Patent Grant
6983476
This invention is a rewritable near-field optical disk using a zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film as the localized near-field optical interaction layer. Ultrahigh density near-field recording can be achieved by this read-only optical disk.
The conventional optical disks are practical and popular in optical recording media with a fine storage quality and high stability, which have been widely utilized for data storage and multimedia entertainment. Accompanying with the advanced technological development, a mass amount of disks are produced into lots of categories and features, mainly divided into three types, read only, write once, and rewritable. The read-only type disks are CD-DA, CD-ROM, CD-I, VCD, DVD, DVD-ROM, DVD-Video, etc. The write-once type disks are CD-R, DVD-R and so on. The rewritable disks are MD, MO, PD, CD-RW, DVD-RW, CD-RAM, etc.
The recorded contents are coded to digital signals and transfer to the optical signals which are then subsequently focused and delivered by the pick-up head optical lens onto the rewritable recording thin film layer to generate the written bits for the written process of the rewritable optical disk. Because the written bits on the recording thin film layer are erasable and rewritable, the rewritable optical disk can be recorded many times. Generally, the differences between the erasing and writing process are the incident laser power and the duration of the laser pulse. The readout of the rewritable optical disk is the collection of the optical signals from the written bits on the rewritable recording thin film layer by the focusing pick-up head optical lens, and then subsequently transfers the optical signals to the digital contents.
Currently, the distance between the optical disk and the pick-up head lens is much larger than the wavelength used by the optical disks and disk drivers commercially available. That means the optical recording technology is using far-field optics alone. It is unavoidable that an optical interference or diffraction phenomena will occur due to the wave characteristics of optics, and the spatial resolution of recording and reading is limited by the optical diffraction limit (i.e. 1.22λ/(2n sin θ), wherein λ is the wavelength of light used, n is the refractive index of the medium, and θ is the half angle of the aperture), In the past, the following methods were used to increase the recording capacity of the conventional optical disks:
Aforementioned methods are only the optimizations under the diffraction limit of far-field optics. A most basic way to improve the recording density and break through the diffraction limit is the use of the near-field optical technology. Eric Betzig of the Bell Laboratory, USA, first demonstrated the near-field optical recording using an optical fiber probe in 1992. His results overcome the optical diffraction limit. The recorded density was effectively improved. An Optical fiber prove with an aperture of several tens of nanometers at the fiber end is used for the near-field optical recording and readout on a multi-layered platinum (Pt) and cobalt (Co) magneto-optical medium layer in his work. By controlling the fiber probe in a very close distance which is much smaller than the wavelength used for the experiments, an ultrahigh density recording of 45 Giga-bits per square inch was achieved. However, there are several difficulties and disadvantages of using the near-field fiber probe such as the precise control of the distance between the fiber probe and surface of the recording medium (about a few nanometers), the fragility of the fiber probe, low scanning speed, low optical throughput and high optical attenuation (around 10−6 to 10−3), and complexity of the fabrication of the nanometer-scale aperture at the end of the fiber probe.
On the other hand, an issued U.S. Pat. No. 5,125,750, disclosed a solid immersion lens (SIL) prototype that was possible and practical to implement the near-field disk drivers by G. S. Kino and his research team on the Stanford University, USA. The method of said patent has a reading/writing head which made of the semi-spherical and the super semi-spherical transparent solids—which have a high refection index, n,—for effective shrinking the reading/writing marks. Thus, said method of optical head could be speeding a reading/writing rate, then by adopting the present disk technology to directly develop into the high density optical recording of near-field disk drivers. In 1995, a company named TeraStor in San Jose, Calif., USA adopted this patented technological SIL as a “flying” reading/writing pick-up head to the near-field optical recording disk drivers, and tried to produce a first optical disk drive in high density optical recording. This high-speed “flying” reading/writing pick-up head had to be effectively controlled under a near-field range. The technical problems of the reliability of the flying pick-up head in the optical near field finally hindered the further developments of the high density near-field optical disk driver.
The issued U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,226,258; 6,242,157; 6,319,582 and 6,340,813, in which Dr. Junji Tominaga disclosed a design, by adding two nano-film layers (SiN in 20 nm and Sb in 15 nm) onto the normally used phase-change optical disk to replace the near-field effect of an optical fiber probe of the near-field scanning microscope, and to carry out the read/write actions beyond the optical diffraction limit.
Aforesaid design shows a usage of alternating of thin-film structure on the disks to reach a near-field ultrahigh density of optical recording. Then accompanying with an improved structure of the film layer of said disks, said structure improved the two main structures of said film layer from a first category (Sb and SiNx1,) to a second category (AgOx and ZnS—SiO2). However, said film layer of said two categories, which generated a localized near-field optical effect of Sb and AgOx nano-film layer, of their substances/materials are unstable, and can easily lose the properties of localization due to high temperature and the absorption of water vapor.
The present invention is a rewritable near-field optical disk with a zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film and a spacer layer such as ZnS—SiO2 on the rewritable recording layer. The ultrahigh density rewritable near-field recording disk can be effectively achieved by this invention.
In summary, aforementioned conventional far-field optical method appears that the short-wavelength of light-source is costly, and the reading/writing spots of a conventional disk driver have an optical diffraction limit, so only the near-field optics with no diffraction limits can effectively improve the recording spot size below the diffraction limits. Additionally, the near-field optical technique of aforesaid near-field scanning probe and SIL near-field optical disk drive have lots of difficulties, which makes said near-field optical disk become an appropriate choice for near-field optical recording. It is known that Sb and AgOx are unstable substances/materials for manufacturing disks, so this invention uses more stable and better localized near-field optical effect of zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film(s) to produce the rewritable zinc-oxide (ZnO) near-field optical disks. This invention is to use the stability and the localization effect of the zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film along with a near-field spacer layer of ZnS—SiO2 to achieve an ultrahigh density rewritable near-field optical disk. The localized near-field optical effects can be happened between the zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film and rewritable recording layer on a transparent substrate in near-field range. There is no diffraction limit for the rewritable optical storage using this method.
This invention is related to a zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film used in rewritable near-field optical disks. Because the near-field optical interactions have no diffraction limits, this rewritable near-field optical disk is capable of obtaining ultrahigh recording density and capacity.
The zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film is fabricated along with a near-field spacer layer of ZnS—SiO2 on a rewritable recording layer. The localized near-field optical interactions between zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film and the rewritable recording layer enable the rewritable recorded marks smaller than the optical diffraction limit to be written, read, and erased in ultrahigh spatial resolution.
Another object of this invention is to provide various rang of optimal thickness for said nano-structured thin film layers for a better localized optical effect or interaction under a stable operating circumstance.
Another object of this invention is to provide a structure of multilayered thin film with metallic or glass, or the materials for supporting a process of localized near-field optical effect in the process of erasing, write-in or readout of the rewritable near-field optical disk.
For a better understanding of the present invention as well as other objects and features, reference is made to disclose this invention taken in conjunction with drawings as follows.
The following descriptions of the preferred embodiments are provided to understand the features and the structures of the present invention.
Therefore, accompanying with a rotating disk and a high-speed write-in and readout scanning pick-up optical head of a disk driver, the writing and reading action of ultrahigh density rewritable optical recording medium can be carried out. The first transparent dielectric thin film layer 2 and the second transparent dielectric thin-film layer 4 can protect and stabilize the zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film layer 3 that is capable of causing localized near-field optical effect, and said second transparent dielectric thin-film layer 4 maintains a fixed near-field distance between said rewritable recording layer 5 and said zinc-oxide (ZnO) nano-structured thin film layer 3 that is capable of causing localized near-field optical effect. The third transparent dielectric thin film layer 6 can protect and stabilize the structure of the rewritable recording layer 5 to extend its lifetime.
As shown in
One of the experimental readout results of the rewritable zinc-oxide (ZnO) near-field optical disk 12 is displayed in
While this invention has been described in conjunction with particular embodiments, it is evident that alternatives, modifications and variations will now be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations and fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Moreover, the description and illustration of the invention is by way of example, and the scope of the invention is not limited to the exact details shown or described as well as the order of structure, the values, angles, directions of focusing beams.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 91207654 U | May 2002 | TW | national |
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|---|---|---|---|
| 5125750 | Corle et al. | Jun 1992 | A |
| 5718961 | Hong | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5761179 | Iwasaki et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5848043 | Takada et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
| 6226258 | Tominaga et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6242157 | Tominaga et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6319582 | Tominaga et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
| 6340813 | Tominaga et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 20010003641 | Kunitomo et al. | Jun 2001 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20030218969 A1 | Nov 2003 | US |
