1. Technical Field
The present invention generally relates to remote control pointing technology with roll detection and more particularly to a roll detection system for determining a roll angle of a light emitting apparatus around a longitudinal axis thereof.
The present invention also relates to a light emitting apparatus and light detecting arrangements for use in such a system.
2. Description of Related Art
For easy interaction between a user and interactive content point-and-click operations, typically using a computer mouse, are very common and accepted. Usually, these operations are performed close to the screen and require a flat surface or a device, which is either hard to use or very expensive.
On the other hand, for lean-back and relax applications, e.g. watching video and listening to music, the remote control (RC) is commonly used. It can also be observed that the number of RC buttons is growing rapidly due to the growing complexity of the applications it controls. This has led to discontent and confusion on the part of the users on which buttons to press for a specific application.
The current problem is being compounded by the convergence of the traditional lean-back applications with the PC applications with the internet being the backend supporting infrastructure. A dilemma arises with the convergence as both the lean back and PC world have different interaction means.
In order to deal with this problem remote control pointing technology has been developed. Using a remote control hand held device comprising a number of Infra Red (IR) light emitting diodes (LEDs) and a light detector near a screen it is possible to determine where a user is pointing the device in relation to the screen. This enables users to make point-and-click operations or make gestures that can be recognized in the vicinity of the screen.
It is often unavoidable, that there is a slight rotation around the longitudinal axis (roll axis) of the pointing device when it is moved. It is not desirable that this roll of the pointing device affects the determination of the position where the pointing device is pointed to. Thereto, it is needed to quantify the roll error and compensate for this error. Alternatively, the roll action may be used as an extra degree of freedom in control, in addition to movement.
A system in which the roll of a pointing device may be determined is disclosed in the patent application US 2004/0222969. The pointing device is a light emitting apparatus comprising two polarized light sources, the first one with a polarization angle of −45°, the second one with a polarization angle of 45°. The light detecting device is equipped with a vertical polarization filter. This allows the detection of the roll angle for an angle range of 90°.
It is an object of the invention to provide a system in which the roll angle of a light emitting apparatus can be detected for a larger angle range.
These and other objects of the invention are achieved by a roll detection system according to independent claim 1, a light emitting apparatus according to independent claim 16 and light detecting arrangements according to claims 17 and 18. Favorable embodiments are defined by the dependent claims 2-15.
According to an aspect of the invention there is provided a roll detection system comprising a light emitting apparatus, a light detecting arrangement and means for determining a roll angle of the light emitting apparatus around a longitudinal axis thereof. The light emitting apparatus preferably is a pointing device which can be pointed by a user in relation to a screen. The light emitting apparatus comprises at least a first light source being adapted for mainly or exclusively emitting light with a certain polarization orientation and a second light source being adapted for mainly or exclusively emitting light with a certain polarization orientation different from the polarization orientation of the light emitted by the first light source. The light detecting arrangement comprises a detector being adapted for mainly or exclusively detecting light with a certain polarization orientation. The orientation of the polarization of the light emitted by the first and second light source differs by an angle unequal to 90°.
The invention is based on the recognition that, by using two light sources having an orientation of the polarization light sources which differs by an angle (substantially) different from 90°, the roll can be detected for a larger angle range than according to the prior art. This is particularly advantageous in systems that use “rolling” movements as an additional way for generating commands. The intensity of the detected light with a certain polarization orientation from the first and the second light source varies as a function of the roll angle. By measuring the light intensity received from both the first and the second light source the roll angle of the light emitting apparatus can be determined. Preferably, the division of the light intensity of the first and second light source is used for determining the roll angle. In this way the system does not rely on signal strength itself, but on the division of two signal strengths making it less sensitive for environmental (background) light conditions.
According to an embodiment the orientation of the polarization of the light emitted by the first and second light source differs between 10° and 70°. This enables roll angle detection with a good accuracy over a relatively large range.
According to a further embodiment the different polarization of the first and second light sources is obtained by equipping them with polarization filters with a different orientation. The use of polarization filters is a very efficient and cheap way for generating polarized light.
Advantageously, the light detecting arrangement comprises a polarization filter for mainly or exclusively detecting the light with a certain polarization orientation. The use of a polarization filter is a very efficient and cheap way for detecting polarized light.
Preferably, the first and second light sources are equipped with substantially less than 100% efficient light blocking polarization filters. In this way, it is avoided that the detected intensity of a light source becomes zero or close to zero at a certain roll angle, which is the case if 100% efficient filters are used. If the detected intensity of a light source becomes zero or close to zero, it is not possible to determine the pointing direction of the light emitting apparatus.
In an alternative embodiment the polarization filters are switched on and off. In this way, the roll angle and pointing direction of the light emitting apparatus can be detected with only one detector. The switching can be done in two ways: in the pointing device or in the light detecting arrangement at the receiver side. The roll can be detected while polarization filter(s) is (are) enabled, and the pointing direction can be detected when the filters are off.
Alternatively or additionally, the light detecting arrangement comprises a further detector for equally detecting light with any polarization orientation. Also in this way, it is avoided that the detected light intensity of a light source becomes zero or close to zero at a certain roll angle. Reliable determination of the pointing direction of the light emitting apparatus is possible in all these embodiments.
Preferably, the light emitting apparatus further comprises a third and a fourth light source. The first and the third light source are placed along a first axis. They are adapted for emitting light with the same polarization orientation. The first and the third light source have a mutually different radiation pattern. The second and the fourth light source are placed along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis. They are adapted for emitting light with the same polarization orientation. The second and the fourth light source have a mutually different radiation pattern. In case a light emitting apparatus with this structure is used, its roll angle can be calculated by using the sum of the intensities of the first and the third light source and the sum of the intensities of the second and the fourth light source, respectively. The difference in the detected light intensity of the first and third light source determines the position where the user is pointing in a first direction. The difference in the detected light intensity of the second and fourth light source determines the position where the user is pointing in a second direction. In this way, the movement in a first direction, a second direction and the roll angle can be obtained in an effective way.
According to an alternative embodiment the light emitting apparatus comprises a third light source adapted for emitting un-polarized light. This third light source may be used as a reference. In this way, the roll can be detected for an angle range of 180°.
According to a further alternative embodiment the light emitting apparatus comprises a third light source adapted for emitting polarized light with a different polarization orientation than the first and the second light source. By adding a third polarized light source an increased accuracy of the angle measurements is achieved.
According to a further preferred embodiment the light emitting apparatus comprises a detector for detecting the orientation of the light emitting apparatus with respect to the earth. As a general rule this orientation approximately corresponds to the roll angle of the light emitting apparatus. The light emitting apparatus is equipped for adapting the light emitted by at least one of the light sources as a function of the detected orientation. The orientation detector is for example a gravitation detector or an earth magnetic field detector, such as a Hall sensor. According to this embodiment at the receiving side roll detection for an angle range of 360° is in principle possible.
According to a first possibility the light emitting apparatus is adapted for switching the at least one light source on in case that the detected orientation of the light emitting apparatus lies in a first range and for switching the at least one light source off in case that the detected orientation of the light emitting apparatus lies in a second range.
Alternatively, the at least one of the light sources of the light emitting apparatus is adapted for mainly or exclusively emitting light with a certain polarization orientation in case that the detected orientation of the light emitting apparatus lies in a first range and for emitting un-polarized light in case that the detected orientation of the light emitting apparatus lies in a second range.
The first range preferably runs from 0° to 180° (the “upright” position) and the second range runs from 180° to 360° (the “turn round” position). So, the light emitted by the light emitting apparatus in case of an orientation between 0° and 180° is different from the light emitted in case of an orientation between 180° and 360°. Since the orientation with respect to the earth generally corresponds to the roll angle, the receiving end is provided with information if the roll angle lies between 0° and 180° or between 180° and 360°. Within these ranges the roll angle is more precisely determined by using the intensity of the detected light with a certain polarization orientation from the light sources.
According to a further alternative possibility the light emitting apparatus is adapted for transmitting information about the detected orientation by modulating the light emitted by the at least one of the light sources. This information may be used at the receiving end for determining the roll angle in addition to the intensity of the detected light with a certain polarization orientation coming from the light sources.
According to a further aspect of the invention a light emitting apparatus and light detecting arrangements are provided for use in a roll detection system
These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter.
The invention will be better understood and its numerous objects and advantages will become more apparent to those skilled in the art by reference to the following drawing, in conjunction with the accompanying specification, in which:
Throughout the figures like reference numerals refer to like elements.
In this detailed description the light emitting apparatus of which the roll angle is to be determined is a pointing device which can be pointed by a user in relation to a screen. However, the invention can also be applied to light emitting apparatuses other than pointing devices.
The four light sources transmit coded signals. This can be done by using frequency multiplexing (different flashing frequencies) code multiplexing (different orthogonal codes), wavelength multiplexing (different wavelengths) or a time division multiplexing technique (different flashing times).
The light sources are all adapted for emitting polarized light. Preferably, the light sources are LEDs emitting un-polarized light equipped with a polarization filter (not shown in
As shown in
As shown schematically in
As shown in
Then signal strength determining means 10 determine the signal strengths of the four signals. That can be achieved by using a rectifier followed by a low-pass filter for each signal.
Then signal difference determining means 12 determine the difference ΔX between the signals SX1,SX2 emitted by the two horizontally placed light sources X1,X2 and the difference ΔY between signals SY1,SY2 emitted by the two vertically placed light sources Y1,Y2.
The difference ΔX determines the position where the user is pointing in a first direction. The difference ΔY determines the position where the user is pointing in a second direction.
The difference signal can be normalized to compensate for user distance using the most powerful signal. In this way the system does not rely on signal strength, but on difference in signal strength making it less sensitive for environmental (background) light conditions. Also a changing user position hardly influences the system.
Additionally, signal adder means 14 determine the sum S(X1+X2) of the signals SX1,SX2 emitted by the two horizontally placed light sources X1,X2 and the sum S(Y1+Y2) of the signals SY1,SY2 emitted by the two vertically placed light sources Y1,Y2.
By making the polarization difference smaller the detection angle range is increased but the accuracy will drop. This is illustrated in
On the other hand if the polarization difference between the light sources on the X-axis and the Y-axis is increased, the accuracy increases but only a smaller angle range can be detected.
In the example above 100% efficient light blocking polarization filters are used, blocking 100% light coming in under 90 degrees of the polarizing filter angle. A drawback thereof is that the signal strengths of the light sources along the X-axis and the Y-axis become zero at certain roll angles. For this reason, the pointing direction of the device cannot be properly determined at these angles. For this reason, in practice it is preferred to use less than 100% efficient filters, preferably about 50% efficient filters. 50%-efficient filters block 50% of the light coming in under 90 degrees of the polarizing filter angle. When such filters are used, the “dips” in
An alternative way to detect the roll and angle-movement/pointing direction with only one detector is to switch the polarization filters on and off, as described in the patent application WO-A-98/38803. The teaching of WO-A-98/38803 is incorporated into this description by reference. The switching can be done in two ways: in the pointing device 2 or in the light detecting arrangement 4 at the receiver side. If the switching is performed with a certain repetition (example 1 kHz) the roll can be detected while polarization filter(s) is (are) enabled, and the pointing direction can be detected when the filters are off.
According to a further example as depicted in
In an alternative implementation the pointing device comprises an un-polarized reference light source in addition to the signal sources X1,X2 along the X-axis and the signal sources Y1,Y2 along the Y-axis. The signal intensity of this light source as detected by the light detector is used as a reference. In this way, the signal strengths of the signal sources X1,X2 along the X-axis and the signal sources Y1,Y2 along the Y-axis are used for determining the roll angle and not the division of these signal strengths. In this way, the roll angle can be detected over a range of 180°.
According to an alternative example, three light sources L1,L2,L3 are used as shown in
In principle it is possible to detect the rolling angle for a range larger than 180° if the history of rolling is used.
Alternatively, the roll angle can be detected for the whole 360° angle range by adding a detector for detecting the orientation of the light emitting apparatus with respect to the earth. As a general rule this orientation approximately corresponds to the roll angle of the light emitting apparatus. The detector is for example a gravitation or earth magnetic field detector, such as a Hall sensor. In this way, the difference between the upright orientation and the opposite orientation of the pointing device can be detected very easily.
According to a first alternative as shown in
According to a second alternative, as shown in
The detected gravitation or earth-magnetic information can also be transmitted in digital or analogue format to the receiving end by modulating the LEDs or one of the LEDs. At the receiving end the roll angle can be calculated using this information in addition to the intensity of the detected light with a certain polarization orientation coming from the light sources.
The pointing device can be used for numerous applications such as:
As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, the innovative concepts described in the present application can be modified and varied over a wide range of applications. For example, although the light sources described herein are light emitting diodes emitting infra red light, any other light sources may be used, including light sources emitting visible light. Furthermore, it is also possible to use only two light sources. In this case it is possible apart from determining the roll angle, to determine the pointing position in only one direction.
Accordingly, the scope of patented subject matter should not be limited to any of the specific exemplary teachings discussed, but is instead defined by the following claims. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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06111210.8 | Mar 2006 | EP | regional |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/IB07/50682 | 3/2/2007 | WO | 00 | 9/12/2008 |