Patent Application
20100325812
The instant disclosure relates to rinse-added fabric care compositions comprising aminosilicone, and methods of making and using same.
In the field of consumer fabric care products, the delivery of scent and the associated “freshness” of a treated garment is important to the consumer. One means of delivering scent is via the use of perfume microcapsules, or “PMCs.” PMCs encapsulate perfume ingredients and provide a delayed release of scent under certain conditions. During treatment of a fabric during a wash or rinse cycle, PMCs deposit on the fabric fiber, such deposition generally being facilitated by use of a deposition aid. The delivery of scent, or freshness, to the consumer, occurs when the PMCs rupture, for example, upon friction. This can occur while the fabric is worn, or during other routine contact by the consumer. However, the use of PMCs may be compromised under two circumstances. First, if the PMCs do not properly deposit on the fabric, the freshness effect may not be properly achieved. Second, the PMCs may rupture prematurely. For example, during the drying process, if the fabrics become too dry and the fabric becomes stiff, deposited PMCs may be prone to breakage. As a result, the perfume is released during the drying process, and the consumer does not experience the freshness benefit.
Secondly, it is generally known that aminosilicones can produce discoloration of the fabrics and fabric care compositions. It is generally believed that this discoloration is caused by oxidation of amine groups. The inventors have found that aminosilicones can react with adjunct materials comprising an aldehyde or ketone groups to discolor the composition. In many instances these materials comprising aldehyde or ketone groups are perfume components. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that these ingredients react with the aminosilicone to form an imine. Accordingly, there remains a need in the art for improved perfume delivery systems, particularly with respect to delivery systems utilizing microcapsules. The instant disclosure addresses one or more of the aforementioned problems in the art.
The instant disclosure relates to rinse-added fabric care compositions comprising aminosilicone, and methods of making and using the same.
In a first embodiments, the present disclosure provides a rinse added composition comprising
[R1R2R3SiO1/2]n[(R4Si(X—Z)O2/2]k[R4R4SiO2/2[m]R4SiO3/2]j (Formula I)
In a second embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method of providing a benefit to a fabric comprising the step of contacting a composition according to the various embodiments described herein in a rinse cycle of an automatic laundry machine. Still other embodiments provide for articles comprising a composition according to the various embodiments described herein.
As used herein, the term “fabric care and/or treatment composition” includes products for treating fabrics or other surfaces in the area of fabric and home care, and includes granular or powder-form all-purpose or “heavy-duty” washing agents, including cleaning detergents; liquid, gel or paste-form all-purpose washing agents; liquid fine-fabric detergents; hand dishwashing agents or light duty dishwashing agents, including those of the high-foaming type; rinse-added agents, liquid cleaning and disinfecting agents, fabric conditioning products including fabric conditioning products including softening and/or freshening that may be in liquid, solid and/or dryer sheet form; as well as cleaning auxiliaries such as bleach additives and “stain-stick” or pre-treat types, substrate-laden products such as dryer added sheets, dry and wetted wipes and pads, nonwoven substrates, and sponges; as well as sprays and mists. All of such products may be in standard, concentrated or even highly concentrated form even to the extent that such products may in certain aspect be non-aqueous.
As used herein, articles such as “a” and “an” when used in a claim, are understood to mean one or more of what is claimed or described.
As used herein, the terms “include”, “includes” and “including” are meant to be non-limiting.
As used herein, the term “additive” means a composition or material that may be used separately from (but including before, after, or simultaneously with) the detergent during a laundering process to impart a benefit to the treated textile.
As used herein, the term “amine equivalent” refers to the amount of amine present in an aminosilicone, as determined using the method disclosed herein.
The term “cationic polymer” refers to a polymer having a net cationic charge. Polymers containing amine groups or other protonable groups are included in the term “cationic polymers,” wherein the polymer is protonated at the pH of the intended use.
As used herein, the term “fluid” includes liquid, gel, paste and gas product forms.
As used herein, “substantially free of” a component means that no amount of that component is deliberately incorporated into the composition.
As used herein, the term “external” structurant means a material which has as its primary function that of providing rheological alteration, such as to increase viscosity of a fluid such as a liquid or gel or paste. External structurants may or may not, in and of themselves, provide any significant fabric cleaning or fabric care benefit.
“Liquid composition” as used herein, refers to compositions that are in a form selected from the group of: “pourable liquid”; “gel”; “cream”; and combinations thereof.
“Pourable liquid” as defined herein refers to a liquid having a viscosity of less than about 2000 mPa*s at 25° C. and a shear rate of 20 sec−1. In some embodiments, the viscosity of the pourable liquid may be in the range of from about 200 to about 1000 mPa*s at 25° C. at a shear rate of 20 sec−1. In some embodiments, the viscosity of the pourable liquid may be in the range of from about 200 to about 500 mPa*s at 25° C. at a shear rate of 20 sec−1. The viscosity may be measured using conventional methods. For example, viscosity may be measured using a TA Instruments AR1000 cone and plate viscometer, manufactured by TA Instruments (New Castle, Del.), using manufacturer-suggested operating conditions at 25° C.
“Gel” as defined herein refers to a transparent or translucent liquid having a viscosity of greater than about 2000 mPa*s at 25° C. and at a shear rate of 20 sec−1. In some embodiments, the viscosity of the gel may be in the range of from about 3000 to about 10,000 mPa*s at 25° C. at a shear rate of 20 sec−1 and greater than about 5000 mPa*s at 25° C. at a shear rate of 0.1 sec−1.
“Cream” and “paste” are used interchangeably and as defined herein refer to opaque liquid compositions having a viscosity of greater than about 2000 mPa*s at 25° C. and a shear rate of 20 sec−1. In some embodiments, the viscosity of the cream may be in the range of from about 3000 to about 10,000 mPa*s at 25° C. at a shear rate of 20 sec−1, or greater than about 5000 mPa*s at 25° C. at a shear rate of 0.1 sec−1.
As used herein, an “effective amount” of a material or composition means the amount needed to accomplish an intended purpose, for example, to impart a desired level of fabric care benefit to a substrate.
As used herein, the term “perfume microcapsule” is used herein in the broadest sense to include a perfume core that is encapsulated by a shell. Unless indicated otherwise, the term “nanocapsule” is within the scope of the term “microcapsule.”
As used herein, the term “perfume” means any odoriferous material or any material which acts as a malodor counteractant. Non-limiting examples of a perfume are described in published USPA No. 2003-0104969 A1, paragraphs 46-81.
As used herein, the term “polymer” includes homopolymer, copolymer or terpolymer and polymers with 4 or more type of monomers.
As used herein, the term “diluent” means an inert material used to dilute a perfume that is encapsulated. Examples of diluents include isopropyl myristate, propylene glycol, poly(ethylene glycol), or mixtures thereof.
As used herein, the term “situs” includes paper products, fabrics, garments, hard surfaces, hair and skin.
Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels are in reference to the active portion of that component or composition, and are exclusive of impurities, for example, residual solvents or by-products, which may be present in commercially available sources of such components or compositions.
All percentages and ratios are calculated by weight unless otherwise indicated. All percentages and ratios are calculated based on the total composition unless otherwise indicated.
It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation given throughout this specification includes every lower numerical limitation, as if such lower numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given throughout this specification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if such higher numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given throughout this specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.
Applicants recognized that the fabric care and/or treatment composition disclosed herein address one or more of the problems described above associated with the use of microcapsules. In particular, Applicants recognized that the disclosed compositions comprising specific aminosilicones provide improved release of care actives, such as perfumes, from microcapsules, resulting in improved freshness effect on treated fabrics. One of skill in the art will appreciate that this benefit extends to the encapsulation of other agents, and is not necessarily limited to perfume ingredients.
Without being bound by theory, Applicants believe that the improved release properties occur via two possible mechanisms: the disclosed aminosilicones either 1) act to coat microcapsules, creating a physical complex having improved adhesion characteristics and improved deposition, or, 2) deposit on fabrics and prevent the fabrics from becoming stiff during the drying process—in turn, the deposited microcapsules are less prone to breakage that would ordinarily result from interaction with the stiff fabrics.
Finally, in certain embodiments the discoloration of the product can be avoided by encapsulating the materials comprising aldehydes and ketones in the microcapsule such that they are physically separated from the aminosilicone.
Fabric care and/or treatment compositions comprising an aminosilicone, a deposition aid, a microcapsule, and a fabric softening active are disclosed. Said compositions may be in the form of a fluid, and in some aspects, are rinse-added compositions. Said compositions may further be in the form of an additive.
In one aspect, the fabric care and/or treatment composition may comprise from about 0.1% to about 10%, from about 0.5% to about 6% or from about 1% to about 3% by weight of the aminosilicone having the structure of Formula I:
[R1R2R3SiO1/2]n[(R4Si(X—Z)O2/2]k[R4R4SiO2/2[m]R4SiO3/2]j (Formula I)
wherein
As used herein, the nomenclature SiO“n”/2 represents the ratio of oxygen and silicon atoms. For example, SiO112 means that one oxygen is shared between two Si atoms. Likewise SiO2/2 means that two oxygen atoms are shared between two Si atoms and SiO3/2 means that three oxygen atoms are shared are shared between two Si atoms.
In another aspect, the aminosilicone may have an amine equivalent of from about 500 g/mol to about 20,000 g/mol, or from about 1000 g/mol to about 3000 g/mol. In other embodiments, the aminosilicone may have an amine equivalent of from about 2000 g/mol to about 30,000 g/mol or from about 3000 g/mol to about 25,000 g/mole
In one aspect, at least about 70%, or at least about 80%, or at least about 90% of the aminosilicone has a particle size of from about 0.010 microns to about 5 microns, or from about 0.05 microns to about 2 microns.
In one aspect, the fabric care and/or treatment composition may comprise from about 0.01% to about 10%, or from about 0.05 to about 5%, or from about 0.1 to about 3% of a deposition aid. Suitable deposition aids are disclosed in, for example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/080,358.
In one aspect, the one or more deposition aids may be a cationic or amphoteric polymer.
In one aspect, the one or more deposition aids may be a cationic polymer. Cationic polymers in general and their method of manufacture are known in the literature. In one aspect, the deposition aid may comprise a cationic polymer having a cationic charge density of from about 0.1 milliequivalents/g to about 23 milliequivalents/g (meq/g) from about 0.1 meq/g to about 12 meq/g, or from about 0.5 meq/g to about 7 meq/g, at the pH of intended use of the composition. For amine-containing polymers, wherein the charge density depends on the pH of the composition, charge density is measured at the pH of the intended use of the product. Such pH will generally range from about 2 to about 11, more generally from about 2.5 to about 9.5. Charge density is calculated by dividing the number of net charges per repeating unit by the molecular weight of the repeating unit. The positive charges may be located on the backbone of the polymers and/or the side chains of polymers. For example, for the copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride with a monomer feed ratio of 70:30, the charge density of the feed monomers is about 3.05 meq/g. However, if only 50% of diallyldimethylammonium is polymerized, the polymer charge density is only about 1.6 meq/g. The polymer charge density is measured by dialyzing the polymer with a dialysis membrane or by NMR. For polymers with amine monomers, the charge density depends on the pH of the carrier. For these polymers, charge density is measured at a pH of 7.
In one aspect, the cleaning and/or treatment composition may comprise an amphoteric deposition aid polymer so long as the polymer possesses a net positive charge. Said polymer may have a cationic charge density of from about 0.05 milliequivalents/g to about 12 milliequivalents/g.
Suitable polymers may be selected from the group consisting of cationic or amphoteric polysaccharide, polyethylene imine and its derivatives, and a synthetic polymer made by polymerizing one or more cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, N,N-dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide, quaternized N,N dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate quaternized N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, quaternized N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, quaternized N,N-dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide, Methacryloamidopropyl-pentamethyl-1,3-propylene-2-ol-ammonium dichloride, N,N,N,N′,N′,N″,N″-heptamethyl-N″-3-(1-oxo-2-methyl-2-propenyl)aminopropyl-9-oxo-8-azo-decane-1,4,10-triammonium trichloride, vinylamine and its derivatives, allylamine and its derivatives, vinyl imidazole, quaternized vinyl imidazole and diallyl dialkyl ammonium chloride and combinations thereof, and optionally a second monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, N,N-dialkyl acrylamide, methacrylamide, N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, C1-C12 alkyl acrylate, C1-C12 hydroxyalkyl acrylate, polyalkylene glycol acrylate, C1-C12 alkyl methacrylate, C1-C12 hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, polyalkylene glycol methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, vinyl formamide, vinyl acetamide, vinyl alkyl ether, vinyl pyridine, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl imidazole, vinyl caprolactam, and derivatives, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, acrylamidopropylmethane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and their salts. The polymer may optionally be branched or cross-linked by using branching and crosslinking monomers. Branching and crosslinking monomers include ethylene glycoldiacrylate divinylbenzene, and butadiene. A suitable polyethyleneinine useful herein is that sold under the tradename Lupasol® by BASF, AG, Lugwigshafen, Germany
In another aspect, the deposition aid may be selected from the group consisting of cationic polysaccharide, polyethylene imine and its derivatives, poly(acrylamide-co-diallyldimethylammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate) and its quaternized derivatives, poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) and its quaternized derivative, poly(hydroxyethylacrylate-co-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate), poly(hydroxpropylacrylate-co-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate), poly(hydroxpropylacrylate-co-methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-co-diallyldimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid), poly(acrylamide-methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid), poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride), poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate-co-quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate-co-oleyl methacrylate-co-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate), poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-quaternized vinyl imidazole) and poly(acrylamide-co-Methacryloamidopropyl-pentamethyl-1,3-propylene-2-ol-ammonium dichloride), Suitable deposition aids include Polyquaternium-1, Polyquaternium-5, Polyquaternium-6, Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium-8, Polyquaternium-11, Polyquaternium-14, Polyquaternium-22, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-30, Polyquaternium-32 and Polyquaternium-33, as named under the International Nomenclature for Cosmetic Ingredients.
In one aspect, the deposition aid may comprise polyethyleneimine or a polyethyleneimine derivative. In another aspect, the deposition aid comprises a cationic acrylic based polymer. In another aspect, the deposition aid may comprise a cationic polyacrylamide. In another aspect, the deposition aid may comprise a polymer comprising polyacrylamide and polymethacrylamidoproply trimethylammonium cation. In another aspect, the deposition aid may comprise poly(acrylamide-N-dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate) and its quaternized derivatives. In this aspect, the deposition aid may be that sold under the tradename Sedipur®, available from BTC Specialty Chemicals, a BASF Group, Florham Park, N.J. In another aspect, the deposition aid may comprise poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride). In another aspect, the deposition aid is a non-acrylamide based polymer, such as that sold under the tradename Rheovis® CDE, available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, a BASF group, Florham Park, N.J., or as disclosed in published USPA 2006/0252668.
In another aspect, the cleaning and/or treatment composition may comprise a deposition aid selected from the group consisting of cationic or amphoteric polysaccharides. In one aspect, the deposition aid may be selected from the group consisting of cationic and amphoteric cellulose ethers, cationic or amphoteric galactomannan, cationic guar gum, cationic or amphoteric starch, and combinations thereof.
Another group of suitable cationic polymers may include alkylamine-epichlorohydrin polymers which are reaction products of amines and oligoamines with epicholorohydrin, for example, those polymers listed in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,642,200 and 6,551,986. Examples include dimethylamine-epichlorohydrin-ethylenediamine, available under the trade name Cartafix® CB and Cartafix® TSF from Clariant, Basel , Switzerland.
Another group of suitable synthetic cationic polymers may include polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins of polyalkylenepolyamine with polycarboxylic acid. The common PAE resins are the condensation products of diethylenetriamine with adipic acid followed by a subsequent reaction with epichlorohydrin. They are available from Hercules Inc. of Wilmington Del. under the trade name Kymene™ or from BASF AG (Ludwigshafen, Germany) under the trade name Luresin™. These polymers are described in Wet Strength resins and their applications edited by L. L. Chan, TAPPI Press (1994).
The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer may be from about 500 Daltons to about 5,000,000 Daltons, from about 1,000 Daltons to about 2,000,000 Daltons, or from about 2,500 Daltons to about 1,500,000 Daltons, as determined by size exclusion chromatography relative to polyethyleneoxide standards with RI detection. In one aspect, the MW of the cationic polymer may be from about 500 Daltons to about 37,500 Daltons.
The cationic polymers may contain charge neutralizing anions such that the overall polymer is neutral under ambient conditions. Non-limiting examples of suitable counter ions (in addition to anionic species generated during use) include chloride, bromide, sulfate, methylsulfate, sulfonate, methylsulfonate, carbonate, bicarbonate, formate, acetate, citrate, nitrate, and mixtures thereof.
The compositions may comprise from about 0.05% to about 5%; or from about 0.1% to about 1% of a microcapsule. In one aspect, the microcapsule may comprise a shell comprising a polymer crosslinked with an aldehyde. In one aspect, the microcapsule may comprise a shell comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurea, polyurethane, polyamine, urea crosslinked with an aldehyde or melamine crosslinked with an aldehyde. Examples of materials suitable for making the shell of the microcapsule include melamine-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, or other condensation polymers with formaldehyde.
In one aspect, the microcapsules may vary in size (i.e., the maximum diameter is from about 1 to about 75 microns, or from about 5 to about 30 microns). The capsules may have an average shell thickness ranging from about 0.05 to about 10 microns, alternatively from about 0.05 to about 1 micron.
In one aspect, the microcapsule may comprise a perfume microcapsule. In turn, the perfume core may comprise a perfume and optionally a diluent. Suitable perfume microcapsules may include those described in the following references: published USPA Nos. 2003-215417 A1; 2003-216488 A1; 2003-158344 A1; 2003-165692 A1; 2004-071742 A1; 2004-071746 A1; 2004-072719 A1; 2004-072720 A1; 2003-203829 A1; 2003-195133 A1; 2004-087477 A1; 2004-0106536 A1; U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,645,479; 6,200,949; 4,882,220; 4,917,920; 4,514,461; RE32713; 4,234,627; EP 1393706 A1. Capsules having a perfume loading of from about 50% to about 95% by weight of the capsule may be employed.
In one aspect, the microcapsule may comprise from about from about 0.0001% to about 10%, or from about 0.001% to about 2%, by weight of the composition of at least one material comprising an aldehyde and/or ketone group.
Suitable materials comprising an aldehyde and/or ketone group include biocontrol ingredients such as biocides, antimicrobials, bactericides, fungicides, algaecides, mildewcides, disinfectants, antiseptics, insecticides, vermicides, plant growth hormones. Suitable antimicrobials include chlorhexidine diacetate, glutaraldehyde, cinnamon oil and cinnamaldehyde, polybiguanide, eugenol, thymol, geraniol, or mixtures thereof.
In one aspect, the material comprising an aldehyde and/or ketone group may be a perfume ingredient. These may include, for example, one or more perfume ingredients listed in Table I, including combinations of any of the perfume ingredients.
The shell material surrounding the core to form the microcapsule can be any suitable polymeric material which is impervious or substantially impervious to the materials in the core (generally a liquid core) and the materials which may come in contact with the outer surface of the shell. In one aspect, the material making the shell of the microcapsule may comprise formaldehyde. Other encapsulation techniques are disclosed in MICROENCAPSULATION: Methods and Industrial Applications, Edited by Benita and Simon (Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1996). Formaldehyde based resins such as melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resins are especially attractive for perfume encapsulation due to their wide availability and reasonable cost.
One method for forming shell capsules useful herein is polycondensation, which may be used to produce aminoplast encapsulates. Aminoplast resins are the reaction products of one or more amines with one or more aldehydes, typically formaldehyde. Non-limiting examples of amines are melamine and its derivatives, urea, thiourea, benzoguanamine, and acetoguanamine and combinations of amines. Suitable cross-linking agents (e.g., toluene diisocyante, divinyl benzene, butane diol diacrylate, etc) may also be used and secondary wall polymers may also be used as appropriate, as described in the art, e.g., anhydrides and their derivatives, particularly polymers and copolymers of maleic anhydride as disclosed in published USPA 2004-0087477 A1.
Microcapsules having the liquid cores and polymer shell walls as described above can be prepared by any conventional process which produces capsules of the requisite size, friability and water-insolubility. Generally, such methods as coacervation and interfacial polymerization can be employed in known manner to produce microcapsules of the desired characteristics. Such methods are described in Ida et al, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,870,542; 3,415,758; and 3,041,288.
In one aspect, the fabric care and/or treatment composition may comprise from about 0.01 to about 90%, from about 1% to about 40%, from about 3% to about 30%, from about 5% to about 20%, or from about 10% to about 15% by weight of the composition of a fabric softening active.
“Fabric Softener Active” means any active suitable for softening fabric. In one aspect, the fabric softener active may comprise a biodegradable fabric softening agent. In one aspect, the agent may be cationic. A general type of fabric softener active that may be used can be referred to as a quaternary ammonium compound. Exemplary quaternary ammonium compounds include alkylated quaternary ammonium compounds, ring or cyclic quaternary ammonium compounds, aromatic quaternary ammonium compounds, diquaternary ammonium compounds, alkoxylated quaternary ammonium compounds, amidoamine quaternary ammonium compounds, ester quaternary ammonium compounds, and mixtures thereof. Examples of fabric softener actives are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,381,697, column 3, line 43-column 4, line 67; U.S. Pat. No. 7,135,451, column 5, line 1-column 11, line 40. See also U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,424,134; 4,767,547; 5,545,340; 5,545,350; 5,562,849; and 5,574,179.
The fabric softening active may comprise, as the principal active, compounds of the following formula:
{R4−m—N+—[X—Y—R1]m}X— (1)
wherein each R comprises either hydrogen, a short chain C1-C6, in one aspect a C1-C3 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, for example methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like, poly(C2-3 alkoxy), polyethoxy, benzyl, or mixtures thereof; each X may independently be (CH2)n, —CH2—CH(CH3)— or —CH—(CH3)—CH2—; each Y may comprise —O—(O)C—, —C(O)—O—, —NR—C(O)—, or —C(O)—NR—; each m may be 2 or 3; each n may be from 1 to about 4, in one aspect 2; the sum of carbons in each R1, plus one when Y is —O—(O)C— or —NR—C(O)—, may be C12-C22, or C14-C20, with each R1 being a hydrocarbyl, or substituted hydrocarbyl group; and X− may comprise any softener-compatible anion. In one aspect, the softener-compatible anion may comprise chloride, bromide, methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, and nitrate. In another aspect, the softener-compatible anion may comprise chloride or methyl sulfate.
In another aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the general formula:
[R3N+CH2CH(YR1)(CH2YR1)]X−
wherein each Y, R, R1, and X−have the same meanings as before. Such compounds include those having the formula:
[CH3]3N(+)[CH2CH(CH2O(O)CR1)O(O)CR1]C1(−) (2)
wherein each R may comprise a methyl or ethyl group. In one aspect, each R1 may comprise a C15 to C19 group. As used herein, when the diester is specified, it can include the monoester that is present.
These types of agents and general methods of making them are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,137,180. An example of a suitable DEQA (2) is the “propyl” ester quaternary ammonium fabric softener active comprising the formula 1,2-di(acyloxy)-3-trimethylammoniopropane chloride.
In one aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula:
[R4−m—N+—R1m]X− (3)
wherein each R, R1, m and X−have the same meanings as before.
In a further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula:
wherein each R, R1, and A− have the definitions given above; R2 may comprise a C1-6 alkylene group, in one aspect an ethylene group; and G may comprise an oxygen atom or an —NR— group;
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula:
wherein R1, R2 and G are defined as above.
In a further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise condensation reaction products of fatty acids with dialkylenetriamines in, e.g., a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction products containing compounds of the formula:
R1—C(O)—NH—R2—NH—R3—NH—C(O)—R1 (6)
wherein R1, R2 are defined as above, and R3 may comprise a C1-6 alkylene group, or an ethylene group and wherein the reaction products may optionally be quaternized by the additional of an alkylating agent such as dimethyl sulfate. Such quaternized reaction products are described in additional detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,296,622.
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula:
[R1—C(O)—NR—R2—N(R)2—R3—NR—C(O)—R1]+A− (7)
wherein R, R1, R2, R3 and A−are defined as above;
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise reaction products of fatty acid with hydroxyalkylalkylenediamines in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction products containing compounds of the formula:
R1—C(O)—NH—R2—N(R3OH)—C(O)—R1 (8)
wherein R1, R2 and R3 are defined as above;
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula:
wherein R, R1, R2, and A−are defined as above.
In yet a further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula (10);
wherein;
X1 may comprise a C2-3 alkyl group, in one aspect, an ethyl group;
X2 and X3 may independently comprise C1-6 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups, in one aspect, methyl, ethyl or isopropyl groups;
R1 and R2 may independently comprise C8-22 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups;
characterized in that;
A and B are independently selected from the group comprising —O—(C═O)—, —(C═O)—O—, or mixtures thereof, in one aspect, —O—(C═O)—.
Non-limiting examples of fabric softening actives comprising formula (1) are N,N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N-(2 hydroxyethyl) N-methyl ammonium methylsulfate.
Non-limiting examples of fabric softening actives comprising formula (2) is 1,2-di(stearoyl-oxy) -3-trimethyl ammoniumpropane chloride.
Non-limiting examples of fabric softening actives comprising formula (3) may include dialkylenedimethylammonium salts such as dicanoladimethylammonium chloride, di(hard)tallowedimethylammonium chloride dicanoladimethylammonium methylsulfate. An example of commercially available dialkylenedimethylammonium salts usable in the present invention is dioleyldimethylammonium chloride available from Witco Corporation under the trade name Adogen® 472 and dihardtallow dimethylammonium chloride available from Akzo Nobel Arquad 2HT75.
A non-limiting example of fabric softening actives comprising formula (4) may include 1-methyl-1-stearoylamidoethyl-2-stearoylimidazolinium methylsulfate wherein R1 is an acyclic aliphatic C15-C17 hydrocarbon group, R2 is an ethylene group, G is a NH group, R5 is a methyl group and A−is a methyl sulfate anion, available commercially from the Witco Corporation under the trade name Varisoft®.
A non-limiting example of fabric softening actives comprising formula (5) is 1-tallowylamidoethyl-2-tallowylimidazoline wherein R1 may comprise an acyclic aliphatic C15-C17 hydrocarbon group, R2 may comprise an ethylene group, and G may comprise a NH group.
A non-limiting example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (6) is the reaction products of fatty acids with diethylenetriamine in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction product mixture comprising N,N″-dialkyldiethylenetriamine having the formula:
R1—C(O)—NH—CH2CH2—NH—CH2CH2—NH—C(O)—R1
wherein R1 is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid derived from a vegetable or animal source, such as Emersol® 223LL or Emersol® 7021, available from Henkel Corporation, and R2 and R3 are divalent ethylene groups.
A non-limiting example of Compound (7) is a difatty amidoamine based softener having the formula:
[R1—C(O)—NH—CH2CH2—N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH)—CH2CH2—NH—C(O)—R1]+CH3SO4−
wherein R1 is an alkyl group. An example of such compound is that commercially available from the Witco Corporation e.g. under the trade name Varisoft® 222LT.
An example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (8) is the reaction products of fatty acids with N-2-hydroxyethylethylenediamine in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said reaction product mixture comprising the formula:
R1—C(O)—NH—CH2CH2—N(CH2CH2OH)—C(O)—R1
wherein R1—C(O) is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid derived from a vegetable or animal source, such as Emersol® 223LL or Emersol® 7021, available from Henkel Corporation.
An example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (9) is the diquaternary compound having the formula:
wherein R1 is derived from fatty acid. Such compound is available from Witco Company.
A non-limiting example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (10) is a dialkyl imidazoline diester compound, where the compound is the reaction product of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine or N-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine with glycolic acid, esterified with fatty acid, where the fatty acid is (hydrogenated) tallow fatty acid, palm fatty acid, hydrogenated palm fatty acid, oleic acid, rapeseed fatty acid, hydrogenated rapeseed fatty acid or a mixture of the above.
It will be understood that combinations of softener actives disclosed above are suitable for use herein.
In the cationic nitrogenous salts herein, the anion A−, which comprises any softener compatible anion, provides electrical neutrality. Most often, the anion used to provide electrical neutrality in these salts is from a strong acid, especially a halide, such as chloride, bromide, or iodide. However, other anions can be used, such as methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, acetate, formate, sulfate, carbonate, and the like. In one aspect, the anion A may comprise chloride or methylsulfate. The anion, in some aspects, may carry a double charge. In this aspect, A−represents half a group.
In one aspect, the fabric care and/or treatment composition may comprise a second softening agent selected from the group consisting of polyglycerol esters (PGEs), oily sugar derivatives, and wax emulsions. Suitable PGEs include those disclosed in USPA 61/089,080. Suitable oily sugar derivatives and wax emulsions include those disclosed in USPA 2008-0234165 A1.
In one aspect, the compositions may comprise from about 0.001% to about 0.01% of an unsaturated aldehyde. In one aspect, the compositions are essentially free of an unsaturated aldehyde. Without being limited by theory, in this aspect, the compositions are less prone to the yellowing effect often encountered with amino-containing agents.
For the purposes of the present invention, the following non-limiting list of adjuncts illustrated hereinafter may be suitable for use in the instant compositions and may be desirably incorporated in certain aspects, for example to assist or enhance performance, for treatment of the substrate to be cleaned, or to modify the aesthetics of the composition as is the case with perfumes, colorants, dyes or the like. It is understood that such adjuncts may be in addition to the components that are supplied via Applicants' compositions. The precise nature of these additional components, and levels of incorporation thereof, will depend on the physical form of the composition and the nature of the operation for which it is to be used. Suitable adjunct materials may include surfactants, builders, chelating agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme stabilizers, catalytic materials, bleach activators, polymeric dispersing agents, clay soil removal/anti-redeposition agents, brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, additional perfume and perfume delivery systems, structure elasticizing agents, fabric softeners, carriers, hydrotropes, rheology modifiers, water processing aids and/or pigments. In addition to the disclosure below, suitable examples of such other adjuncts and levels of use are found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,576,282, 6,306,812 B1 and 6,326,348 B1.
Each adjunct ingredient is not essential to Applicants' compositions. Thus, certain embodiments of Applicants' compositions may not contain one or more of the following adjuncts materials: bleach activators, surfactants, builders, chelating agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme stabilizers, catalytic metal complexes, polymeric dispersing agents, clay and soil removal/anti-redeposition agents, brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, additional perfumes and perfume delivery systems, structure elasticizing agents, additional fabric softeners, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids and/or pigments. However, when one or more adjuncts are present, such one or more adjuncts may be present as detailed below:
Surfactants—The compositions may comprise an additional surfactant or surfactant system wherein the surfactant may be selected from nonionic and/or anionic and/or cationic surfactants and/or ampholytic and/or zwitterionic and/or semi-polar nonionic surfactants. The surfactant may comprise from about 0.1%, from about 1%, or even from about 5% by weight of the cleaning compositions to about 99.9%, to about 80%, to about 35%, or even to about 30% by weight of the cleaning compositions.
Builders—The compositions may comprise one or more detergent builders or builder systems. When present, the compositions will typically comprise at least about 1% builder, or from about 5% or 10% to about 80%, 50%, or even 30% by weight, of said builder. Builders include the alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium salts of polyphosphates, alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth and alkali metal carbonates, aluminosilicate builders polycarboxylate compounds. ether hydroxypolycarboxylates, copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene or vinyl methyl ether, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene-2,4,6-trisulphonic acid, and carboxymethyl-oxysuccinic acid, the various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of polyacetic acids such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid, as well as polycarboxylates such as mellitic acid, succinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, polymaleic acid, benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, and soluble salts thereof.
Chelating Agents—The compositions herein may also optionally contain one or more copper, iron and/or manganese chelating agents. If utilized, chelating agents will generally comprise from about 0.1% by weight of the compositions herein to about 15%, or even from about 3.0% to about 15% by weight of the compositions herein.
Dye Transfer Inhibiting Agents—The compositions may include one or more dye transfer inhibiting agents. Suitable polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents include polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, polyvinyloxazolidones and polyvinylimidazoles or mixtures thereof. When present in the compositions herein, the dye transfer inhibiting agents are present at levels from about 0.0001%, from about 0.01%, from about 0.05% by weight of the compositions to about 10%, about 2%, or even about 1% by weight of the compositions.
Dispersants—The compositions may comprise dispersants. Suitable water-soluble organic materials are the homo- or co-polymeric acids or their salts, in which the polycarboxylic acid may comprise at least two carboxyl radicals separated from each other by not more than two carbon atoms.
Enzymes—The compositions may comprise one or more detergent enzymes which provide cleaning performance and/or fabric care benefits. Examples of suitable enzymes include hemicellulases, peroxidases, proteases, cellulases, xylanases, lipases, phospholipases, esterases, cutinases, pectinases, keratanases, reductases, oxidases, phenoloxidases, lipoxygenases, ligninases, pullulanases, tannases, pentosanases, malanases, β-glucanases, arabinosidases, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, laccase, and amylases, or mixtures thereof. A typical combination is a cocktail of conventional applicable enzymes like protease, lipase, cutinase and/or cellulase in conjunction with amylase.
Enzyme Stabilizers—Enzymes for use in compositions, for example, detergents can be stabilized by various techniques. The enzymes employed herein can be stabilized by the presence of water-soluble sources of calcium and/or magnesium ions in the finished compositions that provide such ions to the enzymes.
Catalytic Metal Complexes—Applicants' compositions may include catalytic metal complexes. One type of metal-containing bleach catalyst may be a catalyst system comprising a transition metal cation of defined bleach catalytic activity, such as copper, iron, titanium, ruthenium, tungsten, molybdenum, or manganese cations, an auxiliary metal cation having little or no bleach catalytic activity, such as zinc or aluminum cations, and a sequestrate having defined stability constants for the catalytic and auxiliary metal cations, particularly ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetra(methyl-enephosphonic acid) and water-soluble salts thereof. Such catalysts are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,430,243. If desired, the compositions herein can be catalyzed by means of a manganese compound. Such compounds and levels of use are well known in the art and include, for example, the manganese-based catalysts disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,282. Cobalt bleach catalysts useful herein are known, and are described, for example, in USPNs 5,597,936 and 5,595,967. Such cobalt catalysts are readily prepared by known procedures, such as taught for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,597,936, and 5,595,967. Compositions herein may also suitably include a transition metal complex of a macropolycyclic rigid ligand—abbreviated as “MRL”. As a practical matter, and not by way of limitation, the compositions and processes herein can be adjusted to provide on the order of at least one part per hundred million of the benefit agent MRL species in the aqueous washing medium, and may provide from about 0.005 ppm to about 25 ppm, from about 0.05 ppm to about 10 ppm, or even from about 0.1 ppm to about 5 ppm, of the MRL in the wash liquor. Suitable transition-metals in the instant transition-metal bleach catalyst include manganese, iron and chromium. Suitable MRL's herein are a special type of ultra-rigid ligand that is cross-bridged such as 5,12-diethyl-1,5,8,12-tetraazabicyclo[6.6.2]hexa-decane. Suitable transition metal MRLs may be readily prepared by known procedures, such as taught for example in WO 00/32601, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,225,464.
The fabric care compositions of the present disclosure can be formulated into any suitable form and prepared by any process chosen by the formulator, non-limiting examples of which are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,879,584; 5,691,297; 5,574,005; 5,569,645; 5,565,422; 5,516,448; 5,489,392; and 5,486,303.
In one aspect, the compositions disclosed herein may be prepared by combining the components thereof in any convenient order and by mixing, e.g., agitating, the resulting component combination to form a phase stable cleaning composition. In one aspect, a fluid matrix may be formed containing at least a major proportion, or even substantially all, of the fluid components, e.g., nonionic surfactant, the non-surface active liquid carriers and other optional fluid components, with the fluid components being thoroughly admixed by imparting shear agitation to this liquid combination. For example, rapid stirring with a mechanical stirrer may be employed.
The fabric care compositions disclosed in the present specification may be used to clean or treat a fabric or other situs such as those described herein. Typically at least a portion of the fabric may be contacted with an embodiment of the aforementioned compositions, in neat form or diluted in a liquor, for example, a wash liquor and then the fabric may be optionally washed and/or rinsed. In one aspect, a fabric may be optionally washed and/or rinsed, contacted with an embodiment of the aforementioned fabric care compositions and then optionally washed and/or rinsed. For purposes of the present disclosure, washing includes scrubbing, and mechanical agitation. The fabric may comprise most any fabric capable of being laundered or treated.
The fabric care compositions disclosed in the present specification can be used to form aqueous solutions for use in the laundering of fabrics. Generally, an effective amount of such compositions may be added to water, such as in a conventional fabric laundering automatic washing machine, to form such aqueous laundering solutions. The aqueous washing solution so formed may then be contacted, in one aspect, under agitation, with the fabrics to be laundered therewith. An effective amount of the composition, such as the compositions disclosed in the present specification, may be added to water to form aqueous solutions that may comprise from about 500 to about 7,000 ppm or even from about 1,000 to about 3,000 ppm of fabric care composition.
In one aspect, a method of providing a benefit to a fabric comprising the step of contacting a fabric with a composition described above in a rinse cycle of an automatic laundry machine is disclosed. In one aspect, the benefit may be selected from the group consisting of removal of wrinkles, prevention of wrinkles, fabric softness, improved fabric feel, garment shape retention, garment shape recovery, elasticity, ease-of-ironing, perfume benefits, anti-pilling, or combinations thereof. In one aspect, the benefit may be an anti-wrinkle benefit. In another aspect, the benefit may be a softening benefit.
In another aspect, an article comprising a composition as described above is disclosed.
Determination of Amine Equivalent: Amine equivalent is measured by dissolving the aminosilicone of interest in a 1:1 toluene/IPA mixture and titrating 0.1N Hydrochloric acid solution using an auto-titrator to an endpoint of pH=7. Amine equivalent is calculated as molecular weight of the silicone per mole of amine and calculated by the following equation:
All values are given as % by weight of the final composition. Components are added in the following order with constant stirring with an overhead mixer using a 45″ pitched or Rushton blade at ˜300-500 RPM: Fabric softening active, water, perfume, silicone, deposition aid, PMC.
1N,N-di(tallowoyloxyethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, available from Degussa under the trade name of Adogen ® SDMC having an IV value of about 10.
2See Table 2
3Perfume microcapsule available from Appleton Paper, Appleton, WI
4Polyethyleneimine available from Nippon Shokubai Company, Tokyo, Japan under the trade name Epomin 1050.
5000#
#calculated based on molecular structure
1N,N di(tallowoyloxyethyl)-N,N dimethylammonium chloride available from Evonik Corporation, Hopewell, VA.
2See Table 2
3Perfume microcapsule available from Appleton Paper, Appleton, WI
4Polyethyleneimine available from Nippon Shokubai Company, Tokyo, Japan under the trade name Epomin 1050.
5Cationic polyacrylamide polymer such as a copolymer of acrylamide a[2-(acryloylamino)ethyl]tri-methylammonium chloride (quaternized dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate) available from BASF, AG, Ludwigshafen under the trade name Sedipur 544.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm.”
Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
This application claims benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/221,670 filed Jun. 30, 2009.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61221670 | Jun 2009 | US |
