exposed when installed on the roof structure 202. Each of the shakes 206, 208, 210 attaches to the roof structure 202 with one or more fasteners 218 extending through the top body portion 214. Because of the reinforcement members 212 are not disposed within the top body portion 214, the fasteners 218 do not contact the reinforcement members 212 during installation.
During installation, the shakes 206, 208, 210 are installed in layered rows, with a bottom layer of shakes being partially overlapped with a top layer of shakes. In the example, the bottom surface of the bottom body portion 216 of the top layer overlays the top surface of the top body portion 214 of the bottom layer. In this pattern, the reinforcement members 212 of the bottom layer of shakes are separate from and do not overlap with the reinforcement members 212 of the top layer of shakes. By not overlapping reinforcement members 212 of the shakes, the manufacturing costs of the shakes are reduced, while still providing additionally structural support for lifting and curling of the outer edges of the shakes. Additionally, the reinforcement members 212 increases the shake's resistance to wind loads with the top body portion 214 being at least partially covered with the reinforced bottom body portion 216.
In some examples, a starter shake (not shown) may be provided to start the installation of the shakes 206, 208, 210 on the roof structure 202. This starter shake can have a same or similar tapered shape, and in some aspects, also include reinforcement members as required or desired. Additionally or alternatively, a ridge shake (not shown) may be provided to install over ridge lines of the roof structure 202. This ridge shake can also include reinforcement members as required or desired.
The reinforcement bars 302 are disposed proximate the bottom end 310 and there are three reinforcement bars 302 extending along the outer perimeter shape profile of the roofing shake 300. In the example, one reinforcement bar 302a extends along the width direction of the shake, while two reinforcement bars 302b,c extend along the length direction of the shake and on opposing sides. Each of the reinforcement bars 302 can be 3/16 inch diameter round rods or 3/16 inch diameter square rods being 10½ inches in length. The reinforcement bar 302a is spaced from the bottom end 310 one inch from its centerline. The reinforcement bars 302b,c are spaced from side edges 312 1½ inches from its centerline. By increasing the space of the lengthwise reinforcement bars 302b,c from the edges 312, the polymeric material can more easily flow lengthwise in the mold during the manufacturing process. The ends of the reinforcement bars 302 are spaced at least ½ inch from the edges of the shake 300.
The widthwise reinforcement bar 302a overlaps with and contacts with the lengthwise reinforcement bars 302b,c. In the example, the widthwise bar 302a is disposed below the lengthwise bars 302b,c. As such, the lengthwise bars 302b,c are substantially parallel to a top surface 314 of the roofing shake 300 while being oblique to a bottom surface 316 of the shake 300. The widthwise bar 302a can be substantially parallel to the bottom surface 316. This configuration of the reinforcement bars 302 results in in reinforcement being provided to the roofing shake 300 in a form that is not a mat or mesh so that the molding process is maintained and the reinforcement is selectively placed in locations that increase the performance of the roofing shake the most, as the plyometric foam material already has many performance benefits that are not changed.
In the example, the majority of the body of the roofing shake 300 is formed from the polymeric foam material with the reinforcement bars 302 only a minor component of the entire body. In an aspect, the ratio of reinforcement bars 302 to the body of the roofing shake can be less than 5% by volume. In another aspect, the ratio of reinforcement bars 302 to the body of the roofing shake can be between 0.5-2% by volume. In still another aspect, the ratio of reinforcement bars 302 to the body of the roofing shake can be about 1% by volume. Additionally or alternatively, the ratio of reinforcement bars 302 to the body of the roofing shake can be less than 5% by top plan area. In another aspect, the ratio of reinforcement bars 302 to the body of the roofing shake can be between 1-3% by top plan area. In still another aspect, the ratio of reinforcement bars 302 to the body of the roofing shake can be about 2% by top plan area.
Notwithstanding the appended claims, and in addition to the examples described above, further examples are disclosed in the following numbered clauses:
1. A roofing shake including:
2. The roofing shake of clause 1, wherein the one or more reinforcement members have a U-shaped configuration.
3. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 1 or 2, wherein the one or more reinforcement members include three discrete reinforcement rods, wherein at least two of the three discrete reinforcement rods have equal lengths.
4. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 1-3, wherein the one or more reinforcement members include three discrete reinforcement rods, two reinforcement rods extending longitudinally between the first and second ends and one reinforcement rod extending transversely along the second end, wherein the one reinforcement rod overlaps with both of the two reinforcement rods.
5. The roofing shake of clause 4, wherein the one reinforcement rod directly contacts each of the two reinforcement rods.
6. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 1-5, wherein the one or more reinforcement members include fiberglass rods.
7. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 1-6, wherein a length is defined between the first end and the second end, wherein the one or more reinforcement members are shorter than half of the length of the roofing shake.
8. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 1-7, wherein the one or more reinforcement members are inset from the outer perimeter edge a distance that is greater than or equal to a thickness of the second end.
9. A roofing shake including:
10. The roofing shake of clause 9, wherein the plurality of reinforcement members have a U-shaped configuration, the interior of the U-shape being devoid of any additional reinforcement members.
11. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 9-10 wherein the plurality of reinforcement members include three discrete reinforcement rods, each of the three discrete reinforcement rods having equal lengths.
12. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 9-11, wherein a reinforcement member along the bottom edge, overlaps with and directly contacts reinforcement members along the side edges.
13. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 9-12, wherein the plurality of reinforcement members include fiberglass rods.
14. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 9-13, wherein the top portion is devoid of any reinforcement members.
15. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 9-14, wherein the bottom portion is approximately half of a length of the roofing shake between the top and bottom edges.
16. The roofing shake of any one of clauses 9-15, wherein the body is formed by a reaction injection molding process.
17. A roofing shake system including:
18. The roofing shake system of clause 17, wherein the top surface of the second body portion is textured.
19. The roofing shake system of any one of clauses 17 or 18, wherein the first roofing shake and the second roofing shake have different widths.
20. The roofing shake system of any one of clauses 17-19, wherein each roofing shake is formed from polymeric foam material and each of the three reinforcement members are formed from fiberglass rods.
This disclosure describes some examples of the present technology with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which only some of the possible examples were shown. Other aspects can, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein. Rather, these examples were provided so that this disclosure was thorough and complete and fully conveyed the scope of the possible examples to those skilled in the art. Any number of the features of the different examples described herein may be combined into one single example and alternate examples having fewer than or more than all of the features herein described are possible. Further, as used herein and in the claims, the phrase “at least one of element A, element B, or element C” is intended to convey any of: element A, element B, element C, elements A and B, elements A and C, elements B and C, and elements A, B, and C. It is to be understood that terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of describing particular examples only and is not intended to be limiting. It must be noted that, as used in this specification, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Further, one having skill in the art will understand the degree to which terms such as “about” or “substantially” convey in light of the measurement techniques utilized herein. To the extend such terms may not be clearly defined or understood by one having skill in the art, the terms such as “about” or “substantially” shall mean plus or minus ten percent.
While various examples have been described for purposes of this disclosure, various changes and modifications may be made which are well within the scope contemplated by the present disclosure. Numerous other changes may be made which will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art and which are encompassed in the spirit of the disclosure.
This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/239,461, filed Sep. 1, 2021, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
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Roofing Shingles, CertainTeed India Roofing Shingles retrieved from website https://www.certainteed.in/portfolios/roofing-shingles/, Aug. 16, 2021 (3 pgs). |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20230067251 A1 | Mar 2023 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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63239461 | Sep 2021 | US |