The present invention is generally related to the field of vehicle leveling systems and controllable valves.
Large vehicles such as trucks, tractors, trailers, tractor-trailers, cranes and other vocational vehicles, buses, and recreational vehicles utilize various systems to maintain a given distance between the vehicle chassis and the vehicle axle. Such systems are often designated as suspension systems. One such system is an air suspension system in which pressured air is used with inflatable air springs, also called air bags, as the elements which by more or less air in them adjust the distance between the vehicle chassis and the vehicle axle. That adjustment is controlled by a device called an air suspension valve. In some versions of these systems, as the load in the vehicle chassis increases causing it to lower, air is supplied into the air springs to compensate or maintain the same chassis height. Similarly, if the chassis is offloaded causing it to increase in height, then air is withdrawn from the air springs to maintain or lower the chassis to its set height.
The contents of the following U.S. Patents are incorporated herein by this reference: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,651,555; 8,191,904; 7,117,890; 7,028,705; 6,945,275; 6,202,992; 5,934,320; and 8,770,274. The present invention refers to systems and devices that can be operative by a pressurized fluid in that sense meaning selected liquids and gases including air. In the following description the embodiments will be described in the context of a pressurized air system. Nevertheless it is intended that the material used and referred to as air can also be some other gas or a liquid, in other words, fluids.
In the present application, a system and method for a configurable leveling air suspension is disclosed. In various embodiments, the air suspension system operates to control a pneumatic leveling system for vehicles providing the capability for an operator to select a change of ride height, block air flow in and out of the air springs or air bags, and to quickly exhaust the pneumatic air bags which control the ride height. In various embodiments, the modular design of the valve components allows for an easily configurable valve which may be customized to a particular application with a minimum effort and manufacturing cost.
In various embodiments, the valve utilizes a plurality of rotary disks incorporating apertures, wherein the disks form a valve between ports which connect various inlet and outlet chambers such that the pneumatically selected operative disk apertures and ports provide air flow in or out of leveling air bags to maintain a selected ride height, a change of ride height or to block pneumatic leveling.
In various embodiments, the rotational offset or angular offset between the apertures in the rotational disks or rotor valves may be configured and calibrated to control specified ride heights which are proportional to the angular offset between the disk apertures. In various embodiments, the offset angle between rotational disks apertures may be implemented by various methods for keying or angularly fixing the rotational valves to the shaft which is mechanically linked to rotate according to the vehicle chassis to axle distance.
In various embodiments of the system, the valve may be manufactured to have available selection of one of multiple configurations including in addition to the default leveled ride height, a second under-inflation (lowered ride height) mode, over inflation (raised ride height) mode, an air bag flow blocking mode and air bag dump mode. The various configurations and modes of operation are accomplished by purely mechanical means for the pneumatic functions and controlled pneumatically, without the need for complex electrical and software components.
In various embodiments, the valve may be manufactured for a particular user's needs in which different configurations are available which include a configuration A, a configuration B and a configuration C, wherein each configuration is operable in three operator controllable modes, as described below.
In various configurations, the selected configuration is implemented by a lever or handle which rotates according to chassis to axle distance, and a modular shaft connecting dual rotor valves in a single assembly. Components of the modular shaft can be keyed or indexed in order to provide a selected angular offset by which two height settings can be selectively implemented.
Some definitions are helpful:
Default ride height: this term is also called “normal” and defines a ride height that places the vehicle in a designated ride height that would be considered for general operation of the vehicle absent any special considerations.
Elevated Ride height: this term defines a ride height in which the supported structure is lifted to a designated height above the default ride height.
Lowered ride height: this term defines a ride height in which the supported structure is lowered to a designated height below the default ride height.
Blocking mode: this term defines a condition in which air is blocked from flowing in or out of the air bags.
Rotor valve: this term defines the two disk shaped valves, including the upper rotor valve and the lower rotor valve which function to pass pressurized air to and from the air bags to maintain the set ride height under changing load and road conditions. Typically, rotor valves have a “dead band” in a default position for normal riding in which up and down movement of the vehicle axle(s) relative to the chassis does not cause any reaction of the pressurization system; this prevents relatively small movement of the valve from causing the compressed air system from operating excessively.
Air flow: this term designates a condition of pressurized air flowing in a particular path to maintain a ride height by inflating or deflating the air bags, to change the set ride height, or to dump air quickly from the air bags.
Configurable valve: this term shown as 3 (see
Dynamic: this term refers to action of the system as in any configuration in which the lever is rotated by the chassis during operation of the vehicle causing functioning of the valve. Examples are when a chassis is being loaded or unloaded, or when it is being driven over rough road. It is noted that in all configurations the rotor valves provide a deadband of rotation in response to movement of the lever which will not allow any air flow. It is only when a rotation occurs beyond the deadband that dynamic operation occurs.
A configurable control leveling valve and valve system herein described in various embodiments is utilized as a dynamic suspension system for a commercial vehicle (such as a truck, tractor, trailer or buses), that controls air flow into and out of air springs (also called an air bags) to maintain air spring height at a designated or preset level. A supported structure (called vehicle chassis or vehicle frame) is maintained at an optimum height against positional variations relative to a supporting structure (called axle). The system is further developed to provide a selectable secondary height which can be an elevated height or lowered height compared to a first height that can be set and maintained by activation of a pilot signal (actuated either by pneumatic or electrical signal) and will level the supported structure at a secondary height against positional variations relative to the supporting structure. In various embodiments the configurable control leveling valve and valve system can be used to choose any of the two heights depending upon the application. The valve system can also be modified to block the flow of air into and out of the air spring to maintain the fluid pressure inside the air spring by an activation of a pilot signal thereby to bypass the leveling function of the valve system.
As will be understood by the following, the valve can be manufactured to operate under any of three distinct configurations which are designated as Configuration A, Configuration B. and Configuration C. The configurations are given the following functional descriptions or headings based on the common first mode which is the default mode in each configuration
Configuration A: second mode is raised or over inflation;
Configuration B: second mode is lowered or under inflation;
Configuration C: second mode is a blocking mode.
The solution provided by this mechanically controlled valve which can operate completely by pneumatic means is simpler and more cost effective than alternative systems. The technical solution employs a valve assembly that can be easily configured to the selected one of the three configurations by very simple substitution of a part or parts. Therefore a customer's request with selected variable values is provided along with the selected configuration, and the configurable leveling valve can be easily constructed from basic common parts with a few specially made parts to operate according to the customer's request
An overview of an exemplary embodiment is shown in
An isometric view of an exemplary embodiment is shown in
An exploded view of the embodiment of an exemplary configurable valve is shown in
The selector pilot port assembly 47 and the dump pilot assembly 45 comprise various components which seal against the side of the port walls and slide to open or close air pathways including the ride height shuttle valve 41 and the valve seat 43 which are utilized for ride height selection and blocking mode selection. The dump shuttle valve 48 slides within the dump pilot assembly 45.
The configurable valve may be manufactured according to customer specifications in at least three configurations utilizing a minimum of valve component modifications or the simple substitution of pre-configured valve components, in order to operate in one of three modes for each specified configuration. As will be appreciated then, the common portion of the valve 3 only requires an adjustment of the relative mounting of the lower rotor valve. The operational modes for each configuration are shown in
In
For tractors—raise the suspension chassis of a tractor to increase under vehicle clearance;
For trailers—raise the suspension for docking or undocking a trailer;
For buses and coaches—raise the suspension for additional under vehicle clearance.
In
a) Tractor—improved aerodynamics;
b) Trailer—lowering the suspension height for clearing overhead obstacles and for adjusting the trailer bed to a dock height;
c) Buses and coaches—lowering the suspension to assist loading and unloading of passengers and for improved aerodynamics.
In
a) Vocational vehicles (e.g. cranes) often have high centers of gravity. For stability, outriggers may be deployed raising the vehicle's wheels 14 from the ground. In this condition the chassis height results in the valve handle 7 rotating into the exhaust mode. The quick lowering of the vehicle onto its wheels and deflated air bags is known to cause damage to the air bags. The valve configuration C which includes blocking mode C2 inhibits the deflation of the air bags 13.
b) Blocking dynamic leveling reduces air consumption and operation of the associated air compressor system which in turn improves vehicle fuel efficiency.
Detailed air flow which occurs during dynamic leveling for the default ride height is shown in
Similarly to
As shown in
Similarly to
The chart in
Mode A1: first ride height (referred to as the default or normal ride height): In this mode, the valve performs its primary function of maintaining the ride height H1 (a distance between the vehicle axle and chassis (also called the vehicle frame)) of the vehicle by letting the air in and out of the valve based on load and road conditions and actively maintains a calibrated vehicle original equipment manufacturer (OEM) set ride height, when vehicle is in motion as well as when vehicle is stationary.
Mode A2: second ride height (also referred to as over inflation or elevated mode)—upon activation of this mode by the operator, the valve directs air flow to the air bags which lift the chassis of the vehicle to height H2 with respect to the axle. This height is the fixed height provided by original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and factory set by valve manufacturer. In this mode, the operator sends an air pilot signal to second ride height selector port of the valve by pressing a switch on the vehicle dash board. The valve responds to the signal and switches from first to secondary ride height by disengaging the airflow from first ride height chamber and engaging the air flow from second ride height chamber. In second ride height chamber, the lower shaft key has an offset angle relative to the upper shaft key which is directly proportional to the difference between first and second ride height. This can also be achieved by keeping the same shaft and changing the offset angle on the lower rotor valve slot.
Mode A3: dump mode—upon activation of this mode by the operator, the valve dumps all the air from the vehicle air bags and brings the chassis down at height H3 with respect to the axle. This mode is only available and may only be actuated when vehicle is stationary. In this mode, the operator sends an air pilot signal to the dump pilot port of the valve. The valve responds to the signal and disengages the airflow from both first and second ride height chambers. So, now the flow of air is from vehicle air bags to the dump port of the valve through valve's bag ports. The valve is capable of achieving this from both the first and second ride height modes.
Mode B1: first ride height (default or normal): This mode is identical to mode A1. In this mode, the valve performs its primary function of maintaining the ride height H1 (distance between vehicle axle and chassis (frame)) of the vehicle by dynamically letting the air in and out of the valve based on load or road conditions and actively maintains vehicle OEM set ride height when vehicle is in motion as well as when vehicle is stationary.
Mode B2: second ride height (under inflation or lowered)—upon activation of this mode by the operator, the valve lowers the chassis of the vehicle to height H4 with respect to the axle. This height is the fixed height provided by the OEM and factory set by valve manufacturer. In this mode, the operator sends an air pilot signal to second ride height selector port of the valve. The valve responds to the signal and switches from first to secondary ride height by disengaging the airflow from first ride height chamber and engaging the air flow to second ride height chamber. In second ride height chamber, the phasing shaft has an offset angle (opposite to mode A2) relative to the first shaft which is directly proportional to the angular offset between first and second ride height. This can also be achieved by keeping the same shaft and changing the offset angle on the rotor valve. This mode is similar to mode A2 with an exception that in mode A2 the valve lifts the chassis whereas in mode B2 the valve lowers the chassis relative to the axle.
Mode B3: dump mode this mode is identical to mode A3. Upon activation of this mode by driver, the valve quickly dumps all the air from the vehicle air bags and brings the chassis down to height H3 with respect to the axle. This mode is only available and may only be actuated when vehicle is stationary. In this mode, the operator sends an air pilot signal to the dump pilot port of the valve. The valve responds to the signal and disengages the airflow from both first and second ride height chambers. The flow of air is from vehicle air bags to the dump port of the valve. The valve is capable of achieving this from both first and second ride height mode.
Mode C1: first ride height (default): This mode is identical to modes A1 and B1. In this mode, the valve performs its primary function of maintaining the ride height H1 (distance between vehicle axle and chassis (frame)) of the vehicle by letting the air in and out of the air bags through the valve based on load and road conditions and actively maintains OEM set ride height when vehicle is in motion as well as when vehicle is stationary.
Mode C2: blocking mode: upon activation of this mode by the operator, the valve maintains air pressure in the air bags by blocking the air going in and out of the air bag. In this mode, the driver sends an air pilot signal to the second ride height selector port of the valve. The valve responds to the signal, disengages the airflow from first ride height chamber and connects to second chamber which is by default blocked by factory settings. Hence there is no airflow going in and out of the valve. The blocking mode can achieved in at least five different ways: a) no aperture in the lower rotor valve; b) no hole in pressure seals which abut the rotor valves; c) no air passage through the valve body to pass the second ride air flow; d) blocking the flow in the second ride height port with a steel ball, or e) no air passage through the shuttle valve seat 43.
Mode C3: dump mode: This mode is identical to modes A3 and B3. Upon activation of this mode by the operator, the valve dumps all the air from the vehicle air bags directly to the dump port, and brings the chassis down to height H3 with respect to the axle. This mode is only available and may only be actuated when vehicle is stationary. In this mode, the operator sends an air pilot signal to the dump pilot port of the valve. The valve responds to the signal and disengages the airflow from both first and second ride height chambers. The flow of air is from vehicle air bags to the dump port of the valve. The valve is capable of achieving this from both first and second ride height mode.
In
In various embodiments secondary ride heights can be achieved by creating an angular offset between the upper and lower rotor valve aperture angular positions. All of the embodiments accomplishing this function utilize various means for keying, or precisely angularly fixing the angular position of the two sets of phase shifted rotor valve apertures relative to the shaft and valve lever, which is also keyed to the shaft assembly. Among other embodiment implementations, this may be accomplished by modifying the angular connection between rotor slot and shaft key.
In
In the embodiment shown in
In contrast, the bottom portion of
In the center portion of
In
In
In
In
In
In
In various embodiments, the pilot switching functions for the second ride height, blocking and dump modes may be performed by hydraulic systems. In various embodiments, the pilot switching functions may be performed by electrical activation of solenoids controlling the shuttle valve or quick exhaust valve.
As can be understood from the foregoing detailed description there is disclosed a configurable valve in which various options for settings and operation can be implemented with nearly all of the valve construction being in common among those various options. In fact at one level of operation only the angular offset of the secondary rotor valve to the prime rotor valve requires a specially made part. At that level of implementation the only change in structure is to provide an offset angle between the prime rotor valve and the secondary rotor valve. The amount of offset is selected to provide a result that a customer will specify for the second ride height. That result is to allow a default setting (first ride height) as in configuration modes A1, B1 and C1 and which is solely the function of the upper rotor valve in creating an air path from the pressurized air source to the air bags. The first level then allows a second setting called second ride height. That second setting is the result of the amount and direction of angular offset which can be either under inflation or over inflation depending on whether the angular offset is in the positive or negative direction. To implement that second ride height called A2 and B2 (configuration C does not provide a second ride height) a pilot signal is given by the operator causing repositioning of the primary shuttle from its default position to its secondary position. That repositioning closes the air pathway from the prime rotor valve (the upper rotor valve) for the default setting (which keeps it available) and opens the air pathway from the secondary rotor valve past the primary shuttle. All of this is implemented in the common structure by just installing the secondary rotor valve at a selected offset to the upper rotor valve. As seen above this can be very simply done by making the lower shaft portion with its key 85 made at the necessary angle to mount the secondary rotor valve at the desired offset to the upper rotor valve.
A second level of operation is made available by a second simple adjustment within the common structure and requiring no additional changes other than what has been done for the first level. That second level is to make available the dump modes A3, B3, C3. This is done by the dump assembly 45 being operated by the pilot signal to move the dump shuttle into its biased position (to the left in the figures. This has two results. One is to block the common transfer passage which therefore disengages any operation from the duplex rotor seal assembly whether it is default height selection or the secondary height selection. The other result is opening the passage way 79 directly from the air bags 13 to the dump port 25 thereby actuating the dump function.
There is also a level of operation that is specified for some vocational vehicles in which the chassis is lifted but no adjustment of the air bags happens, this is mode C2. This is done by the operator sending the pilot signal to the shuttle 41 which would normally allow a second ride height, but with the passage from the secondary rotor valve to the common passage 74 now blocked by absence of the orifice 50. As discussed above there are several other means for blocking that air passage for the same effect. The air bags do not inflate or deflate in blocking mode.
It will be understood that the particular embodiments described in detail herein are illustrative of the invention and that many other embodiments are applicable. The principal features highlighted herein may be employed in many embodiments within the scope of the claim.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
14999 | Burdon | Jun 1856 | A |
253166 | Hooker | Jan 1882 | A |
299004 | Pearson | Apr 1884 | A |
749990 | Holinger | Jan 1904 | A |
1036558 | Butz | Jan 1912 | A |
1136589 | Davis | Apr 1915 | A |
1519670 | Danstrup | Dec 1924 | A |
2042186 | Peterson | May 1936 | A |
2061716 | Pratt et al. | Nov 1936 | A |
2146983 | Pick | Feb 1939 | A |
2189094 | Weaver | Feb 1940 | A |
2564444 | Parsons | Aug 1951 | A |
2564445 | Parsons | Aug 1951 | A |
2790650 | Boschi | Apr 1957 | A |
2843396 | Lucien | Jul 1958 | A |
2888272 | Fletcher | May 1959 | A |
2896965 | Moustakis | Jul 1959 | A |
2905430 | Deist | Sep 1959 | A |
2910305 | Marette et al. | Oct 1959 | A |
2916284 | Bertsch | Dec 1959 | A |
2919931 | Cislo | Jan 1960 | A |
2930628 | Bertsch | Mar 1960 | A |
2947322 | Christensen | Aug 1960 | A |
2947532 | Christensen | Aug 1960 | A |
2948549 | Schultz | Aug 1960 | A |
2954987 | Whelan | Oct 1960 | A |
2959426 | Augustin | Nov 1960 | A |
2962297 | Cislo | Nov 1960 | A |
2970614 | Christensen | Feb 1961 | A |
2998243 | Schultz | Aug 1961 | A |
3006657 | Augustin | Oct 1961 | A |
3014499 | Barksdale | Dec 1961 | A |
3099461 | Stelzer | Jul 1963 | A |
3104114 | Vogel | Sep 1963 | A |
3207871 | Dally | Sep 1965 | A |
3214185 | Mason et al. | Oct 1965 | A |
3276476 | Jackson | Oct 1966 | A |
3319531 | Sanders | May 1967 | A |
3444890 | Ralston | May 1969 | A |
3477739 | White | Nov 1969 | A |
3561479 | Archer | Feb 1971 | A |
3651555 | Kataoka | Mar 1972 | A |
3720425 | Asano et al. | Mar 1973 | A |
3796232 | Dalton | Mar 1974 | A |
3831968 | Shaffer | Aug 1974 | A |
3933368 | Kellet | Jan 1976 | A |
4033608 | Sweet | Jul 1977 | A |
4049019 | McCiocklin | Sep 1977 | A |
4065982 | Wenger | Jan 1978 | A |
4076275 | Hiruma | Feb 1978 | A |
4186773 | Flynn | Feb 1980 | A |
4335901 | Giadish | Jun 1982 | A |
4361346 | Harris | Nov 1982 | A |
4377299 | Fujii | Mar 1983 | A |
4468050 | Woods et al. | Aug 1984 | A |
4471805 | Solie et al. | Sep 1984 | A |
4488576 | Skelly | Dec 1984 | A |
4570972 | Pangos | Feb 1986 | A |
4629212 | Takizawa et al. | Dec 1986 | A |
4634142 | Woods et al. | Jan 1987 | A |
4641843 | Morrisroe, Jr. | Feb 1987 | A |
4647003 | Hilpert et al. | Mar 1987 | A |
4647069 | Iijima | Mar 1987 | A |
4673172 | Blanz | Jun 1987 | A |
4674767 | Kuroki et al. | Jun 1987 | A |
4685689 | Takizawa et al. | Aug 1987 | A |
4714271 | Buma et al. | Dec 1987 | A |
4726571 | Smith et al. | Feb 1988 | A |
4733876 | Heider et al. | Mar 1988 | A |
4817922 | Hovance | Apr 1989 | A |
4823550 | Decker | Apr 1989 | A |
4871189 | Van Breemen | Oct 1989 | A |
4923210 | Heider et al. | May 1990 | A |
4936604 | Kawagoe et al. | Jun 1990 | A |
4946134 | Oriandi | Aug 1990 | A |
4964433 | Marietta | Oct 1990 | A |
4971360 | Pischke et al. | Nov 1990 | A |
5003864 | Dyer | Apr 1991 | A |
5014748 | Nogami et al. | May 1991 | A |
5048867 | Gradert | Sep 1991 | A |
5161579 | Anderson, Jr. | Nov 1992 | A |
5161817 | Daum et al. | Nov 1992 | A |
5312119 | Scheider et al. | May 1994 | A |
5316272 | Davis | May 1994 | A |
RE34628 | Fujishiro et al. | Jun 1994 | E |
5347457 | Tanaka et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
5375819 | Galazin | Dec 1994 | A |
5517847 | Campbell et al. | May 1996 | A |
5521821 | Shimizu et al. | May 1996 | A |
5560591 | Trudeau et al. | Oct 1996 | A |
5584497 | Lander et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5651555 | O'Reilly et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5682922 | Galazin et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
5707045 | Easter | Jan 1998 | A |
5725066 | Bear et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5787932 | Pierce | Aug 1998 | A |
5825284 | Dunwoody et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5859692 | Ross, Jr. et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
5862833 | Perez | Jan 1999 | A |
5921532 | Pierce et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5934320 | O'Reilly et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5979504 | Spivey | Nov 1999 | A |
5988067 | Beck | Nov 1999 | A |
6061615 | Karthaeuser | May 2000 | A |
6173740 | Marinoni et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6202992 | O'Reilly et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6217010 | McNeely | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6260860 | Brookes et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6332623 | Behmenburg et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6412790 | McKenzie et al. | Jul 2002 | B2 |
6446980 | Kutscher et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6553761 | Beck | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6623016 | Sulzyc et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6824143 | Choi | Nov 2004 | B2 |
6918600 | Dodd et al. | Jul 2005 | B2 |
6935625 | Bolt et al. | Aug 2005 | B2 |
6945275 | Krechmery | Sep 2005 | B2 |
6948721 | Lee | Sep 2005 | B2 |
7028705 | Krechmery | Apr 2006 | B1 |
7028996 | Plath | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7117890 | Ching | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7192012 | Bolt et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7192032 | Dodd | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7204478 | Plath | Apr 2007 | B2 |
7650905 | Kubota et al. | Jan 2010 | B2 |
7841608 | Morris et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7887065 | Trudeau et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7918466 | Steinbuchel | Apr 2011 | B2 |
8047551 | Morris | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8191904 | Amlie et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8312618 | Hedrnan | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8523191 | Yagiela | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8973922 | Koelzer | Mar 2015 | B2 |
9212963 | Kim | Dec 2015 | B2 |
9975392 | Ahmadian | May 2018 | B2 |
10088849 | Hurst | Oct 2018 | B2 |
20030067124 | Kang | Apr 2003 | A1 |
20030085535 | Choi | May 2003 | A1 |
20030172978 | Rodriguez-Amaya et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030205869 | Schutt | Nov 2003 | A1 |
20050212225 | suzuki et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20080315539 | Steinbuchel | Dec 2008 | A1 |
20090216403 | Holbrook | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20100025946 | Inoue et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
20100250065 | Kelly et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20170282672 | Gandhi | Oct 2017 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20170282671 A1 | Oct 2017 | US |