Patent Application
20220381809
The technology disclosed herein belongs to a technological field related to a ring-shaped power supply system in which power supply hubs are connected in a ring through a power supply wire.
In recent years, motorization of in-vehicle equipment is prominent: a number of electronic devices are placed in a vehicle. With this situation, the configuration of power supply to such electronic devices has been examined.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an in-vehicle communication system in which a gateway ECU for relaying communications between ECUs in different networks is provided, and only a network including a target ECU to which sending is to be started first after all networks go into sleep mode is waken up.
Patent Document 2 discloses a technology of connecting, in a ring, power supply hard wires that connect a battery and loads mounted in a vehicle.
PATENT DOCUMENT 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-201740
PATENT DOCUMENT 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-98783
Power supply hard wires for in-vehicle equipment are presently routed radially from a power source (e.g., a relay box) so as to be roughly in line with communication harnesses. Also, various sensors such as cameras and radars are placed on the periphery of a vehicle to realize monitoring of the surroundings of the vehicle and automatic driving. As a result, the configuration of the power system becomes complicated, and the total length of the power supply hard wires becomes very large, causing a possibility of increasing the power consumption itself due to an influence of the power feed line resistance, etc.
To solve the above problem, there is a method in which a ring-shaped power supply hard wire is provided to extend around a vehicle as viewed in plan, and power supply hubs are provided on this power supply hard wire at predetermined spacings, as exemplified in FIG. 3 of Patent Document 2. An actuator is connected to each of the power supply hubs. In this way, by supplying power to the actuators through the power supply hubs, the total length of power supply wires can be drastically shortened.
By connecting power supply hard wires in a ring, however, there arises an issue about the means for shutting off the current in case that a portion of the wires in a ring has broken.
In consideration of the above issue, an objective of the technology disclosed herein is providing a current shutoff means in case that part of a route of a ring-shaped power supply wire has broken.
To solve the above problem, according to the technology disclosed herein, a ring-shaped power supply system, in which a vehicle is divided into a plurality of zones, a power supply hub for connecting an electronic device is provided in each of the zones, and the power supply hubs in the zones are connected in a ring through a ring-shaped power supply wire, includes: a plurality of relays provided apart from each other on the ring-shaped power supply wire; a plurality of detectors, each provided between ones of the relays, for detecting an electrical change caused by a break when such a break has occurred in the ring-shaped power supply wire; and an arithmetic processor that localizes a point of the break in the ring-shaped power supply wire based on electrical changes detected by the plurality of detectors and cuts off ones of the relays located on both sides of the break point.
According to the above configuration, the vehicle is divided into a plurality of zones, a power supply hub for connecting an electronic device is provided in each of the zones, and such power supply hubs are connected in a ring through a ring-shaped power supply wire. With this, the total route length of power feed lines can be drastically shortened, whereby power consumption caused by the electric resistance of the power feed lines can be made as small as possible.
Further, relays are provided apart from each other on the ring-shaped power supply wire, and detectors are provided between the relays for detecting an electrical change caused by a break when such a break has occurred in the ring-shaped power supply wire.
With the above configuration, power supply from a battery can be continued for the power feed lines other than the disconnected portion. That is, as described above, it is possible to achieve both simplifying the power system by use of the ring-shaped power supply wire thereby drastically shortening the total power route length, and taking measures against a break in the ring-shaped power supply wire.
In the ring-shaped power supply system described above, the detectors may be measuring devices that measure at least one of the current, the voltage, and the magnetic flux at their installed positions, and the arithmetic processor may localize the break point in the ring-shaped power supply wire based on changes in measured values measured by the measuring devices.
The ring-shaped power supply system described above may have a database that stores waveforms indicating changes in measured values for localizing a break point, and the arithmetic processor may localize the break point in the ring-shaped power supply wire by comparing the measured values measured by the measuring devices with the database.
According to the above configurations, the break point can be localized with a comparatively simple configuration without complicate computation. Also, since the break point can be localized by simple processing of whether a match or a mismatch in comparison with the database, this localization can be done in an extremely short time without the need to perform complicate computation for localizing the break point.
In the ring-shaped power supply system described above, the electronic devices may be configured to receive power through branch wires branched from the ring-shaped power supply wire, electronic devices complementary to each other may be connected to different branch wires from each other, and the relays may be provided at least at positions where connection between the branch wires connected to the electronic devices complementary to each other can be cut off.
With the above configuration, when there are a plurality of components implementing similar functions to secure the redundancy of functions, etc., it is possible to ensure that power supply to these components will not be shut off simultaneously.
The electronic devices may be configured to receive power through branch wires branched from the ring-shaped power supply wire, and the relays may be provided on both sides of each of the branch wires.
With the above configuration, power supply can be shut off for each branch wire.
As described above, according to the technology disclosed herein, it is possible to achieve both simplifying the power system by use of the ring-shaped power supply wire thereby drastically shortening the total power route length, and taking measures against a break in the ring-shaped power supply wire.
Illustrative embodiments will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the power system in Embodiment 1, the vehicle 1 is divided into a plurality of zones (six zones in Embodiment 1), each of which is provided with a power supply hub HB for connecting electronic devices D. In the following description, the power supply hub HB placed in a left front zone located left in the front of the vehicle 1 is called a first power supply hub HB1, the power supply hub HB placed in a left side zone located near the left front side door of the vehicle 1 is called a second power supply hub HB2, and the power supply hub HB placed in a left rear zone located left in the rear of the vehicle 1 is called a third power supply hub HB3, in some cases. Likewise, the power supply hub HB placed in a right front zone located right in the front of the vehicle 1 is called a fourth power supply hub HB4, the power supply hub HB placed in a right side zone located near the right front side door of the vehicle 1 is called a fifth power supply hub HB5, and the power supply hub HB placed in a right rear zone located right in the rear of the vehicle 1 is called a sixth power supply hub HB6, in some cases. When the power supply hubs HB1 to HB6 are referred to with no distinction among them, they are simply called the power supply hubs HB. Note that, when the number of zones is increased or decreased, the number of power supply hubs HB will be increased or decreased accordingly.
The power supply hubs HB are placed on the way of a power supply route between a main battery Bm (indicated as BA-M in the figure) and the electronic devices D. Each of the power supply hubs HB is connected with the main battery Bm or a nearby power supply hub HB through a single main power feed line ML. Specifically, the first power supply hub HB1 is connected with the main battery Bm through a main power feed line ML1. The second power supply hub HB2 is connected with the first power supply hub HB1 through a main power feed line ML2. The third power supply hub HB3 is connected with the second power supply hub HB2 through a main power feed line ML3. The fourth power supply hub HB4 is connected with the main battery Bm through a main power feed line ML4. The fifth power supply hub HB5 is connected with the fourth power supply hub HB4 through a main power feed line ML5. The sixth power supply hub HB6 is connected with the fifth power supply hub HB5 through a main power feed line ML6. Also, the third power supply hub HB3 and the sixth power supply hub HB6 are mutually connected through a main power feed line ML7. In this way, a ring-shaped power supply route extending around the vehicle as viewed in plan is formed by the main battery Bm and the power supply hubs HB1 to HB6. With this, power supplied from the main battery Bm is supplied to the power supply hubs HB through the main power feed lines ML, and then supplied from the power supply hubs HB to the electronic devices D. The main power feed lines ML are an example of the ring-shaped power supply wire. The configuration of the power supply wires constituting the main power feed lines ML is not particularly limited. For example, so-called power supply hard wires are used.
Further, a spare battery Bs (indicated as BA-S in the figure) for supplying power in cases such as when power supply from the main battery Bm stops is connected to the main power feed lines ML at a position apart from the main battery Bm. The spare battery Bs is connected to the main power feed lines ML via a semiconductor relay RL7, and this connection to the main power feed lines ML is cut off during normal operation. In the example in
The electronic devices D include electronic devices to which power can be supplied from the main battery Bm at all times and electronic devices to which power supply from the main battery Bm is permitted through an operation by an occupant of the vehicle 1. In the following description, an electronic device to which power can be supplied from a battery at all times is called an all-time power supply electronic device D. An electronic device to which power supply from the main battery Bm is permitted through an operation by an occupant of the vehicle 1 and of which power consumption is comparatively small is called an accessory electronic device D. Also, an electronic device to which power supply from the main battery Bm is permitted through an operation by an occupant of the vehicle 1 and of which power consumption is comparatively large is called an ignition electronic device D. When the above electronic devices D are referred to with no distinction among them, they are simply called the electronic devices D.
The all-time power supply electronic devices D include, for example, keyless devices D21 and D51, a front monitoring camera device D15, burglar monitoring camera devices D12 and D42, a meter D25, a burglar alarm device D54, and brake lights D31. The accessory electronic devices D, which are electronic devices assumed to be used irrespective of ON/OFF of the engine of the vehicle 1, include, for example, head lights D11 and D41, electronic mirrors D22 and D52, and audio devices D33 and D63. The ignition electronic devices D, which are electronic devices basically assumed to be used when the engine of the vehicle 1 is ON although it can also be used when the engine is OFF, include, for example, an air conditioner D24, an electric power steering device D55, and electric power windows D23 and D53. Note that the electronic devices D refer to a concept including sensors, actuators, ECUs for controlling the actuators, etc., for actuating the above devices.
Power from the main battery Bm is supplied to each of the power supply hubs HB basically through a shorter power supply route. In cases such as when a portion of the main power feed lines ML has broken, however, power is supplied through another power supply route. For example, power is basically supplied to the second power supply hub HB2 from the main battery Bm via the first power supply hub HB1. When the main power feed line between the first power supply hub HB1 and the second power supply hub HB2 has broken, however, power is supplied from the main battery Bm via the fourth power supply hub HB4, the fifth power supply hub HB5, the sixth power supply hub HB6, and the third power supply hub HB3.
Each of the power supply hubs HB is placed near any of the all-time power supply electronic devices D1 in the vehicle 1. The power supply hubs HB is connected with any of the all-time power supply electronic devices D1, the accessory electronic devices D2, and the ignition electronic devices D3 located nearby through power feed lines.
The main power feed lines ML and the power feed lines connecting the electronic devices with the main power feed lines ML can be any electric lines as far as the lines can supply power therethrough. For example, they are constituted by wire harnesses.
Each of the power supply hubs HB is connected with a zone ECU 20 provided for each zone. Specifically, a zone ECU 201 is connected to the power supply hub HB1, a zone ECU 202 is connected to the power supply hub HB2, a zone ECU 203 is connected to the power supply hub HB3, a zone ECU 204 is connected to the power supply hub HB4, a zone ECU 205 is connected to the power supply hub HB5, and a zone ECU 206 is connected to the power supply hub HB6. When the zone ECUs 201 to 206 are referred to with no distinction among them, they are simply called the zone ECUs 20.
The zone ECUs 20 are each configured to receive a control signal from a central arithmetic unit 30 that controls the entire of the vehicle 1. The central arithmetic unit 30 and the zone ECUs 20 are mutually connected through communication wiring (not shown).
The central arithmetic unit 30 includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a module that is software executable by the processor. The functions of the central arithmetic unit 30 are implemented by the processor executing the module stored in the memory. Data in a database to be described later is also stored in the memory. A plurality of such processors and memories may be provided. The functions of the central arithmetic unit 30 may be partly implemented by a hardware circuit.
The central arithmetic unit 30 sets the electronic devices D to be actuated according to the scene of the vehicle 1. Receiving a control signal from the central arithmetic unit 30, the zone ECUs 20 each output a control signal related to supply/shutoff of power to the electronic devices D to the corresponding power supply hub HB (strictly speaking, to a controller of a power supply IC to be described later). The zone ECUs 20 also have a function of managing and controlling the electronic devices D. For example, the zone ECUs 20 receive detection results from various sensors (such as a vehicle speed sensor and a vehicle interior temperature sensor) to use them for processing inside the units or send information to the central arithmetic unit 30.
A power supply IC 4 is incorporated in each of the power supply hubs HB. The power supply ICs 4 are electrically connected with the main battery Bm through the main power feed lines ML. Specifically, a power supply IC 41 is incorporated in the power supply hub HB1, a power supply IC 42 is incorporated in the power supply hub HB2, a power supply IC 43 is incorporated in the power supply hub HB3, a power supply IC 44 is incorporated in the power supply hub HB4, a power supply IC 45 is incorporated in the power supply hub HB5, and a power supply IC 46 is incorporated in the power supply hub HB6. When the power supply ICs 41 to 46 are referred to with no distinction among them, they are simply called the power supply ICs 4. Power supplied from the main battery Bm is supplied, via the power supply ICs 4, to the electronic devices D connected to the power supply ICs 4.
The power supply ICs 4 each include a semiconductor relay RL provided on the main power feed lines ML for performing conduction/shutoff of power. Specifically, the power supply IC 41 includes a semiconductor relay RL1 provided between the main power feed line ML1 and the main power feed line ML2. The power supply IC 42 includes a semiconductor relay RL2 provided between the main power feed line ML2 and the main power feed line ML3. The power supply IC 43 includes a semiconductor relay RL3 provided between the main power feed line ML3 and the main power feed line ML7. The power supply IC 44 includes a semiconductor relay RL4 provided between the main power feed line ML4 and the main power feed line ML5. The power supply IC 45 includes a semiconductor relay RL5 provided between the main power feed line ML5 and the main power feed line ML6. The power supply IC 46 includes a semiconductor relay RL6 provided between the main power feed line ML6 and the main power feed line ML7. Also, the power supply ICs 4 each include a controller 49 that, receiving a control signal from the zone ECU 20, for setting supply/shutoff of power to the electronic devices D, controls connection (ON)/disconnection (OFF) of the electronic devices D to the power source. Note that, although the same reference character 49 is given to the controllers of the power supply ICs 41 to 46 for the sake of convenience, this does not necessarily mean that the controllers 49 of the power supply ICs 41 to 46 have the same configuration, but the controllers 49 may have different configurations from one another.
As shown in
The detectors 5 are provided at positions apart from one another on the main power feed lines ML. Specifically, the detectors 5 are provided between the adjacent relays.
The positions where to place the semiconductor relays RL and the detectors 5 are not particularly limited. However, when there are a plurality of components implementing similar functions to secure the redundancy of functions, etc., they are placed so that power supply to these components will not be shut off simultaneously. Specifically, as shown in
In the above case, the semiconductor relays RL are provided at least at positions where the power supply routes between the second power supply hub HB2 and the fifth power supply hub HB5 can be separated from each other. Specifically, the semiconductor relays RL are provided on any one of the main power feed lines ML2, ML1, ML4, and ML5 that are a clockwise power supply route from the second power supply hub HB2 as viewed in
The detection results from the detectors 51 to 57 are gathered in the central arithmetic unit 30. If a break occurs in the main power feed lines ML, the central arithmetic unit 30 localizes the break point in the main power feed lines ML based on the detection results from the detectors 51 to 57, as will be described later in detail. The method of localizing a break point by the central arithmetic unit 30 (the method of detecting a temporal change in current value) is not particularly limited. As an example, however, the central arithmetic unit 30 may observe the voltage waveforms of the detectors 5 and, referring to a database of waveform changes stored in advance in the memory, compare the detection results with the waveforms in the database, thereby localizing the break point. Otherwise, localization of a break point may be implemented by a hardware circuit. For example, localization can be implemented by a circuit in which the measured current results of the detectors 5 are input into comparators configured to invert the output when the input exceeds a predetermined current value and one inverted earliest among the outputs of the comparators is flagged. The database may be stored in a place other than the memory of the central arithmetic unit 30.
Further, once having localized the break point in the main power feed lines ML, the central arithmetic unit 30 cuts off the semiconductor relays RL located on both sides of the detector 5 that has detected the break in the main power feed lines ML. The method of cutting off the semiconductor relays RL by the central arithmetic unit 30 is not particularly limited. As an example, the semiconductor relays RL may be turned ON/OFF by the central arithmetic unit 30 by way of the controllers 49 of the power supply ICs 4 provided in the power supply hubs HB as shown in
Also, as shown in
The power supply hubs HB may also be used as hubs for formation of a communication network inside the vehicle 1. In the example of
As shown in
Next, the operation performed when a portion of the main power feed lines ML (the ring-shaped power supply wire) has broken will be described. In this embodiment, as shown in
When the main power feed line ML5 is grounded, the current values measured by all the detectors 5 sharply increase as the main power feed lines ML are connected in a ring. By this increase, the central arithmetic unit 30 detects that a break (grounding) has occurred in the main power feed lines ML. Further, in observation of the temporal changes in current, the currents at the detectors 5 sharply change sequentially starting from the detector closest to the break point. The central arithmetic unit 30, monitoring the temporal changes in current values at the detectors 5, for example, determines that a break has occurred near the detector 5 at which a sharp change in current value has occurred first (the detector 55 in the illustrated example).
Once localizing the break point in the main power feed lines ML to be the vicinity of the detector 55, the central arithmetic unit 30 cuts off the semiconductor relays RL located on both sides of the break point. In the illustrated example, the central arithmetic unit 30 cuts off the semiconductor relay RL4 of the fourth power supply hub HB4 and the semiconductor relay RL5 of the fifth power supply hub HB5, which are the semiconductor relays RL located on both sides of the detector 55. With this, the main power feed line ML5 can be separated from the main power feed lines ML1 to ML4, ML6, and ML7 connected to the main battery Bm.
In
In the case of mounting a plurality of electronic devices D in the vehicle 1 as in Embodiment 1, the main battery Bm and the electronic devices D were conventionally connected through a plurality of wires and relays. Therefore, conventionally, as the number of electronic devices D increased, the power system of the vehicle became more complicated.
In contrast to the above, according to Embodiment 1, the vehicle is divided into a plurality of zones, each of which is provided with the power supply hub HB for connecting electronic devices, and the main battery Bm and the power supply hubs HB are connected through the ring-shaped main power feed lines ML. With this, the configuration of the power system can be simplified. Further, in comparison with the case of directly connecting the main battery Bm with the electronic devices D, the power feed lines can be shortened, whereby power consumption due to the electric resistance of the power feed lines can be made as small as possible.
Moreover, the semiconductor relays RL are provided apart from one another on the main power feed lines ML, and the detectors 5 are provided between the semiconductor relays RL for detecting an electrical change caused by a break when such a break has occurred in the main power feed lines ML. Based on the electrical changes detected by the detectors 5, the central arithmetic unit 30 localizes the break point in the main power feed lines ML and cuts off the semiconductor relays RL located on both sides of the break point.
With the above configuration, power supply from the main battery can be continued for the main power feed lines ML other than the disconnected portion. That is, as described above, it is possible to achieve both simplifying the configuration of the power system by placing the main power feed lines ML in a ring thereby drastically shortening the total power route length, and taking measures against a break in the main power feed lines ML.
Embodiment 2 will be described hereinafter in detail with reference to the relevant drawing. Note that components in common with Embodiment 1 will be denoted by the same reference characters, and detailed description of such components will be omitted.
In an in-vehicle network according to Embodiment 2, the method of supplying power from the spare battery Bs is different from that in Embodiment 1. Specifically, as shown in
While the technology disclosed herein has been described in terms of the embodiments described above, it is to be understood that various changes and alterations may be made without departing from the spirit of the appended claims. It is also to be understood that the embodiments described above are mere illustrations and the scope of the present disclosure should not be construed restrictively. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims, and alterations and changes that fall within equivalent bounds of the claims are all within the scope of the present disclosure.
The technology disclosed herein is useful as an in-vehicle network system for a vehicle having a plurality of electronic devices actuated with power supplied from a battery.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-133116 | Jul 2019 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2020/026689 | 7/8/2020 | WO |
