Patent Grant
11684379
The present technology relates generally to devices and methods for removing obstructions from body lumens. Some embodiments of the present technology relate to devices and methods for removing clot material from blood vessels.
Many medical procedures use medical device(s) to remove an obstruction (such as clot material) from a body lumen, vessel, or other organ. An inherent risk in such procedures is that mobilizing or otherwise disturbing the obstruction can potentially create further harm if the obstruction or a fragment thereof dislodges from the retrieval device. If all or a portion of the obstruction breaks free from the device and flows downstream, it is highly likely that the free material will become trapped in smaller and more tortuous anatomy. In many cases, the physician will no longer be able to use the same retrieval device to again remove the obstruction because the device may be too large and/or immobile to move the device to the site of the new obstruction.
Even in successful procedures, a physician must be cautious to prevent the walls of the vessel or body lumen from imparting undesired forces to shear or dislodge the obstruction as it passes through the vasculature during removal. These forces have the potential of fragmenting the obstruction. In some cases, the obstruction can simply break free from the retrieval device and can lodge in a new area causing more concern than the original blockage.
Procedures for treating ischemic stroke by restoring flow within the cerebral vasculature are subject to the above concerns. The brain relies on its arteries and veins to supply oxygenated blood from the heart and lungs and to remove carbon dioxide and cellular waste from brain tissue. Blockages that interfere with this blood supply eventually cause the brain tissue to stop functioning. If the disruption in blood occurs for a sufficient amount of time, the continued lack of nutrients and oxygen causes irreversible cell death (infarction). Accordingly, it is desirable to provide immediate medical treatment of an ischemic stroke. To access the cerebral vasculature, a physician typically advances a catheter from a remote part of the body (typically a leg) through the abdominal vasculature and into the cerebral region of the vasculature. Once within the cerebral vasculature, the physician deploys a device for retrieval of the obstruction causing the blockage. Concerns about dislodged obstructions or the migration of dislodged fragments increases the duration of the procedure at time when restoration of blood flow is paramount. Furthermore, a physician might be unaware of one or more fragments that dislodge from the initial obstruction and cause blockage of smaller more distal vessels.
Many physicians currently perform thrombectomies (i.e. clot removal) with stents to resolve ischemic stroke. Typically, the physician deploys a stent into the clot in an attempt to push the clot to the side of the vessel and re-establish blood flow. Tissue plasminogen activator (“tPA”) is often injected into the bloodstream through an intravenous line to break down a clot. However, it takes time for the tPA to reach the clot because the tPA must travel through the vasculature and only begins to break up the clot once it reaches the clot material. tPA is also often administered to supplement the effectiveness of the stent. Yet, if attempts at clot dissolution are ineffective or incomplete, the physician can attempt to remove the stent while it is expanded against or enmeshed within the clot. In doing so, the physician must effectively drag the clot through the vasculature, in a proximal direction, into a guide catheter located within vessels in the patients neck (typically the carotid artery). While this procedure has been shown to be effective in the clinic and easy for the physician to perform, there remain some distinct disadvantages using this approach.
For example, one disadvantage is that the stent may not sufficiently retain the clot as it pulls the clot to the catheter. In such a case, some or all of the clot might remain the vasculature. Another risk is that as the stent mobilizes the clot from the original blockage site, the clot might not adhere to the stent as the stent is withdrawn toward the catheter. This is a particular risk when passing through bifurcations and tortuous anatomy. Furthermore, blood flow can carry the clot (or fragments of the clot) into a branching vessel at a bifurcation. If the clot is successfully brought to the end of the guide catheter in the carotid artery, yet another risk is that the clot may be “stripped” or “sheared” from the stent as the stent enters the guide catheter. Regardless, simply dragging an expanded stent (either fully or partially expanded) can result in undesired trauma to the vessel. In most cases, since the stent is oversized compared to the vessel, dragging a fixed metallic (or other) structure can pull the arteries and/or strip the cellular lining from the vessel, causing further trauma such as a hemorrhagic stroke (leakage of blood from a cerebral vessel). Also, the stent can become lodged on plaque on the vessel walls resulting in further vascular damage.
In view of the above, there remains a need for improved devices and methods that can remove occlusions from body lumens and/or vessels.
At least some of the embodiments disclosed herein are devices, systems, and methods for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel lumen. For example, some embodiments are directed to a clot retrieving device that includes an elongated shaft configured to be intravascularly positioned at or adjacent clot material within a blood vessel lumen, and a retrieval assembly coupled to a distal region of the elongated shaft. The retrieval assembly may include a flexible cover and a capture structure. The retrieval assembly may be deployed within the blood vessel lumen at or near the clot material such that the capture structure engages or otherwise becomes enmeshed with at least a portion of the clot material and at least a portion of the cover presses outwardly against the blood vessel wall proximal of the capture structure. Pulling the elongated shaft proximally everts the cover over the capture structure such that the cover at least partially ensheaths the capture structure and associated clot material. The retrieval assembly can then be withdrawn to remove the clot retrieval device and associated clot material from the patient.
In at least some embodiments of the present technology, the cover may have a first portion coupled to the elongated shaft and a second portion extending from the first portion. The cover may be configured such that, when the cover is in the inverted configuration, the second portion may have (a) a first region distal to a distal terminus of the capture structure, the first region tapering radially inwardly in a distal direction, and (b) a second region extending distally and radially outwardly from the first region.
The subject technology is illustrated, for example, according to various aspects described below. Various examples of aspects of the subject technology are described as numbered clauses (1, 2, 3, etc.) for convenience. These are provided as examples and do not limit the subject technology. It is noted that any of the dependent clauses may be combined in any combination, and placed into a respective independent clause, e.g., clause (1, 14, 27, etc.). The other clauses can be presented in a similar manner.
1. A clot retrieving device, comprising:
2. The clot retrieving device of Clause 1 wherein, in the second configuration, the second region of the second portion extends distally and circumferentially radially outwardly from the first region.
3. The clot retrieving device of Clause 1 or Clause 2 wherein, in the second configuration, the second portion of the cover has a third region extending proximally from the second region.
4. The clot retrieving device of Clause 3 wherein, in the second configuration, the second portion of the cover has a fourth region that extends distally and radially outwardly from the third region, wherein the third region and the fourth region meet at a proximal folded edge.
5. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 1-4 wherein, in the second configuration, the first and second regions of the second portion together define a channel extending therethrough.
6. The clot retrieving device of Clause 5 wherein, in the second configuration, the first portion of the cover defines an axially-extending cavity that is continuous with the channel of the second portion.
7. The clot retrieving device of Clause 5 or Clause 6 wherein a diameter of the channel decreases in a distal direction along the first region and increases in a distal direction along the second region.
8. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 1-7 wherein, when the cover is unconstrained in the first configuration, the cross-sectional area at the second portion of the cover is greater than the cross-sectional area at the first portion of the cover.
9. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 1-8 wherein the cover is a braid comprising a plurality of interwoven filaments.
10. The clot retrieving device of Clause 9 wherein at least some of the plurality of filaments comprise a superelastic material.
11. The clot retrieving device of Clause 9 wherein at least some of the plurality of filaments are drawn-filled tube (“DFT”) wires comprising a radiopaque core material surrounded by a superelastic material.
12. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 1-11 wherein the capture structure is a stent.
13. The clot retrieving device of Clause 12 wherein the stent is a cut tube.
14. A clot retrieving device, comprising:
15. The clot retrieving device of Clause 14 wherein, in the second configuration, the broad portion of the second portion curves circumferentially radially outwardly and proximally from the distal region of the neck portion.
16. The clot retrieving device of Clause 14 or Clause 15 wherein, in the second configuration, the second portion of the cover has an inverted portion that extends distally and radially outwardly from the broad portion, wherein the broad portion and the inverted portion meet at a curved edge.
17. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 14-16 wherein, in the second configuration, a length of the neck portion and a length of the broad portion define the distal face of the cover.
18. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 14-17 wherein, in the second configuration, the broad portion surrounds and is spaced apart from at least a portion of the length of the neck portion.
19. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 14-18 wherein, in the second configuration, a cross-sectional area of the broad portion is greater than the cross-sectional area of the first portion of the cover.
20. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 14-19 wherein, when the cover is unconstrained in the first configuration, the cross-sectional area at the second portion of the cover is greater than the cross-sectional area at the first portion of the cover.
21. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 14-20 wherein in the second configuration the cover is inverted relative to the first configuration.
22. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 14-21 wherein the cover is a braid comprising a plurality of interwoven filaments.
23. The clot retrieving device of Clause 22 wherein at least some of the plurality of filaments comprise a superelastic material.
24. The clot retrieving device of Clause 22 wherein at least some of the plurality of filaments are drawn-filled tube (“DFT”) wires comprising a radiopaque core material surrounded by a superelastic material.
25. The clot retrieving device of any one of Clauses 14-24 wherein the capture structure is a stent.
26. The clot retrieving device of Clause 25 wherein the stent is a cut tube.
27. A device for removing material from a vessel, comprising:
28. The clot retrieving device of Clause 27 wherein, when inverted, the second portion of the cover is configured to curve circumferentially radially outward from the narrow portion.
29. The clot retrieving device of Clause 27 or Clause 28 wherein the device is configured to be removed from the vessel and the inverted cover is configured to evert after removal.
30. The clot retrieving device of Clause 29 wherein the device having the everted cover is configured to be re-positioned within the vessel or positioned within a different vessel.
31. A method for using a clot retrieval device to retrieve clot material from a blood vessel of a patient, the clot retrieval device including a capture structure and a cover having a first portion and a second portion, the method comprising:
32. The method of Clause 31 wherein the wide region includes:
33. The method of Clause 32 wherein the wide region further includes a third portion extending distally and radially outwardly from a distal terminus of the wide region, wherein the second portion of the wide region and the third portion of the wide region meet at a proximal edge of the wide region.
34. The method of any one of Clauses 31-33 wherein the clot retrieval device is constrained within a delivery sheath during delivery of the clot retrieval device to the clot material, and wherein expanding the clot retrieval device includes withdrawing the delivery sheath proximally beyond the cover.
35. The method of any one of Clauses 31-34, further comprising inverting the first portion of the cover while the second portion of the cover remains in contact with the vessel wall.
36. The method of any one of Clauses 31-35 wherein, when the clot retrieval device is positioned in the blood vessel in the first configuration, the second portion of the cover exerts a greater radially outward force on the vessel wall than the first portion.
37. The method of any one of Clauses 31-36 wherein expanding the clot retrieval device includes expanding the capture structure distal of the clot material.
38. A device for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel, the device comprising:
39. The device of Clause 38 wherein the cross-sectional dimension of the outer layer along the distal and intermediate portions of the cover is greater than an inner diameter of the portion of the blood vessel adjacent to the clot material such that, when the cover is expanded within the blood vessel lumen, the outer layer exerts a radially outward force on the blood vessel wall along at least the distal and intermediate portions of the cover.
40. The device of Clause 38 or Clause 39 wherein, at least when the cover is in an expanded, relaxed state, the outer layer along the proximal portion of the cover has a distal region and a proximal region extending proximally from the distal region to the connector, and wherein (a) the distal region has a generally constant cross-sectional dimension, and (b) a cross-sectional dimension of the proximal region decreases in a proximal direction.
41. The device of Clause 40 wherein, at least when the cover is in an expanded, relaxed state, the cross-sectional dimension of the distal region of the outer layer is substantially the same as the cross-sectional dimension along the distal and intermediate portions of the cover.
42. The device of any one of Clauses 38-41 wherein, at least when the cover is in an expanded, relaxed state, the first cross-sectional dimension of the inner layer is generally constant along the proximal portion of the cover.
43. The device of any one of Clauses 38-42 wherein, at least when the cover is in an expanded, relaxed state, the second cross-sectional dimension of the inner layer is generally constant along the distal portion of the cover.
44. The device of any one of Clauses 38-43 wherein, at least when the cover is in an expanded, relaxed state:
45. The device of any one of Clauses 38-44 wherein the distal terminus of the cover defines an opening configured to receive a capture structure therethrough, and wherein the cover includes a cavity extending proximally from the opening to the connector.
46. The device of Clause 45 wherein the intermediate portion of the inner layer is convex towards the cavity.
47. The device of Clause 45 wherein the intermediate portion of the inner layer has a distal region that is concave towards the cavity, and a proximal region that is convex towards the cavity.
48. The device of any one of Clauses 38-47 wherein the distal terminus of the cover is a folded edge.
49. The device of any one of Clauses 38-48 wherein the cover is an inverted tubular braid.
50. The device of any one of Clauses 38-49 wherein the elongated member is a solid wire.
51. The device of any one of Clauses 38-50, wherein, when the capture structure is received in the cover, a first portion of the inner layer is displaced radially outward to accommodate the capture structure, and a second portion of the inner layer, located distal of the first portion, remains collapsed radially inward to form at least a partial closure distal of the capture structure.
52. A system for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel, the system comprising:
53. The system of Clause 52 wherein the funnel-shaped region of the cover has a distal portion with a generally constant cross-sectional dimension and a tapered proximal portion.
54. The system of Clause 52 or Clause 53 wherein, at least when the cover is in an expanded, relaxed state, the distal terminus of the cover surrounds an opening configured to receive the capture structure therethrough.
55. The system of Clause 54 wherein the inner layer surrounds a cavity extending from the opening to the third portion of the cover.
56. The system of any one of Clauses 52-55 wherein, as the capture structure is moved proximally along the neck region of the inner layer while the cover is expanded within the blood vessel such that the outer layer contacts with the blood vessel wall, a distance between the inner layer and the outer layer decreases along the portion of the cover axially aligned with the capture structure.
57. The system of any one of Clauses 52-56 wherein the cover is an inverted tubular braid.
58. The system of any one of Clauses 52-57 wherein the cover is a mesh and the capture structure is a stent formed of a cut tube.
59. The system of any one of Clauses 52-58, wherein, when the capture structure is received in the cover, a first portion of the inner layer is displaced radially outward to accommodate the capture structure, and a second portion of the inner layer, located distal of the first portion, remains collapsed radially inward to form at least a partial closure distal of the capture structure.
60. A system for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel, the system comprising:
61. The system of Clause 60, wherein, when the capture structure is received in the cover, a first portion of the inner layer is displaced radially outward to accommodate the capture structure, and a second portion of the inner layer, located distal of the first portion, remains collapsed radially inward to form at least a partial closure distal of the capture structure.
62. The system of Clause 60 or 61, wherein the cover has a closed proximal end.
63. The system of any one of Clauses 60-62, wherein a distalmost portion of the inner layer is not collapsed radially inward, so as to form an enlarged distal opening of the cover.
64. The system of any one of Clauses 60-63, wherein the distalmost portion of the inner layer extends proximally in at least partial contact with a radially adjacent portion of the outer layer.
65. The system of any one of Clauses 60-64, wherein at least the distal region of the elongated member comprises a wire.
66. The system of any one of Clauses 60-65, wherein at least the distal region of the elongated member comprises a stent retriever.
67. The system of any one of Clauses 60-66, wherein a distal terminus of the cover is a folded edge.
68. The system of any one of Clauses 60-67, wherein the cover is an inverted tubular braid and the capture structure is a stent formed of a cut tube.
69. The system of any of Clauses 60-68, wherein the cover is coupled to the elongated member at a connector, and wherein the cover has a proximal portion, an intermediate portion, and a distal portion, and wherein, at least when the cover is in an expanded, relaxed state:
70. A device for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel lumen, the device comprising:
71. The device of Clause 70 wherein the connector is coupled to the distal zone of the elongated shaft by a crimp and/or a binding agent.
72. The device of Clause 70 wherein the connector is configured to move with respect to the elongated shaft.
73. The device of any one of Clauses 70-72 wherein the connector is a first connector and the device further comprises a second connector at least partially surrounding the proximal region of the capture structure, and wherein the inner band of the first connector has a first inner diameter and the second connector has a second inner diameter greater than or equal to the first inner diameter of the inner band.
74. The device of any one of Clauses 70-73, wherein the connector is crimped to the first portion of the cover.
75. The device of any one of Clauses 72-74, further comprising a stop fixed to the elongated shaft proximal of the connector.
76. The device of Clause 75 wherein the stop includes a coil attached to the elongated shaft.
77. The device of any one of Clauses 70-76 wherein the connector is a first connector, the device further comprising a second connector, wherein the second connector and the inner band and/or the outer band are composed of a radiopaque material.
78. The device of any one of Clauses 70-77 wherein the inner band and/or the outer band are composed of a radiopaque material.
79. The device of any one of Clauses 70-78 wherein the cover is composed of a plurality of drawn-filled tube (“DFT”) wires, and at least a portion of the outer band comprises platinum.
80. The device of any one of Clauses 70-79 wherein at least a portion of the cover comprises a superelastic material.
81. The device of any one of Clauses 70-80 wherein the inner and outer bands have generally the same length.
82. The device of any one of Clauses 70-81 wherein a distal terminus of the inner band and a distal terminus of the outer band are at least generally aligned along a plane approximately normal to the elongated shaft.
83. The device of any one of Clauses 70-82 wherein a proximal terminus of the inner band and a proximal terminus of the outer band are at least generally aligned along a plane approximately normal to the elongated shaft.
84. The device of any one of Clauses 70-83 wherein the cover includes a plurality of interwoven wires, and a portion of the wires protrude proximally from a proximal terminus of the outer band, and wherein the device further comprises a jacket over the proximal terminus of the outer band and the protruding portion of the wires.
85. The device of Clause 84 wherein the jacket further extends over a portion of the elongated shaft proximal of the proximal terminus of the outer band.
86. The device of any one of Clauses 70-85 wherein the inner band and the outer band each include a proximal terminus, and the proximal terminus of the inner band extends proximally beyond the proximal terminus of the outer band, the device further comprising a jacket over the proximal terminus of the outer band and a portion of the inner band that extends proximal of the proximal terminus of the outer band.
87. The device of any one of Clauses 70-86 wherein the capture structure is a stent and the cover is a braid.
88. A device for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel lumen, the device comprising:
89. The device of Clause 88 wherein the inner band, the cover and the outer band are coupled to the distal zone of the manipulation member by a crimp and/or a binding agent.
90. The device of Clause 88 wherein the inner band and the outer band are configured to move with respect to the manipulation member.
91. The device of any one of Clauses 88-90 wherein the inner band and the outer band are crimped to the first portion of the cover.
92. The device of any one of Clauses 88-91, further comprising a stop fixed to the manipulation member and proximal of the inner band, wherein the stop has an inner diameter greater than the inner diameter of the inner band.
93. The device of any one of Clauses 88-92, further comprising a connector at least partially surrounding the proximal region of the interventional element and a portion of the distal zone of the manipulation member, wherein at least a portion of the cover comprises a superelastic material, and the connector and/or the outer band are composed of a radiopaque material.
94. The device of any one of Clauses 88-93 wherein a proximal terminus of the inner band and a proximal terminus of the outer band are generally aligned along a plane approximately normal to the manipulation member.
95. A method for retrieving clot material from a treatment site within a blood vessel lumen, the method comprising:
96. The device of Clause 95 wherein the connector is coupled to the distal zone of the elongated shaft by a crimp and/or a binding agent.
97. The device of Clause 95, further comprising moving the connector axially relative to the elongated shaft.
98. The device of any one of Clauses 95-97 wherein the retrieval assembly further includes a stop proximal to the connector, and wherein the stop includes a coil attached to the elongated shaft.
99. The device of any one of Clauses 95-98 wherein deploying the retrieval assembly includes inverting the cover from the first position to the second position.
100. A device for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel lumen, the device comprising:
101. The device of Clause 100, further comprising a jacket material over a proximal terminus of the inner band and a portion of the elongated shaft proximal of the proximal terminus of the inner band.
102. The device of Clause 101 wherein the jacket material is an inner jacket material, the device further comprising an outer jacket material over a proximal terminus of the outer band and at least a portion of the inner jacket material proximal of the proximal terminus of the outer band.
103. The device of Clause 101 or Clause 102 wherein the jacket material is an inner jacket material, the device further comprising an outer jacket material over a proximal terminus of the outer band and at least a portion of the elongated shaft proximal of the proximal terminus of the outer band.
104. The device of any of Clauses 100-104, further comprising an inner jacket material and an outer jacket material, wherein the inner jacket material is over a proximal terminus of the inner band and the outer jacket material is over a proximal terminus of the outer band.
105. The device of Clause 100 wherein the proximal region of the capture structure, the connector, and the first end portion of the cover are coupled to the distal zone of the elongated shaft by a crimp.
106. The device of any one of Clauses 100-105 wherein at least one of the inner band and the outer band is composed of a radiopaque material.
107. The device of any one of Clauses 100-106 wherein the cover is composed of a plurality of drawn-filled tube (“DFT”) wires, and at least a portion of the outer band comprises platinum.
108. The device of any one of Clauses 100-107 wherein at least a portion of the cover comprises a superelastic material.
109. The device of any one of Clauses 100-108 wherein the inner and outer bands have generally the same length.
110. The device of any one of Clauses 100 -109 wherein a distal terminus of the inner band and a distal terminus of the outer band are generally aligned along a plane normal to the elongated shaft.
111. The device of any one of Clauses 100-110 wherein a proximal terminus of the inner band and a proximal terminus of the outer band are generally aligned along a plane normal to the elongated shaft.
112. The device of any of Clauses 100-111 wherein the proximal region of the capture structure, the connector, and the first end portion of the cover are coupled to the distal zone of the elongated shaft.
113. The device of any one of Clauses 100-112 wherein the cover includes a plurality of interwoven wires, and a portion of the wires protrude proximally from a proximal terminus of the outer band, and wherein the device further comprises a jacket material over the proximal terminus of the outer band and the protruding portion of the wires.
114. The device of any one of Clauses 100-113 wherein the inner band and the outer band each include a proximal terminus, and the proximal terminus of the inner band extends proximally beyond the proximal terminus of the outer band, and wherein the device further comprises a jacket material over the proximal terminus of the outer band and a portion of the inner band proximal of the proximal terminus of the outer band.
115. The device of any one of Clauses 100-114 wherein the capture structure is a stent and the cover is a braid.
116. A device for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel lumen, the device comprising:
117. The device of Clause 116, further comprising a jacket material over a proximal terminus of the inner band and at least a portion of the elongated shaft proximal of the proximal terminus of the inner band.
118. The device of Clause 117 wherein the jacket material is an inner jacket material, the device further comprising an outer jacket material over a proximal terminus of the outer band and at least a portion of the inner jacket material proximal of the proximal terminus of the outer band.
119. The device of Clause 116, further comprising an inner jacket material and an outer jacket material, wherein the inner jacket material covers a proximal terminus of the inner band and the outer jacket material covers a proximal terminus of the outer band.
120. The device of any of Clauses 116-119 wherein the proximal region of the interventional element, the inner band, the outer band and the first end portion of the cover are coupled to the distal zone of the elongated shaft by a crimp.
121. The device of any one of Clause s 116-120 wherein at least a portion of the distal zone of the manipulation member is bent.
122. The device of any one of Clauses 116-121 wherein at least one of the inner band and the outer band is composed of a radiopaque material, and the cover is composed of a plurality of DFT wires.
123. The device of any one of Clauses 116-122 wherein the cover includes a plurality of interwoven wires, and a portion of the wires protrude proximally from a proximal terminus of the outer band, and wherein the device further comprises an inner jacket material and an outer jacket material, the inner jacket material covering a proximal terminus of the inner band and the outer jacket material covering a proximal terminus of the outer band and the portion of protruding wires.
124. A method for retrieving clot material from a treatment site within a blood vessel lumen, the method comprising:
125. The method of Clause 124, further comprising an inner jacket material over a proximal terminus of the inner band, and an outer jacket material over a proximal terminus of the outer band.
126. The method of Clause 124 or Clause 125 wherein the proximal region of the capture structure, the connector, and the first end portion of the cover are coupled to the distal zone of the elongated shaft by a crimp.
127. The method of any one of Clauses 124-126 wherein the cover includes a plurality of interwoven wires, and a portion of the wires protrude proximally from a proximal terminus of the outer band, and wherein the device further comprises a jacket material at least partially over the proximal terminus of the outer band and the protruding portion of the wires.
128. The method of any one of Clauses 124-127 wherein at least one of the inner band and the outer band is composed of a radiopaque material, and the cover is composed of a plurality of DFT wires.
129. The method of any one of Clauses 124-128 wherein the inner band and the outer band each include a proximal terminus, and the proximal terminus of the inner band extends proximally beyond the proximal terminus of the outer band, and wherein the device further comprises a jacket material at least partially over the proximal terminus of the outer band and the inner band proximally adjacent the proximal terminus of the outer band.
130. A device for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel lumen, the device comprising:
131. The device of Clause 130 wherein the cover is a braid, and the capture structure is a stent.
132. The device of Clause 130 or Clause 131 wherein the jacket includes a polymer.
133. The device of any one of Clauses 130-132 wherein the jacket includes a fluoropolymer.
134. The device of any one of Clauses 130-133 wherein at least a portion of the jacket comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (“PTFE”).
135. The device of any one of Clauses 130-134 wherein the jacket includes a heat-shrinkable material.
136. The device of any one of Clauses 130-135 wherein the jacket is at least partially over a portion of the elongated shaft proximal of the proximal terminus of the connector.
137. The device of any one of Clauses 130-136 wherein the inner band at least partially surrounds the proximal region of the capture structure.
138. The device of any one of Clauses 130 wherein the connector is a first connector, and the device further comprises a second connector distal of the first connector along the elongated shaft, wherein the second connector at least partially surrounds the proximal region of the capture structure and the distal zone of the elongated shaft.
139. The device of any one of Clauses 130-138 wherein the first connector is configured to move with respect to the elongated shaft.
140. The device of any one of Clauses 130-139, further comprising a stop fixed to the elongated shaft proximal of the first connector.
141. The device of any one of Clauses 130-140 wherein the connector includes an inner band and an outer band, and wherein:
142. The device of Clause 141 wherein the portion of the elongated shaft is a first portion, and the device further comprises a buffer material positioned over a second portion of the elongated shaft proximal of the proximal terminus of the inner band.
143. The device of Clause 142 wherein the buffer material is a coil.
144. A device for retrieving clot material from a blood vessel lumen, the device comprising:
145. The device of Clause 144 wherein the interventional element includes a proximal region at least partially surrounded by the connector.
146. The device of Clause 145 or Clause 146 wherein the connector includes an inner band and an outer band, and wherein the jacket is an outer sleeve, the device further comprising an inner sleeve over a proximal terminus of the inner band and a portion of the manipulation member proximal of the proximal terminus of the inner band.
147. The device of any one of Clauses 144-146 wherein the connector is a first connector, the device further comprising a second connector at least partially surrounding the proximal region of the interventional element and the portion of the distal zone of the manipulation member.
148. The device of any one of Clauses 144-147 wherein the connector includes an inner band and an outer band, and wherein the inner band is proximal of the proximal region of the interventional element and at least partially surrounds a portion of the distal zone of the manipulation member, and the outer band at least partially surrounds the inner band.
149. The device of Clause 146 or Clause 148 wherein a proximal terminus of the inner band extends proximally beyond a proximal terminus of the outer band, and wherein the jacket is at least partially over the inner band proximal of the proximal terminus of the outer band.
150. The device of any one of Clauses 144, 145, 147, 148 or 149 wherein the inner band and the outer band are configured to move with respect to the manipulation member.
151. The device of any one of Clauses 144-150, further comprising a stop fixed to the manipulation member proximal of the connector.
152. The device of any one of Clauses 144-151 wherein the jacket is a heat-shrinkable material.
153. The device of any one of Clauses 144-152 wherein at least a portion of the heat-shrinkable material is composed of a fluoropolymer.
154. The device of any one of Clauses 144-151 wherein:
155. A method for retrieving clot material from a treatment site within a blood vessel lumen, the method comprising:
156. The method of Clause 155 wherein the connector at least partially surrounds the proximal region of the capture structure.
157. The method of Clause 155 wherein the connector is a first connector proximal of the proximal region of the capture structure, and the device further comprises a second connector at least partially surrounding the proximal region of the capture structure.
158. The method of any one of Clauses 155-157 wherein the jacket is at least partially over a portion of the elongated shaft proximal of the proximal terminus of the connector.
159. The method of any one of Clauses 155-158 wherein the connector includes an inner band and an outer band, wherein:
160. The method of any one of Clauses 155-159 wherein the jacket is a heat-shrinkable material composed of a fluoropolymer.
Additional features and advantages of the subject technology are described below, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the subject technology. The advantages of the subject technology will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Many aspects of the present technology can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. Instead, emphasis is placed on illustrating clearly the principles of the present disclosure.
FIG. A is a side view of a distal portion of a clot retrieval device shown with a retrieval assembly in a first configuration in accordance with the present technology.
The present technology provides devices, systems, and methods for removing clot material from a blood vessel lumen. Although many of the embodiments are described below with respect to devices, systems, and methods for treating a cerebral or intracranial embolism, other applications and other embodiments in addition to those described herein are within the scope of the technology. For example, the retrieval devices of the present technology may be used to remove emboli from body lumens other than blood vessels (e.g., the digestive tract, etc.) and/or may be used to remove emboli from blood vessels outside of the brain (e.g., pulmonary blood vessels, blood vessels within the legs, etc.). In addition, the retrieval devices of the present technology may be used to remove luminal obstructions other than clot material (e.g., plaque, resected tissue, foreign material, etc.).
An overview of the retrieval devices of the present technology and associated methods of use is described below under heading 1.0 with reference to
The capture structure 100 has a low-profile configuration (not shown) when constrained within a delivery catheter (e.g., a microcatheter) and an expanded configuration for securing and/or engaging clot material or other obstructions within a blood vessel lumen (e.g., a cerebral blood vessel lumen) and/or for restoring blood flow within the blood vessel. The capture structure 100 has a proximal portion 100a coupled to the shaft 12 and a distal portion 100b. The capture structure 100 further includes an open cell framework or body 108 (
Referring again to
The cover 200 includes a first end portion 200a coupled to the shaft 12 via the connection assembly 300, a free second end portion 200b, and a cover wall 200c extending between the first end portion 200a and the second end portion 200b. As used herein to describe the second end portion 200b of the cover 200, the term “free” refers to a portion of the cover 200 that is not fixed to the elongated shaft 12 and may move radially and/or longitudinally with respect to the shaft 12. The cover 200 is flexible such that it is movable between a first position (
The cover 200 can comprise a mesh and/or braid of a plurality of wires (e.g., filaments, threads, sutures, fibers or the like) that have been interwoven to form a structure having openings (e.g., a porous fabric). The mesh and/or braid can be composed of metals, polymers, composites, and/or biologic materials. Polymer materials can include Dacron, polyester, polypropylene, nylon, Teflon, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyactic acid (PLA) silicone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polycarbonate, styrene, polyimide, PEBAX, Hytrel, polyvinyl chloride, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), rubber, latex, and/or other suitable polymers known in the art. Other materials known in the art of elastic implants can also be used. Metal materials can include, but are not limited to, nickel-titanium alloys (e.g. Nitinol), platinum, cobalt-chromium alloys, stainless steel, tungsten or titanium. In certain embodiments, metal filaments may be highly polished and/or surface treated to further improve their hemocompatibility. The cover 200 can be constructed solely from metallic materials without the inclusion of any polymer materials, solely from polymer materials without the inclusion of any metallic materials, or a combination of polymer and metallic materials.
In some embodiments, some or all of the wires of the cover 200 are drawn-filled tube (“DFT”) wires having a radiopaque core (e.g., platinum, tantalum, gold, tungsten, etc.) surrounded by a superelastic material (e.g., Nitinol, a cobalt-chromium alloy, etc.). The radiopaque core may comprise about 5% to about 50% (e.g., 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%) of the total-cross-sectional area of the individual wires. In some embodiments, the cover 200 may have 72-144 total wires (e.g., 72, 96 128, 144, etc.) Moreover, some or all of the wires may have a wire diameter of about 0.005 inches to about 0.015 inches (e.g., 0.008 inches, 0.01 inches, etc.). In some embodiments, all of the wires have the same diameter, and in other embodiments some of the wires have different diameters. Further details regarding cover embodiments in accordance with the present technology are described below with reference to
As shown in
As shown in
The retrieval assembly 344 may include the capture structure 100 and a cover 350 coupled to the elongated shaft 12 by the connection assembly 300. In some embodiments, the capture structure 100 and the cover 350 are fixed to the elongated shaft 12 at generally the same location, or the capture structure 100 and cover 200 may be coupled to the shaft 12 at different locations and/or may be slidable with respect to the elongated shaft 12. Additional details regarding the connection assembly 300 and relative positions of the capture structure 100 and cover 350 are described in greater detail below with reference to
The cover 350 may be a mesh structure. For example, in some embodiments the cover 350 is a braided tube having one or more preset shapes. The cover 350 can comprise a mesh and/or braid of a plurality of wires (e.g., filaments, threads, sutures, fibers or the like) that have been interwoven to form a structure having openings (e.g., a porous fabric). The mesh and/or braid can be composed of metals, polymers, composites, and/or biologic materials. Polymer materials can include Dacron, polyester, polypropylene, nylon, Teflon, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyactic acid (PLA) silicone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polycarbonate, styrene, polyimide, PEBAX, Hytrel, polyvinyl chloride, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), rubber, latex, and/or other suitable polymers known in the art. Other materials known in the art of elastic implants can also be used. Metal materials can include, but are not limited to, nickel-titanium alloys (e.g. Nitinol), platinum, cobalt-chromium alloys, stainless steel, tungsten or titanium. In certain embodiments, metal filaments may be highly polished or surface treated to further improve their hemocompatibility. The cover 350 can be constructed solely from metallic materials without the inclusion of any polymer materials, solely from polymer materials without the inclusion of any metallic materials, or a combination of polymer and metallic materials.
In some embodiments, some or all of the wires of the cover 350 are DFT wires having a radiopaque core (e.g., platinum, tantalum, gold, tungsten, etc.) surrounded by a superelastic material (e.g., Nitinol, a cobalt-chromium alloy, etc.). The radiopaque core may comprise about 5% to about 50% (e.g., 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%) of the total-cross-sectional area of the individual wires. In some embodiments, the cover 200 may have 72-144 total wires (e.g., 72, 96 128, 144, etc.) Moreover, some or all of the wires may have a wire diameter of about 0.005 inches to about 0.015 inches (e.g., 0.008 inches, 0.01 inches, etc.). In some embodiments, all of the wires have the same diameter, and in other embodiments some of the wires have different diameters.
The cover 350 includes a first end portion 350a coupled to the shaft 12 via the connection assembly 300, a free second end portion 350b, and a cover wall 350c extending between the first end portion 350a and the second end portion 350b. As used herein to describe the second end portion 350b of the cover 350, the term “free” refers to a portion of the cover 350 that is not fixed to the elongated shaft 12 and may move radially and/or longitudinally with respect to the shaft 12. As shown in
As shown in
When the cover 350 is in the first configuration (
In some embodiments, the second region 356b and the third region 356c may together define a curved distal face 366 of the end portion 356 and/or cover 350, and the third region 356c and the fourth region 356d may meet at a proximal, creased and/or folded edge 368 of the end portion 356. The distal terminus 345 of the cover 350 may coincide with the portion of the distal face 366 where the second region 356b meets the third region 356c. In some embodiments, the free edge 369 of the fourth region 356d is proximal of the distal face 366. Overlapping portions of the neck 370 and third region 356c may be in contact with one another or may be separated by a distance d1 (
The end portion 356 of
The broadened and “curled-back” shape of the end portion 356 facilitates manual retraction of the cover and subsequent re-use of the device 340, which can be difficult with a device, such as the clot retrieving device 10, that lacks such a feature. For example, as shown in
In several embodiments, the end portion 356 may have other shapes and/or configurations when the cover 350 is in the second configuration in an expanded, relaxed state. For example, although the cover wall 350c along the end portion 356 is folded on itself two times in the example shown in
As shown in
As shown in
In some embodiments, the diameter D1 of the body portion 358 is less than or equal to the diameter D2 of the end portion 356 when the cover 350 is in a relaxed, expanded state (
In use, the clot retrieving device 340 may be delivered through a delivery catheter 2 (e.g., a microcatheter) to a treatment site within a blood vessel lumen (e.g., a cerebral blood vessel) as described above with reference to
The retrieval assembly 602 may include the capture structure 100 and a cover 604. The proximal region 100a of the capture structure 100 may be coupled to the shaft 12 by connector 607, and a proximal region 604a of the cover 604 may be coupled to the shaft 12 by connector 605. Connector 605 may be positioned along the shaft 12 proximal of connector 607. The connector 607 can be similar to the connector 1201 (and any variations thereof) described with respect to
In some embodiments, the connector 607 and/or proximal region 100a of the capture structure 100 is fixed to the shaft 12, and the connector 605 and/or proximal region 604a of the cover 604 is slidably coupled to the shaft 12. As such, the connector 607 and/or proximal region 100a of the capture structure 100 is movable along the shaft 12 relative to the connector 605 and/or proximal region 604a of the cover 604. In those embodiments where the cover 604 is slidably attached to the shaft 12, the clot retrieving device 600 may include a stop 609 fixed to the shaft 12 proximal of connector 605 that prevents axial movement of connector 605 along the shaft 12 proximal of the stop 609. For example, the stop 609 and/or connector 607 may have a shape and size that inhibit movement of the cover 604 and/or connector 605. In some embodiments, the stop 609 and/or connector 607 can have an outer dimension that is larger than an interior dimension of connector 605 (or vice versa) such that movement of the connector 605 distally beyond connector 607 and/or proximally beyond stop 609 is inhibited or prevented. In some embodiments, the stop 609 may be formed integrally with the shaft 12. In several embodiments, the clot retrieving device 600 may include more than one stop. In some embodiments, the stop 609 can comprise a radiopaque material.
In some embodiments, the cover 604 and/or connector 605 can be fixedly attached to the shaft 12. The cover 604 and/or connector 605 can be fixedly attached to the shaft 12 by, for example, soldering, welding, crimping, adhesive(s), or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the cover 604 and/or connector 605 can be rotatably coupled to the shaft 12. For example, in some embodiments, the cover 604 and/or connector 605 may be slidably and rotatably coupled to the shaft 12. In some embodiments, the connector 605 may be fixed at a certain axial location along the shaft 12 but is still free to rotate about the shaft 12. In any of the foregoing embodiments, the capture structure 100 and/or connector 607 can be slidably and/or rotatably coupled to the shaft 12.
As shown in
In those embodiments where the cover 604 is a mesh and/or braid, the cover 604 may include a plurality of wires (e.g., filaments, threads, sutures, fibers or the like) that have been interwoven to form a structure having openings (e.g., a porous fabric). The mesh and/or braid can be composed of metals, polymers, composites, and/or biologic materials. Polymer materials can include Dacron, polyester, polypropylene, nylon, Teflon, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyactic acid (PLA) silicone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polycarbonate, styrene, polyimide, PEBAX, Hytrel, polyvinyl chloride, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), rubber, latex, and/or other suitable polymers known in the art. Other materials known in the art of elastic implants can also be used. Metal materials can include, but are not limited to, nickel-titanium alloys (e.g. Nitinol), platinum, cobalt-chromium alloys, stainless steel, tungsten or titanium. In certain embodiments, metal filaments may be highly polished or surface treated to further improve their hemocompatibility. The cover 604 can be constructed solely from metallic materials without the inclusion of any polymer materials, solely from polymer materials without the inclusion of any metallic materials, or a combination of polymer and metallic materials.
In some embodiments, some or all of the wires of the cover 604 are DFT wires having a radiopaque core (e.g., platinum, tantalum, gold, tungsten, etc.) surrounded by a superelastic material (e.g., Nitinol, a cobalt-chromium alloy, etc.). The radiopaque core may comprise about 5% to about 50% (e.g., 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%) of the total-cross-sectional area of the individual wires. In some embodiments, the cover 200 may have 72-144 total wires (e.g., 72, 96 128, 144, etc.) Moreover, some or all of the wires may have a wire diameter of about 0.005 inches to about 0.015 inches (e.g., 0.008 inches, 0.01 inches, etc.). In some embodiments, all of the wires have the same diameter, and in other embodiments some of the wires have different diameters.
As shown in
Referring again to
With the capture structure 100 engaging the clot material CM, the elongated shaft 12 may be pulled proximally. Friction between the outer layer 608 and the vessel wall V holds the cover 604 in place within the blood vessel lumen and/or resists proximal movement to a greater degree than the capture structure 100. As such, the elongated shaft 12 slides proximally through the cavity 610 and connector 605 and pulls the capture structure 100 proximally through the opening 612 at the distal region 604b of the cover 604, as shown in
Once the connector 605 abuts connector 607 and/or stop 609, proximal movement of the elongated shaft 12 pulls the cover 604 and the capture structure 100 proximally together. As shown in
The cover 604 of
As shown in
The connection assembly 900 may include a connector 901 that comprises an outer band 902 and an inner band 904. The inner band 904 is positioned around a portion of the elongated shaft 12, and the outer band 902 is located radially outwardly of the inner band 904. At least a portion of the outer band 902 may be axially aligned and/or overlap with at least a portion the length of the inner band 904. In some embodiments of the device in
Each of the inner band 904 and the outer band 902 can be generally cylindrical, or the inner band 904 and/or the outer band 902 may have different shapes. The inner band 904 can have a cross-sectional dimension that is about 0.027 inches or less, about 0.021 inches or less, and/or about 0.015 inches or less. The outer band 902 can have a cross-sectional dimension that is greater than that of the inner band 904. The outer band 902 can have a cross-sectional dimension that is about 0.027 inches or less, 0.021 inches or less, and/or 0.015 inches or less.
The inner band 904 includes a proximal terminus 950, a distal terminus 944, and a length extending between the proximal terminus 950 and the distal terminus 944. Likewise, the outer band 902 includes a proximal terminus 948, a distal terminus 946, and a length extending between the proximal terminus 948 and the distal terminus 946. In some embodiments, the proximal terminus 950 of the inner band 904 defines the proximal terminus of the connector 901 (alone or in conjunction with the outer band 902) and/or the distal terminus 944 of the inner band 904 defines the distal terminus of the connector 901 (alone or in conjunction with the outer band 902). Likewise, in some embodiments, the proximal terminus 948 of the outer band 902 defines the proximal terminus of the connector 901 (alone or in conjunction with the inner band 904) and/or the distal terminus 946 of the outer band 902 defines the distal terminus of the connector 901 (alone or in conjunction with the inner band 904).
As shown in
In some embodiments the outer and inner bands 902, 904 are generally coextensive along their entire respective lengths, but the outer and inner bands 902, 904 may be offset along the longitudinal axis of the device 10 and/or may have different lengths such that the outer and inner bands 902, 904 are generally coextensive along only a portion of one or both of their respective lengths.
In some embodiments, the inner band 904 and/or outer band 902 can include a radiopaque material such as platinum, gold, tungsten, tantalum, platinum-iridium, and/or alloys of any of the foregoing materials. As such, the inner band 904 and/or outer band 902 may improve visualization of the retrieval assembly 14. For example, visualization of the connector 901 can assist the physician in confirming the location of the retrieval assembly 14, or more specifically, the capture structure 100, which may be distal to or generally aligned with the inner band 904 and/or outer band 902.
The connector 901 may be secured to the capture structure 100 and elongated shaft 12 by a crimp and/or a binding agent. For example, the inner band 904 may be secured to the capture structure 100 and/or the elongated shaft 12 by a crimp and/or a binding agent to fixedly attach the inner band 904 to the elongated shaft 12. Moreover, the outer band 902 may be secured to the first end portion 200a of the cover 200 by a crimp and/or a binding agent to fixedly attach the outer band 902 and the first end portion 200a of the cover 200 to the inner band 904, elongated shaft 12, and/or capture structure 100. Suitable binding agents include an adhesive, solder, welding flux, brazing filler, or other materials known and/or used in the art.
In some embodiments, the outer band 902, cover 200, and inner band 904 are not fixed at a single location along the elongated shaft 12, but instead are configured to rotate and/or translate along or relative to the elongated shaft 12. In these embodiments, the clot retrieving device 10 may include one or more stops (e.g., coils, bumpers, bands, second connectors, etc.) fixed at one or more locations along the elongated shaft 12 proximal and/or distal to the connector 901, thereby restricting axial movement of connector 901 (and associated first end portion 200a of the cover 200 and proximal portion 100a of the capture structure 100) to a predetermined length of the elongated shaft 12. An example of one such embodiment is described in further detail below with respect to
The ability of the retrieval assembly 14 (e.g., the cover 200, capture structure 100, and connector 901) to rotate may be advantageous to relieve at least some of the tortious stress built up during the delivery of the clot retrieving device 10 through the vasculature. As previously described, the device 10 is often advanced from a remote part of the body and into the cerebral region of the vasculature. Along this path to a patient's treatment site, the device 10 may undergo many twists and turns that result in tortious stress being exerted on the device 10. Such tortional stress can create difficulty when the device 10 deploys from a retracted state to an expanded state. The ability to rotate with respect to the elongated shaft 12 can help relieve these stresses and improve control over deployment and positioning of the retrieval assembly 14.
The connector 901 can be assembled directly over the elongated shaft 12 or over a sacrificial wire or tool. When the connector 901 is formed over the elongated shaft 12, the outer band 902, cover 200, and inner band 904 can be positioned sequentially over the elongated shaft 12 (e.g., the outer band 902 first, then the cover 200, then the inner band 904). This can wedge the first end portion 200a of the cover 200 between the outer band 902 and the inner band 904. The first end portion 200a of the cover 200 thus presses outwardly against both the inner band 904 and outer band 902, thereby creating a surface friction between (a) the cover 200 and (b) the outer surface of the inner band 904 and inner surface of the outer band 902 that is sufficient to secure the cover 200 between the inner and outer bands 904 and 902.
When the connector 901 is formed over a sacrificial wire or tool, the outer band 902, cover 200, and inner band 904 can be positioned sequentially (e.g., the outer band 902 first, then the cover 200, then the inner band 904) over a sacrificial wire having a larger outer diameter than that of the elongated shaft 12 that the connector 980 is intended to be later inserted over. Once the outer band 902, cover 200, and inner band 904 are correctly positioned over the sacrificial wire, the outer band 902, cover 200, and inner band 904 can be, for example, crimped together and the sacrificial wire can be removed. The outer band 902, cover 200, and inner band 904 can then be slideably positioned over the elongated shaft 12. In such an embodiment, the outer band 902, cover 200, and inner band 904 may not be secured to the elongated shaft 12 and can be configured to move with respect to the elongated shaft 12, as previously described. Assembly of the connector 901 over a sacrificial wire, tool or mandrel in this manner allows for the connector 901 and cover 200 to be constructed separately from the shaft 12 and capture structure 100, and subsequent joining of the connector 901 and cover 200 to the shaft in a separate manufacturing step or location. This in turn offers flexibility and efficiency in the manufacture of the retrieval device.
Once the connector 901 is assembled over the elongated shaft 12 or sacrificial wire or tool, the cover 200 may have wires 960 (e.g., filaments) that protrude from the proximal terminus of the connector 901. The protruding wires 960 can be trimmed to be generally aligned with the plane 952 extending along the proximal terminus of the connector 901. As such, the wires 960 can be trimmed to not protrude, or to protrude less, from the proximal terminus of the connector 901.
The connection assembly 1000 shown in
As shown in
The first and/or second jackets 1020 and 1042 can include a polymer material, including fluoropolymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The first and/or second jackets 1020 and 1042 can also include polyimide, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyurethane, nylon, polyethylene, polyamide, or combinations thereof. The first and/or second jackets 1020 and 1042 may also include elastic materials such as any heat-shrinkable material including but not limited to Pebax, polyurethane, silicone, and/or polyisoprene. When a heat-shrinkable material is used, the heat-shrinkable material can be applied over the device and heated such that the heat-shrinkable material is thermally bonded and compressed to adhere to the exterior of the inner and outer bands 904 and 902 and the elongated shaft 12. The jacket(s) can take the form of a mass of adhesive, solder or other solidified liquid (rather than a pre-existing sheet, tube or other body of solid material) that is applied to the proximal terminus of the band(s) 902 and/or 904 so as to cover the wire ends.
As shown in
As shown in
The connector 1101 shown in
The second connector 1201 may comprise a single band 1204 similar to any of the bands 902, 904, and 1104 described above with reference to
In the embodiment shown in
In some embodiments, the elongated shaft 12 is slidably received through the channel 908 such that the connector 901 (and associated cover 200) is movable axially along the shaft 12 and/or free to rotate about the shaft 12. At least in these embodiments, the second connector 1201 can have an outer diameter D2 greater than an inner diameter D1 of the inner band 904. In such an embodiment, the second connector 1201 may serve as a mechanical stop and prevent the second connector 1201 from moving proximal of the first connector 901. In other embodiments, the first connector 901 is crimped or otherwise fixed to the shaft 12 such that the first connector 901 is not free to move axially and/or rotate.
Some embodiments of a connection assembly 1400 and clot retrieving device 1440 in accordance with the present technology are shown in the cross-sectional side view of
This disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present technology to the precise forms disclosed herein. Although specific embodiments are disclosed herein for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible without deviating from the present technology, as those of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize. In some cases, well-known structures and functions have not been shown and/or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments of the present technology. Although steps of methods may be presented herein in a particular order, in alternative embodiments the steps may have another suitable order. Similarly, certain aspects of the present technology disclosed in the context of particular embodiments can be combined or eliminated in other embodiments. Furthermore, while advantages associated with certain embodiments may have been disclosed in the context of those embodiments, other embodiments can also exhibit such advantages, and not all embodiments need necessarily exhibit such advantages or other advantages disclosed herein to fall within the scope of the present technology. Accordingly, this disclosure and associated technology can encompass other embodiments not expressly shown and/or described herein.
Throughout this disclosure, the singular terms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Similarly, unless the word “or” is expressly limited to mean only a single item exclusive from the other items in reference to a list of two or more items, then the use of “or” in such a list is to be interpreted as including (a) any single item in the list, (b) all of the items in the list, or (c) any combination of the items in the list. Additionally, the terms “comprising” and the like are used throughout this disclosure to mean including at least the recited feature(s) such that any greater number of the same feature(s) and/or one or more additional types of features are not precluded. Directional terms, such as “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “vertical,” and “horizontal,” may be used herein to express and clarify the relationship between various elements. It should be understood that such terms do not denote absolute orientation. Reference herein to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or similar formulations means that a particular feature, structure, operation, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present technology. Thus, the appearances of such phrases or formulations herein are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, various particular features, structures, operations, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/594,462, filed May 12, 2017, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2918919 | Wallace | Dec 1959 | A |
| 2943626 | Enrico | Jul 1960 | A |
| 3996938 | Clark, III | Dec 1976 | A |
| 4347846 | Dormia | Sep 1982 | A |
| 4611594 | Grayhack et al. | Sep 1986 | A |
| 4650466 | Luther | Mar 1987 | A |
| 4657020 | Lifton | Apr 1987 | A |
| 4699147 | Chilson et al. | Oct 1987 | A |
| 4790812 | Hawkins, Jr. et al. | Dec 1988 | A |
| 4807626 | Mcgirr | Feb 1989 | A |
| 4832055 | Palestrant | May 1989 | A |
| 4873978 | Ginsburg | Oct 1989 | A |
| 4969891 | Gewertz | Nov 1990 | A |
| 4998539 | Delsanti | Mar 1991 | A |
| 5034001 | Garrison et al. | Jul 1991 | A |
| 5057114 | Wittich et al. | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5059178 | Ya | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5102415 | Guenther et al. | Apr 1992 | A |
| 5147400 | Kaplan et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
| 5152777 | Goldberg et al. | Oct 1992 | A |
| 5192286 | Phan et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
| 5300086 | Gory et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
| 5329942 | Gunther et al. | Jul 1994 | A |
| 5443478 | Purdy | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5449372 | Schmaltz et al. | Sep 1995 | A |
| 5458375 | Anspach, Jr. et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
| 5490859 | Mische et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
| 5496330 | Bates et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
| 5509900 | Kirkman | Apr 1996 | A |
| 5653684 | Laptewicz et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
| 5658296 | Bates et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
| 5709704 | Nott et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
| 5733302 | Myler et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
| 5741325 | Chaikof et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
| 5792156 | Perouse | Aug 1998 | A |
| 5827324 | Cassell et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5846251 | Hart | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5895398 | Wensel et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
| 5941869 | Patterson et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5947995 | Samuels | Sep 1999 | A |
| 5968090 | Ratcliff et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5971938 | Hart et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5972019 | Engelson et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5984957 | Laptewicz, Jr. et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 6001118 | Daniel et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6033394 | Vidlund et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6042598 | Tsugita et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6053932 | Daniel et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6066149 | Samson et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6066158 | Engelson et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6096053 | Bates | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6099534 | Bates et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6146403 | St. Germain | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6159220 | Gobron et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6165200 | Tsugita et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6168603 | Leslie et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6174318 | Bates et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6176873 | Ouchi | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6190394 | Lind et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6217609 | Haverkost | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6221006 | Dubrul et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6245088 | Lowery | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6245089 | Daniel et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6248113 | Fina | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6264664 | Avellanet | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6302895 | Gobron et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6309399 | Barbut et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6348056 | Bates et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6350266 | White et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6364895 | Greenhalgh | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6371971 | Tsugita et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6383195 | Richard | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6383196 | Leslie et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6391044 | Yadav et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6402771 | Palmer et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6409750 | Hyodoh et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6416505 | Fleischman et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6425909 | Dieck et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6436112 | Wensel et al. | Aug 2002 | B2 |
| 6443972 | Bosma et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6458139 | Palmer et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6485497 | Wensel et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
| 6494884 | Gifford, III et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
| 6506204 | Mazzocchi | Jan 2003 | B2 |
| 6514273 | Voss et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
| 6530935 | Wensel et al. | Mar 2003 | B2 |
| 6540657 | Cross, III et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
| 6540768 | Diaz et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
| 6551342 | Shen et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
| 6575997 | Palmer et al. | Jun 2003 | B1 |
| 6585753 | Eder et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
| 6592605 | Lenker et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
| 6592607 | Palmer et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6602271 | Adams et al. | Aug 2003 | B2 |
| 6605102 | Mazzocchi et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6610077 | Hancock et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6616679 | Khosravi et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6620148 | Tsugita | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6635068 | Dubrul et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6636758 | Sanchez et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
| 6638245 | Miller et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
| 6638293 | Makower et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6641590 | Palmer et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
| 6645199 | Jenkins et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
| 6652505 | Tsugita | Nov 2003 | B1 |
| 6652548 | Evans et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
| 6660021 | Palmer et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
| 6663650 | Sepetka et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6673042 | Samson et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
| 6679893 | Tran | Jan 2004 | B1 |
| 6685738 | Chouinard et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6692508 | Wensel et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6692509 | Wensel et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6695858 | Dubrul et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
| 6702782 | Miller et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
| 6730104 | Sepetka et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
| 6745080 | Koblish | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6746468 | Sepetka et al. | Jun 2004 | B1 |
| 6749619 | Ouriel et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6755813 | Ouriel et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6800080 | Bates | Oct 2004 | B1 |
| 6824545 | Sepetka et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6855155 | Denardo et al. | Feb 2005 | B2 |
| 6872211 | White et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6872216 | Daniel et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6890341 | Dieck et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
| 6893431 | Naimark et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
| 6905503 | Gifford, III et al. | Jun 2005 | B2 |
| 6913612 | Palmer et al. | Jul 2005 | B2 |
| 6936059 | Belef | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6939362 | Boyle et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6945977 | Demarais et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6953465 | Dieck et al. | Oct 2005 | B2 |
| 6964672 | Brady et al. | Nov 2005 | B2 |
| 7004955 | Shen et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
| 7004956 | Palmer et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
| 7037320 | Brady et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7041126 | Shin et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7048014 | Hyodoh et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7058456 | Pierce | Jun 2006 | B2 |
| 7097653 | Freudenthal et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
| 7101380 | Khachin et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7169165 | Belef et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
| 7179273 | Palmer et al. | Feb 2007 | B1 |
| 7182771 | Houser et al. | Feb 2007 | B1 |
| 7235061 | Tsugita | Jun 2007 | B2 |
| 7240516 | Pryor | Jul 2007 | B2 |
| 7399308 | Borillo et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7534252 | Sepetka et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
| 7578830 | Kusleika et al. | Aug 2009 | B2 |
| 7621870 | Berrada et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
| 7837702 | Bates | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 8070791 | Ferrera et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
| 8088140 | Ferrera et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
| 8105333 | Sepetka et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
| 8197493 | Ferrera et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
| 8603014 | Alleman et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 8837800 | Bammer et al. | Sep 2014 | B1 |
| 9119656 | Bose et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
| 9126018 | Garrison | Sep 2015 | B1 |
| 9211132 | Bowman | Dec 2015 | B2 |
| 9241699 | Kume et al. | Jan 2016 | B1 |
| 9265512 | Garrison et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
| 9308007 | Cully et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
| 9399118 | Kume et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9445828 | Turjman et al. | Sep 2016 | B2 |
| 9445829 | Brady et al. | Sep 2016 | B2 |
| 9492637 | Garrison et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
| 9539022 | Bowman | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9561345 | Garrison et al. | Feb 2017 | B2 |
| 9579119 | Cully et al. | Feb 2017 | B2 |
| 9585741 | Ma | Mar 2017 | B2 |
| 9642635 | Vale et al. | May 2017 | B2 |
| 9655633 | Leynov et al. | May 2017 | B2 |
| 9737318 | Monstadt et al. | Aug 2017 | B2 |
| 9770251 | Bowman et al. | Sep 2017 | B2 |
| 9801643 | Hansen et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9861783 | Garrison et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9993257 | Losordo et al. | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| 10028782 | Orion | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10029008 | Creighton | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10039906 | Kume et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
| 10709464 | Deen | Jul 2020 | B2 |
| 20010041909 | Tsugita et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010044632 | Daniel et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010044634 | Don et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010051810 | Dubrul et al. | Dec 2001 | A1 |
| 20020002396 | Fulkerson | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020004667 | Adams et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020026211 | Khosravi et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
| 20020058904 | Boock et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020062135 | Mazzocchi et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020072764 | Sepetka et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020082558 | Samson et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020123765 | Sepetka et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020138094 | Borillo et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020151928 | Leslie et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020169474 | Kusleika et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020188314 | Anderson et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020193825 | Mcguckin et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20030004542 | Wensel et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030023265 | Forber | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030040771 | Hyodoh et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030050663 | Khachin et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030060782 | Bose et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030093087 | Jones et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20030144687 | Brady et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030153935 | Mialhe | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030171771 | Anderson et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030176884 | Berrada et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030195556 | Stack et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20040068288 | Palmer et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040073243 | Sepetka et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040079429 | Miller et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040133232 | Rosenbluth et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040138692 | Phung et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040153025 | Seifert et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040153118 | Clubb et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040172056 | Guterman et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040199201 | Kellett et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040199243 | Yodfat | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210116 | Nakao | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040267301 | Boylan et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20050004594 | Nool et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050033348 | Sepetka et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050038447 | Huffmaster | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043680 | Segal et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043756 | Lavelle et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050049619 | Sepetka et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050055033 | Leslie et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050055047 | Greenhalgh | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050059995 | Sepetka et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050080356 | Dapolito et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085826 | Nair et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085847 | Galdonik et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085849 | Sepetka et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050090857 | Kusleika et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050090858 | Pavlovic | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050125024 | Sepetka et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050131450 | Nicholson et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050171566 | Kanamaru | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203571 | Mazzocchi et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050209609 | Wallace | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050216030 | Sepetka et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050216050 | Sepetka et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050234501 | Barone | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050234505 | Diaz et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050277978 | Greenhalgh | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050283166 | Greenhalgh | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050283186 | Berrada et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20060004404 | Khachin et al. | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060009784 | Behl et al. | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060030925 | Pryor | Feb 2006 | A1 |
| 20060047286 | West | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060058836 | Bose et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060058837 | Bose et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060058838 | Bose et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060095070 | Gilson et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
| 20060129166 | Lavelle | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060129180 | Tsugita et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060155305 | Freudenthal et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060190070 | Dieck et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060195137 | Sepetka et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060229638 | Abrams et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060253145 | Lucas | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060271153 | Garcia et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060276805 | Yu | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060282111 | Morsi | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060287668 | Fawzi et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20070112374 | Paul et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070118165 | Demello et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070149996 | Coughlin | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070185500 | Martin et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070185501 | Martin et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070197103 | Martin et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070198029 | Martin et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070198030 | Martin et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070198051 | Clubb et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070225749 | Martin et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
| 20070233236 | Pryor | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070265656 | Amplatz et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20080109031 | Sepetka et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080183198 | Sepetka et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080188885 | Sepetka et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080262528 | Martin | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080262532 | Martin | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20090069828 | Martin et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090105722 | Fulkerson et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090105737 | Fulkerson et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090125053 | Ferrera et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
| 20090192518 | Leanna et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090287291 | Becking et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090299393 | Martin et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
| 20100076452 | Sepetka et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100100106 | Ferrera | Apr 2010 | A1 |
| 20100174309 | Fulkerson et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100185210 | Hauser et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100217187 | Ferrera et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
| 20100256600 | Ferrera | Oct 2010 | A1 |
| 20100318097 | Cragg et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
| 20110152823 | Mohiuddin et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110160742 | Ferrera et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110160757 | Ferrera et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110160760 | Ferrera et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110160761 | Ferrera et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110160763 | Ferrera et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110166586 | Sepetka et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
| 20110288572 | Martin | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110319917 | Ferrera et al. | Dec 2011 | A1 |
| 20120143230 | Sepetka et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20120197285 | Martin et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20130030461 | Marks et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130281788 | Garrison | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130317589 | Martin et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20140194911 | Johnson et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
| 20140276074 | Warner | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140276403 | Follmer et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140277013 | Sepetka et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140343595 | Monstadt et al. | Nov 2014 | A1 |
| 20150112376 | Molaei et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150250497 | Marks et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
| 20150359547 | Vale et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20160015402 | Brady et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
| 20160015935 | Chan et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
| 20160106448 | Brady et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160106449 | Brady et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160113663 | Brady et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160113665 | Brady et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160151618 | Powers et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160157985 | Vo et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160199620 | Pokomey et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160296690 | Kume et al. | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160302808 | Loganathan et al. | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160354098 | Martin et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20160375180 | Anzai | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20170020542 | Martin et al. | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170079766 | Wang et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170079767 | Leon-yip | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170086862 | Vale et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170100143 | Grandfield | Apr 2017 | A1 |
| 20170105743 | Vale et al. | Apr 2017 | A1 |
| 20170164963 | Goyal | Jun 2017 | A1 |
| 20170215902 | Leynov et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170224953 | Tran et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170281909 | Northrop et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170290599 | Youn et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20180049762 | Seip et al. | Feb 2018 | A1 |
| 20180084982 | Yamashita et al. | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180116717 | Taff et al. | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180132876 | Zaidat | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180140314 | Goyal et al. | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180140315 | Bowman et al. | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180140354 | Lam et al. | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180185614 | Garrison et al. | Jul 2018 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1640505 | Jul 2005 | CN |
| 3501707 | Jul 1986 | DE |
| 0200668 | Nov 1986 | EP |
| 1312314 | May 2003 | EP |
| 2319575 | Nov 2013 | EP |
| 2002537943 | Nov 2002 | JP |
| 2007522881 | Aug 2007 | JP |
| 2007252951 | Oct 2007 | JP |
| 2008539958 | Nov 2008 | JP |
| 2011508635 | Mar 2011 | JP |
| 2014004219 | Jan 2014 | JP |
| 2018118132 | Aug 2018 | JP |
| 20180102877 | Sep 2018 | KR |
| WO 9409845 | May 1994 | WO |
| WO 9509586 | Apr 1995 | WO |
| WO 9601591 | Jan 1996 | WO |
| WO 9617634 | Jun 1996 | WO |
| WO 9619941 | Jul 1996 | WO |
| WO 9727808 | Aug 1997 | WO |
| WO 9727893 | Aug 1997 | WO |
| WO 9803120 | Jan 1998 | WO |
| WO 0053120 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO 0072909 | Dec 2000 | WO |
| WO 0132254 | May 2001 | WO |
| WO 0154622 | Aug 2001 | WO |
| WO 0167967 | Sep 2001 | WO |
| WO 0202162 | Jan 2002 | WO |
| WO 0228291 | Apr 2002 | WO |
| WO 03000334 | Jan 2003 | WO |
| WO 03061730 | Jul 2003 | WO |
| WO 03089039 | Oct 2003 | WO |
| WO 2006031410 | Mar 2006 | WO |
| WO 2006122076 | Nov 2006 | WO |
| WO 2007092820 | Aug 2007 | WO |
| WO 2008036156 | Mar 2008 | WO |
| WO 2008131116 | Oct 2008 | WO |
| WO 2009034456 | Mar 2009 | WO |
| WO 2009086482 | Jul 2009 | WO |
| WO 2011091383 | Jul 2011 | WO |
| WO 2012009675 | Jan 2012 | WO |
| WO 2012162437 | Nov 2012 | WO |
| WO 2013106146 | Jul 2013 | WO |
| WO 2015141317 | Sep 2015 | WO |
| WO 2017192999 | Nov 2017 | WO |
| WO 2018019829 | Feb 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018033401 | Feb 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018046408 | Mar 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018137029 | Aug 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018137030 | Aug 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018145212 | Aug 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018156813 | Aug 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018172891 | Sep 2018 | WO |
| WO 2018187776 | Oct 2018 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200360033 A1 | Nov 2020 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15594462 | May 2017 | US |
| Child | 16946042 | US |
