Patent Application
20150117940
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to EP Patent Application No. 13190766.9, filed on Oct. 30, 2013, which the entirety thereof is incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure relates to a release assembly of a drilling tool used in rock drilling and overburden drilling, a use of the release assembly and a method of forming a drilling tool for rock drilling or overburden drilling. The release assembly is intended to be arranged axially between two drilling tool components, which can be connected together at a joint by means of connecting threads.
In mines and at other work sites, drilling machines are used for drilling bore holes into rock surfaces and soil. The drilling machine includes a rotating device for rotating a drilling tool during drilling. In many drilling applications the drilling machine also has a percussion device for generating impact pulses to the tool.
The drilling tool may be composed of several drilling tool components, which are arranged axially successively and connected to each other by means of connecting threads. Opening of the connecting threads between the drilling components after drilling procedures has proven difficult. The connecting threads have a tendency to get stuck. The stuck joint causes loss of time and money.
An aspect of the disclosure is to provide an arrangement for release of connecting threads between drilling components. A further aspect is to provide a method of forming a drilling tool.
The release assembly according to the disclosure is characterized in that the connecting threads of the joint have a first handedness; and the first counter surface and second counter surface are both provided with at least one inclined flank surfaces having a second handedness opposite to the first handedness of the connecting threads, whereby the release assembly is arranged to be lengthened when the first counter surface and the second counter surface are turned relative to each other in a closing direction of the first handedness, and is arranged to be shortened when turned in an opening direction of the first handedness.
The method according to the disclosure is characterized by arranging between the successive drilling tool components the release assembly.
The drilling tool is provided with at least one release assembly. The release assembly is arranged at a joint between two successive axial drilling tool components. The release assembly has an axial length and includes a release mechanism, which allows the axial length of the release assembly to shorten when the joint is opened.
Furthermore, connecting threads and counter surfaces of the release assembly are opposite in handedness regarding their opening and closing directions. The connecting threads of the joint have a first handedness. The first counter surface and second counter surface are both provided with at least one inclined flank surface having a second handedness opposite to the first handedness of the connecting threads. Thus, the release assembly is arranged to be lengthened when the first counter surface and the second counter surface are turned relative to each other in a closing direction of the first handedness, and is arranged to be shortened when turned in an opening direction of the first handedness. In other words, when the connecting threads are right handed, the flank surfaces are left handed, and vice versa.
An advantage of the disclosed solution is that the release assembly provides easy opening of the connection threads between the successive drilling tool components. When the release mechanism shortens in response to the turning in the opening direction, friction forces are decreased and opening is facilitated. Furthermore, inclined flank surfaces are easy to manufacture and they endure forces and wear well.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly includes at least one first intermediate component and at least one second intermediate component. Both of the intermediate components have counter surfaces facing each other, and contact surfaces facing the drilling components of the joint. In this embodiment, the release assembly is a separate and independent piece, which may be placed between the connectable drilling components without any modifications to a basic design of the drilling tool components.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly includes one single intermediate component. This intermediate component is provided with the first counter surface and a contact surface. Further, one of the connectable drilling components of the joint is provided with a second counter surface. Thus, the second counter surface is an integrated part of the drilling tool component. This embodiment may be beneficial when the number of components or axial length of the release assembly needs to be minimized, for example.
According to an embodiment, the connecting threads and the inclined flank surfaces of the counter surfaces are opposite in handedness regarding their opening and closing directions. The connecting threads have a first pitch angle and the inclined flank surfaces have a second pitch angle. The second pitch angle is greater than the first pitch angle. Accordingly, even a small turning motion in the opening direction may decrease tightening force of the flank surfaces and generate needed axial shortening. However, the second pitch angle should be less than fivefold relative to the first pitch angle. This way, unintended opening of the release assembly may be avoided due to the influence of dynamic forces during the use of the drilling tool.
According to an embodiment, the second pitch angle of the inclined flank surfaces is 2 to 3 fold relative to the first pitch angle of the connecting threads.
According to an embodiment, the second pitch angle of the inclined flank surfaces is smaller than the first pitch angle of the connecting threads. Thus, this embodiment is opposite to what has been described in some of the embodiments above. This embodiment may be usable in situations where an unintentional opening of the release assembly is a problem.
According to an embodiment, the first counter surface is provided with one or more first transverse surfaces and the second counter surface is provided with one or more second transverse surfaces. The transverse surfaces are transverse relative to the inclined flank surfaces. The transverse surfaces may be in axial direction, perpendicular to the flank surfaces or in a desired angular direction. The first transverse surface is facing the second transverse surface and one or more flexible member is arranged between them. The flexible member occupies a distance between the transverse surfaces. The flexible member prevents the transverse surfaces from being positioned in contact with each other. In other words, the flexible member allows the counter elements or surfaces to be turned in their opening direction relative to each other.
According to an embodiment, the above mentioned flexible member is made of one or more resilient materials, such as rubber or elastic polymer. When the release assembly is turned in the opening direction, the resilient material may be temporarily compressed or reshaped.
According to an embodiment, the above mentioned flexible member is a separate element, which is installed between the transverse surfaces facing each other. The separately manufactured flexible member is easy to place between the transverse surfaces and it can be changed later if need be. At its simplest implementation the separate flexible member may be a rubber piece.
According to an embodiment, one or both of the opposing transverse surfaces are covered by a resilient material, which serves as the flexible member. Between the transverse surfaces there may be a space filled with the resilient material. Alternatively, the faces of the transverse surfaces may be coated with the resilient material. The resilient material may be rubber or rubber—like material. Some polymers, such as polyurethane PU, are also suitable for the purpose. In this embodiment the flexible member is prearranged or integrated in the release assembly, thus allowing easy and fast mounting of the release assembly.
According to an embodiment, the transverse surfaces are held at a distance from each other by means of one or more spring members. When the release assembly is turned towards the opening direction, then the spring member will compress and allow the release assembly to be shortened in the axial direction. In some situations it may be more convenient to use the spring member as a flexible member instead of the above-mentioned resilient material.
According to an embodiment, the contact surface of the intermediate component is provided with one or more friction zones having an intentionally increased friction coefficient. The friction zone may be provided with intentionally increased surface roughness. The friction zone may comprise a knurling, for example. Alternatively, the friction zone may be covered with friction material having a greater friction coefficient compared to the basic material of the intermediate component. The contact surface may have one or several smaller friction zones, and one or more additional zones without the disclosed feature, or alternatively, the entire contact surface is treated for obtaining the increased friction coefficient for the entire area. The idea of the friction zone is to prevent unintentional opening of the connecting threads by increasing friction forces between the intermediate component and the connectable drilling tool component.
According to an embodiment, the contact surface of the intermediate component has a tapered shape. Due to the tapered shape, contact area between the intermediate piece and the connectable drilling tool component may be increased. The intermediate component may include the tapered contact surface on an outer periphery, or alternatively on an inner periphery of the intermediate component.
According to an embodiment, the intermediate component has an outer periphery and an inner periphery, which both have one or more curved surfaces. The outer periphery and the inner periphery may both have a closed form.
According to an embodiment, the intermediate component has a ring shaped configuration, whereby it has an outer circumference and an inner circumference. The intermediate component may have a circular or elliptical shape, for example.
According to an embodiment, the intermediate component is formed of two or more separate pieces. The intermediate component may be sleeve like piece which is formed of two halves, for example.
According to an embodiment, the counter surface of the intermediate component is formed of two or more separate pieces. The intermediate piece may be provided with several counter pieces mounted in recesses on the counter surface.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly is intended to be used in a down-the-hole drilling (DTH). Accordingly, the release assembly is arranged between a drill bit assembly and a down-the-hole percussion device. The drill bit assembly has a drill bit and fastening members for fastening the drill bit. The down-the-hole percussion device is also known as a DTH-hammer.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly is used in the DTH-drilling. The release assembly is arranged between a locking nut of the drill bit assembly and the DTH-hammer. The locking nut is also known as a driver sub.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly is intended to be used in an extension drilling. In this manner the release assembly is arranged between two successive drilling tool components. The drilling tool component may be a drill bit, a drill rod or a drill pipe, for example.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly is intended to be used in a rotary drilling. In this manner the release assembly is located between the rotating unit and a drill bit. Between the rotating unit and the drill bit there may be one or more drill tubes or rods provided with connecting threads.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly is intended to be used in a top-hammer drilling. In this manner the release assembly is located between a drilling machine and a drill bit, which are located at opposite ends of the drilling equipment. Between the drilling machine and the drill bit there may be one or more drill tubes or rods provided with connecting threads.
According to an embodiment, the release assembly is without any connection threads. Instead two drilling tool components are provided with needed connection threads for connecting them in a joint. Thus, surfaces of the release assembly that are arranged against the connectable drilling tool components are not provided with connection threads. The release assembly may be an intermediate piece arranged between the two connectable drilling tool components without being fastened to the drilling tool components by means of connection threads.
The above-disclosed embodiments can be combined to form suitable solutions provided with necessary features disclosed.
The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of the embodiments, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments depicted are not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
a-7c show schematically and in an axial direction, intermediate components having several sections, each provided with inclined flank surfaces and transverse surfaces in their counter surfaces.
a and 8b show schematically contact surfaces of the intermediate component provided with one or more friction zones.
For the sake of clarity, the figures show some embodiments of the disclosed solution in a simplified manner. In the figures, like reference numerals identify like elements.
When the rock drilling is based on rotation R and feed F of the tool then the drilling is known as rotary drilling. However, the rock drilling machine 6 may also have an impact device or percussion device 13 for generating impact pulses to the tool 9. When the rock drilling machine 6 is provided with the percussion device 13, which is located on an opposite end of the tool 9 as compared to the drill bit 11, the drilling is known as top-hammer drilling.
The tool 9, the drill rods 10 of the tool and the drill bit 11 are drilling tool components 14, which are arranged axially and consecutively. Between the consecutive drilling tool components 14 are joints 15 for interconnecting the components. The joint(s) 15 may include connecting threads allowing mounting and dismounting of the joint by screwing the drilling tool components 14 relative to each other around the center line of the tool 9. Further, the front end of the tool 9 may be connected to the shank 8 by means of a joint 15 having connecting threads. The connecting threads of the joints 15 may stick, wherefore the joints 15 may be provided with a release assembly described herein.
At a drilling site, one or more drill holes 16 are drilled with the drilling unit 2. The drill holes 16 may be drilled in a vertical direction, as is shown in
As it is shown in
In the disclosed embodiment of
The first counter surface 26 may include a first transverse surface 28 and the second counter surface 27 may include a second transverse surface 29, which are facing each other. The transverse surfaces 28, 29 define a space 30 inside which is arranged a flexible member 31. The flexible member 31 occupies a distance D1 between the transverse surfaces 28, 29.
When the first counter surface 26 and the second counter surface 27 are turned relative to each other in a closing direction Rc, the axial length of the release assembly 18 is lengthened. The release assembly 18 then has the initial length L1. When the joint 15 opened and the first counter surface 26 is turned relative to the second counter surface 27 in an opening direction Ro, the axial length of the release assembly 18 is shortened. The release assembly 18 then has the second axial length L2 and as a consequence of that, friction forces are decreased in the joint 15 allowing easy opening of the joint 15. The flexible member 31 allows the relative movement of the intermediate components 22a, 22b towards the opening direction Ro. The flexible member 31 may be a separate piece arranged in the space 30. The flexible member may be a rubber piece, for example.
Let it further be mentioned that the intermediate components 22a, 22b may be sleeve-like pieces having an outer diameter 32 and an inner diameter 33. However, other shapes and forms are also possible. An additional embodiment may have only one intermediate component 22a or 22b, since one of the drill tool components 14a or 14b may have an integrated counter surface 26 or 27.
In
In
In
a shows that the intermediate component 22 may have several inclined flank surfaces and transverse surfaces 29 in the counter surface 27. In the solution shown in
In
c further shows that the intermediate component 22 may have a form different from a basic sleeve. The intermediate component 23 may have a slot 32, whereby the outer periphery is not closed. On the other hand, the outer surface of the release assembly 18 needs not to be circular, but may have any suitable form.
a and 8b show that the contact surface 24 of the intermediate component 22 may include one or more friction zones 33, which all have an increased friction coefficient compared to a friction coefficient of the basic material of the intermediate component. The friction zone 33 may be a knurling or other surface treatment, or alternatively, it may be a coating.
In
In
Although the present embodiment(s) has been described in relation to particular aspects thereof, many other variations and modifications and other uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art. It is preferred therefore, that the present embodiment(s) be limited not by the specific disclosure herein, but only by the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13190766.9 | Oct 2013 | EP | regional |
