Patent Application
20210177666
The present invention relates to ring-like elastic belts having improved side seams, articles comprising thereof, and methods of making thereof.
Infants and other incontinent individuals wear absorbent articles such as pant to receive and contain urine and other body exudates. Pull-on absorbent articles, or pant-type absorbent articles, are those which are donned by inserting the wearer's legs into the leg openings and sliding the article up into position about the lower torso. Pant-type absorbent articles have become popular for use on children who are able to walk and often who are toilet training, as well as for younger children who become more active in movement such that application of taped-type absorbent articles tends to be more difficult.
Belt-type pant having a center chassis to cover the crotch region of the wearer and a separate elastic belt defining the waist opening and leg opening are known in the art, such as described in PCT Publication WO 2006/17718A. Such belt-type pant articles have an elastic belt made of a laminate of nonwoven layers and elastic bodies sandwiched therebetween. These elastic belts may be economically made by overlaying and joining two of such laminates to make the front and back belt, then seaming the laminates to make side seams. Recently, various nonwoven materials are used to meet consumer needs, and some material may have lower process tolerance. For example, nonwoven material having favorable lofty tactile sense may have a lower tensile breaking point. When the laminate is made of 2 nonwoven layers, one of the layers may be folded over to avoid having sharp edges at the waist opening or the leg opening. Thus, the elastic belt may result in a region having the fold over provided in 3 layers, while another region provided in 2 layers, giving a variation of caliper and basis weight along the side seam. Still further, the elastic belt may be structured to have an ergonomic fit, thereby having different positioning of elastic bodies coming from the front and back belt. All of the above mentioned non-homogeneity of the side seam may make the side seaming process difficult to control, and/or result in side seams that have varied quality of seaming strength.
Based on the foregoing, there is a need to provide a ring-like elastic belt for the belt-type pant article which has side seams which tolerate normal usage conditions, while also being easy to open after use for removal. There is further a need for a reliable high speed method of making side seams for the belt-type pant article over a variety of conditions for making the elastic belt, and in an economical manner.
The present invention is directed to ring-like elastic belt (104) having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction comprising:
a front belt (106) and a back belt (108), each of the front belt (106) and back belt (108) being an elastic laminate comprising a first substrate layer (162), a second substrate layer (164), and a plurality of elastic bodies (168) joined between the first substrate layer (162) and the second substrate layer (164), each of the front belt (106) and the back belt (108) further comprising a fold over (162FO) of at least one of the first substrate layer (162) and the second substrate layer (164) wherein the fold over (162FO) of the front belt (106) has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the front belt (106), and the fold over (162FO) of the back belt (108) has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the front belt (106),
a pair of side seams which join the lateral edges of the front belt (106) and the back belt (108) such that the front fold over (162FO) and the back fold over (162FO) cooperatively define a distal edge of the ring-like elastic belt (104), the side seam made by a hot air bond which at least partially melts material of the elastic laminate, the side seam having continuity of the melted material along the substantial entirety of its longitudinal dimension;
wherein the side seam has a Belt Minimum Peel Strength of at least about 6N/25 mm, a Belt Maximum Peel Strength of no more than 18N/25 mm, and a Top Bottom Difference of no more than 15%, according to the measurements herein.
The present invention is also directed to methods of making such ring-like elastic belt (104).
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as forming the present invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from the following description which is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and which like designations are used to designate substantially identical elements, and in which:
FIG. 6A1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a bonder module.
FIG. 6A2 is a schematic side view of a second embodiment of a bonder module.
FIG. 6A3 is a schematic side view of a third embodiment of a bonder module.
FIG. 6A4 is a schematic side view of a fourth embodiment of a bonder module.
FIG. 6A5 is a schematic side view of a fifth embodiment of a bonder module.
FIG. 6B1 is a schematic side view of a seaming drum.
FIG. 6B2 is a schematic side view of another seaming drum.
FIG. 6B3 is an elevation view of a seaming station of FIG. 6B2 showing the hot air nozzles.
As used herein, the following terms shall have the meaning specified thereafter:
“Wearable article” refers to articles of wear which may be in the form of pant, taped pant, incontinent briefs, feminine hygiene garments, and the like. The “wearable article” may be so configured to also absorb and contain various exudates such as urine, feces, and menses discharged from the body. The “wearable article” may serve as an outer cover adaptable to be joined with a separable disposable absorbent insert for providing absorbent and containment function, such as those disclosed in PCT publication WO 2011/087503A.
“Pant” refers to wearable articles having a pre-formed waist and leg openings. A pant may be donned by inserting a wearer's legs into the leg openings and sliding the pant into position about the wearer's lower torso. Pant are also commonly referred to as “closed pant”, “prefastened pant”, “pull-on pant”, “training pant” and “pant-pant”.
“Longitudinal” refers to a direction running substantially perpendicular from a waist edge to an opposing waist edge of the article and generally parallel to the maximum linear dimension of the article. “Lateral” refers to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. “Body-facing” and “garment-facing” refer respectively to the relative location of an element or a surface of an element or group of elements. “Body-facing” implies the element or surface is nearer to the wearer during wear than some other element or surface. “Garment-facing” implies the element or surface is more remote from the wearer during wear than some other element or surface (i.e., element or surface is proximate to the wearer's garments that may be worn over the disposable absorbent article).
“Disposed” refers to an element being located in a particular place or position.
“Joined” refers to configurations whereby an element is directly secured to another element by affixing the element directly to the other element and to configurations whereby an element is indirectly secured to another element by affixing the element to intermediate member(s) which in turn are affixed to the other element.
“Proximal” refers to a portion being closer relative to the longitudinal center of the article, while “distal” refers to a portion being farther from the longitudinal center of the article.
“Water-permeable” and “water-impermeable” refer to the penetrability of materials in the context of the indented usage of disposable absorbent articles. Specifically, the term “water-permeable” refers to a layer or a layered structure having pores, openings, and/or interconnected void spaces that permit liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine to pass through its thickness in the absence of a forcing pressure. Conversely, the term “water-impermeable” refers to a layer or a layered structure through the thickness of which liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine cannot pass in the absence of a forcing pressure (aside from natural forces such as gravity). A layer or a layered structure that is water-impermeable according to this definition may be permeable to water vapor, i.e., may be “vapor-permeable”.
“Extendibility” and “extensible” mean that the width or length of the component in a relaxed state can be extended or increased.
“Elasticated” and “elasticized” mean that a component comprises at least a portion made of elastic material.
“Elongatable material”, “extensible material”, or “stretchable material” are used interchangeably and refer to a material that, upon application of a biasing force, can stretch to an elongated length of at least about 110% of its relaxed, original length (i.e. can stretch to 10 percent more than its original length), without rupture or breakage, and upon release of the applied force, shows little recovery, less than about 20% of its elongation without complete rupture or breakage as measured by EDANA method 20.2-89. In the event such an elongatable material recovers at least 40% of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “elastic” or “elastomeric.” For example, an elastic material that has an initial length of 100 mm can extend at least to 150 mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 130 mm (i.e., exhibiting a 40% recovery). In the event the material recovers less than 40% of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “substantially non-elastic” or “substantially non-elastomeric”. For example, an elongatable material that has an initial length of 100 mm can extend at least to 150 mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 145 mm (i.e., exhibiting a 10% recovery).
“Radial” means a direction running from the center of a drum toward a drum outer circumferential surface.
“Substrate” means a material which is primarily two-dimensional (i.e. in an XY plane) and whose thickness (in a Z direction) is relatively small (i.e. 1/10 or less) in comparison to its length (in an X direction) and width (in a Y direction). Non-limiting examples of substrates include a web, layer or layers or fibrous materials, nonwovens, films and foils such as polymeric films or metallic foils. These materials may be used alone or may comprise two or more layers laminated together. As such, a web is a substrate.
“Nonwoven” means a material made from continuous (long) filaments (fibers) and/or discontinuous (short) filaments (fibers) by processes such as spunbonding, meltblowing, carding, and the like. Nonwovens do not have a woven or knitted filament pattern.
“Machine direction” means the direction of material flow through a process. In addition, relative placement and movement of material can be described as flowing in the machine direction through a process from upstream in the process to downstream in the process.
“Cross machine direction” means a direction that is generally perpendicular to the machine direction.
With continued reference to
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As shown in
The belt-type pant (100) comprising the ring-like elastic belt (104) of the present invention is provided to consumers in a configuration wherein the front waist region (116) and the back waist region (118) are connected to each other as packaged, prior to being applied to the wearer. As such, the belt-type pant (100) may have a continuous perimeter waist opening (110) and continuous perimeter leg openings (112) such as shown in
The central region (106c) of the first elastic belt may be connected with the front waist region (116) of the chassis (102), and the central region (108c) of the back belt (108) may be connected with the back waist region (118) of the chassis (102). As shown in
Referring to
The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may be the same or different material, and selected to provide characteristics such as breathability, softness, cushiony feel, loftiness, and combinations thereof, depending on the desirables of the resulting article. The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have the same or different basis weight, stiffness, texture or any combination thereof. The first and second substrate layer layers (162, 164) may have a basis weight of from about 5 gsm to about 45 gsm, and may be made by processes such as meltblown, spunbond, spunlace, carded or air-laid; and may comprise fibers and/or filaments made of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene phthalate (PET), polylactic acid/polylactide (PLA) or conjugate fibers (such as PE/PET, PE/PP, PE/PLA) as well as natural fibers such as cotton or regenerated cellulosic fibers such as viscose or lyocell. The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may also be a multilayer or composite structure combining nonwovens made by different processes and fibers such as combining spunbond and carded nonwovens. The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may be made by biodegradable material, or derived from renewable resources.
One or both of the first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have a plurality of openings or bondings. While openings and bondings provide various benefits for the wearer such as loft, softness and breathability, such treatment may also provide the substrate layer to have a relatively low Material Breaking Point, according to the measurements herein, for example a Material Breaking Point of less than about 8N, or less than about 7N. When the substrate layer has a relatively low Material Breaking Point, this may lead to the substrate layer giving away when the side seam is torn to open the article after use. Namely, due to the force applied to the side seam to tear open the side seam in the lateral direction of the article, the substrate may rip in this direction. The ring-like elastic belt of the present invention has selected side seam properties to avoid such ripping, even when substrate layers of relatively low Material Breaking Point are used.
One or both of the first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have a plurality of openings. The openings may have an opening rate of from about 5% to about 50%, and an effective opening area of from about 0.1 mm2 to about 25 mm2. The openings may be apertures, slits, or the like. The openings may be apertures having an aspect ratio of less than about 5. The openings may be made by female-male hot pin process, hole punching process, hydroentanglement process using water jets and a screen to create holes, and combinations thereof. The openings may be made by creating a plurality of weakened locations by heat or pressure followed by incremental stretching, causing said nonwoven web to rupture at the weakened locations such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,628,097, all hereby incorporated by reference. Such rupturing method may be particularly useful for nonwovens using spunbonded fibers and meltblown fibers. The openings may be three-dimensional, non-homogenous, unaligned and forming a pattern as disclosed in PCT Publication WO 2016/73712, all hereby incorporated by reference.
One or both of the first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have a plurality of bondings. The bondings may have a bonding area of from about 4% to about 18%, and a bonding area of from about 0.3 mm2 to about 10 mm2. The bondings may be in various shapes, including but not limited to circles, ovals, straight or curved lines, and may be discrete or connected. Bondings may be referred to as embossings or quiltings. Bondings may be made by calendar bonding, optionally aided by air compression. The bondings may be those disclosed in PCT Publication WO 2012/134988, all hereby incorporated by reference.
Non-limiting examples of materials suitable for the first and second substrate layers (162, 164) of the present invention include: 12-30 gsm air-through carded nonwoven substrate made of PE/PET bi-component staple fiber, such as those available from Beijing Dayuan Nonwoven Fabric Co. Ltd. or Xiamen Yanjan New Material Co. Ltd., and 8-30 gsm spun melt nonwoven substrate comprising PP monofilament or PE/PP bi-component fibers, such as those available from Fibertex or Fitesa.
Referring to
Still referring to
Referring to
The side seam of the present invention has a Belt Minimum Peel Strength of at least about 6N/25 mm, or at least about 8N/25 mm, and a Belt Maximum Peel Strength of no more than about 18N/25 mm, according to measurements herein. What is meant by Belt Minimum/Maximum Peel Strength is the average minimum/maximum peel strength among the 4 portions of the seam over a certain number of ring-like elastic belts. Specifically, the strength of a side seam may be represented by 4 (four) unique parts of the 2 (two) seams per ring-like elastic belt, namely the distal (top) edges and proximal (bottom) edges of the opposed longitudinal edges of the left and right seams. These four unique parts may be identified as “top left”, “top right”, “bottom left”, and “bottom right”, and their forces identified as codes FTL, FTR, FBL, and FBR. An average peel strength of each of the four unique parts may be obtained over a certain number of ring-like elastic belts. What is meant by Belt Minimum Peel Strength is the lowest peel strength among the four unique parts. What is meant by Belt Maximum Peel Strength is the highest peel strength among the four unique parts. By controlling the four unique parts to have a seam strength within the required values over a certain number of ring-like elastic belts, a ring-like elastic belt having a seam strength that endures premature tearing during use while also being easy to open after use may be stably manufactured.
The side seam of the present invention has a Top Bottom Difference of no more than about 15%, or no more than about 13%, according to measurements herein. Referring to the peel strengths among the 4 portions of the seam described above, the Top Bottom Difference is obtained as the absolute value of difference between the top forces FTL and FTR compared to the bottom forces FBL and FBR:
|{(FTL+FTR)−(FBL+FBR)}÷(FBL+FBR)|(%)
When the Top Bottom Difference is controlled to a small deviation, the peeling experience from the top to bottom of the seam is perceived smooth and easy.
The side seam of the present invention may also have an Average Peel Strength, wherein the combined first and second substrate layer of the elastic belt has a Material Breaking Point according to measurements herein, wherein the Average Peel Strength is from about 20% to about 50% of the Material Breaking Point. By Average Peel Strength, what is meant is the greatest frequency force when a force distribution is recorded upon opening the side seam. By controlling the difference between the Average Peel Strength and Material Breaking Point as such, the elastic belt may be made of material having favorable tactile sense, while also having robust side seam strength.
The measurements for obtaining the Seam Maximum Peel Strength, the Seam Minimum Peel Strength, the Belt Maximum Peel Strength, the Belt Minimum Peel Strength, the Average Peel Strength and Material Breaking Point, are provided in further detail below.
The present invention is also directed to methods of manufacturing the ring like elastic belt (104) described above, which may be assembled with a chassis (102) to make a belt-type pant article (100). For example,
The converting apparatus (300) shown in
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As discussed below with reference to
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Alternatively or additionally, the present process may provide bonding pressure for more than once to the four layer region, thus compensating for the otherwise lower bonding pressure applied to the four layer region.
The obtained assembly at the stage of
For example, FIG. 6A1 shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a bonder module (334) that may be utilized with the methods and apparatuses herein. As shown in FIG. 6A1, the bonder module (334) may include a seaming drum (364R) and a compressing stage (335) located adjacent the seaming drum (364R). Referring to FIG. 6B1, the seaming drum (364R) may include an outer circumferential surface (376) and adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation (374). The seaming drum (364R) may also include a plurality of seaming stations (348) positioned radially inward from the outer circumferential surface (376) and the drum apertures (366), as in FIG. 6B3. Each seaming station (348) may include a hot air nozzle (378) which directs a jet of the heated air through the drum aperture (366) to at least partially melt the overlap area (362) of the substrates of the continuous front belt (406) and the substrates of the continuous back belt (408). Although the seaming drum (364R) shown in FIG. 6B1 includes six seaming stations (348), the seaming drum (364) may be configured to include more or less than six seaming stations (348). The assembly may be rotated about the seaming drum (364R) in order to provide sufficient time for the melting, such that the melted portion may be compressed to provide the side seam of the resulting article to have continuity of melted material along the substantial entirety of its longitudinal dimension. Referring to FIGS. 6A1 and 6B1, the hot air nozzles (378) may be actively directing heated air only in the active regions (390) of the seaming drum (364R). Referring to FIG. 6A1, the compressing stage (335) may be located shortly after leaving the seaming drum (364R). The compressing stage (335) may comprise one set of an anvil roll (368) and a pressing member (380) that engage with each other. The anvil roll (368) includes an outer circumferential surface (370) and is adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation (372). The pressing member (380) may comprise a pair or projections (422) for engaging with the outer circumferential surface (370) for forming a pair of side seams adjacent each other. By providing a compression stage (335) independent of the seaming drum (364R), the anvil roll (368) and the pressing member (380) may each be adjusted according to the type of assembly to seam. This is advantageous in that assemblies made of various types of substrates and various sizes may be seamed without the need to fabricate the seaming drum (364R). The outer circumferential surface (370) of the anvil roll (368) and the projection (422) of the pressing member (380) to engage with the outer circumferential surface (370) may have configurations for providing varying bonding pressure, which is discussed in detail below.
In other examples, FIGS. 6A2 and 6A3 show schematic side views of a second embodiment and a third embodiment, respectively, of a bonder module (334). Similar to the first embodiment, the second and third embodiments shown in FIGS. 6A2 and 6A3 may include the seaming drum (364R) as in FIG. 6B1, while having a compression stage (335) of different configuration. Referring to FIG. 6A2, the compressing stage (335) may be located shortly after leaving the seaming drum (364R), and the compressing stage (335) may comprise two sets of engaging anvil rolls (368) and pressing members (380). Referring to FIG. 6A3, the compressing stage (335) may be located shortly after leaving the seaming drum (364R), and the compressing stage (335) may comprise one anvil roll (368) which engages with two pressing members (380). By providing a compression stage (335) independent of the seaming drum (364R) and further with more than one compression site, the multiple compression sites in FIGS. 6A2 and 6A3 may be configured to press against different portions of the assembly that may have different caliper or layers of nonwovens, and/or press against some portions more than once. This is also advantageous in that assemblies made of various types of substrates and various sizes may be seamed by changing one or more of the anvil rolls (368) and pressing members (380) without the need to fabricate the seaming drum (364R). The outer circumferential surface (370) of the anvil roll (368) and the projection (422) of the pressing member (380) to engage with the outer circumferential surface (370) may have configurations for providing varying bonding pressure, which is discussed in detail below.
FIG. 6A4 shows a schematic side view of a fourth embodiment of a bonder module (334) that may be utilized with methods and apparatuses which are different from those discussed above. As shown in FIG. 6A4, the bonder module (334) may include a seaming drum (364C) and an anvil roll (368) configured to engage with the pressing member (380) included in the seaming drum (364C), wherein the engagement is configured to happen immediately before leaving the seaming drum (364C), and an additional compressing stage (335). Referring to FIGS. 6B2 and 6B3, the seaming drum (364C) may include an outer circumferential surface (376) and adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation (374) wherein the seaming drum (364C) is equipped with a cam function to enable the seaming station (348) to move radially inward and outward. For example, referring to FIGS. 6A4 and 6B2, the seaming stations (348) may receive the continuous front and back belts (406, 408) when positioned radially inward from the outer circumferential surface (376), and after providing sufficient time for melting in the active regions (390), then move radially outward such that the pressing member (380) may engage with the anvil roll (368) immediately before leaving the seaming drum (364C). The once seamed continuous front and back belts (406, 408) may be sent to the compressing stage (335). The compressing stage (335) may comprise one set of an anvil roll (368) and a pressing member (380) which engage with each other. FIG. 6A5 shows a schematic side view of a fifth embodiment of a bonder module (334). Similar to the fourth embodiment, the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6A5 may include the seaming drum (364C) as in FIG. 6B2, while having compression stages (335) of different configuration. There may be a compressing stage (335) comprising two sets of engaging anvil rolls (368) and pressing members (380). By providing one pressing site within the seaming drum (364C) and another pressing site(s) in the compression stage (335), the multiple compression sites in FIGS. 6A4 and 6A5 may be configured to press against different portions of the substrate that may have different caliper or layers of nonwovens, and/or press against some portions more than once. This is also advantageous in that the assemblies made of various types of substrates and various sizes may be seamed default once within the seaming drum (364C), and further changing one or more of the anvil roll (368) and pressing members (380) to meet further needs of the assembly. The outer circumferential surface (370) of the anvil roll (368) and the projection (422) of the pressing member (380) to engage with the outer circumferential surface (370) may have configurations for providing varying bonding pressure, which is discussed in detail below.
Referring to FIGS. 6A1-6A5, the outer circumferential surface (370) of the anvil roll (368) engaging with the seaming drum (364C) as well as those in the compressing stage (335) may take various configurations for effectively seaming regions having more and less material.
Referring to
Referring to
As previously mentioned above with reference to
Specimen for the measurements hereinbelow are obtained from a finished wearable article sample, or ring-like elastic belt (104) sample, unless otherwise specified. To obtain a belt specimen from a finished wearable article sample, the belt is detached from the chassis (102) by hand.
Specimen are obtained from 6 (six) finished wearable articles from the same area of each article for each set of measurement. Specimen are pre-conditioned in a room maintained at 23±2° C. and 50±5% relative humidity, for at least 2 hours prior to testing. All testing is performed in a room maintained at 23±2° C. and 50±5% relative humidity.
As equipment, MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software with standard tensiometer jaw or equivalent is used.
4 (four) unique seam specimen are obtained from one belt specimen by cutting off the top (distal) edges and bottom (proximal) edges of the opposed longitudinal edges of the left and right seams in a longitudinal dimension (cross machine direction) of 25 mm and a lateral dimension (machine direction) of 50 mm by scissors. Care is taken such that, when an edge of the seam is discontinuous, such discontinuous portion is avoided and the continuous portion of the seam is sampled. Each of the 4 unique seam specimen from one belt specimen are provided identifiable as “top left”, “top right”, “bottom left”, and “bottom right”.
(1) The seam specimen is set such that the lateral direction of the belt matches the vertical direction of the equipment. The seam specimen is clamped between the upper and lower tensiometer jaws as straight as possible without applying pretension.
(2) The elongation measurement is taken from the point where the force curve leaves the zero line.
(3) A constant rate of extension of 460 mm/min is applied.
(4) Pull the seam specimen until the seam is completely separated. Record the peak force (N/25 mm).
(5) For each of the “top left”, “top right”, “bottom left”, and “bottom right” specimen, the average peak force of the 6 values of the 6 seam specimen are obtained and averaged, respectively, wherein each averaged value is named FTL, FTR, FBL, and FBR. The smallest of FTL, FTR, FBL, and FBR is the Belt Minimum Peel Strength, and the greatest of FTL, FTR, FBL, and FBR is the Belt Maximum Peel Strength.
(6) The Top Bottom Difference is obtained as such:
|{(FTL+FTR)−(FBL+FBR)}÷(FBL+FBR)|(%)
As equipment, MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software with standard tensiometer jaw or equivalent is used.
The left and right seam specimen are obtained from one belt specimen by cutting off the left and right seams for the entire longitudinal length of the seam and at a lateral dimension (machine direction) of 50 mm by scissors. The left and right seams are subject to following measurement separately.
(1) The specimen is set such that the lateral direction of the belt matches the vertical direction of the equipment. The distal edge of the specimen is clamped between the upper and lower tensiometer jaws as straight as possible without applying pretension.
(2) A constant rate of extension of 2000 mm/min is applied.
(3) Pull the specimen until the seam is completely separated. The force distribution up to 0.01N preciseness is recorded.
(4) The force (N) of highest frequency, as in
As equipment, MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software with standard tensiometer jaw or equivalent is used. For this measurement, raw material of the first substrate layer (162) and the raw material of the second substrate layer (164) is used. According to how the substrate is planned to be assembled, the substrate is cut in a lateral dimension (machine direction) of 25 mm and longitudinal dimension (cross machine direction) of 50 mm to provide a specimen. Thirty (30) specimens are obtained using different lots of substrate layers, or different regions of substrate layers.
(1) The specimen is set such that the longitudinal direction in which the layers are planned to be introduced to the belt matches the vertical direction of the equipment. The layers are clamped to leave 25 mm initial gauge length. The specimen is clamped between the upper and lower tensiometer jaws as straight as possible without applying pretension.
(2) A constant rate of extension of 2000 mm/min is applied.
(3) Pull the specimen until the specimen is completely broken. The force distribution up to 0.01N preciseness is recorded.
(4) The force (N) of highest frequency, as in
Examples 1-5 as identified in Table 1 below, were subject to various measurements and in-use tests. Examples 1-3 were marketed products manufactured not according to manufacturing methods of the present invention. Examples 4-5 were manufactured according to manufacturing methods of the present invention. All Examples were made by very similar raw materials and elastic profiles, which were within the manufacturer's specifications.
The Examples were subject to the measurements detailed above for obtaining the Belt Minimum Peel Strength, Belt Maximum Peel Strength, Top Bottom Difference, and recorded in Table 1 below. Further, the Examples were subject to an in-use test detailed below.
30 panelists (10 panelists each in the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom) who were caregivers of babies of 6-48 months in age and 9-14 kg in weight, and being a pant product user, with mixture of boy/girl babies, were provided enough test products. Each panelist used test products and tore the side seam according to their usual habit. Most of the time, the baby wearer was standing while tear opening the side seam.
The panelists were requested to observe if there was any horizontal tearing during the opening. By horizontal tearing, what is meant is the phenomena of the tearing line sidetracking in a direction away from the side seam, and rather ripping the elastic belt. Horizontal tearing includes various directions of tearing, not necessarily horizontal, so long as the side seam tearing is sidetracked or derailed. The incident of horizonal tearing is recorded by the panelist.
Examples 1-3 within product specifications at the time of manufacture provided side seams of various peel strength depending on the manufacturing site and/or lot, namely, stable side seam quality could not be obtained. Due to such unstable quality, there were significant differences in incident of horizontal tearing, leading to low consumer acceptance.
Examples 4-5 manufactured according to the method of the present invention provided more stable side seam quality. Examples 4-5 according to the present invention had the same product specifications as Examples 1-3 except Belt Minimum Peel Strength, Belt Maximum Peel Strength, and Top Bottom Difference. Further, there were significantly less incidents of horizontal tearing in the in-use test for Examples 4-5. The parameters of the present invention provide a good predictability of consumer acceptance.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm” Further, every numerical range given throughout this specification includes every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range.
Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
This application is a continuation, under 35 USC 120, of PCT Application No. PCT/CN2019/085429, filed on May 3, 2019, and this application is a continuation-in-part, under 35 USC 120, of PCT Application No. PCT/CN2018/107276, filed on Sep. 25, 2018, both of which are incorporated by reference herein.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2019/085429 | May 2019 | US |
| Child | 17181020 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2018/107276 | Sep 2018 | US |
| Child | PCT/CN2019/085429 | US |
