Patent Grant
9236931
The present invention relates to relay devices. The present invention particularly relates to a relay device and so on in a wireless communication system in which a wireless communication is performed in an active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in an inactive period, and in which the relay device relays a first frame transmitted toward a receiving device from a transmitting device.
In recent years, there is an increasing interest in networks of low-power consumption wireless terminals such as WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network) and sensor networks which are represented by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.15 standard (for example, see PTL 1). Also, as a system similar to the networks, an active RF (Radio Frequency) tag that transmits wireless signals by itself can be mentioned.
However, there is a problem in conventional wireless networks that excessive delay time can occur when a relay device relays a frame.
Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide a relay device which solves the above conventional problem and allows frame relay with low delay.
To solve the conventional problems, a relay device according to one aspect of the present invention is a relay device for relaying a first frame transmitted toward a receiving device from a transmitting device in a wireless communication system in which, between the transmitting device and the receiving device, wireless communication is performed in an active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in an inactive period, the relay device including: a receiving unit configured to receive a frame; a transmitting unit configured to transmit a frame; a frame determination unit configured to store therein the first frame when the frame determination unit determines that the received frame is the first frame; a proxy ACK generation unit configured to generate a third frame which is a proxy frame of a second frame which is a frame to be transmitted from the receiving device, as a receipt acknowledgement to the first frame; and a communication control unit configured to: cause the transmitting unit to transmit the third frame; set an extended active period which is a period in which communication is allowed to continue after an end of the active period, in the inactive period subsequent to the active period; and cause the transmitting unit to transmit to the receiving device, in the extended active period, a fourth frame which is the first frame stored in the frame determination unit, when the receiving unit does not receive the second frame within a predetermined period after reception of the first frame.
It should be noted that the present invention can be implemented not only as such a relay device but also as a relay method having characteristic units, as steps, included in the relay device, or as a program for causing a computer to execute such characteristic steps. In addition, such a program can, of course, be distributed by being stored in a storage medium such as CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) and via a transmission medium such as the Internet.
Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented as a semiconductor integrated circuit (LSI) for achieving some or all of the functionality of such a relay device and so on, or as a wireless communication system which includes such a relay device and so on.
A relay device which allows frame relay with low delay can be provided.
(Underlying Knowledge Forming Basis of the Present Disclosure)
In relation to the network described in the Background Art section, the inventors have found the following problems:
A control device 1001 periodically broadcasts control information in a beacon frame to terminal devices 1002, 1003, and 1004. The terminal devices 1002 to 1004 communicate with the control device 1001, based on the control information. Various access control schemes may be employed for the control device and the terminal devices, and examples of which include CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), and FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access).
The wireless devices (the control device and the terminal devices) used in the wireless network have features in low power consumption performance. For example, to reduce the power consumption of the wireless devices, types of communication period are provided in the wireless network, including an active period in which the communication is performed and an inactive period in which no communication is performed and the wireless devices go to a sleep state (communication functionality is turned OFF). The longer the inactive period is set, the longer the sleep state can be, and thus the power consumption can be reduced.
The terminal devices 1002 to 1004 are notified of the start time and end time of each of the active and inactive periods by the control information included in the beacon frame transmitted from the control device 1001, and each perform a sleep process (namely, turning ON/OFF the communication functionality), according the information.
In the wireless network shown in
The configuration of the wireless network disclosed in PTL 1 will be described with reference to
It is assumed that the direct communication is allowed between a transmitting device 1012 and a relay device 1011, and the direct communication is allowed between the relay device 1011 and a receiving device 1014, in the wireless network shown in
An operation when the transmitting device 1012 transmits a data frame toward the receiving device 1014 in such a situation will be described with reference to
When the transmitting device 1012 transmits a data frame 1050 toward the receiving device 1014, the receiving device 1014 cannot receive the data frame 1050 (S1210). This is because, as described above, the transmitting device 1012 and the receiving device 1014 are not in a range where the direct communication therebetween is allowed. Thus, an acknowledgement (ACK) frame corresponding to the data frame 1050 is not transmitted from the receiving device 1014.
On the other hand, the relay device 1011 is in the range where the direct communication thereto from the transmitting device 1012 is allowed, and thus, the relay device 1011 can receive the data frame 1050. The relay device 1011 parses the received data frame 1050 to determine whether a destination address is the own address. The destination of the data frame 1050 is the receiving device 1014 as a result, and thus the relay device 1011 temporarily stores the data frame 1050 in a buffer in the relay device 1011.
Next, the relay device 1011 waits for wait time T11 for the acknowledgement (ACK) frame which is transmitted from the receiving device 1014 toward the transmitting device 1012 and corresponds to the data frame 1050 transmitted from the transmitting device 1012. If the relay device 1011 fails to receive the ACK frame corresponding to the data frame 1050, from the receiving device 1014 in the wait time T11, the relay device 1011 determines that the data frame 1050 has failed to reach the receiving device 1014. The relay device 1011 transmits, to the transmitting device 1012, a proxy ACK frame (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a proxy ACK) 1051 corresponding to the data frame 1050, on behalf of the receiving device 1014 (S1212).
Here, the destination address of the proxy ACK frame 1051 is set to an address of the receiving device 1014. The transmitting device 1012 determines that the proxy ACK frame 1051 has been transmitted from the receiving device 1014, and ends the transmission process of the data frame 1050.
Next, the relay device 1011 relays the data frame by transmitting, as a proxy data frame (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as proxy data) 1052, the data frame 1050 stored in the buffer in the relay device 1011 to the receiving device 1014 (S1216). Upon reception of the proxy data frame 1052, the receiving device 1014 transmits a proxy data ACK 1053 back toward the transmitting device 1012 (S1218). The transmitting device 1012 is not in the range where the direct communication thereto from the receiving device 1014 is allowed, and thus does not receive the proxy data ACK 1053.
According to the operation described above, the relay device 1011 relays the data frame transmitted toward the receiving device 1014 from the transmitting device 1012, thereby allowing the communication between the transmitting device 1012 and the receiving device 1014 between which the direct communication is not allowed.
However, in PTL 1, a wireless communication system in which there are an active period 1007 and an inactive period 1008 as shown in
As described above, if a frame is relayed in the wireless communication system in which the wireless communication is performed in the active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in the inactive period, excessive delay is likely to occur when the communication period enters the inactive period in the middle of relay processing. The delay has a potential to adversely effect on the application.
To solve such problems, a relay device according to one aspect of the present invention is a relay device for relaying a first frame transmitted toward a receiving device from a transmitting device in a wireless communication system in which, between the transmitting device and the receiving device, wireless communication is performed in an active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in an inactive period, the relay device including: a receiving unit configured to receive a frame; a transmitting unit configured to transmit a frame; a frame determination unit configured to store therein the first frame when the frame determination unit determines that the received frame is the first frame; a proxy ACK generation unit configured to generate a third frame which is a proxy frame of a second frame which is a frame to be transmitted from the receiving device, as a receipt acknowledgement to the first frame; and a communication control unit configured to: cause the transmitting unit to transmit the third frame; set an extended active period which is a period in which communication is allowed to continue after an end of the active period, in the inactive period subsequent to the active period; and cause the transmitting unit to transmit to the receiving device, in the extended active period, a fourth frame which is the first frame stored in the frame determination unit, when the receiving unit does not receive the second frame within a predetermined period after reception of the first frame.
According to the above configuration, for the completion of transmission of the frame being relayed, the relay device sets the extended active period which is a period in which the own device is allowed to communicate in the inactive period. As a result, the relay frame can be prevented from going to the sleep state while transmitting the frame. Thus, the relay device can be implemented which can relay frames with low delay in the wireless communication system in which the wireless communication is performed in the active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in the inactive period.
Specifically, when the receiving unit does not receive the second frame within the predetermined period after reception of the first frame, the communication control unit may: cause the transmitting unit to transmit the third frame to the transmitting device and the receiving device; set the extended active period to allow transmission of the fourth frame to be completed within the active period; and cause the transmitting unit to transmit the fourth frame to the receiving device.
Moreover, the relay device may further include a proxy data ACK detection unit configured to detect a fifth frame transmitted by the receiving device to the transmitting device, as a receipt acknowledgement to the fourth frame, wherein the proxy data ACK detection unit may store, in association with an identifier unique to the receiving device, a confirmation result indicating whether the fifth frame has been detected within a predetermined period after transmission of the fourth frame, and when the second frame is not received from the receiving device within a predetermined period and the confirmation result in association with the identifier of the receiving device does not indicate that detection of the fifth frame has failed, the communication control unit may: cause the transmitting unit to transmit the third frame to the receiving device; set the extended active period to allow transmission of the fourth frame to be completed within the active period; and cause the transmitting unit to transmit the fourth frame to the receiving device.
According to the above configuration, the relay device does not relay a frame for the receiving device to which the relay device has previously transmitted a proxy data and from which the relay device has not received a corresponding acknowledgement. As a result, vain frame transmission by the relay device is prevented, leading to improvement in wireless resources and reduction of frame collision.
A receiving device according to an aspect of the present invention is a receiving device for receiving a first frame relayed by a relay device after the first frame is transmitted from a transmitting device in a wireless communication system in which between the transmitting device and the receiving device, wireless communication is performed in an active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in an inactive period, the receiving device including: a receiving unit configured to receive a frame which includes a sequence number; a relay determination unit configured to determine, based on the sequence number included in the received frame, whether the received frame is a frame that has been transmitted from the relay device; and a communication control unit configured to, when it is determined that the received frame is the frame that has been transmitted from the relay device, set an extended active period which is a period in which communication is allowed to continue after an end of the active period, in the inactive period subsequent to the active period, to allow reception of the first frame relayed by the relay device to be completed within the active period.
According to the above configuration, when the receiving device determines from the sequence number of the received frame that the received frame has been transmitted by the relay device, the receiving devices sets the extended active period so as to receive all frames to subsequently be transmitted by the relay device. As a result, the frame transmission with low delay is possible.
Specifically, the receiving device may further include an SN storage unit configured to store, in association, an identifier unique to the receiving device and a sequence number that can be assigned to the receiving device by the transmitting device, wherein the relay determination unit may include: a frame determination unit configured to determine a type of the frame received by the receiving unit; and an SN determination unit, and the frame includes a sequence number assigned by the transmitting device and type information indicating the type of the frame, the frame determination unit may determine whether the type of the frame matches a type of a frame transmitted as a receipt acknowledgement to the first frame, with reference to the type information included in the frame, the SN determination unit may determine whether the sequence number included in the frame matches the sequence number associated with the identifier of the receiving device, with reference to the SN storage unit, and when the frame determination unit determines that the type of the frame matches the type of the frame transmitted as the receipt acknowledgement to the first frame and the SN determination unit determines that the sequence number included in the frame matches the sequence number associated with the identifier of the receiving device, the relay determination unit may determine that the frame has been transmitted by the relay device.
According to the above configuration, the sequence number in the present invention serves as (1) an identifier of each frame, (2) associating data frame (namely, the first frame) and the ACK frame (namely, the receipt acknowledgement of the first frame), and (3) indicating a destination receiving device toward which the data frame has been transmitted or the ACK frame corresponding to the data frame. Thus, the receiving device determines, from the type information included in the frame, whether the type of the frame is ACK frame. If it is determined that the frame is an ACK frame, the receiving device can know the destination toward which the data frame to which the ACK frame corresponds to has been transmitted. Here, usually, the receiving device does not receive the ACK frame that corresponds to the data frame transmitted toward the own device. This is because the ACK frame corresponding to the data frame transmitted toward the own device is a frame that should be transmitted by the receiving device itself. Thus, when the relay determination unit receives the ACK frame corresponding to the data frame the destination of which is the own device, the relay determination unit can determine that the received frame has been transmitted by a wireless device other than the own device, i.e., the relay device, on behalf of the own device.
A transmitting device according to an aspect of the present invention is a transmitting device for transmitting a first frame to a receiving device via a relay device in a wireless communication system in which, between the transmitting device and the receiving device, wireless communication is performed in an active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in an inactive period, the transmitting device including: an SN storage unit configured to store therein an identifier unique to the receiving device and a sequence number associated with the identifier; a selection unit configured to select the sequence number associated with the identifier of the receiving device, as a sequence number to be assigned to the first frame; a frame generation unit configured to generate the first frame which includes the selected sequence number; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the generated first frame.
According to the above configuration, the transmitting device generates and transmits the ACK frame in which the destination is associated with a sequence number to the receiving device. As a result, even in the ACK frame (namely, a frame that is transmitted as the receipt acknowledgement to a frame) such as of IEEE 802.15.4 in which no Addressing Field indicative of the destination of the frame is included, the receiving device can determine a destination receiving device toward which the received ACK frame, to which the receipt acknowledgement corresponds, has been transmitted. This allows the receiving device to determine whether the received frame has been transmitted by the relay device. If it is determined, as a result, that the received frame has been relayed, relay of a transmission frame with low delay is possible by setting the extended active period which is a period in which at least the own device is communicable.
These general and specific aspects may be implemented using a system, a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, or a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM, or any combination of systems, methods, integrated circuits, computer programs, or computer-readable recording media.
Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments described below are each merely an illustration of the present invention. Values, shapes, materials, components, disposition or a form of connection between the components, steps, and the order of the steps are merely illustrative, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Moreover, among components of the below non-limiting embodiments, components not set forth in the independent claims indicating the top level concept of the present invention will be described as optional components.
It should be noted that, hereinafter, the receiving device 20a and the receiving device 20b will collectively be referred to as a receiving device 20.
The transmitting device 10, the receiving device 20, and the relay device 30 are any wireless devices from among a control device and terminal devices in the wireless communication system, for example, as shown in
The transmitting device 10, the receiving device 20a, the receiving device 20b, and the relay device 30 each acquire the active period and the inactive period from control information included in a beacon frame transmitted from the control device.
Here, the active period is a period determined for each wireless device (for example, each of the transmitting device 10, the receiving device 20a, the receiving device 20b, and the relay device 30), and is a period in which each wireless device turns the communication functionality to ON and performs communication with other wireless device. The inactive period is a period determined for each wireless device, and is a period in which each wireless device turns the communication functionality to OFF and does not perform communication with other wireless device.
All the wireless devices included in the wireless communication system 110 use the beacon frame to synchronize the active period and the inactive period, and thus, in principle, the active periods and the inactive periods used by all the wireless devices match each other. For example, the beacon frame transmitted by the transmitting device 10 is instantly relay forwarded by the relay device 30 and reaches the receiving device 20b. This matches the active periods and the inactive periods of all the wireless devices. Alternatively, the synchronization is possible by the transmitting device 10 increasing transmit power when transmitting the beacon frame so that the beacon frame directly reaches the receiving device 20b.
The control device 1001 and the terminal devices 1002 to 1004 use the active period in a shared manner. The beginning of the active period is used by the control device 1001 to broadcast the beacon frame. In other words, the beacon period 1006 is a sum of the active period 1007 and the inactive period 1008. The remaining active period after the control device 1001 has broadcast the beacon frame is used for the communication between the control device 1001 and the terminal devices 1002 to 1004.
For example, CSMA can be used as a method of the wireless communication. Alternatively, the active period may be divided into a plurality of time slots so as to be used by slot CSMA and TDMA in a shared manner. For example, in the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, the time slots of the first half of the active period are used for contention access by CSMA, and each of the time slots of the last half of the active period is each allocated to a wireless device for use, and the communication is performed. The beacon frame includes control information relating to the frame, such as the number of time slots of the active period, allocation of the time slots, the length of the active period, the length of the inactive period, and a time until transmission of the next beacon frame.
Next, problems caused by applying the conventional technique to the wireless communication system 110, in which the wireless communication is performed in the active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in the inactive period, will be described in detail, with reference to
Here, the terminal device 1002 and the terminal device 1004 are each located at which the communication with the control device 1001 is allowed. It is assumed that the terminal device 1002 and the terminal device 1004 are located away from each other, and thus are located at which the direct communication therebetween is not allowed. Showing the correspondence between the terminal device 1002, the control device 1001, and the terminal device 1004 for roles in the wireless communication, for example, in the wireless communication system 110 shown in
In the active period 1007, the terminal device 1002 transmits a data frame 1060 toward the terminal device 1004. The terminal device 1002 and the terminal device 1004 are not in the range where the direct communication therebetween is allowed as described above, and thus the terminal device 1004 cannot receive the data frame 1060 (S1220). Thus, an acknowledgement (ACK) frame corresponding to the data frame 1060 is not transmitted from the terminal device 1004.
On the other hand, the control device 1001 is in the range where the direct communication thereto from the terminal device 1002 is allowed, and thus receives the data frame 1060. Then, the control device 1001 parses the received data frame 1060 to determine whether the destination address is the own address. As a result, the destination is the terminal device 1004, and thus the control device 1001 temporarily stores the data frame 1060 in a buffer in the control device 1001.
Next, the control device 1001 waits for the wait time T11 for the acknowledgement (ACK) frame corresponding to the data frame 1060 transmitted by the terminal device 1002. If the control device 1001 fails to receive the ACK frame from the terminal device 1004 in the wait time T11, the control device 1001 determines that the data frame 1060 has failed to reach the terminal device 1004. The control device 1001 transmits to the terminal device 1002 a proxy ACK frame 1061 which is proxy acknowledgement corresponding to the data frame 1060, on behalf of the terminal device 1004 (S1222).
The terminal device 1002 having received the proxy ACK frame 1061 determines that the data frame 1060 has been transmitted from the terminal device 1004, and ends the transmission process of the data frame 1060.
Next, the control device 1001 relays the data frame by transmitting the data frame 1060 stored in the buffer in the control device 1001 to the terminal device 1004 as a proxy data 1062. Here, when the time enters the inactive period 1008 prior to or during the transmission, the control device 1001, the terminal device 1002, and the terminal device 1004 go to the sleep state. Thus, the control device 1001 cannot relay the frame until the next active period starts (during T12 shown in
Moreover, the terminal device 1002 has determined in step S1222 that the transmission of the data frame 1060 to the terminal device 1004 is already completed, and thus is likely to start the next application processing. In other words, a failure due to mismatch in the internal state can occur across the entirety of the wireless communication system.
Hereinafter, the transmitting device 10, the receiving device 20, and the relay device 30 according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention which can achieve the frame relay where no delay occurs will be described.
As shown in
The transmitting unit 112A transmits a frame generated by the frame generation unit 113 via an antenna 111 which is an antenna through which the wireless communication is performed. It should be noted that, more specifically, the transmitting unit 112A modulates or demodulates a frame signal, and has functionality of a media access control such as CSMA.
The receiving unit 112B receives the ACK frame and the like via the antenna 111.
The frame generation unit 113 has functionality of generating and parsing various frames such as the data frame, the ACK frame, the beacon frame, and a management frame. For example, the frame generation unit 113 generates a data frame (the first frame) which includes a sequence number selected by the selection unit 115.
The execution unit 114 is a control unit for services utilizing the wireless communication system 110. For example, the execution unit 114 performs processing in a home network, such as remote control of electric household appliances and cooperative control for energy conservation among electric household appliances.
The SN storage unit 116 stores therein an identifier unique to the receiving device and a sequence number (SN) associated with the identifier. For example, the SN storage unit 116 stores therein the SN and an address of the wireless device (for example, media access control (MAC) address) in association. It should be noted that the SN storage unit 116 may store therein an identifier unique to the relay device or the like in addition to the receiving device, and a sequence number in association. The SN storage unit 116 will be described in detail, with reference to
The selection unit 115 selects the sequence number corresponding to the identifier of the receiving device, as a sequence number to be assigned to the first frame. It should be noted that the selection unit 115 may select the sequence number corresponding to the identifier of the relay device.
The SN storage unit 116a shown in
It should be noted that the device address is an identifying address unique to the wireless device, examples of which include 48-bit MAC address, a short address of the IEEE 802.15.4, and an EUI (Extended Unique Identifier)-64 address.
The sequence number is a number assigned to a frame such as the data frame and the ACK frame, as shown in
The SN storage unit 116a shown in
It should be noted that the transmitting device 10 according to the present embodiment achieves the same advantageous effects of the present invention without the execution unit 114. Specifically, if an execution device that includes the execution unit 114 exists external to the transmitting device 10, the transmitting device 10 can transmit the received data frame to the execution device and, if necessary, acquire a result of processing from the execution device.
It should be noted that the transmitting device 10 according to the present embodiment achieves the same advantageous effects of the present invention without the receiving unit 112B. Specifically, when generating the first frame that includes a sequence number corresponding to the destination of the frame, there is no need for the transmitting device 10 to receive the frame from other wireless device.
As shown in
The transmitting unit 212A is a communication interface which transmits toward the transmitting device 10 an ACK frame (hereinafter, also referred to as a second frame) as acknowledgement to the first frame transmitted from the transmitting device 10. In the present embodiment, an ACK generation unit (not shown) generates the second frame. It should be noted that the communication functionality of the transmitting unit 212A is the same as that of, for example, the transmitting unit 112A
The receiving unit 212B is a communication interface which receives the frame transmitted from the transmitting device 10. The communication functionality of the receiving unit 212B is the same as that of, for example, the receiving unit 112B.
Based on the sequence number included in the received frame, the relay determination unit 221 determines whether the frame has been transmitted from the relay device 30, the details of which will be described below.
The SN storage unit 116 is a storage unit which stores therein the same information as that stored in the SN storage unit 116 included in the transmitting device 10. In other words, the SN storage unit 116 stores, in association, an identifier unique to the receiving device 20 and a sequence number that can be assigned to the receiving device 20 by the transmitting device 10.
If it is determined that the received frame is the frame that has been transmitted from the relay device 30, the communication control unit 222 sets, in the inactive period subsequent to the active period, an extended active period which is a period in which the own device can continue to perform the communication even after the end of the current active period that is for the receiving device 20. This is to enable the completion of reception of the first frame relayed by the relay device 30 by continued reception in the extended active period even after the end of the active period. It should be noted that the wireless communication system 110 determines the active period by instructions by the beacon frame broadcast by the control device as described above.
As with the execution unit 114, the execution unit 214 controls services utilizing the wireless communication system 110 remotely controlling electric household appliances or cooperatively controlling energy conservation among electric household appliances in the home network.
It should be noted that the receiving device 20 according to the present embodiment achieves the same advantageous effects of the present invention without the execution unit 214. Specifically, if an execution device that includes the execution unit 214 exists external to the receiving device 20, the receiving device 20 can transmit the received data frame to the execution device and, if necessary, acquire a result of processing from the execution device.
Moreover, the receiving device 20 according to the present embodiment achieves the same advantageous effects of the present invention without the SN storage unit 116. Specifically, the receiving device 20 can acquire the same data as that stored in the SN storage unit 116, via an external storage medium such as SD card, or a network.
Moreover, the receiving device 20 according to the present embodiment achieves the same advantageous effects of the present invention without the transmitting unit 212A. Specifically, the receiving device 20 does not need to transmit a frame to other wireless device for the determination as to whether the extended active period should be set.
It should be noted that the receiving device 20 according to the present embodiment can also be embodied with other configuration.
As shown in
In the variation, the transmitting unit 212A and the receiving unit 212B are grouped together as the transmitting and receiving unit 212. The functionality of the transmitting and receiving unit 212 is the same as those of the transmitting unit 212A and the receiving unit 212B, respectively.
Moreover, the relay determination unit 221 includes a frame determination unit 213 and an SN determination unit 217.
The frame determination unit 213 generates and parses various frames such as the data frame, the ACK frame, the beacon frame, and the management frame. In the variation, the frame determination unit 213 generates the ACK frame and causes the transmitting and receiving unit 212 to transmit the ACK frame toward the transmitting device 10. Moreover, the frame determination unit 213 determines whether a frame received by the transmitting and receiving unit 212 is the second frame. It should be noted that, as described above, the frame includes a sequence number assigned to the frame by the transmitting device 10 and type information indicating the type of the frame.
Specifically, the frame determination unit 213 determines whether the type of the frame matches the type of a frame to be transmitted as the receipt acknowledgement of the first frame, with reference to the type information included in the frame. For example, describing the IEEE 802.15.4 standard with reference to
The SN determination unit 217 determines whether a sequence number included in the received frame matches a sequence number associated with the identifier of the receiving device 20.
Here, if the frame determination unit 213 determines that the matching is affirmative and the SN determination unit 217 determines that the matching is affirmative, the relay determination unit 221 determines that the frame has been transmitted by the relay device
In other words, the sequence number in the present invention serves as (1) an identifier of each frame, (2) associating data frame (namely, the first frame) and the ACK frame (namely, the receipt acknowledgement of the first frame), and (3) indicating a destination receiving device toward which the data frame has been transmitted or the ACK frame corresponding to the data frame. Thus, the receiving device 20 determines, from the type information included in the frame, whether the type of the frame is ACK frame. If it is determined that the frame is an ACK frame, the receiving device 20 can know the destination toward which the data frame to which the ACK frame corresponds to has been transmitted. Here, usually, the receiving device 20 does not receive the ACK frame that corresponds to the data frame transmitted toward the own device. This is because the ACK frame corresponding to the data frame transmitted toward the own device is a frame that should be transmitted by the receiving device itself. Thus, when the relay determination unit 221 receives the ACK frame corresponding to the data frame the destination of which is the own device, the relay determination unit 221 can determine that the received frame has been transmitted by a wireless device other than the own device, i.e., the relay device 30, on behalf of the own device.
Next,
As shown in
The transmitting unit 333A is a communication interface for transmitting the frame.
The receiving unit 333B receives a frame transmitted from one of the transmitting device 10 and the receiving device 20 to the other. The transmitting unit 333A and the receiving unit 333B may have the same configurations of, for example, the transmitting unit 112A and the receiving unit 112B, respectively.
The frame determination unit 334 determines whether the frame received by the receiving unit 333B is any of the first frame and the second frame which is transmitted by the receiving device 20 as the receipt acknowledgement to the first frame. If determined that the frame is the first frame, the frame determination unit 334 stores the first frame in a storage unit 341 included in the frame determination unit 334.
If the receiving unit 333B receives the first frame, and does not receive the second frame corresponding to the first frame within a predetermined period starting from the reception of the first frame, the proxy ACK generation unit 332 generates a third frame which is a frame that includes the same information as the information to be included in the second frame and is proxy of the second frame. In other words, referring to
It should be noted that if the proxy ACK generation unit 332 receives the first frame and does not receive the second frame within a predetermined period independent of the time of reception of the first frame, the proxy ACK generation unit 332 may determine to generate the third frame.
If the receiving unit 333B receives the first frame and then does not receive the second frame that corresponds to the first frame within the predetermined period, the communication control unit 340 causes the transmitting unit 333A to transmit the third frame to the transmitting device 10 and the receiving device 20. Moreover, the communication control unit 340 sets, in the inactive period subsequent to the active period, an extended active period which is a period in which the communication is allowed to continue after the end of the active period, and causes the transmitting unit 333A to transmit the first frame stored in the frame determination unit 334 to the receiving device 20 as a fourth frame in the extended active period.
More specifically, if the receiving unit 333B receives the first frame and then does not receive the second frame in the predetermined period, the communication control unit 340 causes the transmitting unit 333A to transmit the third frame to the transmitting device 10 and the receiving device 20, sets the extended active period so that the transmission of the fourth frame is completed in the active period, and causes the transmitting unit 333A to transmit the fourth frame to the receiving device 20.
It should be noted that referring to
It should be noted that, if the communication control unit 340 cannot receive, after the reception of the first frame, the second frame within a predetermined period independent of the time of reception of the first frame, the communication control unit 340 may (1) transmit the third frame, (2) transmit the fourth frame, and (3) set the extended active period, as mentioned above.
It should be noted that the relay device 30 according to the present embodiment achieves the same advantageous effects of the present invention without the storage unit 341. Specifically, the relay device 30 can store the first data in a storage medium external to the relay device 30.
A relay device 1030 according to the variation includes a transmitting and receiving unit 333, the proxy ACK generation unit 332, an ACK detection unit 331, a data frame extraction unit 355, a sleep control unit 335, and the storage unit 341.
Referring to
The proxy ACK generation unit 332 has functionality of generating the ACK frame as a proxy ACK frame, on behalf of a destination wireless device, if the transmitting and receiving unit 333 cannot receive the ACK frame within T11 which is the wait time for the ACK frame.
The data frame extraction unit 355 has functionality of extracting a data frame stored in the storage unit 341 and relay forwarding the data frame to the destination wireless device via the antenna 311 after the ACK detection unit 331 has determined that ACK cannot be received within the wait time T11 for the ACK frame and the proxy ACK frame has been transmitted.
The sleep control unit 335 sets the extended active period for the relay device 30 to cause the relay device 30 to continue the transmission and reception of frame for a period of time without going to sleep even after the relay device 30 enters the inactive period.
Next, an operation how the relay device 30 relays the first frame that is transmitted toward the receiving device 20b from the transmitting device 10 will be described with reference to
Here, as described above, the receiving device 20b cannot directly receive a data frame 50 that has been transmitted from the transmitting device 10 toward the receiving device 20b (S210). Thus, if the relay device 30 waits for the wait time T11 for an ACK frame from the receiving device 20b and then cannot receive the ACK frame, the relay device 30 transmits a proxy ACK frame 51. The proxy ACK frame 51 is received by the transmitting device 10 and the receiving device 20b (in S212 and S214, respectively).
Next, the relay device 30 and the receiving device 20b each set, in the inactive period 1008 subsequent to the end of the current active period 1007, an extended active period 1100 which is a period in which each device is communicable. Specifically, the relay device 30 sets the extended active period 1100 so that a period in which the relay device 30 is communicable continues at least until the completion of transmission of a proxy data frame 52 (hereinafter, also referred to as proxy data or a fourth frame). Moreover, the receiving device 20b sets the extended active period 1100 so that a period in which the receiving device 20b is communicable continues at least until the completion of reception of the proxy data frame 52. In this manner, the receiving device 20b can complete the reception of the proxy data 52 (S216).
Then, the receiving device 20b transmits to the relay device 30 a proxy data ACK frame 53 (hereinafter, also referred to as proxy data ACK or a fifth frame) which is acknowledgement to the proxy data.
It should be noted that, in
Thus, the relay device 30 and the receiving device 20b each may determine not to set an extended active period longer than T13 plus T14, if, for example, the extended active period cannot be set by the end of the inactive period 1008 which is after the transmission and reception of the proxy ACK 51. In this case, the relay device 30 and the receiving device 20b may start the transmission and reception, respectively, of the proxy data 52 when the subsequent active period arrives.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the relay device 30 and the receiving device 20b each set a period in which each device is communicable until the completion of transmission of the proxy ACK frame 51 and the completion of reception of the proxy ACK frame 51, respectively. Thus, the frame relay is achieved without causing delay.
Next, a processing flow performed by the transmitting device 10 will be described with reference to
First, the selection unit 115 selects an SN corresponding to the receiving device 20b which is destination, with reference to the SN storage unit 116 (S71).
Here, it is assumed that the device address of the receiving device 20b is 0x0011. The selection unit 115 selects, for example, a sequence number 1, with reference to the SN storage unit 116a shown in
Next, referring to
Then, the transmitting device 10 transmits the data frame from the transmitting unit 112A (S73).
It should be noted that, as shown in
Next, a processing flow of the receiving device 20b will be described with reference to
Once the receiving unit 212B receives the frame (S81), the relay determination unit 221 parses the frame to acquire the sequence number. The relay determination unit 221 matches, to the SN storage unit 116b, the device address corresponding to the acquired sequence number to determine whether the destination of the ACK frame is the own device (S82). Here, the destination of the ACK frame is the own device, and thus the receiving device 20b confirms presence of a relay station and then recognizes that the proxy data frame is to be relay forwarded from the relay station. Thus, the communication control unit 222 sets the extended active period so that the receiving device 20b is communicable until the completion of reception of the proxy data frame (S84).
It should be noted that the communication control unit 222 determines, by the time of completion of the next data frame transmission, whether to allow the receiving device 20b to enter the inactive period 1008, and may set the extended active period only if the receiving device 20b is to enter the inactive period, so that the receiving device 20b does not go to sleep for a period of time.
For example, the communication control unit 222 acquires the data size of the proxy data 52 from the relay device 30 and divides the data size by the communication speed between the receiving device 20b and the relay device 30, thereby calculating a time required for the transfer of the proxy data 52. Moreover, the communication control unit 222 can know the end time of the current active period through the beacon frame periodically received by the communication control unit 222. Thus, if a time T1 at which the time required for the completion of reception of the proxy data 52 has been elapsed since the start of the reception of the proxy ACK is an end time T2 of the active period or later, the communication control unit 222 may set the extended active period which is at least a difference between T1 and T2.
It should be noted that, as shown in
Next, a processing flow of the relay device 30 will be described with reference to
As described above, the transmitting device 10 and the receiving device 20b are not in a range where the communication therebetween is allowed, and thus the receiving device 20b cannot receive the data frame 50. On the other hand, the relay device 30 is in the range where the transmitting device 10 is communicable therewith, and thus the relay device 30 receives the data frame 50 (S310).
The frame determination unit 334 parses the received frame to determine whether the received frame is a data frame (S312). If the received frame is the data frame 50 (Yes in S312), the frame determination unit 334 stores the received data frame 50 as proxy data in the storage unit 341. It should be noted that the frame determination unit 334 may determine whether the destination address of the data frame 50 is the own address, and perform the processing steps from step S314 only when the destination address is determined to be other than the own address. In this case also, the destination of the data frame 50, here, is the receiving device 20b, and thus the frame determination unit 334 included in the relay device 30 temporarily stores the data frame 50 in the storage unit 341 (S314).
Next, the relay device 30 determines whether the ACK frame can be received until the wait time T11, which is for the ACK frame to the data frame 50 transmitted by the transmitting device 10, is elapsed (S316). Here, only when it is determined that the ACK frame cannot be received until the wait time T11 is elapsed (NO in S316), the relay device 30 transmits to the transmitting device 10 the proxy ACK frame 51 which is proxy for the ACK frame to the data frame 50 (S318).
Here, the transmitting device 10 receives, as being transmitted from the receiving device 20b, the proxy ACK frame 51 in which an address of the receiving device 20b is set as the destination address (S318).
Next, the communication control unit 340 sets the extended active period for the relay device 30 (S324).
Subsequently, the communication control unit 340 transmits, as the proxy data frame 52, the data frame 50 stored in the storage unit 341 to the receiving device 20b (S326).
It should be noted that, as shown in
For example, the communication control unit 340 acquires the data size of the proxy data 52 and divides the data size by the communication speed between the receiving device 20b and the relay device 30, thereby calculating a time required for the completion of reception of the proxy data 52. Moreover, the communication control unit 340 can know the end time of the current active period through the beacon frame periodically received by the communication control unit 340. Thus, if a time T3 at which the time required for the completion of transmission of the proxy data frame 52 has been elapsed since the start of the transmission of the proxy ACK frame is an end time T4 of the active period or later, the communication control unit 340 may set the extended active period which is at least a difference between T3 and T4.
If the communication control unit 340 determines that the active period comes to its end before the transmission of the proxy data frame 52 is completed (Yes in S322), the communication control unit 340 sets the extended active period (S324) and transmits the proxy data frame 52 (S326).
It should be noted that, as shown in
The above operation allows continuous communication even in the wireless network system where there is a mixture of the active period 1007 and the inactive period 1008, without the relay device 30 entering the inactive period in the middle of relaying the data frame to go to sleep. As a result, delay time can be reduced to the wait time indicated by T13 shown in
In other words, the transmitting device 10 according to the present embodiment generates and transmits the ACK frame in which the destination is associated with a sequence number to the receiving device. As a result, even in the ACK frame (namely, a frame that is transmitted as the receipt acknowledgement to a frame) such as of IEEE 802.15.4 in which no Addressing Field indicative of the destination of the frame is included, the receiving device can determine a destination receiving device toward which the received ACK frame, to which the receipt acknowledgement corresponds, has been transmitted. This allows the receiving device to determine whether the received frame has been transmitted by the relay device. If it is determined, as a result, that the received frame has been transmitted by the relay device, relay of a transmission frame with low delay is possible by setting the extended active period.
Moreover, if the receiving device 20 according to the present embodiment determines that the received frame has been transmitted by the relay device, the receiving device 20 sets the extended active period so that the receiving device 20 can receive all frames to subsequently be transmitted by the relay device in a period until the next beacon is transmitted. As a result, a frame relay with low delay is possible.
Moreover, the relay device 30 according to the present embodiment sets, in the inactive period determined by the wireless communication system, the extended active period that is a period in which at least the own device is communicable until the completion of transmission of the frame being relayed, thus, preventing the relay device from going to the sleep state while transmitting the frame to be relayed. Thus, the relay device can relay frames with low delay in the wireless communication system in which the wireless communication is performed in the active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in the inactive period.
Next, a relay device a according to an embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
The relay device 1030a according to the present embodiment is different from the relay device 30 according to the embodiment 1 shown in
The proxy data ACK detection unit 360 detects a fifth frame (namely, the proxy data ACK frame 53) which is transmitted by the receiving device 20 toward the transmitting device 10 as the receipt acknowledgement to the fourth frame (namely, a proxy data frame 52).
The proxy data ACK detection unit 360 stores, in association, the identifier unique to the receiving device 20 and a confirmation result which indicates whether the fifth frame corresponding to the fourth frame is detected in a predetermined period starting from when the fourth frame has been transmitted, in a confirmation table 362 included in the proxy data ACK detection unit 360.
When the communication control unit 340a cannot receive the second frame, which corresponds to the first frame, from the receiving device 20 which is the destination of the first frame, in a predetermined period starting from when the first frame is received, and the confirmation result which is stored in the confirmation table 362 and corresponds to the identifier of the receiving device indicates that the fifth frame has not previously been detected, the communication control unit 340a (A) causes a transmitting unit 333A to transmit the third frame to a transmitting device 10 and the receiving device 20, (B) sets an extended active period so that the transmission of the fourth frame is completed within the active period, and (C) causes the transmitting unit 333A to transmit the first frame stored in a frame determination unit 334 to the receiving device 20 as the fourth frame.
It should be noted that, as with a relay device 1030b shown in
As shown in
For example, the confirmation result corresponding to a terminal address, 0x0011, is “SUCCESSFUL”. This indicates that the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 has successfully detected the fifth frame in a predetermined time when the fourth frame has previously transmitted to the receiving device 20 the identifier of which is 0x0011. Thus, the communication control unit 340a performs processing steps ((A) to (C) described above) for relaying a data frame that is transmitted toward the receiving device 20 the terminal address of which is specified by 0x0011.
The confirmation result corresponding to the terminal address, 0x0013, is “FAILED”. This indicates that the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 has failed to detect the fifth frame in the predetermined time when the fourth frame has previously been transmitted to the receiving device 20 the identifier of which is 0x0013. Thus, the communication control unit 340a does not relay the data frame that is transmitted toward the receiving device 20 the terminal address of which is specified by 0x0013.
The communication control unit 340a receives the data frame that is transmitted toward the receiving device the terminal address of which is specified by, for example, 0xffff, and if the terminal addresses in the confirmation table 362 does not include 0xffff, the communication control unit 340a relays the data frame to the receiving device 20 the terminal address of which is specified by 0xffff. After the relay, if the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 can detect, in the predetermined time, the fifth frame transmitted from the receiving device 20 the terminal address of which is 0xffff, the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 stores the terminal address, 0xffff, and the confirmation result, “SUCCESSFUL”, in association in the confirmation table 362.
On the other hand, after the relay, if the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 cannot detect, in the predetermined time, the fifth frame transmitted from the receiving device 20 the terminal address of which is 0xffff, the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 stores the terminal address, 0xffff, and the confirmation result, “FAILED”, in association in the confirmation table 362.
It should be noted that while the confirmation result stored in the confirmation table 362 is represented as “SUCCESSFUL” and “FAILED” in the present embodiment, the confirmation result can be stored in any format representing two states such as “RECEIVABLE” and “UNRECEIVABLE”, “OK” and “NG”, and “1” and “0”. Moreover, in the confirmation table 362, the confirmation result may be stored as any of a total of three states which are the two states, “SUCCESSFUL” and “FAILED” plus, for example, “UNKNOWN” or “2” as information indicating that whether a fifth data frame can be received is unknown.
Once the relay device 1030a receives the data frame 50 transmitted from the transmitting device 10 toward the receiving device 20b located at a distance where direct communication thereto from the transmitting device 10 is not allowed (S210), the communication control unit 340a confirms whether the fifth frame has previously been transmitted from the receiving device 20b, with reference to the confirmation table 362. Here, if the confirmation result indicating that the detection of the fifth frame has failed is not stored in the confirmation table 362, the communication control unit 340a transmits the proxy ACK 51 and, subsequently, transmits the proxy data 52 to the receiving device 20b (S216). Then, the communication control unit 340a waits for a predetermined time (for example, T11) for the fifth frame which is a receipt acknowledgement to the proxy data 52 from the receiving device 20b.
It should be noted that examples of the case where the confirmation result indicating that the detection of the fifth frame has failed is not stored in the confirmation table 362 include a case where the confirmation result indicating that the fifth frame from the receiving device 20b has been received is stored in the confirmation table 362 and a case where the confirmation result with respect to the receiving device 20b is not stored in the confirmation table 362.
Here, when both the receiving device 20b and the relay device 1030a are located where direct communication therebetween is not allowed, the relay device 1030a cannot receive the fifth frame. Thus, the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 included in the relay device 1030a stores in the confirmation table 362 the confirmation result indicating that the reception of the fifth frame from the receiving device 20b has failed.
When the receiving unit 333B receives the wireless frame (S402) and the frame determination unit 334 determines that the received frame is a data frame (Yes in S404), the frame determination unit 334 stores the frame in the storage unit 341 (S406).
Then, if the ACK frame corresponding to the receive data frame has been received within a specified time (Yes in S408), the communication control unit 340a ends the processing. On the other hand, if the ACK frame has not been received within the specified time, the communication control unit 340a determines that the data frame need be relayed, and sets the extended active period (S410).
Next, the communication control unit 340a determines whether a destination of the data frame to be relayed is present in the confirmation table 362 (S412). If the destination is present as a result of the determination (Yes in S412), the communication control unit 340a refers to the confirmation result of a corresponding proxy data ACK (S414). Here, if the confirmation result indicates that the reception of the proxy data ACK has failed (No in S414), the communication control unit 340a ends the processing.
On the other hand, if the destination of the data frame to be relayed is not present in the confirmation table 362 (No in S412) or if the confirmation result indicating that the destination of the data frame to be relayed has received the proxy data is stored in the confirmation table 362 (Yes in S414), the communication control unit 340a transmits the proxy ACK generated by the proxy ACK generation unit 332 (S416).
Next, the communication control unit 340a transmits, as proxy data, the data frame stored in the storage unit 341 to the destination of the data frame (S418).
Next, the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 determines whether the proxy data ACK corresponding to the transmitted proxy data has been received within a specified time (S420). If the reception is failed as a result, the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 stores, in the confirmation table 362, information (“FAILED”) indicating that the reception of the proxy data ACK has failed (S424). On the other hand, if the reception of the proxy data ACK is successful, the proxy data ACK detection unit 360 stores, in the confirmation table 362, information (“SUCCESSFUL”) indicating that the proxy data ACK has been received (S422).
It should be noted that if the proxy data ACK detection unit has failed to receive the proxy data ACK in step S420, the proxy data may be retransmitted within a predetermined number of times.
For example, referring to
It should be noted that the communication control unit 340a may determine, before setting the extended active period in step S410, whether the active period comes to its end before the transmission of the data frame is completed. In this case, the communication control unit 340a may set the extended active period in step S410 only if determined that the active period comes to its end.
It should be noted that the connection configuration according to the embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention and the variations thereof is not limited to the wireless communication. For example, the connection configuration may be a wired communication which allows the wireless network system according to the present invention to communicate with various transmission media, such as a power line (an electric line), a telephone line, a coaxial cable, an optical cable, Ethernet (registered trademark), USB (Universal Serial Bus), HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface; registered trademark), and IEEE 1394.
It should be noted that the configurations according to the embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention and the variations thereof are described taking, as an example, the transmission of data frame in downlink in which the data frame is forwarded from the transmitting device via the relay device to the receiving device. However, the present invention is not limited thereto and the data frame may be transferred in uplink in which the data frame is forwarded from the receiving device via the relay device to the transmitting device. Such a configuration can be readily envisioned by a combination of the embodiments described above. In other words, the data frame relay of the wireless communication system according to the present invention is applicable not only to downlink but also to uplink.
It should be noted that in the configurations according to the embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention and the variations thereof, the role functions of the transmitting device, the relay device, and the receiving device are distinctly separated. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be embodied as a wireless transmission device incorporating all the role functions therein, which can support a P2P (Peer to Peer) mesh network.
It should be noted that the configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention can be achieved using a program to be executed by a computer running on CPU or MPU.
In other words, the program causes the computer to execute a relay method comprising: step (a) receiving a frame; step (b) storing the first frame when the received frame is determined to be the first frame; and step (c) when the second frame is not received within a predetermined period after reception of the first frame, transmitting a third frame which is a proxy frame of the second frame; setting an extended active period which is a period in which communication is allowed to continue after an end of the active period, in the inactive period subsequent to the active period; and transmitting to the receiving device, in the extended active period, a fourth frame which is the first frame stored in the determination.
Moreover, the program may be stored in a storage medium such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory), or may be distributed via a transmission medium such as the Internet.
It should be noted that the configurations of the wireless devices according to the embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention and variations thereof are not limited to software configurations operating on CPU or MPU, and may typically be implemented using hardware such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration) which is an integrated circuit. These processing components may separately be mounted on one chip, or the whole configuration or a part of the configuration of the processing components may be mounted on one chip. The term, IC, system LSI, super LSI, ultra LSI, or the like may be used to refer to the integrated circuit, depending on the difference in degree of integration. Moreover, the integrated circuit is not limited to the LSI and may be implemented using a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor. Furthermore, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or a reconfigurable processor in which connection or settings of circuit cells in LSI is reconfigurable, may be used. Furthermore, if circuit integration technology emerges replacing current semiconductor technology due to advance in semiconductor technology or other technology derived therefrom, the functional blocks may, of course, be integrated using the technology. For example, application of biotechnology is possible.
More specifically,
The wireless devices each include a computer 734, a keyboard 736 and a mouse 738 whereby instructions are given to the computer 734, a display 732 on which information on the result by the computer 734 is presented, a CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory) device 740 and communication modem 752 whereby the program to be executed by the computer 734 is read.
The program which includes the processing steps performed by the wireless devices is stored in a CD-ROM 742 which is a computer-readable storage medium, and read by the CD-ROM device 740. Alternatively, the program is read by the communication modem 752 via a computer network.
The computer 734 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 744, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 746, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 748, a hard disk 750, the communication modem 752, and a bus 754.
The CPU 744 executes the program read by the CD-ROM device or read via the communication modem 752. The ROM 746 stores therein programs and data required for operation of the computer 734. The RAM 748 stores therein data such as parameters for execution of the program. The hard disk 750 stores therein programs and data. The communication modem 752 performs a communication with other computer via a computer network. The bus 754 interconnects the CPU 744, the ROM 746, the RAM 748, the hard disk 750, the communication modem 752, the display 732, the keyboard 736, the mouse 738, and the CD-ROM device 740.
Furthermore, part or the whole of the components included in each device described above may be configured with an IC card or a single module detachable to each device. The IC card or the module is a computer system which includes the microprocessor, ROM, RAM, or the like. The IC card or the module may include the super multi-function LSI described above. The IC card or the module achieves its functionality by the microprocessor operating in accordance with the computer program. The IC card or the module may be of tamper-resistant.
Moreover, the present invention may be the methods described above. Moreover, the present invention may be a computer program implementing such methods via a computer, or digital signals including the computer program.
Furthermore, the present invention may be a computer-readable recording medium having recorded therein the computer program or the digital signals, such as a flexible disk, a hard disk, CD-ROM, MO, DVD, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, BD (Blu-ray Disc (registered trademark)), memory card such as a USB memory and a SD card, and a semiconductor memory. Moreover, the present invention may be the digital signals recorded in such recording mediums.
Moreover, the present invention may be the computer program or the digital signals transmitted via an electric communication line, a wireless or wired communication line, a network represented by the Internet, data broadcast or the like.
Moreover, the present invention may be a computer system which includes a microprocessor and a memory, the memory may store therein the computer program, and the microprocessor may operate in accordance with the computer program.
Moreover, by transferring the program or the digital signals stored in the recording medium, or transferring the program or the digital signals via the network or the like, the program or the digital signals may be executed in other independent computer system.
Furthermore, the embodiments and variations described above may be combined.
The embodiments as have been disclosed herein are merely illustrative and should not be interpreted as restrictive. The scope of the present invention is interpreted by the scope of the appended claims rather than by the description set forth above, and includes modifications equivalent to the appended claims and within the scope thereof.
The present invention is applicable to relay devices and so on, and, in particular, to a relay device and so on in a wireless communication system in which the relay device relays a first frame that is transmitted toward a receiving device from a transmitting device and which is a wireless communication system in which the wireless communication is performed in an active period and the wireless communication is interrupted in an inactive period
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011-091498 | Apr 2011 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/002324 | 4/3/2012 | WO | 00 | 11/8/2012 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012/140850 | 10/18/2012 | WO | A |
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| 20130077558 A1 | Mar 2013 | US |
