Patent Application
20210100696
The present invention relates to a ring-like elastic belt for a wearable article, and method of making thereof.
Absorbent articles such as diapers have areas of elasticity to provide a snug fit on the wearer. Such areas of elasticity are provided by elastic members to be used as waist bands and leg bands. In some configurations, it may be advantageous for certain areas of the elastic members to be free of elasticity. For example, it may not be desirous to have elasticity in the front and rear section of the diaper matching the area where an absorbent core overlaps. If elasticity is present in the absorbent core overlapping area, this may be uncomfortable for the wearer, and also cause unnecessary bunching up of material deteriorating the absorbing efficiency of the absorbent core. Furthermore, absorbent articles, especially baby diapers, are commonly designed with artwork on the front and/or rear section of the diaper. Such artwork may provide a connotation to quality of the product, amusement to the wearer and caregiver, and may also be used for educational or training purposes. Absence of elasticity in those sections helps prevent the artwork to be distorted. Meanwhile, it is often desirable to have such elastic member cutting conducted in a cost efficient manner with minimum influence to production speed such as those processes described in, but not limited to, U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,867,529, 9,039,855, 9,050,213, 9,02,8632, 8,440,043, 9,364,965, and 9,738,002.
In recent years, various nonwoven materials have been suggested and used for making the garment-facing surface of the absorbent article to have certain functionality, such as softness, loftiness and breathability. To provide such functionality, the nonwoven materials may be provided in higher caliper or basis weight, which may require special or additional handling needs during manufacture. Further, consciousness of skin health of the wearer has increased, that forces on the elastic belt are desired to be as low as reasonably required for keeping the article from sagging. On the other hand, in that nonwoven materials having functionality and accurately configured elastic belts may be used for products of higher consumer value, quality assurance of such absorbent article must also have a high standard.
Based on the foregoing, there remains a need for providing a reliable elastic member cutting system which can be used over a variety of materials used for the absorbent article, which is cost efficient, and which has little influence on production speed.
The present invention is directed to a ring-like elastic belt (40) having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction comprising: a front belt (84) and a back belt (86), each of the front belt (84) and back belt (86) being an elastic laminate comprising an outer sheet (92), an inner sheet (94), a plurality of waist elastic bodies (96) joined between the outer sheet (92) and the inner sheet (94) and extending transversely substantially parallel to each other, and a plurality of tummy elastic bodies (97) joined between the outer sheet (92) and the inner sheet (94) and extending transversely substantially parallel to each other, each of the front belt (84) and the back belt (86) further comprising a non-elastic region (22) wherein each of the tummy elastic bodies (97) are removed of elasticity over a certain dimension in the transverse direction, wherein the outer sheet (92) is a nonwoven fabric and the inner sheet (94) is a nonwoven fabric; wherein the tummy elastic bodies (97) are disposed in a tummy elastic array comprising a plurality of intervals between the tummy elastic bodies (97), wherein the tummy elastic array comprises a major interval (135) having a longitudinal dimension of at least about 10 mm, preferably at least about 15 mm; wherein the front belt and the back belt each have a Belt Tensile Strength of at least about 17.3 N/cm according to the measurements herein.
The present invention is also directed to a wearable article comprising the aforementioned ring-like elastic belt.
The present invention is also directed to a method of making the aforementioned ring-like elastic belt.
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as forming the present invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from the following description which is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and which like designations are used to designate substantially identical elements, and in which:
As used herein, the following terms shall have the meaning specified thereafter:
“Wearable article” refers to articles of wear which may be in the form of pants, taped diapers, incontinent briefs, feminine hygiene garments, and the like. The “wearable article” may be so configured to also absorb and contain various exudates such as urine, feces, and menses discharged from the body. The “wearable article” may serve as an outer cover adaptable to be joined with a separable disposable absorbent insert for providing absorbent and containment function, such as those disclosed in PCT publication WO 2011/087503A.
“Pant” refers to disposable absorbent articles having a pre-formed waist and leg openings. A pant may be donned by inserting a wearer's legs into the leg openings and sliding the pant into position about the wearer's lower torso. Pants are also commonly referred to as “closed diapers”, “prefastened diapers”, “pull-on diapers”, “training pants” and “diaper-pants”.
“Longitudinal” refers to a direction running substantially perpendicular from a waist edge to an opposing waist edge of the article and generally parallel to the maximum linear dimension of the article.
“Transverse” refers to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
“Proximal” and “distal” refer respectively to the position closer or farther relative to the longitudinal center of the article.
“Body-facing” and “garment-facing” refer respectively to the relative location of an element or a surface of an element or group of elements. “Body-facing” implies the element or surface is nearer to the wearer during wear than some other element or surface. “Garment-facing” implies the element or surface is more remote from the wearer during wear than some other element or surface (i.e., element or surface is proximate to the wearer's garments that may be worn over the disposable absorbent article).
“Disposed” refers to an element being located in a particular place or position.
“Joined” refers to configurations whereby an element is directly secured to another element by affixing the element directly to the other element and to configurations whereby an element is indirectly secured to another element by affixing the element to intermediate member(s) which in turn are affixed to the other element.
“Film” refers to a sheet-like material wherein the length and width of the material far exceed the thickness of the material. Typically, films have a thickness of about 0.5 mm or less.
“Water-permeable” and “water-impermeable” refer to the penetrability of materials in the context of the intended usage of disposable absorbent articles. Specifically, the term “water-permeable” refers to a layer or a layered structure having pores, openings, and/or interconnected void spaces that permit liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine to pass through its thickness in the absence of a forcing pressure. Conversely, the term “water-impermeable” refers to a layer or a layered structure through the thickness of which liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine cannot pass in the absence of a forcing pressure (aside from natural forces such as gravity). A layer or a layered structure that is water-impermeable according to this definition may be permeable to water vapor, i.e., may be “vapor-permeable”.
“Extendibility” and “extensible” mean that the width or length of the component in a relaxed state can be extended or increased.
“Elasticated” and “elasticized” mean that a component comprises at least a portion made of elastic material.
“Elongatable material”, “extensible material”, or “stretchable material” are used interchangeably and refer to a material that, upon application of a biasing force, can stretch to an elongated length of at least about 110% of its relaxed, original length (i.e. can stretch to 10 percent more than its original length), without rupture or breakage, and upon release of the applied force, shows little recovery, less than about 20% of its elongation without complete rupture or breakage as measured by EDANA method 20.2-89. In the event such an elongatable material recovers at least 40% of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “elastic” or “elastomeric.” For example, an elastic material that has an initial length of 100 mm can extend at least to 150 mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 130 mm (i.e., exhibiting a 40% recovery). In the event the material recovers less than 40% of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “substantially non-elastic” or “substantially non-elastomeric”. For example, an elongatable material that has an initial length of 100 mm can extend at least to 150 mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 145 mm (i.e., exhibiting a 10% recovery).
“Radial” means a direction running from the center of a drum toward a drum outer circumferential surface.
“Substrate” means a material which is primarily two-dimensional (i.e. in an XY plane) and whose thickness (in a Z direction) is relatively small (i.e. 1/10 or less) in comparison to its length (in an X direction) and width (in a Y direction). Non-limiting examples of substrates include a web, layer or layers or fibrous materials, nonwovens, films and foils such as polymeric films or metallic foils. These materials may be used alone or may comprise two or more layers laminated together. As such, a web is a substrate.
“Nonwoven” means a material made from continuous (long) filaments (fibers) and/or discontinuous (short) filaments (fibers) by processes such as spunbonding, meltblowing, carding, and the like. nonwovens do not have a woven or knitted filament pattern.
“Machine direction” means the direction of material flow through a process. In addition, relative placement and movement of material can be described as flowing in the machine direction through a process from upstream in the process to downstream in the process.
“Cross machine direction” means a direction that is generally perpendicular to the machine direction.
“Dimension”, “Length”, “Width”, “Pitch”, “Interval”, “Diameter”, “Aspect Ratio”, “Angle”, and “Area” of the article are all measured in a state wherein the article is extended to the Full Circumference according to the “Whole Article Force Measurement” herein, and utilizing a ruler or a loupe, unless specified otherwise.
“Artwork” refers to a visual presentation to the naked eye, which is provided by printing or otherwise, and having a color. Printing includes various methods and apparatus well known to those skilled in the art such as lithographic, screen printing, flexographic, and gravure ink jet printing techniques.
“Color” or “Colored” as referred to herein includes any primary color except color white, i.e., black, red, blue, violet, orange, yellow, green, and indigo as well as any declination thereof or mixture thereof. The color white is defined as those colors having a L* value of at least 94, an a* value equal to 0±2, and a b* value equal to 0±2 according to the CIE L* a* b* color system.
Referring to
The elastic belt (40) of the article (20) of the present invention acts to dynamically create fitment forces and to distribute the forces dynamically generated during wear. The proximal edge (90) is located closer than the distal edge (88) relative to the crotch panel (56) of the center chassis (38). The front and back belts (84, 86) may be joined with each other only at the side edges (89) at the seams (32) to form a wearable article (20) having a waist opening and two leg openings. Each leg opening may be provided with elasticity around the perimeter of the leg opening by the combination of elasticity from the front belt (84), the back belt (86), and any from the center chassis (38).
The transverse width of the backsheet (60) and the outer cover layer (42) may be the same or may be varied (not shown). For example, the backsheet (60) may have a shorter transverse width compared to that of the outer cover layer (42). By such configuration, the longitudinal side edges (48) of the crotch panel (56), which make part of the leg openings, may have better breathability.
The front belt (84) and back belt (86) are configured to impart elasticity to the belt (40). The front belt (84) and the back belt (86) may each be formed by a laminate comprising a plurality of elastic bodies (96, 97) running in the transverse direction, an inner sheet (94), an outer sheet (92), and an outer sheet fold over (93) wherein the outer sheet fold over (93) is an extension of the outer sheet (92) material formed by folding the outer sheet (92) material at the distal edge (88) of the front and back belts (84, 86); wherein elastic bodies (96, 97) are sandwiched between two of these sheets. The front belt (84) and the back belt (86) may each be made only by elastic bodies (96, 97) the inner sheet (94), the outer sheet (92), and the outer sheet fold over (93). The elastic bodies (96, 97) may extend in the transverse direction to provide a ring like elastic belt (40) when the front belt (84) and the back belt (86) are joined. At least some of the elastic bodies (96, 97) extend in the transverse direction substantially parallel to each other. All of the elastic bodies (96, 97) may extend in the transverse direction substantially parallel to each other. Such an article (20) may be economically made. The front and back belt (84, 86) each may have transversely continuous proximal and distal edges (88, 90), the proximal edge (90) being located closer than the distal edge (88) relative to the longitudinal center of the article (20). The elastic bodies (96, 97) may be disposed in the same or different denier, interval, and force between the front and back, as well as in different longitudinal positions of the belt.
The front and/or back belt (84, 86) may be treated such that certain of the area overlapping the front and/or back waist panel (52, 54) of the center chassis (38) are removed of elasticity. Removal of elasticity from a certain area of the front and/or back waist panel (52, 54) may be advantageous when the center chassis (38) comprises an absorbent core (62), in that elasticity in the front and/or back area overlapping the absorbent core (62) may cause bunching of the absorbent layer or any of the layers in the absorbent core (62) and interfere with close fit of the center chassis (38) to the wearer.
As a result of removal of elasticity of the tummy elastic bodies (97), there is provided a non-elastic region (22). The non-elastic region (22) is defined by the smallest transverse dimension in which the tummy elastic bodies (97) are removed, and the longitudinal dimension from the proximal edge (90) of the belt to the waist elastic body (96) closest to the proximal edge. The longitudinal dimension of the non-elastic region (22) may be provided as at least about 40 mm, or at least about 50 mm.
Referring to
The longitudinal length LB of the back belt (86) between the back distal edge (88) and the back proximal edge (90) along its entire width LW of the back belt (86) may be approximately the same as the longitudinal length LF of the front belt (84) between the front distal edge (88) and the front proximal edge (90). In such configuration, the seams (32) close the front and back belt (84, 86) side edges (89) of the same length for forming the article (20). Such an article (20) may be economically made.
Referring to
The elastic belt (40) may be closely associated with the function and quality of the article (20). Thus, materials for forming the elastic belt (40), as well as the elastic profile of the elastic belt (40), are carefully selected by the manufacturer for providing the desirables for the article (20). An undergarment kind of appearance and pleasant tactile sense such as flexibility and cushiony touch may be associated with high quality. Ease of stretch and application, while also maintaining certain force during wear to prevent the article (20) from sagging after loading, may be associated with high function. The balance of the aforementioned quality and function attributes provide the favorable entire usage experience of the article (20) by the user. The user may be the wearer or the caregiver.
The article (20) of the present invention may have a suitable Stretch Circumference Force (N). What is meant by Stretch Circumference Force is the loading force at a certain stretch level which is believed to simulate initial stretch experience felt by the user when inserting hands and stretch opening the article (20). The level of stretch which is believed to be felt by the user when stretch opening the article (20) is represented by the “470 mm Stretch Circumference”. The dimension of 470 mm is selected based on a study by the Applicant whereby the average standing hip circumference (mm) at the height matching the pubic bone of children having a body weight of 6-20 kg was 473 mm based on data from over 1000 subjects. Namely, according to common habits for wearing a pant article (20), the user would stretch open the elastic belt (40) of the pant article (20) to a circumference more or less matching that of the hip circumference of the body of the wearer. A body weight of 6-20 kg matches the recommended body weight of wearers for pant articles (20) of Sizes 3-6 (Sizes M to XXL). The article (20) of the present invention has a Stretch Circumference Force of no greater than about 8.0N, or no greater than about 7.6N. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the lower the Stretch Circumference Force, the elastic belt (40) may be stretched with less force, thus softer the perception of the elastic belt (40) by the user.
The article (20) of the present invention may have a suitable Fit Circumference Force (N). What is meant by Fit Circumference Force is the unloading force at a certain stretch level which is believed to simulate the force felt by the wearer while wearing the article (20). The level of stretch which is believed to be felt by the wearer while wearing the article (20) is also represented by the 470 mm Stretch Circumference. The article (20) of the present invention has a Fit Circumference Force of no less than about 2.0N, or no less than about 2.5N. By having such Fit Circumference Force, the elastic belt (40) provides good fit to prevent sagging and leakage. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that by having a relatively low Stretch Circumference Force of no greater than about 8.0N in combination with a minimum Fit Circumference Force of no less than about 2.0N, an elastic belt (40) having ease of application and a secure yet soft fit may be provided.
The Fit Circumference Force (N) and Stretch Circumference Force (N) are obtained according to the “Whole Article Force Measurement” below.
The tensile stress (N/m) of the front and back elastic belts (84, 86), respectively, may be profiled depending on the zone of the front and back elastic belts (84, 86). By zone, what is meant is a certain longitudinal dimension of the front or back elastic belt (84, 86) comprising at least 2 elastic bodies (96, 97). The tensile stress of a certain zone may be adjusted by one or more of the following methods; 1) elongation rate of the elastic body; 2) density (dtex) of the elastic body; 3) longitudinal interval of multiple elastic bodies; and 4) effective length of elasticity of the elastic body in the transverse direction. By elongation, “0% elongation” is meant the original length of the elastic body. When a portion of an elastic body is removed of its elasticity, the remainder of the intact elastic body capable of imparting elasticity to the elastic belt (40) is defined as the “effective length of elasticity of an elastic body”. Without being bound by theory, such profiling of the tensile stress per zone is believed to provide the article (20) of the present invention with a shaped elastic belt (40) that conforms well to a human body, particularly to a lower torso of a child of less than 36 months of age, and therefore provide good fit and comfort to the wearer, without compromise of sagging prevention or leakage prevention. Namely, a certain zone on the front may be subject to high tensile stress such that the article (20) may be anchored against the wearer's trochanter, while leaving more area for the back to accommodate the wearer's buttock. So long as the article (20) is anchored securely at the trochanter, the zone adjacent the leg opening may be provided with significantly less tensile stress, thus disposed of elastic bodies of low density. Soft fit at the front leg opening region may facilitate leg movement during wear.
Certain zones of the belt may be disposed of elastic bodies having a density of less than about 500 dtex. Elastic bodies having a density of less than about 500 dtex may be tummy elastic bodies (97), and/or may be disposed adjacent the proximal edge (90) of the elastic belt (40) along the zone adjacent the leg opening, for providing the benefit as explained above. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that elastic bodies of relatively low density impart an easy initial stretch experience when stretch opening the article (20), while maintaining a good fit during wear. Namely, use of such elastic bodies of relatively low density are advantageous in providing a controlled Stretch Circumference Force, while maintaining a certain Fit Circumference Force.
The tummy elastic bodies (97) are disposed on the front and/or back belt (84, 86) in a tummy elastic array comprising a plurality of intervals between the tummy elastic bodies (97), wherein the tummy elastic array comprises a major interval (135) having a longitudinal dimension of at least about 10 mm, or at least about 15 mm. The remainder intervals of the tummy elastic array may have a smaller longitudinal dimension, such as from about 2 mm to about 8 mm, or from about 2 mm to about 4 mm, or from about 5 mm to about 8 mm, or from about 7 mm to about 9 mm. The remainder intervals of the tummy elastic array may be even or varied. There may be one or more major intervals (135) per tummy elastic array. The major interval (135) of the tummy elastic array may be provided for separating zones, or for providing a portion of the elastic belt (40) having low tensile stress, or for facilitating process. The tummy elastic array may comprise at least 2, or at least 4, elastic bodies having a density of less than about 500 dtex. The tummy elastic array may be made only of elastic bodies having a density of less than about 500 dtex.
The obtained wearable article (20) of the present invention may provide high quality perception, ease of application, fit, comfort during wear, prevention of sagging, and prevention of leakage.
The outer sheet (92) for forming the elastic belt (40) may have a certain material thickness to provide the lofty undergarment-like appearance and feel, for example, at least about 0.25 mm, or at least about 0.3 mm. Suitable for the outer sheet (92) of the present invention include: hi-loft nonwoven, air-through carded nonwoven, and spunbond nonwoven made of crimping fiber made through core eccentric bicomponent filament or side by side bicomponent filament, preferably air-through carded nonwoven. Non-limiting examples of materials suitable for the outer sheet (92) include: 20-50 gsm air-through carded nonwoven made of less than 15pm diameter PE/PET bi-component staple fiber, such as those with a tradename of FJ206 available from Dayuan, Beijing China.
The inner and outer sheets (92, 94) may be the same or different material, and selected to provide characteristics such as breathability, softness, cushiony feel, loftiness, and combinations thereof, depending on the desirables of the resulting article (20). The inner and outer sheets (92, 94) may have the same or different basis weight, stiffness, texture or any combination thereof The outer sheet (92) may have higher basis weight than the inner sheet (94) for providing the favorable tactile acceptance as discussed above, while controlling cost.
Suitable for the inner sheet (94) of the present invention include: 10-40 gsm soft nonwoven, spunbond nonwoven with filament additive slip agent, spun high-loft nonwoven or air-through carded nonwoven, preferably spun high-loft nonwoven.
The material for the outer cover layer (42) may be selected to provide characteristics such as breathability, softness, cushiony feel, loftiness, and combinations thereof, depending on the desirables of the resulting article (20). The outer cover layer (42) may be made of the same material as the outer sheet (92) to provide integral aesthetic and tactile senses for the article (20). By “the same material”, what is meant is that the nonwoven has the same type of filament in shape, composition, diameter difference of no more than 2 μm, and basis weight difference of no more than 2 gsm.
The inner and outer sheets (92, 94) may be provided with a repetition of openings, such as slits, mesh holes, or apertures. The outer sheet (92) may be provided with apertures. The individual aperture may be in the shape of a circle, oval, or polyhedron, while having an aspect ratio of no more than about 2. The individual aperture may have a minor radius of at least about 0.1 mm, or from about 0.1 mm to about 0.8 mm. What is meant by minor radius herein is the radius of a circle, minor radius of an oval, or one half the shortest dimension of a polyhedron. Apertures of such size and shape may be visible to the naked eye on the garment-facing surface, and thus connote breathability and high quality of the article (20).
Referring to
Accordingly, looking at the layers of elements between the garment facing surface and the backsheet (60) of the center chassis (38) of
Referring to
The front belt and the back belt (84, 86) of the present invention each have a Belt Tensile Strength of at least about 17.3 N/cm, or at least about 17.8 N/cm according to the measurements herein. Without being bound by theory, by controlling the Belt Tensile Strength as such, the front belt and the back belt (84, 86) may each have sufficient durability to avoid rupturing for the remainder of the manufacturing method, as well as handling during compression for packaging, and during use.
The present invention is also directed to a method of making the aforementioned ring-like elastic belt (40). More specifically, the present method relates to making the non-elastic region (22) of the front and back elastic belt (84, 86). Referring to
Referring to
The recess (614) is provided so as not to engage with the outer circumferential surface (610) of the anvil roll (602), thus providing substantially no pressure against the elastic belt (40) assembly. The recess (614) is configured to match the major interval (135) of the tummy elastic array, such that the continuous assembly in the major interval (135) is not unnecessarily pressed with the blade (612). Such controlled contact between the blade (612) and the assembly is advantageous in effectively severing the tummy elastic bodies (97), while alleviating damage to the inner and/or outer sheet (92, 94) in the major interval (135) where there is no tummy elastic body (97) to receive the force. The contact force between the blade edge (616) and the anvil roll (602) may be no more than about 600 N/mm, for alleviating damage to the inner and/or outer sheet (92, 94). The contact force between the blade edge (616) and the anvil roll (602) may be at least about 300 N/mm, to ensure severing of the tummy elastic bodies (97). By damage to the inner and/or outer sheet (92, 94), what is meant is a separation of at least 5 mm in the longitudinal direction. Deformations such as contact traces which do not significantly decrease the tensile strength of the belt are not considered a damage.
For effecting severing of the tummy elastic bodies (97) in the intended transverse dimension, the tummy elastic bodies (97) in the non-elastic region (22) are either provided with no joining, or may be joined to the inner and outer sheets (92, 94) at a strength significantly weaker than the elastic region. Prior to joining the tummy elastic bodies (97), the non-elastic region (22) may be continuously applied in both the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction with a hot-melt adhesive agent on the surface of one of the outer sheet (92) and the inner sheet (94), wherein the hot-melt adhesive is applied in an amount of from about 1.5 to about 3 gsm.
Referring to
The assembly may be divided by a slitter (500) in the machine direction to form 2 continuous parts, which are further processed to provide continuous front and back belts (84, 86). The dividing may be provided before or after making of the non-elastic region (22).
Components of the wearable article described in this specification can at least partially be comprised of bio-sourced content as described in US 2007/0219521A1 Hird et al published on Sep. 20, 2007, US 2011/0139658A1 Hird et al published on Jun. 16, 2011, US 2011/0139657A1 Hird et al published on Jun. 16, 2011, US 2011/0152812A1 Hird et al published on Jun. 23, 2011, US 2011/0139662A1 Hird et al published on Jun. 16, 2011, and US 2011/0139659A1 Hird et al published on Jun. 16, 2011. These components include, but are not limited to, topsheet nonwovens, backsheet films, backsheet nonwovens, belt nonwovens, and parts constructing the absorbent core such as barrier leg cuff nonwovens, core wrap substrates, acquisition layers, and adhesives.
In at least one embodiment, a wearable article component comprises a bio-based content value from about 10% to about 100% using ASTM D6866-10, method B, or from about 25% to about 75%, or from about 50% to about 60% using ASTM D6866-10, method B.
The Belt Tensile Strength may be measured using an Electronic Tensile Tester with a computer interface such as the MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software (available from MTS SYSTEMS (CHINA) CO., LTD) or equivalent instrument. A load cell is chosen so that force results for the samples tested will be between 10 and 90% of capacity of the load cell. The instrument is calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. All testing is performed in a room maintained at 23±2° C. and 50±5% relative humidity. The instrument is equipped with standard upper and lower clamps having single line contact grips at least as wide as the test specimen.
To obtain test specimens, the sample article is opened at both side seams in a manner such that the front and back belts (84, 86) are peeled away from each other without removing the side seam area, and further removed from the center chassis. For each belt, the contact trace is identified. Taking the contact trace as the center line, 50 mm each of the transverse dimension is measured. Further, 40 mm of the longitudinal dimension is measured from the proximal edge (90). The thus obtained 40 mm by 100 mm rectangle is cut out using scissors to obtain a specimen. Specimen are pre-conditioned at 23° C.±2° C. and 50%±5% relative humidity for two hours prior to testing.
The instrument is set up as follows. Initial Gauge Length is set at 30 mm long between the center of the upper clamp to the center of the lower clamp. The crosshead speed is set at 254 mm/min. The data acquisition rate is set at 50 Hz. The load is reset to zero. The upper and lower clamps as well as the line of contact trace are set to be parallel with each other and to have a load lower than 0.05N. The test is started and the specimen is extended until it is completely separated into two pieces. The peak load force is recorded during the test.
Five specimen are measured and the peak load forces are recorded. The tensile strength for each specimen is calculated by the average peak load force (N) divided by 5cm of the longitudinal length (cm) and reported to the nearest 0.1 N/cm.
Force is measured using an Electronic Tensile Tester with a computer interface such as the MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software (available from MTS SYSTEMS (CHINA) CO., LTD) or equivalent instrument. A load cell is selected so that force results for the samples tested will be between 10 and 90% of capacity of the load cell used. The instrument is calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. All testing is performed in a room maintained at 23±2° C. and 50±5% relative humidity.
The tensile tester is fitted with hanger-type sample holding fixtures (300) as shown in
Gauge Circumference=2×(H+D+πD/2)
where H is the vertical gap between the horizontal bar sections (302), and D is the outer diameter of the bar.
The instrument is set up to go through the following steps:
A sample article (20) is inserted onto the upper horizontal bar section (302) so that the bar passes through the waist opening and one leg opening of the article (20). The crosshead is raised until the specimen hangs above the lower bar and does not touch lower bar (302). The load cell is tared and the crosshead is lowered to enable the lower bar (302) to be inserted through the waist opening and other leg opening without stretching the article (20). The article (20) is adjusted so that the longitudinal centerline L1 of the article (20) is in a horizontal plane halfway between the upper and lower bars (302). The center of the side portion in contact with the bar (302) is situated on the same vertical axis as the instrument load cell. The crosshead is raised slowly while the article (20) is held in place by hand as necessary until the force is between 0.05 and 0.1N, while taking care not to add any unnecessary force. The gauge circumference at this point is the Initial Gauge Circumference. The test is initiated and the crosshead moves up at a speed of 254 mm/min until a force of 19.6N is attained, then the crosshead immediately returns to the Initial Gauge Circumference at the same speed. The maximum circumference at 19.6N during the extension segment of the test is recorded.
The Stretch Circumference Force is defined as the force at 470 mm Stretch Circumference during the load (extension) segment of the test. The Fit Circumference Force is defined as the force at 470 mm Stretch Circumference during the unload (contraction) segment of the test.
Five samples are analyzed and their average Stretch Circumference Force and average Fit Circumference Force are calculated and reported to the nearest 0.01 N, respectively.
Examples 1-2 and A-B having the structure of a pant type wearable article (20) are obtained and subject to measurements as described above. For all of these Examples, the back belt has 2 major intervals and thus potentially may have lower Belt Tensile Strength compared to the front belt. Thus, for all Examples, measurement was only provided to the back belt.
Example 1: A Size 4 belt-type pant article (20) having the configuration of
Example 2: A Size 4 belt-type pant article (20) having the same configuration as Example 1 except the outer sheet (92) made by dual 17 gsm PE/PP bicomponent spunbond nonwoven available from Fibertex, the inner sheet (94) made by tradename HY15015-MALAYSIA-V2 available from Fibertex (15 gsm PP spunbond nonwoven), and manufactured according to the methods of the present invention.
Example A: Pampers Hada Ichiban Pant available in the PRC with Lot No. 20190128 made of the same material as Example 1, however not manufactured according to the methods of the present invention.
Example B: Pampers Super Thin and Dry Pant available in the PRC with Lot No. 20181022 made of the same material as Example 2, however not manufactured according to the methods of the present invention.
Examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention had a higher Belt Tensile Strength which provides an article having sufficient durability to avoid rupturing for the entire manufacturing process, as well as during use. Examples 1 and 2 could be manufactured at approximately the same reliability level and approximately the same speed as manufacturing Examples A and B.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm.” Further, every numerical range given throughout this specification includes every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range.
Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2019/109917 | Oct 2019 | CN | national |
| PCT/CN2020/095763 | Jun 2020 | CN | national |
This application claims priority to Chinese PCT Patent Application No. PCT/CN2020/095763, filed on Jun. 12, 2020, and to Chinese PCT Patent Application No. PCT/CN2019/109917, filed on Oct. 8, 2019, both of which are incorporated by reference herein.
