RNA SEQUENCING TO DIAGNOSE SEPSIS AND OTHER DISEASES AND CONDITIONS

Information

  • Patent Application
  • 20220340972
  • Publication Number
    20220340972
  • Date Filed
    April 18, 2022
    2 years ago
  • Date Published
    October 27, 2022
    2 years ago
Abstract
Deep RNA sequencing is a technology that provides an initial diagnostic for sepsis that can also monitor the indicia of treatment and recovery (bacterial counts reduce, physiology returns to steady-state). The invention can be used for many other hospital conditions, particularly those needing an intensive care unit stay with the attendant risk of bacterial infection, such as trauma, stroke, myocardial infarction, or major surgery.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention generally relates to chemical analysis of biological material, using nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g., primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite declining age-standardized incidence and mortality, sepsis remains a significant cause of health loss worldwide. Rudd et al., The Lancet, 395(10219), 200-211 (Jan. 18, 2020). Sepsis is treatable, and timely implementation of targeted interventions improves outcomes.


Sepsis is diagnosed clinically by the presence of acute infection and new organ dysfunction. Singer et al., JAMA, 315, 801-810 (February 2016). Unlike the previous concepts of septicemia or blood poisoning, the definition of sepsis extends across bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic pathogens. The definition focuses on the host response as the major source of morbidity and mortality. Bone et al., Chest, 101, 1644-1655 (1992). Globally, there were about 48.9 million cases of sepsis in 2017, with about 11.0 million total sepsis-related deaths worldwide, representing 19.7% (18·2-21·4). This number may be a substantial undercount. Rudd et al., The Lancet, 395(10219), 200-211 (Jan. 18, 2020). Sepsis results from an underlying infection, so sepsis is an intermediate cause of health loss. Because, according to the principles of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), causes of death are assigned based on the underlying disorder that triggers the chain of events leading to death rather than intermediate causes, sepsis, when reported as the cause of death, are considered miscoded.


Thus, the global burden of sepsis is more significant than previously appreciated. There is substantial variation in sepsis incidence and mortality according to Healthcare Access and Quality Index (HAQ Index), Lancet, 390, 231-266 (2017)), with the highest burden in places that cannot prevent, identify, or treat sepsis. Further research is needed to understand these disparities and developing policies and practices targeting their amelioration. More robust infection-prevention measures should be assessed and implemented in areas with the highest incidence of sepsis and among populations on which sepsis has the most significant impact. The impact of sepsis is especially severe among children, so more than half of all sepsis cases worldwide in 2017 occurred among children, many neonates.


Physicians diagnose sepsis using clinical judgment under one or more clinical scores. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) approach assesses an inflammatory state affecting the whole body, which is the body's response to an infectious or non-infectious challenge. Jui et al. (American College of Emergency Physicians), Ch. 146: Septic Shock. in Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7th edition, (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011). pp. 1003-14. Sepsis has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory components. The qSOFA approach simplifies the SOFA score by including only its three clinical criteria and by including any altered mentation. Singer et al., JAMA, 315, 801-810 (February 2016). qSOFA can easily and quickly be repeated serially on patients.


A culture of the bacterial infection confirms a diagnosis of sepsis. A culture diagnosis can be delayed by forty-eight hours and sometimes cannot be performed successfully. Clinical judgment sometimes misses sepsis.


Biomarkers are being developed for sepsis, but no reliable biomarkers exist. A 2013 review concluded moderate-quality evidence exists to support the use of the procalcitonin level as a method to distinguish sepsis from non-infectious causes of SIRS. Still, the level alone could not definitively make the diagnosis. Wacker et al., The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 13(5), 426-35 (May 2013). A 2012 systematic review found that soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (SuPAR) is a nonspecific marker of inflammation and does not accurately diagnose sepsis. Backes et al. Intensive Care Medicine, 38(9): 1418-28 (September 2012).


There remains a need in the medical art for a better diagnosis of sepsis.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The concept of diagnostics is analogous to using a fishing lure to find a single protein, gene, or RNA sequence. The invention provides an improved concept, using a fishing net to obtain all the RNA data in a sample, and use computational biology to better sort through all the data (fish) to identify patients with sepsis and the bacteria causing the immune response. The invention provides an initial diagnostic for sepsis that can also monitor the indicia of treatment and recovery (bacterial counts reduce, physiology returns to steady-state). The invention can be used for many other hospital conditions, particularly those needing an intensive care unit stay with the attendant risk of bacterial infection, such as trauma, stroke, myocardial infarction, or major surgery.


In the first embodiment, the invention provides unmapped bacterial RNA reads to identify bacteria that cause sepsis. In the second embodiment, the invention provides unmapped viral reads to identify sepsis or viral reactivation. In the third embodiment, the invention provides the use of unmapped B/T V(D)J to identify sepsis. In the fourth embodiment, the invention provides Principal Component Analysis of RNA splicing entropy to identify sepsis. In the fifth embodiment, the invention provides RNA lariats to identify sepsis. In the sixth embodiment, the invention provides a Principal Component Analysis of gene expression, alternative RNA splicing, or alternative transcription start and end to identify sepsis.


In producing the listed embodiments, one of ordinary skill in the molecular biological art uses one or more of these steps.


The first step is for one of ordinary skill in the molecular biological art to obtain RNA sequencing from a body sample. In the seventh embodiment, the body sample is a bodily fluid sample. In the eighth embodiment, the bodily fluid sample is blood. In the ninth embodiment, the target is 100,000,000 reads/sample.


The second step is for one to align the RNA sequencing data (reads) to the genome of interest. In the tenth embodiment, the reads from a human sample are aligned to a human genome. In the eleventh embodiment, the reads from a mouse sample are aligned to a mouse genome.


The third step is to select the un-mapped reads and analyze the reads using a Read Origin Protocol (ROP).


In the first embodiment, the next step is to identify bacteria present in the sample. From the ROP, one of ordinary skill in the molecular biological art identifies bacteria present in the sample. In the twelfth embodiment, one of ordinary skill in the molecular biological art or medical art uses the identified bacteria to list potential causative organisms of sepsis (product).


In the second embodiment, from the ROP, the next step is to identify the viruses present in the sample. In the thirteenth embodiment, one uses the virus identified with PCA to identify likely sepsis samples.


In the third embodiment, from the ROP, the next step is to identify the T/B cell epitopes present in the samples. In the fourteenth embodiment, one uses the T/B cell epitopes identified with PCA to identify likely sepsis samples.


Alternatively, or in combination, in the third step, one selects the mapped reads and then uses a program that enables detection and quantification of alternative RNA splicing events to identity gene expression, RNA splicing events, alternative transcription start/end, or RNA splicing entropy. In a fifteenth embodiment, the program that enables detection and quantification of alternative RNA splicing events is Whippet. In the sixteenth embodiment, one uses the gene expression changes, RNA splicing events, and alternative transcription start/end with PCA to identify likely sepsis samples. In the seventeenth embodiment, one uses the RNA splicing entropy identified with PCA to identify likely sepsis samples.


In the fifth embodiment, from the gene expression, RNA splicing events, alternative transcription start/end, or RNA splicing entropy, the next step is for one to identify RNA lariats from the mapped reads. In the eighteenth embodiment, one uses the RNA lariats with PCA to identify likely sepsis samples.


In the nineteenth embodiment, the invention provides an output product with five plots comprising bacterial RNA reads, viral reads, B/T V(D)J epitopes, RNA splicing entropy, and RNA lariat embodiments described above and a list of likely bacteria causing the infection.


RNA sequencing data be used in several ways. (1) Identification of biomarkers. Rather than need to pick a subset to test for, RNA sequencing data can identify genes with increased expression that would correlate to biomarkers of interest. (2) Identification of new biomarkers. RNA sequencing data allows for analysis of processes such as RNA splicing. The method of RNA splicing entropy can be quantified and grouped according to a Principal Component Analysis into sick or not sick. RNA lariats can also be identified in sequencing data and used as a potential biomarker. All biomarkers can be followed over time to assess for resolution of the sepsis. (3) Use of un-mapped reads in sepsis. RNA sequencing typically aligns with the genome of reference (i.e., the human genome). Reads that are not aligned to the human genome are discarded (the percentage of un-mapped reads could itself be a biomarker). These un-mapped reads could be of two major potential interests. (4) Identification of the microbe causing the infection. The unmapped reads can be referenced to the genome of disease-causing microbes (bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.) to identify the causative organism and start treatment earlier. Serial measurements can also assess the effectiveness of treatment.


The results presented show that mice exposed to trauma separated from controls using PCA. Similarly, mice that did not survive fourteen days post exposure clustered closely together on PCA. These results show a substantial difference in global pre-mRNA processing entropy in mice exposed to trauma vs. controls, and that pre-mRNA processing entropy is useful in predicting mortality.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS


FIG. 1 is a chart showing Principal Component Analysis of samples in the blood. Three mice exposed to the trauma model were compared to three mice in the control group (total n=6). When plotting the first two principal components against each other, the exposed mice separated from the control mice. Samples clustered based on tissue type and ARDS status on the Principal Component Analysis plot, suggesting that splicing entropy can be a biomarker for ARDS status. The first two principal components plotted against each other. The percentages in parentheses represent the percent variability explained by the principal component. Circles represent control mice; squares represent mice exposed to hemorrhage followed by cecal ligation and puncture.



FIG. 2 is a chart showing a Principal Component Analysis of the survival study. Ten mice exposed to trauma were part of the survival experiment. A mortality rate of 30% was observed, which is consistent with previous studies using this model. When plotting the first two principal components against each other, the mice who did not survive closely clustered together. The first two principal components are plotted against each other. The percentages represent the percent variability explained by the principal component. The squares represent mice that died by fourteen days post CLP, circles represent mice that survived.



FIG. 3 confirms by real time PCR that the peak SARS-CoV-2 RNA described in this specification is higher than the rest of the N-gene in the blood of critically ill COVID-19 patients.



FIG. 4 is a pair of figures showing the SARS-CoV-2 reads per patient. The top panel is a bar graph showing the number of reads aligning to the SARS-CoV-2 genome from each patient. Most reads aligned to loci encoding the N protein (red bar) or the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (black bar). Bottom panel is the location where the cumulative reads from all the patients align to the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Genes encoding the RNA dependent RNA polymerase and the N protein are at positions ˜15,000 and ˜29,000, respectively.



FIG. 5 is a graph created by the principal component analysis of the >380,000 entropy values related to alternative RNA splicing and alternative transcription start/end. Patients labeled in red died from COVID-19 and surviving patients are labeled with green dots. Mortality rate above PC2=0 is 75% and below is 14% (p=0.04)



FIG. 6 (TABLE 1) is a list of the clinical and demographic data for fifteen study participants.



FIG. 7 (TABLE 2) is a list of the counts per patient from Kraken2 assays performed for the fifteen study participants.



FIG. 8 (TABLE 3) is a list of the gene difference between patients that died versus patients that lived among the fifteen study participants.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Industrial Applicability

Despite causing death in one out of five people in the world, there is not a single standard test to diagnose sepsis. Despite declining age-standardized incidence and mortality, sepsis remains a significant cause of health loss worldwide. Rudd et al., The Lancet, 395(10219), 200-211 (Jan. 18, 2020). Sepsis patients undergo the physiology common to patients in the intensive care unit: hypotension, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and hypoxia.


Delays in treatment for sepsis impact mortality. Early identification of the differences between clinically similar patients would allow for earlier interventions (surgery, antibiotics). Using RNA sequencing technology combined with computation biology techniques to understand RNA biology the differences in these two patients could be identified. Earlier prediction of complications would also allow for triage of patients to facilities equipped to deal with them and allow for better discussions regarding expected mortality and morbidity.


It takes days to get a final diagnosis for bacterial pathogen, since culturing of the bacteria is needed. Confirming bacteremia is done microbial blood culture, but the turnaround time can lead to a delay in diagnosis. Biron et al., Biomarker Insights. 10(Suppl 4), 7-17 (Sep. 15, 2015). Procalcitonin (PCT) has been shown to correlate more closely to onset and treatment of sepsis than C-reactive protein (CRP). Vijayan et al., J. Intensive Care (Aug. 3, 2017). Much work has been done with PCT as a predictor of sepsis before symptom onset. Dolin et al., Shock, 49(4), 364-70 (April 2018). PCT has low specificity for sepsis, and is elevated in cancers, autoimmune diseases, and other physiological stressors. Bloos & Reinhart, Virulence, 5(1), 154-60 (Jan. 1, 2014).


RNA sequencing data can identify the bacteria more quickly than culture. The drop in the cost of sequencing has refocused genetic analyses from DNA to RNA sequencing. Methods to analyze this data have improved. Stark et al., Nature Reviews Genetics (2019). Compared to DNA. RNA undergoes dynamic changes by transcription and post-transcriptional processing, providing unique insight into cellular activity. RNA reflects a broader source of infectious etiologies, given that both DNA and RNA viruses have RNA genetic material, whether in the genome or by transcription of mRNA. Patients with trauma who die or have complications are expected to have different changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end compared to patients who survive and do not have a complication. The differences seen in RNA biology may correlate with injury severity or predict outcomes. This invention should help direct care in trauma patients when RNA sequencing speeds increase to allow for results that are available when needed for patients in the ICU (within one hour).


RNA sequencing data related to other processes (RNA splicing entropy, gene expression, viral counts, lariat counts, etc.) provide a signature that can identify patients with sepsis. A better understanding of RNA biology in the clinical scenario of critically ill sepsis patients can have a broad impact on biomedical science. When the information in RNA sequencing data can identify patients who have not resolved the immune response to the initial sepsis, outcomes can improve.


The number of unmapped reads aligning to viral pathogenic genomes can be a biomarker of critical illness. Patients with late death should have different gene expression, alternative RNA splicing (including RNA splicing entropy), and alternative transcription start/end as compared to patients with an early death. the genes with increased alternative RNA splicing (including RNA splicing entropy), and alternative transcription start/end are expected to be different in the patients who died late compared to those who died early. These identified genes provide insight into proteins not considered in trauma patients as potential biomarkers or targets of therapeutic intervention but point to pathological mechanism not appreciated or unclear.


RNA biology before the trauma should be able to predict survivors. Mice that survive to fourteen days should have less RNA biology changes compared to mice at the early time point. This are done across three distinct background mice to account for the heterogeneity of humans and the comparability of the two most common immunological/genetic mouse model strains used. As it relates to comparing samples across mouse strains, since gene expression. RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end are all basic molecular functions, the results remain similar across the multiple strains.


Identification of B and T cell epitopes from the unmapped reads could be a biomarker for sepsis. Critical illness decreases the diversity of these epitopes. A resolution could signal an improvement in clinical status. Losing some epitopes could indicate immune suppression seen in critical illness.


Alternative transcription starts and end is another biological process potentially influenced by sepsis. Current technology now allows us to identify changes in transcription with RNA sequencing data. Hardwick et al., Frontiers in Genetics. 10, 709 (2019); Cass & Xiao X, Cell Systems, 9(4), 23, 393-400.e6 (October 2019). The genes that have increased difference in alternative transcription start/end could be disease treatment targets. A change to the start or end of the RNA is likely to change the ultimate endpoint of that transcript. Understanding the changes in transcription start and end would better describe the ultimate result of proteins since that were thought to be transcribed and translated could have been transcribed (with changes in the start or end) which led to nonsense mediated decay or the translation of an alternative isoform.


Genes with significant alternative splicing and high entropy in the mouse after trauma may be target for intervention. This invention can better diagnose sepsis and the microbe causing the disease. Emergency room and critical care physicians can use the invention.


Solution: RNAs as Biomarkers of Critical Illness

While proteins have traditionally been used to reflect inflammatory load, RNAs are more specific to certain etiologies and clinical outcomes.


High through-put sequencing technologies allows for coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) as markers of disease risk and progression. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) quantifies RNAs by sequencing of complementary DNA (cDNA), allowing transcriptomic analysis of mRNAs, ribosomal RNAs (rRNA), and ncRNAs. Kukurba & Montgomery, Cold Spring Harb. Protoc., 2015(11), 951-69 (Apr. 13, 2015).


Coding and non-coding RNAs have been studied as biomarkers. Less attention has been on the portion of data produced (9-20%) via RNA-sequencing that is consistently discarded when it cannot be mapped to a reference genome. Mangul et al., ROP: Dumpster diving in RNA-sequencing to find the source of 1 trillion reads across diverse adult human tissues. Genome Biol., 19 (Feb. 15, 2018).


The discovery of serum-stable circulating miRNAs allows the use of cell-free miRNAs as biomarkers of disease. Benz et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17(1) (Jan. 9, 2016); Wang et al., J. Cell Physiol., 231(1), 25-30 (2016). Elevated miR-133a levels in serum correlate to poorer prognosis in ICU patients. Tacke et al., Crit. Care Med., 42(5), 1096-104 (May 2014). Groups of miRNAs delineate between different infectious etiologies, such as S. aureus and E. coli. Wu et al., PLoS One, 8(10) (2013). The lack of standardization in measuring circulating miRNA expression affects reproducibility between analyses and limited its clinical applicability. Lee et al., Mol. Diagn. Ther., 21(3), 259-68 (June 2017).


Physiologic stress induces viral reactivation by impairing the immune response and upregulating cell cycle progression pathways such as MAPK and NF-κB. Walton et al., PLoS One, 9(6), e98819 (Jun. 11, 2014); Traylen et al., Future Virol., 6(4), 451-63 (April 2011). Secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, functions in reactivating latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) in patients that had undergone recent stress even absent systemic inflammation. Prösch et al., Virology, 272(2), 357-65 (Jul. 5, 2000). A combination of inflammatory challenges and immune cell dysregulation has been shown to contribute to an environment that both promotes viral reactivation and maintains viremia. Walton et al., PLoS One, 9(6), e98819 (Jun. 11, 2014).


In a traumatic shock EXAMPLE, C57BL6 mice were treated by sequential hemorrhagic shock followed by cecal ligation and puncture, which induces sepsis. RNA was extracted from cellular component of lung and immune cells in blood after discarding plasma and serum. Samples were collected from both healthy and critically ill mice and sequenced via NGS at Gene Wiz in South Plainfield, N.J., USA. Reads were aligned to mm9 genome using STAR and then unmapped reads were mapped to viral genomes via ROP. Dobin et al., Bioinformatics, 29(1), 15-21 (January 2013). Mangul et al., Genome Biol., 19 (Feb. 15, 2018). Two-sample t tests were conducted to compare number of viral reads in healthy versus critically ill mouse lung and blood.


Definitions

For convenience, the meaning of some terms and phrases used in the specification, examples, and appended claims, are listed below. Unless stated otherwise or implicit from context, these terms and phrases have the meanings below. These definitions are to aid in describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the claimed invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. For any apparent discrepancy between the meaning of a term in the art and a definition provided in this specification, the meaning provided in this specification shall prevail.


Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has the medical art-defined meaning. ARDS is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. Symptoms include shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and bluish skin coloration. Causes may include sepsis, pancreatitis, trauma, pneumonia, and aspiration.


Alternative splicing (AS) has the molecular biological art-defined meaning. RNA splicing is a basic molecular function that occurs in all cells directly after RNA transcription, but before protein translation, in which introns are removed and exons are joined. Alternative splicing or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is a regulated process during gene expression that results in a single gene coding for multiple proteins. Exons of a gene can be included within or excluded from the final, processed messenger RNA (mRNA) produced from that gene. The proteins translated from alternatively spliced mRNAs can contain differences in their amino acid sequence and, often, in their biological functions.


Aldo/keto reductase gene has the molecular biological art-defined meaning.


Base R is an R-based computer program.


Mann Whitney U tests has the statistical art-defined meaning. The Mann-Whitney U test (also called the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon (MWW), Wilcoxon rank-sum test, or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test) is a nonparametric test of the null hypothesis that it is equally likely that a randomly selected value from one population is less than or greater than a randomly selected value from a second population. This test Can investigate whether two independent samples were selected from populations having the same distribution.


mountainClimber is a cumulative-sum-based approach to identify alternative transcription start (ATS) and alternative polyadenylation (APA) as change points. Unlike many existing methods, mountainClimber runs on a single sample and identifies multiple ATS or APA sites anywhere in the transcript. Cass & Xiao, Cell Systems, 9(4), 23, 393-400.e6 (October 2019).


Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has the molecular biological art-defined meaning. NGS technology is typically characterized by being highly scalable, allowing the entire genome to be sequenced at once. Usually, this is accomplished by fragmenting the genome into small pieces, randomly sampling for a fragment, and sequencing it using one of a variety of technologies.


Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has the computer-art and molecular biological art-defined meaning. Principal component analysis is a statistical procedure that uses an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of possibly correlated variables (entities each of which takes on various numerical values) into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables called principal components.


Read origin protocol (ROP) has the computer-art meaning of is a computational protocol that aims to discover the source of all reads, including those originating from repeat sequences, recombinant B and T cell receptors, and microbial communities. The Read Origin Protocol was developed to determine what the unmapped reads represented. Mangul al., Genome Biology 19, 36 (2018). Recent development of Read Origin Protocol (ROP) has demonstrated that unmapped reads align to bacterial, viral, fungal, and B/T rearrangement genomes.


Read has the molecular biological art-defined meaning of reading sequencing results to determine nucleotide base structure.


Sepsis has the medical art-defined meaning of a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection injures its tissues and organs. Bone et al., Chest, 101, 1644-1655 (1992); Singer et al., JAMA, 315, 801-810 (February 2016).


STAR aligner is the Spliced Transcripts Alignment to a Reference (STAR), a fast RNA-seq read mapper, with support for splice-junction and fusion read detection. STAR aligns reads by finding the Maximal Mappable Prefix (MMP) hits between reads (or read pairs) and the genome, using a Suffix Array index. Different parts of a read can be mapped to different genomic positions, corresponding to splicing or RNA-fusions. The genome index includes known splice-junctions from annotated gene models, allowing for sensitive detection of spliced reads. STAR performs local alignment, automatically soft clipping ends of reads with high mismatches. Dobin et al., STAR: Ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Bioinformatics, 29(1), 15-21 (January 2013).


Treatment for sepsis has the medical-art recognized meaning. Sepsis is treatable, and timely implementation of targeted interventions improves outcomes. The Mayo Clinic informs the public that several medications are used in treating sepsis and septic shock. They include antibiotics. Broad-spectrum antibiotics, which are effective against a variety of bacteria, are usually used first. After learning the results of blood tests, a doctor may switch to a different antibiotic that's targeted to fight the specific bacteria causing the infection. They include intravenous fluids and vasopressors. Other medications include low doses of corticosteroids, insulin to help maintain stable blood sugar levels, drugs that modify the immune system responses, and painkillers or sedatives.


Treatment for COVID-19 has the medical-art recognized meaning. Corticosteroids can be therapeutic. See Prescott & Rice, Corticosteroids in COVID-19 ARDS: Evidence and hope during the pandemic. JAMA, 324, 1292-1295 (2020). Other treatments are known by persons having ordinary skill in the medical art. See Waterer & Rello, Steroids and COVID-19: We need a precision approach, not one size fits all. Infectious Diseases and Therapy (2020). See also Beigel et al., Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19—Preliminary Report. New England Journal of Medicine (2020).


Treatment for Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has the medical-art recognized meaning. Corticosteroids can be therapeutic. See Prescott & Rice, Corticosteroids in COVID-19 ARDS: Evidence and hope during the pandemic. JAMA, 324, 1292-1295 (2020). Other treatments are known by persons having ordinary skill in the medical art.


V(D)J recombination has the molecular biological art-defined meaning. V(D)J recombination occurs in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation, involves somatic recombination, and results in the highly diverse repertoire of antibodies/immunoglobulins and T cell receptors (TCRs) found in B cells and T cells, respectively.


Whippet (OMICS_29617) is a program that enables detection and quantification of alternative RNA splicing events of any complexity with computational requirements compatible with a laptop computer. Whippet applies the concept of lightweight algorithms to event-level splicing quantification by RNAseq. The software can facilitate the analysis of simple to complex AS events that function in normal and disease physiology. Alternative splicing events with high entropy are identified using Whippet. Sterne-Weiler et al., Molecular Cell, 72, 187-200.e186 (2018).


Materials and Methods

Mouse strains. Mice are purchased from The Jackson Laboratory. C57BL/6J, the most popular mouse model used, exhibits a Th1/more pro-inflammatory phenotype. C57BL/6J is also the background of numerous knock out animals. BALB/cJ is also another commonly used mouse and can be the background of analyses with knockout animals but has more of a Th1/anti-inflammatory predominant repose phenotype. The CAST mouse is derived from wild mouse and genetically different from common laboratory mice. Using these three strains adjusts for the heterogeneity seen in humans.


Mouse model of sepsis: cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). A mouse model of hemorrhagic shock followed by the induction of sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture induces severe sepsis. Lomas-Neira et al., Shock, 45(2), 157-65 (2016)); Monaghan et al., Mol Med., 24(1), 32 (Jun. 18, 2018); Wu et al., PLoS One, 8(10) (2013); Monaghan et al., Annals of Surgery, 255, 158-164 (2012). Anesthetized, restrained mice in supine position catheters are inserted into both femoral arteries. Mice are bled over a 5-10-minute period to a mean blood pressure of 30 mmHg (±5 mmHg) and kept stable for 90 minutes. To achieve this level of hypotension, the mice have one mL of blood withdrawn. One mL of blood is approximately 50% of their blood volume so this correlates to class 4 hemorrhagic shock in humans. Mice are resuscitated intravenously (IV) with Ringers lactate at four times drawn blood volume. Sham hemorrhages are performed as a control in which femoral arteries ligated, but no blood is drawn to mimic the tissue destruction. The following day, sepsis is induced as a secondary challenge by cecal ligation and puncture. The timing of this secondary challenged is based on previous findings that hemorrhagic shock followed twenty-four hours by the induction of sepsis produced results in line with critical illness such as altering PaO2 to FIO2 ratios. The mouse model uses a double hit of hemorrhagic shock followed by cecal ligation and puncture correlates to a missed bowel injury in humans after hemorrhagic shock. This mouse model correlates with an injury severity score (ISS) of twenty-five. The dual challenge of hemorrhagic shock followed by septic shock is in line with the sepsis patients who are critically ill. Sometimes patients present with bleeding from wounds and a bowel injury missed upon initial assessment.


Sample sizes for these assays are based upon results from the inventor's previous work looking at the alternative splicing of sPD-1 and an effect size of Cohen's d=2.85 standard deviations difference between groups was calculated. With such a large effect size, power analysis poorly justifies sample size since, if the effect size is tenable, it would be exceedingly rare for assays of any sample size to fail to reach statistical significance. Small sample sizes provide poor point estimates and may be very unstable. the inventors chose a sample size of six mice per group based on feasibility and hoping to provide a reasonable point estimate for each group.


Mice of both sexes are used, because there are significant sex differences in the response to bleeding from trauma. Deitch et al., Annals of Surgery, 246(3), 447-53; discussion 53-5 (2007).


Human subjects. Patients are recruited from the Trauma Intensive Care Unit (TICU) at Rhode Island Hospital with Institutional Review Board approval and consent. The patient population at Rhode Island Hospital (a level 1 trauma center) is sufficient for this EXAMPLE. Over 3700 trauma patients were admitted to the hospital in 2018. The TICU admitted 765 patients in 2018. This would cause over 3000 patients admitted to the intensive care unit over the 4-year project. Using the advanced technology of the hospital's electronic health records (EPIC) combined with the mandated trauma registry there are streamlined efforts to recruit and retain patients. Since the mouse model correlates to an injury severity score (ISS) of twenty-five, the goal is to ensure that the average ISS for all the patients is twenty-five. Minimal risk to the patient is maintained since there is no direct benefit; the blood collected are less than 50 mL over an 8-week period and not collected more than twice a week. Blood samples from patients are taken on admission (25 mL) and during the TICU stay when a complication is developed (25 mL). This should cause the maximum for the initial 8-week period after the trauma. When the patient is recovered, at least 8 weeks after the last blood draw, a final blood draw 50 mL of are done in the outpatient setting. A power analysis was done based upon previous results from human patients. The effect size of Cohen's d=0.8 using a power of 80% and alpha of 0.05 the inventors calculated a sample size of twenty-six per group. The mortality of patients in the TICU is 5%. To enroll twenty-six patients who die after trauma, the inventors need 520 TICU patients (26/0.05=520). No enrollment is planned in the last six months to ensure adequate follow up, data collection and analysis. Fourteen % of patients in the TICU have complications after trauma. Due to the correlation to the mouse model of an ISS of twenty-five, the average ISS for the enrolled patients is targeted at twenty-five. This system recruits some patients who are not used. These patient samples are banked and not sent for RNA sequencing. After twenty-six patients who die and twenty-six patients with a complication are enrolled. The entire set of patients has an average ISS of twenty-five then recruitment conclude.


Where patients are being recruited, variables such as age, weight, and medical co-morbidities are collected and compared across groups. If these variables are different (t test or rank sum), these factors are adjusted for in the analysis by regression.


In the human studies, both sexes are recruited and analyzed in the GTEx data set. Age, weight, and other health problems are constant in the mouse assays.


Sample collection and sequencing. Mouse blood and lung samples were obtained as described. Monaghan et al., Annals of Surgery, 255, 158-164 (2012). Data for humans was obtained from GTEx by their protocols. RNA was extracted using the MasterPure Complete DNA/RNA Purification kit (epicenter, Madison Wis., USA) followed by the Globin Clear Kit (ThermoScientific, Waltham, Mass., USA). RNA was then sent to Genewiz (South Plainfield, N.J., USA) for sequencing as 1400 ng RNA in forty μL of fluid.


The GTEx Project was supported by the Common Fund of the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health, and by NCI, NHGRI, NHLBI, NIDA, NIMH, and NINDS and the data used for the analyses were obtained from the GTEx Portal and dbGaP accession number phs000424.v6.p1.


Cloud based computing. All computational biology work is performed on cloud-based computing by Lifespan-RI Hospital approved and supported Microsoft Azure environment. This server manages all large data sets from RNA sequencing. An intentional decision was made to use cloud-based computing for this project. Due to the depth of sequencing that is needed for RNA splicing analysis (100 million reads vs. forty million), more data is generated from both sequencing and analysis (a small study generated one terabyte of sequencing data and another terabyte from the alignment to the genome). With such a large amount of data predicted available for the EXAMPLE, the ability to expand and contract the storage space and computing power in the cloud is the ideal choice. This server stores and analyzes data from both mouse and human samples. Since RNA sequencing data is always identifiable, the data from humans are treated as though it is protected health information (PHI), even though none of the typical identifiers (such as name, date of birth, etc.) are associated with the data. The server was created in collaboration with the Information Technology department at Rhode Island Hospital to ensure data security. The cloud server is only accessible through a hospital virtual desktop and data are saved only to the Azure server or a hospital computer. Data are encrypted while stored, and when in transit to or from the hospital. Any link to typical identifiers (name, date of birth, etc.) are kept separate from the sequencing data. The cloud-based server allows for large data analysis with computing and storage needs changing on a per-use basis. The Azure server is Linux based and uses programming in R and Python. The following pipeline encompasses the typical analysis: differential expression, RNA analysis is done with Whippet. This also includes an entropy measure, and genes of interest undergo GO term analysis. Genes with alternative transcription start and end sites identified through Whippet are correlated with findings from the mountainClimber analysis.


Computational analysis and statistics. RNA sequencing data from the mouse was first checked for quality using FASTQC. RNA-sequencing data collected from the GTEx consortium, and the mouse ARDS model was analyzed with the Whippet software for differential gene processing. Alternative transcription events are those events identified by Whippet as ‘tandem transcription start site,’ ‘tandem alternative polyadenylation site,’ ‘alternative first exon,’ and ‘alternative last exon.’ Alternative RNA splicing events are those events labeled ‘core exon.’ ‘alternative acceptor splice site,’ ‘alternative donor splice site,’ and ‘retained intron.’ Alternative mRNA processing events were determined by a log 2 fold change of greater than 1.5+/−0.2. Statistical significance was calculated by the chi-square p-value of a contingency table based on 1000 simulations of the probability of each result.


Gene ontology (GO) was assessed using The Gene Ontology Resource Knowledgebase. Ashburner et al., Nature Genetics, 25, 25-29 (2000); The Gene Ontology Resource: 20 years and still GOing strong. Nucleic Acids Research, 47. D330-d338 (2019). Genes from the analyses were entered and outputs displayed. Outputs from gene ontology do not correlate with actual increase or decrease in a gene's expression but are related to expected based upon the set of genes entered.


Blood sample collection. Blood samples are collected on day 0 of ICU admission. Clinical data including COVID specific therapies was collected prospectively from the electronic medical record and participants were followed until hospital discharge or death. Ordinal scale can be collected as described by Beigel et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2020); along with sepsis and associated SOFA score, and the diagnosis of ARDS. See Singer et al., The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA, 315: 801-810 (2016); Ferguson et al. The Berlin definition of ARDS. Intensive Care Medicine, 38: 1573-1582 (2012).


RNA extraction and sequencing. Whole blood can be collected in PAXgene tubes (Qiagen, Germantown, Md.) and sent to Genewiz (South Plainfield, N.J., USA) for RNA extraction, ribosomal RNA depletion and sequencing. Sequencing can be done on Illumina HiSeq machines to provide 150 base pair, paired-end reads. Libraries were prepared to have three samples per lane. Each lane provided 350 million reads ensuring each sample had >100 million reads.


Computational Biology and Statistical Analysis. All computational analysis can be done blinded to the clinical data. The data can be assessed for quality control using FastQC. Andrews. A quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. FastQC (2014). RNA sequencing data can be aligned to the human genome utilizing the STAR aligner. Dobin et al., Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 29, 15-21 (2013). Reads that aligned to the human genome can be separated and called ‘mapped’ reads. Reads that do not align to the human genome, which are typically discarded during standard RNA sequencing analysis, were identified as ‘unmapped’ reads. The unmapped reads then align to the relevant comparator and counted per sample using Magic-BLAST. See Boratyn et al., BMC Bioinformatics, 20, 405 (2019). The unmapped reads were further analyzed with Kraken2. See Wood, Lu, & Langmead, Genome Biology, 20, 257 (2019). The analysis used the PlusPFP index to identify other bacterial, fungal, archaeal, and viral pathogens. See Kraken 2/Bracken Refseq indexes maintained by BenLangmead, which uses Kutay B. Sezginel's modified version of the minimal GitHub pages theme.


Reads that align to the human genome, the mapped reads, also can undergo analysis for gene expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end by Whippet. See Sterne-Weiler et al., Molecular Cell, 72, 187-200.e186 (2018). When comparisons are made between groups (died vs. survived) differential gene expression can be set with thresholds of both p<0.05 and +/−1.5 log 2 fold change. Alternative splicing was defined as core exon, alternative acceptor splice site, alternative donor splice site, retained intron, alternative first exon and alternative last exon. Alternative transcription start/end events can be defined as tandem transcription start site and tandem alternative polyadenylation site. Alternative RNA splicing and alternative transcription start/end events can be compared between groups. See Sterne-Weiler et al., Molecular Cell, 72, 187-200.e186 (2018). Significance was set at great than 2 log 2 fold change as described by Fredericks et al., Intensive Care Medicine (2020). Genes identified from the analysis of mapped reads can be evaluated by GO enrichment analysis (PANTHER Overrepresentation released 20200728). See Mi et al. Nature Protocols, 8, 1551-1566 (2013).


Whippet can generate an entropy value for every identified alternative splicing and transcription event of each gene. These entropy values are created with no groups used in the gene expression analysis. To visualize this data a principal component analysis (PCA) can be conducted to reduce the dimensionality of the dataset and to obtain an unsupervised overview of trends in entropy values among the samples. Raw entropy values from all samples can be concatenated into one matrix and missing values were replaced with column means. Mortality can be overlaid onto the PCA plot to assess the ability of these raw entropy values to predict this outcome in this sample set. This analysis was done in R (version 3.6.3).


Kraken 2. The following tools are compatible with both Kraken 1 and Kraken 2. Both tools assist users in analyzing and visualizing Kraken results. Bracken allows users to estimate relative abundances within a specific sample from Kraken 2 classification results. Bracken uses a Bayesian model to estimate abundance at any standard taxonomy level, including species/genus-level abundance. Pavian has also been developed as a comprehensive visualization program that can compare Kraken 2 classifications across multiple samples. KrakenTools is a suite of scripts to help analyze Kraken results. For more information, a person having ordinary skill in the biomedical art can refer to Wood, Lu, & Langmead, Improved metagenomic analysis with Kraken 2, Genome Biology (Nov. 28, 2019).


The following EXAMPLES are provided to illustrate the invention and should not be considered to limit its scope.


Example 1
Unmapped Bacterial Reads to Identify Bacteria Causing Sepsis

Because bacterial infections are a common cause of morbidity in trauma patients, unmapped reads that align with bacteria are useful for the diagnosis and treatment of trauma patients. Unmapped reads from RNA sequencing data provide a valuable tool for the trauma patient. The decrease in the number of bacterial reads in the blood may be due to increased immune response. Some bacteria keep constant levels between groups, which signifies a virulent pathogen.


The technique of RNA sequencing has resulted in creating massive amounts of data. The first step with public RNA sequencing data is usually to align the reads to the reference genome of interest. RNA sequences that do not align with the reference genome (10-30%) are usually discarded when they cannot be mapped.


The inventors used a mouse model of hemorrhagic shock followed by cecal ligation and puncture. The inventors isolate RNA from blood and lung samples and had the RNA sequenced using standard techniques. They compare RNA from the test mice to sham controls. They analyze the RNA data that did not map to the mouse genome. Unmapped reads aligned to common bacterial pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes. The inventors also identify specific genes with high read counts.


In one assay, the blood samples from the test mice exposed to trauma had fewer reads mapping to bacteria (365,974) as compared to the control mice (902,063, p=0.02). In the lung, the bacteria counts were similar. Despite an overall decrease in mapped bacterial RNA reads in the test mice, the three Streptococcus species and Staphylococcus aureus had a similar number of reads mapping between the test mice and the control mice. The most common RNA read mapped to aldo/keto reductase gene from group B strep (82793634[uid]). There was more expression of this gene in the blood of mice after trauma (15,096) compared to controls (3671, p=0.006). This difference was not seen in the lung compartment (13,691 vs. 15,996, p=0.24). In the blood of the test mice, most of the identified bacterial sequences were reduced in counts compared to the blood of the control mice (43 vs. 16).


Example 2
Unmapped Viral Reads to Identify Sepsis or Viral Reactivation

Unmapped data have been aligned to regions in the genomes of viruses. In critical illness, not only does the percentage of unmapped reads suggest a biomarker, but also the alignment of unmapped reads to some viral genomes. The percentage of unmapped reads in these organs during periods of critical illness can be a biomarker of severity and outcomes.


To assess the impact of critical illness on unmapped reads and their composition, the inventors expose mice (e.g., C57BL6 mice) to sequential treatment of hemorrhagic shock followed by sepsis. This treatment produces indirect acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). RNA is extracted from lung and blood samples and sequenced via next-generation RNA-sequencing. Reads are aligned to the mm9 reference genome. The sources of unmapped reads were aligned by Read Origin Protocol (ROP). Changes in the viral signature of the unmapped reads are different when comparing blood to the lung.


In a second assay, the blood samples of critically ill mice averaged 31.9 million reads versus 32.1 million reads in healthy mice, and lung samples of critically ill mice averaged 33 million reads versus 33.7 million reads in healthy mice. The blood of critically ill mice had an average of 1.5 million unmapped reads (4.74%), more than the average 52,000 unmapped reads (0.16%) in the blood of healthy mice (p=0.000082). The lungs of critically ill mice had, on average, 194,331 unmapped reads (0.58%), which was more than the average 130,480 unmapped reads (0.39%) seen in the lungs of healthy mice (p=0.031665). In blood samples, unmapped reads from critically ill mice were less likely to be viral than healthy mice (average 3480 in critically ill vs. 4866 in healthy, p=0.025955). In lung samples, unmapped reads from critically ill mice were more likely to be viral than those from healthy mice (average 6959 in critically ill vs. 3877 in healthy, p=0.031959). The results were notable for higher viral loads in lungs of critically ill mice, showing that viral RNA loads can be a biomarker of critical illness.


Human correlates can translate into a clinical setting.


Example 3
Unmapped B/T V(D)J Use to Identify Sepsis

In immune systems, V(D)J recombination allows for a diversity of antibodies in B cells and T cell receptors in T cells. During critical illness, the variety of these recombination events reduces, but recovers. RNA sequencing better characterizes V(D)J recombination events. RNA sequencing shows more diversity in critical illness compared to what was described previously. B and T cell composition could prove to be an important marker in critical illness and predicting outcomes of sepsis.


The inventors subject mice (e.g., C57BL6 mice) to sequential of hemorrhagic shock followed by sepsis. This induces acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Lung and blood samples are collected. RNA from the samples is sequenced by next-generation sequencing. Reads from critically ill and healthy mice are aligned to GRCm38 annotation and then mapped to the V(D)J annotation by Read Origin Protocol (ROP).


In a third assay, the inventors recovered ˜thirty million reads were recovered from RNA-seq data generated from lung tissue of critically ill mice and healthy controls. Alignment with STAR aligner showed an average of 7.77% unaligned reads in the healthy control, and 8.78% unaligned reads in the samples extracted from critically ill mice. Unmapped reads then underwent a secondary alignment to assay for V(D)J recombinants. Healthy mice have an average of 629 recombinant epitopes, whereas critically ill mice had an average of only 208 recombinant epitopes. Assays were done in triplicate with littermates.


Analysis of unmapped reads shows that critical illness inhibits the generation of B cell and T cell epitopes by the immune system during critical illness. Although the percentage of unmapped reads between healthy mice and critically ill mice was not significant, the composition of B and T cell epitopes differs vastly in critically ill mice.


Example 4
Principal Component Analysis of RNA Splicing Entropy to Identify Sepsis

Next Generation Sequencing is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.


The effect of alternative RNA splicing before translation has not been studied much, especially in the critically ill patient. Previous work showed an association between cancer and the level of global alternative splicing entropy. Elias & Dias, Cancer Microenvironment, 1(1),131-9 (2008); Ritchie et al., PLoS Computational Biology, 4(3), e1000011 (2008). RNA splicing entropy is correlated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) across multiple tissues. Evaluating splicing entropy can provide insights about biological processes and gene targets in the critical illness setting.


The inventors induce a mouse model of ARDS by subjecting mice to hemorrhagic shock, followed by cecal ligation and puncture. Blood and lung samples are collected from three mice undergoing ARDS and three sham controls. RNA is purified.


Next-generation RNA sequencing is performed. Alternative splicing (AS) entropy levels are determined using Whippet (v 0.11) on Julia (v 0.6.4). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is conducted using base R (v 3.4.0). Alternative splicing events with a proportion of spliced in values between 0.05 and 0.95 are analyzed. A threshold of 1.5 is applied to determine the percentage of high entropy events. Proportions of high entropy events across tissues and experimental groups are compared using Mann Whitney U tests.


In a fourth assay, Principal Component Analysis of the blood samples was performed. Samples clustered based on tissue type and ARDS status on a Principal Component Analysis plot This result suggested that splicing entropy can serve as a biomarker for ARDS status. The inventors observed differential levels of splicing entropy across tissue types, with the most entropy in the lung.


Example 5
RNA Lariats to Identify Sepsis

This EXAMPLE demonstrates the collecting of RNA sequencing data from a complex tissue (blood), rather than a cell line, and uses computational biology techniques to analyze the data.


RNA splicing occurs directly after DNA transcription, but before protein translation. RNA splicing by a two-step esterification process with the formation of an intermediary lariat formed by the intron and joining of the 5′ and 3′ splice sites. Introns typically degrade rapidly.


The biology of lariats has recently been identified as important as it relates to viral biology. The DBR1 gene encodes for the only RNA debranching enzyme. Mutations of DBR1 increase susceptibility to HSV1 and increase viral brainstem infections in humans. Assessing the RNA lariat counts in the critically ill trauma patients could predict poor outcomes or prolonged immune suppression. The inventers undertook the mouse model of critical illness (CLP). Assessing for the resolution or return to a healthy level of lariat counts could be a marker to identify immune suppression or those patients at risk for a complication.


The identification of lariats from RNA sequencing data had been difficult. The William G. Fairbrother laboratory created a method to count lariats from RNA sequencing data. Taggart et al., Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 19, 719-721 (2012).


In a fifth assay, the preliminary data suggests that in the critically ill mouse, the typical metabolism of RNA lariats is changed, resulting in an accumulation of lariats in the blood. The inventors found that the blood of mice with the critical illness have higher lariat counts compared to the control mice.


Example 6
Traumatic Shock

Lungs from healthy mice had an average of 3877 viral reads. Lungs from critically ill mice had on average 6956 viral reads. Blood from healthy mice had 4866 viral reads. Blood from critically ill mice had 3480 viral reads. Lungs from critically ill mice were more likely to have unmapped reads originating from viral genomes when compared to lungs from healthy mice (0.36% in critically ill, 0.21% in healthy; p-value=0.032). This could be due to critical illness leading to a compromised immune response that allows for viral reactivation and a higher viral load in lungs of critically ill mice. Traylen et al., Future Virol., 6(4), 451-63 (April 2011).


Blood of healthy mice were more likely to have unmapped reads originating from viral genomes than blood of critically ill mice (0.05% in critically ill, 0.11% in healthy; p-value=0.026). There are several explanations for why healthy mice could have increased viral loads in the blood compared to critically ill mice. Mature lymphocytes are constantly recirculating through blood and lymphatic organs. Charles et al., Immunobiol. Immune Syst. Health Dis. 5th Ed. (2001). In critical illness, the release of pro-inflammatory mediators may compound the intensity of immune surveillance, as documented in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Duggal et al., Science Reports, 8(1), 1-11 (Jul. 5, 2018).


Change in leukocyte populations in critically ill mice may lead to a higher number of RNA-producing polymorphonucleocytes (PMN) in blood, which reduces the total viral RNA signal in critically ill mouse blood. Therefore, steps are taken to enrich for lymphocytes and monocytes to reduce RNA reads from PMNs.


This traumatic shock EXAMPLE demonstrated an association between critical illness and higher viral loads in mouse lung, lending promise to the clinical use of viral loads as a marker of critical illness.


Example 7
Processing RNA Sequencing Data to Aid in the Care of Sepsis Patients

More should be known about RNA biology, specifically alternative RNA splicing, in the sepsis population.


Over 90% of human genes with multiple exons require alternative splicing events to produce functional proteins. Pan et al., Nature Genetics 40, 1413-1415 (2008). RNA splicing creates a large natural source of variation of the transcribed gene to the produced protein product. RNA splicing is under exquisite control under normal conditions. Fever, hypothermia, and osmotic stress from fluid shifts can influence RNA splicing in vitro and change RNA splicing, altering protein expression. Gultyaev et al., TSitologiia i Genetika, 48, 40-44 (2014); Lemieux et al., PloS One 10, e0126654 (2015); Mahen et al., PLoS Biology 8, e1000307 (2010). Acidosis influences RNA splicing. Elias & Dias, Cancer Microenvironment, 1 131-139 (2008). Hypoxia also influences RNA splicing. Romero-Garcia et al., Experimental Lung Research 40, 12-21 (2014); Kasim et al., The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289, 26973-26988 (2014). The effects of physiologic stress on RNA splicing should be better known. The pathological significance of changes induced RNA splicing process and proteins should be better understood.


This EXAMPLE shows the use of deep RNA sequencing data using computational biology methods (RNA splicing entropy, lariat counts, viral identification, and B and T cell epitope creation) and apply these methods to three distinct data sets: mouse of different strains undergoing sepsis, deceased sepsis patients who participated in the GTEx project, and human sepsis patients.


RNA splicing entropy after sepsis. RNA splicing is a basic molecular function in all cells. This EXAMPLE uses the global index/marker of RNA splicing called ‘RNA splicing entropy’ a calculation of the precision of RNA splicing typically occurring. The entropy and thus the disorder, is maximal when the probability of all events P (xi) is equally likely and the outcome is most uncertain. This calculation is done for each type of alternative splicing event: skipped exon, retained intron, alternative donor (3′ splice site), and alternative acceptor (5′ splice site). The alternative splicing events with high entropy are identified using Whippet.


A lower percentage of RNA slicing entropy may predict increased mortality or more complications, particularly infections, in patients with sepsis. Previous work on cancer samples has shown that RNA splicing entropy is increased in the tumor compared to the healthy tissue in many cancer types. From the preliminary data in mice with and without ARDS after sepsis, RNA splicing entropy is less in the blood, 7.7% vs 10.7%, p=0.1. RNA splicing entropy was calculated for total white blood cell components of mice with critical illness caused by hemorrhage and cecal ligation and puncture and compared to controls. The RNA from blood and the lungs of mice was extracted, processed, and then subjected to deep RNA sequencing.


Obtaining this data demonstrates the ability to isolate RNA samples from the target organ tissues of interest in the mouse model system. This EXAMPLE demonstrates the ability to process the complex data using computational biology and custom scripts that result from RNA sequencing. This preliminary data suggests that the process of RNA splicing in critical illness is different compared to the controls, changes in RNA splicing entropy may be a reflection/response to or a mechanism driving pathological processes that drive mortality and morbidity in patients with sepsis. Genes with significant alternative splicing and high entropy in the mouse after sepsis may be target for intervention. These genes of interest are identified using machine-learning techniques and compared across both humans and mice.


Assessment of viral activity after sepsis. In the initial assessment of RNA sequencing data, the reads are aligned to the genome of the species the sample came from. The unmapped reads can account for up to 20% of the data and this data is typically discarded. From this Read Origin Protocol analysis of multiple data sets (including GTEx data), the inventors found their protocol accounted for 99.9% of all reads. The data typically discarded was then analyzed in a seven-step process. Two of those steps are of particular interest because of the relevance to critical care: Viral reads and B and T cell receptor rearrangement.


Identification of viruses after sepsis is a marker of immune suppression since there is data suggesting sepsis re-activates herpes infections. Cook et al., Critical Care Medicine, 31, 1923-1929 ((2003)). Much current research is focused on these mechanisms and interventions. Viral counts could correlate with immune suppression or complications. This is important because of the re-activation data. RNA sequencing data from the lungs of control mice showed fewer viral reads (3877) compared to mice after sepsis (6956, p=0.032). In the blood the opposite was true. Control had 4866 counts versus sepsis with 3480 counts (p=0.026). This difference between tissue types could be due to a multitude of reasons, such as latent infections, like CMV, in the lung. Because blood is the most accessible tissue type, the efforts for the human samples should focus on the blood.


Assessment of immune cell epitopes after sepsis. During critical illness, the immune system is activated and likely creating new receptors to respond to challenges/pathogens. These epitopes come from lymphocytes, known to be reduced in sepsis with resolution to normal levels linked to recovery. Heffernan et al., Critical Care, 16, R12 (2012). While the count of lymphocytes themselves is useful, measuring the number and diversity of the epitopes could provide further insights into immune suppression after sepsis.


In the mouse model, preliminary data shows fewer epitopes in the lung of mice after sepsis, compared to control. This demonstrates the ability to analyze data from a mouse model and characterize B and T cell epitopes via computational methods. Like lymphocytes, the production of epitopes may reduce. Recovery should correlate with a return to normal immune state.


The above-described methods to assess for immune suppression in sepsis patients by analysis of RNA sequencing data to understand RNA biology are applied to these samples.


For analysis of RNA splicing entropy, lariat counts, viral identification, and B and T cell epitope creation in the mouse model, using pilot data, using forty mice (twenty critically ill, twenty healthy controls) should have 80% power to detect a difference at a two-tailed alpha of 0.05. This method is used for each of the three mouse variants.


At the time points of twenty-four hours after cecal ligation and puncture and fourteen days after cecal ligation and puncture, mice are sacrificed, and organs procured. Organs to be collected are brain, lung, heart, kidney, liver, spleen, and blood. RNA from these samples is isolated as described below. The time point of twenty-four hours after CLP is selected as that is the time of most significant organ dysfunction. The time point of fourteen days is selected, since this is the point at which a mouse would be considered a survivor after this challenge.


RNA from blood samples in the mouse are processed using the MasterPure Complete RNA Purification (epicenter, Madison Wis., USA) kit for mice. Due to the high concentration of globin RNA in blood samples, these samples can then be further processed with the GLOBINclear Kit (epicenter, Madison Wis., USA). From blood one of skill in the molecular biological art can get 30-50 nanograms per microliter, with a total blood volume isolated from the mouse of about one mL. RNA from lung, heart, brain, kidney, liver, and spleen samples are extracted using MasterPure Complete RNA Purification kit for mice. After RNA samples are processed, the RNA was sequenced using standard techniques, for example by Deep RNA sequencing with a goal of 100,000,000 reads per sample. All samples should require at least 1400 nanograms of RNA for deep sequencing.


Human samples. Patients are recruited under Institutional Review Board approval and after consent is obtained. Blood samples are obtained from pre-existing catheters to minimize the risk. Blood samples are collected on admission and serially while the patient is in the intensive care unit. Samples are collected in PAXgene tubes and stored in an −80 C freezer until isolation of RNA for sequencing is needed. RNA sequencing is done in batches to minimize cost. For this experiment, it is expected 300 sepsis patients are recruited (average of 100 the first three years to allow analysis over the final two years of the project).


Control samples are obtained from healthy patients undergoing routine laboratory analysis at outpatient facilities. Blood from these patients is collected in PAXgene tubes and stored in an −80 C freezer until isolation of RNA for sequencing is needed. RNA sequencing is done in batches to minimize cost. Healthy controls are matched to sepsis patients based upon demographic/clinical data. Recruitment aims for 300 patients total (average 100 each year over the first three years). Sample size calculations for the recruitment of humans was done based upon initial results from the mice assays. Preliminary data from humans with sepsis shows more variation compared to the mice data. These differences from humans are accounted for by several things such as age, sex, medical co-morbidities, and variations in the timing of collection from the point of the sepsis.


RNA from blood samples from humans are processed using the MasterPure Complete RNA Purification (epicenter, Madison Wis., USA) kit for humans. Due to the high concentration of globin RNA in blood samples, these samples can then be further processed with the GLOBINclear Kit (epicenter, Madison Wis., USA). All samples require at least 1400 nanograms of RNA for deep sequencing, e.g., by Deep RNA sequencing with a goal of 100,000,000 reads per sample.


Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx). The GTEx data has over 500 patients included with at least one sample that has undergone RNA sequencing. Extensive clinical data is available on these participants. The data can stratify the patients into early deaths (<36 hours) and late deaths (>36 hours). This classification and comparison between the groups was done as it highlights a population who could be intervened upon. The patients who die later die because of immune suppression leading to complications from sepsis. Earlier identification of immune suppression could change outcomes. The GTEx samples have been collected and undergone RNA sequencing. This sequencing data are analyzed as described above.


Innovativeness. RNA sequencing technology affords an avenue to bring precision medicine to sepsis patients. The inventors used blood samples from sepsis patients, process them and obtain RNA sequencing data of similar quality to that of cell lines or solid tissue samples. Monaghan et al., Shock, 47, 100 (2017). RNA sequencing allows for understanding not only the gene expression but also RNA biology. RNA is unstable compared to DNA. Kara & Zacharias, Biopolymers, 101, 418-427 (2014). RNA is influenced by the specific cellular environment (altered in sepsis).


Conceptual Innovation. Past work on sepsis and molecular mechanisms has been focused on gene transcription and protein expression. The process of alternative RNA splicing also can influence the expression of a protein independent of the gene expression. Chang et al., Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 13, 242-252 (2010); Fredericks et al., Biomolecules, 5, 893-909 (2015).


By comparing findings in mice to humans using the publicly available RNA sequencing data from GTEx and human samples from the Intensive Care Unit, the inventors can establish the nature/type of RNA splicing common across species.


By determining the temporal relationship of changes in RNA splicing entropy, RNA lariats, viral identification, and B and T cell epitope creation with developing complications/mortality, the inventors can establish whether RNA biology can provide insight to immune suppression after sepsis.


Assessing information in the unmapped reads (viral and B/T cell epitopes) to determine clinical significance is using data that is typically discarded. This is like the use of lymphocyte counts to predict sepsis outcomes. Heffernan et al., Critical Care, 16, R12 (2012).


Technical innovation. RNA is isolated from complex tissues from both mice and humans. The isolate RNA is of high enough quality to allow for deep RNA sequencing. This analysis has only previously been done on cell line or cancer samples.


The inventors can use a series of analytical algorithms; initially, using the STAR aligner, then Whippet to assess and characterize splicing events and splicing entropy. This analysis is done across GTEx data, mice with sepsis and humans with sepsis.


The inventors can use the Read Origin Protocol as a basis. The inventors can modify as appropriate to assess viral content and B/T cell epitopes in data obtained from mouse models of sepsis, GTEx, and humans with sepsis.


The inventors can apply the scripts used previously to calculate lariat counts from RNA sequencing data. Taggart et al., Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 19, 719-721 (2012). The RNA sequencing data is obtained from mouse models of sepsis, GTEx, and humans with sepsis.


Assaying the large amount of data that comes from RNA sequencing is commonly not successful due to several reasons. The analyses have biases for which controls are not in place, the large data should produce a statistically significant result but is it biologically and clinically significant. Using multiple biologic outputs (RNA splicing entropy, lariat counts, viral identification, and B and T cell epitope creation) across three samples (GTEx, mouse model, and humans) mitigate.


By assaying RNA splicing entropy, lariat counts, viral identification, and B and T cell epitope creation, one of ordinary skill in the molecular biological art can identify patients with this prolonged immune suppression.


Analyzing data already collected, such as using the GTEx data, and data like the unmapped reads from RNA sequencing supports creativity. This data would typically be ignored, but with the proper clinical relevance, the data can be reanalyzed and potentially find new biomarkers. The lymphocyte counts on a complete blood count with differential, a potential biomarker in the sepsis population. Heffernan et al., Critical Care, 16, R12 (2012).


Analysis of RNA sequencing data can provide one marker of the severity of the critical illness.


Evaluating RNA biology and outcomes after sepsis. Next generation RNA sequencing allows for the analysis of the RNA and assessment of not only gene expression but also other biological processes (alternative splicing, changes in transcription start and end). Correlating genomic information from high throughput sequencing technologies about a patient on arrival to the hospital with outcomes such as death and complications like infection should improve care. Since RNA is not as stable as DNA, assessing RNA are more sensitive to the physiologic stress in sepsis. The inventors can assess how the physiologic stress of sepsis influences RNA biology and alters proteins. Assaying RNA biology in critical care sepsis patients should translate to other patients with critical care after diseases.


By high throughput RNA sequencing the inventors can assay gene expression and the RNA processing events of alternative transcription start/end and alternative RNA splicing of from leukocytes in the blood. All three of these biological processes influence protein expression via generation of the RNA (gene expression), changing the beginning and end of the RNA (alternative transcription start/end), and changing the isoforms that are expressed (alternative RNA splicing). The combination of these three modalities creates a ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ and better identifies expressed proteins in the sepsis population as compared to the typical use of gene expression alone, compared to DNA, RNA is more influenced by the physiologic derangements seen in sepsis such as hypoxia and acidosis in cell culture. Elias & Dias, Cancer Microenvironment, 1(1),131-9 (2008); Kasim et al., The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(39), 26973-88 (2014).


In an intensive care unit, monitoring of physiology correlates to improved clinical outcome. Clinicians do not monitor how this physiology impacts RNA biology. Using high throughput sequencing, the inventors assay RNA biology in sepsis patients. The understanding of RNA biology at the time of injury should predict mortality, complications, and other outcomes in sepsis patients. Three aims are tested using a mouse model of sepsis, data from GTEx of sepsis patients, and blood from sepsis patients with correlation to outcomes.


Aim 1: Identify changes in RNA biology (gene expression, alternative transcription start/end, and alternative RNA splicing) in the blood before and after a pre-clinical mouse model of sepsis and compare to controls.


Aim 2: Using the data available from the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) project correlate findings in the mouse model to these sepsis patients (81 patients).


Aim 3: Enroll critically ill sepsis patients and identify aspects of RNA biology that identify and predict outcomes (mortality, infection).


These analyses use data from high throughput sequencing and cloud computing to establish findings of RNA biology that correlate and predict outcomes in sepsis patients. This data comes from an ancestrally diverse sepsis population and can be applied to sepsis patients across the country and to multiple critically ill patient populations.


New technology has come that allows for analysis of all genes, not just those identified by the technology at the time. Tompkins, The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 78(4), 671-86 (2015). With RNA sequencing technology, particularly at the depth identified (80-100 million reads) needed for RNA biology assessment, the inventors can assess all genes transcribed, not just those identified as important with older technology. The analysis of all transcribed genes allows for the identification of genes that may be important for trauma, that in the past were overlooked, likely due to low transcription levels, with RNA sequencing technology the inventors can assay RNA biology (alternative transcription start/end and alternative RNA splicing), for a complete understanding of what genes are ultimately translated to functional proteins. Hardwick et al., Frontiers in Genetics, 10, 709 (2019).


Over 90% of human genes with multiple exons require alternative splicing events to produce functional proteins, creating a potentially large natural source of variation of the transcribed gene to the produced protein product. Pan et al., Nature Genetics, 40(12), 1413-5 (2008). Splicing is under exquisite control under normal conditions. Some conditions common in trauma, such as fever, hypothermia, and osmotic stress from fluid shifts can influence RNA splicing in vitro and change RNA splicing, altering protein expression. Gultyaev et al., TSitologiia i Genetika, 48(6), 40-4 (2014); Lemieux et al., PloS One, 10(5), e0126654 (2015); Mahen et al., PLoS Biology, 8(2), e1000307 (2010).


Using a mouse model of trauma caused by hemorrhage followed by cecal ligation and puncture, the inventors reported that alternative RNA splicing results in expression of varied isoforms of an immune modulating protein (programmed cell death receptor-1, PD-1). Preliminary data on RNA splicing entropy indicate that global RNA splicing is modified in the mouse model of trauma. Ritchie et al., PLoS Computational Biology, 4(3), e1000011 (2008). Increased RNA splicing entropy is also present in other pathologic conditions, such as cancers, as compared to normal tissue. Ritchie et al., PLoS Computational Biology, 4(3), e1000011 (2008). Increased entropy is characteristic of disease states and could be a marker of critical illness after sepsis.


Sepsis patients are a good population in which to assay critical illness and generalize the findings to other patients. A population of sepsis patients is an ideal group to assay genomic factors as previous research has been hindered by lack of racial and ethnic diversity. Multiple factors cause minorities to avoid healthcare. Chikani et al., Public Health Reports, 131(5), 704-10 (2016). By assaying sepsis patients, the inventors can collect data from a diverse population that is more in line with the general population and not the population that seeks healthcare. The findings are more generalizable, especially among an ancestrally diverse population.


Protocols for sepsis have improved outcomes. Rhodes et al., Intensive Care Medicine, 41(9), 1620-8 (2015). Sepsis can cause critical illness in a young population. The response to sepsis should not be influenced by co-morbidities associated with an increasingly aged population, but the inventors can collect co-morbidities to assess if there is an impact.


Genomic medicine is an ideal target for sepsis patients but is limited by sequencing technologies. Although genomic medicine is typically defined as using genomic information about an individual patient as part of their clinical care, this definition cannot be applied to sepsis patients or any critically ill patients.


Next generation RNA sequencing takes about 18 hours on an Illumina machine, but this does not include time for data analysis. Since the data are delayed until the outcome of the patient is known, data analysis can be blinded to allow for more robust conclusions, through this work, the efficiencies in computation biology can be elucidated so that when the sequencing technology speeds up, the analysis are quick enough to have a clinically relevant time frame (less than one hour) from sample acquisition to actionable result.


Thus, there is value in understanding of how stressors associated with sepsis can affect RNA biology (RNA splicing (and entropy) and alternative transcription start/end) and how changes in the RNA biology leads to altered protein product expression, contributing to potential dysfunction at a cell and tissue level.


Innovation. Past work focusing on trauma and molecular mechanisms has been focused on gene transcription and protein expression. The process of alternative RNA splicing and alternative transcription start/end both have the potential to influence the expression of a protein independent of the gene expression. Chang et al., Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 13(3), 242-52 (2010); Fredericks et al., Biomolecules, 5(2), 893-909 (2015). By comparing findings in mice to humans using the publicly available RNA sequencing data from GTEx and human samples from the Trauma Intensive Care Unit the inventors can establish the nature/type of RNA biology that is common across species.


In determining the temporal relationship of changes in RNA biology with developing complications/mortality, the inventors can establish whether RNA biology can provide insight to immune suppression after sepsis.


Knowledge of RNA biology in the critically ill is useful because previous work on this process has focused largely on chronic diseases and genetic diseases.


The combination of gene expression, RNA splicing, and transcription start/end create a ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ that can be followed during the patients hospital stay.


RNA is isolated from complex tissues from both mice and humans. The isolate RNA is of high enough quality to allow for deep RNA sequencing. This analysis has only previously been done on cell line or cancer samples.


The inventors can use a series of analytical algorithms using the STAR aligner, then Whippet, to assess and characterize RNA biology. Results from Whippet are compared to mountainClimber to ensure accurate data as it pertains to alternative transcription start and end. This analysis is done across GTEx data, mice with sepsis and humans with sepsis.


Using multiple biologic outputs (alternative RNA splicing, including entropy, alternative transcription start/end) across three different samples (GTEx, mouse model, and humans in the trauma intensive care unit) should mitigate some of the potential flaws.


Preliminary data regarding trauma. In a small cohort of trauma patients from GTEx, three patients form the early death cohort (<48 hours) were compared to six patients from the late death cohort (>/=48 hours). In this comparison, 524 genes are significantly increased in the late death versus the early death. In the late death group, 2331 genes are decreased compared to the early death group. The GO terms associated with the genes that decreased expression in the late group compared to the early group are valid based upon previous research. The terms with a decrease in expected representation in the GO terms reference mitochondrial biology. This decrease in GO terms likely represents that genes are increased in expression at the early death time point. Mitochondrial molecular patterns have been a component of the early response to trauma and those genes would be increased in the early group. (37, 38) anemia occurs during trauma. In the late group, genes associated with erythrocyte development are over-represented, suggesting increase expression in the late death group compared to the early death group. These few GO terms and correlation to phenotypes of trauma, suggest use of early versus late death is a valid clinical tool. This preliminary data shows the ability to access, manage, and analyze GTEx data with clinically significant groups using modern computational biology techniques. Using GO terms allows us to prove clinical relevance. This project aims to obtain and analyze all the trauma samples from GTEx. The inventors can also use similar computational approaches with the prospectively collected data from trauma patients.


Multiple alternative RNA splicing events and alternative transcription start, and events are detected, but there are fewer that are significant. Using the same cohort as above, this preliminary date from GTEx data, alternative splicing and alternative transcription events are characterized using Whippet. Multiple events were identified to be alternative RNA splicing and alternative transcription start/end in the blood samples. When comparing the groups there were only significant differences when assessing alternative RNA splicing and not alternative transcription start and end. This data confirms that alternative RNA splicing is an active process during trauma and could predict mortality and outcomes in trauma patients, genes with changes in splicing, and potentially transcription start/end could identify useful targets. The combination of gene expression, splicing and transcription start/end could alter what proteins were thought to have increased gene expression and subsequent protein transcription have altered processing resulting in new isoforms or changes in transcription. These findings highlight the ability to access GTEx data, categorize the samples in a clinically relevant manner, and process the RNA sequencing data with advanced computational methods, such as Whippet.


RNA splicing, specifically RNA splicing entropy shows differences after trauma. From the preliminary data in mice with and without, the inventors can show that in the blood there is less RNA splicing entropy, 7.7% versus 10.7%, p=0.1. RNA splicing entropy was calculated using Whippet. The percentage of each type of splicing event with an entropy of >1.5 (Alternative Donor, Alternative Acceptor, Retained Intron, and Skipped Exon). Using the mouse model of trauma, RNA splicing entropy was calculated for total white blood cell components of mice after trauma caused by hemorrhage with cecal ligation and puncture (n=3) and compared to controls (n=3). The RNA from blood was extracted, processed, and then subjected to deep RNA sequencing. This preliminary data suggests that the process of RNA splicing in critical illness is different compared to the controls, changes in RNA splicing entropy may be a reflection/response to or a mechanism driving pathological processes that drive mortality and morbidity in patients with trauma. Obtaining this data demonstrates the ability to isolate RNA samples from the target organ tissues of interest in the mouse model system. This EXAMPLE demonstrates the ability to process the complex data using computational biology and custom scripts that result from RNA sequencing.


The trauma patients in the intensive care unit provide an ancestrally diverse population and adequate numbers to correlate mortality and other complications. The trauma intensive care unit admits over 750 patients a year with 20% of those patients coming from an ancestrally diverse background. The enrollment is in line with the general population, even though underrepresented minorities seek medical care at a reduced rate. One aspect to this invention is the correlation of the RNA sequencing data to mortality and complications.


This EXAMPLE shows the importance of not only predicting mortality, but also using RNA sequencing data to predict complications as patients with complications had a higher mortality (7.7%). Mortality could be influenced. This data shows the trauma center has the volume of patients in the intensive care unit to have an appropriately powered study.


Over four years, 520 patients can be enrolled based on sample size calculations, with fewer than the 3000 expected admissions proving feasibility.











TABLE 4





Aim
Suggested Type of Research
Application







1
Integration of other data types,
A model organism (mouse



such as environmental data, family
after trauma) will provide



history, transcriptomics,
the basis for other



epigenomics, functional data, or
analyses in humans after



model organism data to improve
trauma. Multiple strains



assessment of clinical validity or
will mimic the diverse



clinical utility of genomic
human population.



information.


2
Assessment of improved
GTEx data are re-analyzed



approaches for reanalyzing patient
using modern approaches and



genomic data and understanding
a unique population (early



its impact on clinical care.
versus late trauma deaths)


3
Evaluation of modern approaches
Trauma patients will provide



to interpreting genomic data in
an ancestrally diverse



ancestrally diverse populations in
population to assay this



clinical settings
clinical genomic date.









This approach uses RNA sequencing data from a mouse model of trauma, re-analysis of existing genomic data in GTEx about early versus late trauma deaths, and samples from ancestrally diverse critically ill trauma patients uniquely suited to provide clinical information applicable across many clinical scenarios, particularly critically ill patients with cancer, sepsis, stroke, or myocardial infarction. The analysis of the RNA data from next generation sequencing technology creates a ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ for each trauma patient. Understanding the RNA biology at the time of injury can predict outcomes (mortality and complications) in trauma patients. The method to test the three aims, the expected result, and the potential impact are summarized in TABLE 5.












TABLE 5





Aim
Method
Result
Impact







1
Mouse model of
Changes in RNA biology
These findings provide the



trauma, assessing
predict mortality after the
foundation for predicting



blood before
mouse model of trauma.
mortality and complications



trauma, after
The results seen at 24
in critically ill trauma



trauma, and in
hours differ from those
patients. Data seen at 24



survivors
identified at 14 days.
hours and 14 days correlate





with patients who die early





versus late.


2
81 deceased
Changes in RNA biology
This are the foundation for



trauma patients
are identified in early
analysis of RNA data from



from GTEx, 23
versus late trauma deaths
trauma patients during their



early deaths and
and these correlate with
hospital stay.



58 late deaths
mouse data.


3
Critically ill trauma
Changes in RNA biology
Using RNA sequencing data



patients assessing
on admission predict
predict mortality and



blood on
complications and
complications and enhance



admission and
mortality. changes over
care of trauma patients with



throughout course
the hospital course
applicability to all intensive




correlate with long-term
care unit patients.




outcomes.









Aim 1: Identify changes in RNA biology (gene expression, alternative transcription start/end, and alternative RNA splicing) in the blood before and after a pre-clinical mouse model of trauma and compare to controls.


Rationale: to determine if altered RNA biology in its various forms can predict outcomes, RNA sequencing data must be collected at various time points during the traumatic injury. The inventors can establish the equivalency of such a pre-clinical animal model to what is encountered clinically. The inventors previously used a mouse model of hemorrhagic shock followed my septic shock by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Monaghan et al., J. Transl. Med., 14(1), 312 (2016). This mouse model mimics a trauma patient with hemorrhagic shock from an extremity injury who then had a missed bowel injury resulting in severe critical illness. Using this mouse model, the inventors can obtain blood at the initial injury and assess if changes in RNA biology, to predict mortality from the severe trauma model. Using a mouse model allows for acquisition of blood samples at multiple time points (twenty-four hours after injury and in those mice that survived). The inventors can first assess if RNA biology in the blood can predict mortality, if changes in RNA biology are seen twenty-four hours after injury, and how these correlate to the RNA biology of survivors at fourteen days.


Test 1: Assess RNA sequencing data and identify genes with changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end to develop the ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ from shed blood in the mouse model of trauma to predict outcomes. Mice (8-12 weeks old) undergo hemorrhagic shock followed by CLP to mimic the critical illness that a trauma would undergo after hemorrhagic shock from an extremity injury complicated by a missed small bowel injury. Mice are used from the background of C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, and CAST to simulate the heterogeneity of humans. Each group has twenty-four (twelve sham and twelve trauma) mice for each strain based upon statistical calculations. C57BL/6J mice have a 30% survival at fourteen days. The shed blood from the hemorrhage component is collected. Although this blood is collected before the effects of hemorrhage, this time point can mimic an early time point in trauma, since the mice have undergone anesthesia and isolation/catheter insertion of the artery. RNA is isolated, sequenced and analyzed as described. The mice that survive to fourteen days can also be sacrificed and used in Test 2.


Test 2: Assess RNA sequencing data and identify genes with changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end to develop the ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ from the blood of mice at twenty-four hours and fourteen days after trauma. Mice (8-12 weeks old) undergo hemorrhagic shock followed by CLP to mimic a severe trauma. Mice are used from the background of C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, and CAST. Mice are sacrificed at twenty-four hours after CLP. Mice that survive to fourteen days are also sacrificed to assess RNA biology at that point among the survivors. Appropriate controls for each type of background mice undergo sham procedures. Based upon previous work, six mice are needed for each group. After mice are sacrificed (CO2 overdose followed by direct cardiac puncture) at either twenty-four hours or fourteen days after CLP blood are harvested. RNA from blood samples in the mouse are processed.


Human samples. Through collaboration with the military, soldiers in combat areas could be consented to donate blood before deployment. This blood would then undergo RNA sequencing and be compared to samples collected if there was an unfortunate traumatic injury. Many previous efforts using animal models to treat diseases such as sepsis failed to translate to humans. Fink & Warren. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 13(10), 741-58 (2014). The inventors previously studied conditions in mice with correlation to humans. Monaghan et al., J. Transl. Med., 14(1), 312 (2016); Monaghan et al., Molecular Medicine, 24(1), 32 (2018); Monaghan et al., Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 213(3), S54-S5 (2011); Monaghan et al. Annals of Surgery 255(1), 158-84 (2012). Trauma research may have better translatable results because of the timing of the disease. In trauma, the time of the event is known. This timing correlates with the induced trauma in the mouse. In sepsis, the time point at which sepsis started in the mouse is known. In humans, the time at which sepsis starts is impossible to know, as exemplified by inability to understand when an appendix may perforate. Iacobellis et al., Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR, 37(1), 31-6 (2016). This is limited because it is a controlled traumatic challenge and should produce very consistent response to trauma. In humans, no trauma is the same. The number of humans needed to detect a difference is more since the traumas are not similar. Humans have more heterogeneity adjusted for by using multiple mouse strains. The inventors can account for differences in trauma by using the Injury Severity Score. The ISS of this challenge on the mouse is twenty-five, and this is the target average ISS of patients enrolled.


Aim 2: Using the data available from the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) project correlate findings in the mouse model to these trauma patients (eighty-one patients).


Rationale. Using the GTEx data, the inventors can assess RNA biology in the blood of trauma patients. The GTEx data has over 500 patients included with at least one sample that has undergone RNA sequencing. The patients in the GTEx data set have extensive clinical data available. Unfortunately, all patients in this data set are deceased. This should be considered in interpretation of the data. To adjust for the fact all patients are deceased, the inventors use the time to procurement of the RNA from the death of the patient as a variable due to adjust for RNA degradation and other metrics as suggested by the GTEx consortium. (50) Trauma patients are selected (n=81) and identified as early (<48 hours) versus late death (>/=48 hours). The inventors can compare RNA biology between trauma patients who died early versus late and compare it to findings in a mouse model of mice who died early (twenty-four hours) versus survivors (fourteen days)


Test 1: Assess RNA sequencing data and identify genes with changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end to develop the ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ the blood of deceased trauma patients and compare among early and late deaths. There are 81 unique trauma patients in the data set with blood samples. These patients are aged 20-68, in line with the age of typical trauma patients. The GTEx samples have been collected and undergone RNA sequencing. RNA sequencing data are aligned to the human genome with STAR. RNA Splicing events are assessed using Whippet and characterized into one of the five alternative splicing events: skipped exon, retained intron, mutually exclusive exon, alternative 3′ splice site, and alternative 5′ splice site. Entropy calculations are completed using Whippet. Alternative transcription events from Whippet are compared to outputs from mountainClimber.


Test 2: Correlation of changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end (the ‘transcriptomic phenotype’) in the blood of humans to the mouse samples. From mouse model (Aim 1) changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription are identified and these are compared to findings in the human GTEx data (Aim 2, Test 1). The mouse model data are taken from mice at twenty-four hours after CLP and at fourteen days after CLP. This data is compared to the human data of early (<48 hours) and late (>/=48 hours) death. The identical genetic background of laboratory mice (despite coming from three strains) allows for assumptions to be made about significance of changes at a higher resolution, due to the certainty of the genetic model. Simultaneously it creates uncertainty about the validity of findings, due to a lack of comparability to humans that experience conditions outside of the laboratory. Human data is plagued by an equal and opposite effect as data derived from animal models. The homogeneity of the mouse model is replaced with heterogeneity due to factors such as age, sex, co-morbidities, and differences in the trauma. By coupling the certainty provided by the homogeneity of the mouse model, and the uncertainty provided by the heterogeneity of the human model, the inventors create a powerful tool with the potential to validate results from mouse analyses in humans. Comparing events across species can identify RNA biology events and genes that are important at both the early and late time point. These findings are compared to those found in the prospective collected data from trauma patients.


Human samples. In this sample set, all the patients are dead. Since RNA is unstable compared to DNA, adjustments in the comparisons between groups during the analysis must be made for the time it took for samples to be collected and RNA isolated. The mouse work is comparing to mice that are alive but were sacrificed. The GTEx consortium, to adjust for problems associated with deceased donors, has described multiple methods. Carithers et al., Biopreservation and Biobanking, 13(5), 311-9 (2015).


Aim 3: Enroll critically ill trauma patients and identify aspects of RNA biology that identify and predict outcomes (mortality, infection).


Rationale: A current challenge with the data from the animal models is ensuring translation to humans. This aim allows for complete translation of mouse data to humans. The human population of interest are patients admitted to the Trauma Intensive Care Unit (TICU).


Test 1: Assess RNA sequencing data and identify genes with changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end in the blood can be prospectively detected and use this ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ in trauma patients on arrival and be correlated to mortality. Trauma patients are recruited from the trauma intensive care unit, which has an average of over 750 patients, admitted each year (over the last three years) and an average injury severity score (ISS) of 13, but the goal is to enroll patients with an average ISS of 25 to mimic the mouse model. Blood is collected in PAXgene tubes and stored at −80 C after informed consent is obtained. Samples are collected serially while in the ICU. Blood samples from patients are taken on admission (25 mL) and during the TICU stay when a complication is developed (25 mL). This causes the maximum for the initial 8-week period after the trauma. When the patient is recovered, at least eight weeks after the last blood draw, a final blood draw 50 mL of are done, potentially in the outpatient setting. Patients who survive the trauma are compared to patients who died. Clinical information for the trauma patients is collected from the trauma registry. The trauma registry is a database required as part of verification by the American College of Surgeons to be a trauma center. The data are standardized across the entire recruitment period. RNA is isolated using the PAXgene RNA Kit. RNA was sequenced (goal 80 to 100 million reads). RNA sequencing data are aligned to the human genome using the STAR aligner. Changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, alternative transcription start/end, and RNA splicing entropy are identified with Whippet. Alternative transcription findings are correlated with mountainClimber.


Test 2: Assess RNA sequencing data and identify genes with changes in expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription starts and end in the blood can be prospectively detected in trauma patients on arrival and use the ‘transcriptomic phenotype’ to correlate to outcomes and complications. Patients from the trauma intensive care unit identify differences in RNA biology between the healthy controls and trauma patients predict outcomes and complications. Outcomes and complications are recorded from the medical record and are defined in the trauma registry (and decided by trained coders). The trauma registry provides some demographic data, such as injury severity score to better quantify and adjust for the severity of the trauma across patients. Outcomes to follow and use as potential for prediction include mortality, hospital length of stay, intensive care unit length of stay, ventilator free days, and discharge disposition. Complications to be recorded again are taken from the trauma registry and include items such as infections (pneumonia, surgical site infections, urinary tract infection, bacteremia, sepsis), unplanned return to the operating room, unplanned return to the intensive care unit, tracheostomy, and feeding tube placement.


Human samples: In this sample set, all the patients are critically ill. Consenting patient who are critically ill requires a proxy and this can sometimes be difficult in the unexpected nature of trauma. The inventors have past success in consenting these patients. Human heterogeneity may make finding a significant difference between two groups difficult. Drastic difference (trauma patients in the intensive care unit survive versus die and those with complications) should allow for the identification of differences in RNA biology (‘transcriptomic phenotype’). All samples for this assay come from living patients.


Example 8
Survival Assay

All the test mice have the traumatic injury. They are maintained for fourteen days. At fourteen days all mice are sacrificed. The survival rate at fourteen days for the double hit model is 30%. The rate goes up to 70%. Monaghan et al. Annals of Surgery 255(1), 158-64 (2012). These estimates result in an effect size of h=0.823. A sample size of twenty-four per group during analysis would exceed 80% power at a 2-tailed alpha of 0.05 by a chi-square test of independent proportions, for survival analyses the inventors use twenty-four mice per group. This are done to ensure enough power to detect if RNA splicing at the initial challenge can predict survivors. Sham mice are operated (8 from each mouse background strain) at this time to procure samples at the 14-day time point.


RNA isolation and sequencing. RNA data from GTEx is extracted and sequenced per their protocols. RNA from mouse blood samples is processed using the MasterPure Complete RNA Purification (epicenter, Madison Wis., USA) kit for mice. Due to the high concentration of globin RNA in blood samples, these samples then be further processed with the GLOBINclear Kit (epicenter, Madison Wis., USA). From blood the inventors can get approximately 30-50 nanogram per microliter, with a total blood volume isolated from the mouse of about one mL. After RNA samples are processed, they are sequenced. All samples require at least 1400 nanograms of RNA for deep sequencing. Each sample are sent out (due to advancing technologies, costs of sequencing change frequently, therefore outside facility are chosen based upon cost during sample send out) for Deep RNA sequencing with a goal of 80 million to 100 million reads per sample.


Blood from trauma patients and healthy human control samples are collected using the PAXgene tubes (PreAnalytiX, Switzerland) and isolated using the PAXgene RNA kit (PreAnalytiX, Switzerland). Since it is impossible to predict the patients who die or have a complication on admission to the ICU, banked samples are used since the cost to perform RNA sequencing on the blood of all TICU patients at Rhode Island Hospital is impossible.


Assessment of clinical information. Clinical data relevant to the patient samples are collected from the trauma registry and the electronic medical record. This allows for collection of endpoints such as mortality. ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay, ventilator days, renal failure, ARDS, pneumonia, and other infectious complications. Besides data in the chart, the inventors also perform functional assessments at follow up after discharge. These would be based upon previous work in critical illness and use the 36-item short form (SF-36). The assessment is done at the 8+ week follow up.


Example 9
Alternative RNA Splicing and Alternative Transcription Start/End in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

The objective of this EXAMPLE is to use RNA sequencing data and analysis to identify useful gene targets in sepsis.


Alternatively spliced RNA arises from co/post-transcriptional events facilitated by the spliceosome, introns are removed to form the mature RNA from which protein isoforms are translated. Alternatively transcribed genes are the product of changes in promoter usage, polyadenylation signals, and RNA polymerase II interactions with DNA which can lead to changes in isoform usage like alternative splicing events. These are identified from the analysis of RNA sequencing data. Significant differentially alternatively transcribed genes and alternative spliced genes were identified and were overlapped with genes reported as ARDS related. See, Reilly et al., American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017). Of 89 reported ARDS related genes, 38 were confirmed in at least one differential category confirming that the use of humans and mice with DAD/ARDS is appropriate and robust (p=1.25e−14). Eleven previously reported genes were present in all categories. These eleven genes were evaluated for the change in alternative splicing and alternative transcription GO term enrichment analysis was performed on the eleven overlapping genes, revealing twenty significant biological processes including ontology related to aging, and response to abiotic/environmental stimuli. See FIG. 1. 1639 genes show overlap in alternative splicing and alternative transcription not previously in the literature. These genes were assessed for directionality alternative splicing and alternative transcription and GO terms. See TABLE 3 and TABLE 4.


Assaying the underlying changes in RNA processing (alternative splicing and alternative transcription start/end) not expands basic knowledge only of pathogenicity, but also provides additional targets for therapeutics. The most enriched GO term from the alternative splicing set, carboxy-terminal domain protein kinase complex (GO: 0032806) refers to phosphorylation of the CTD of RNA polymerase II, which is vital in regulating transcription and RNA processing. RNA polymerase complex binding (GO: 0000993), and transport of the SLBP Independent/Dependent mature mRNA (R-HSA-159227; R-HSA-159230) are among the most enriched. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing may have the dominate role in isoform usage in genes where expressions levels do not change, whereas alternative transcription may regulate isoform usage in genes that are more dynamically expressed during critical illness. Alternative splicing and alternative transcription may have separate roles in DAD/ARDS by regulating different genes to perform distinctive functions.


In this analysis of RNA sequencing data from deceased patients with ARDS identified by DAD and a clinically relevant mouse model of ARDS, useful genes are identified.


Overview. The inventors used RNA sequencing to identify changes in mRNA processing events (RNA splicing and transcription start/end sites) can be studied with RNA sequencing data. The inventors' strategy was to use the contrast how the processing of mRNA changes in lung and blood of patients with ARDS and compare to the lung and blood of a mouse model of ARDS.


Data. For this EXAMPLE, two main approaches were taken to obtain samples. The first was to use a validated mouse model of ARDS. Ayala et al., The American Journal of Pathology, 161, 2283-2294 (2002); Monaghan et al., Molecular Medicine (Cambridge, Mass., USA), 24, 32 (2018). All experiments were done according to guidelines from the National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, Md.). For the mouse model of ARDS. C57BL/6 male mice (The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Me., USA) between 10 and 12 weeks of age were used. ARDS was induced in the mice by hemorrhage (non-lethal shock) followed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The control group was sham hemorrhage followed by sham CLP.


The second approach was to identify patients in the GTEx Project with ARDS. All patients in the GTEx projects used in this EXAMPLE are deceased. A pathologist, blinded to the specimen ID and history, identified diffuse alveolar damage in lung samples from patients in GTEx. Most cases of clinical ARDS have diffused alveolar damage (DAD) morphologically. Zander & Farver, Pulmonary pathology e-book: A volume in foundations in diagnostic pathology series. (Elsevier Health Sciences, 2016). Classic DAD was identified based histologic features (For full description, please see supplement). Patients with evidence of diffuse alveolar damage in the lung and a corresponding blood and lung sample that had undergone RNA sequencing were placed in the ARDS group. Patients who had no evidence of diffuse alveolar damage in the pathology sample and a blood and lung sample with RNA sequencing were placed in the control group. Most cases of clinical acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have diffused alveolar damage (DAD) morphologically, which is divided into 2 phases: the acute/exudative phase and the organizing/proliferative phase. Other histologic patterns encountered in a clinical setting of ALI/ARDS include diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP), and the acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP). Eight patterns of acute lung injury are evaluated in this EXAMPLE. Zander & Farver, Pulmonary pathology e-book: A volume in foundations in diagnostic pathology series. (Elsevier Health Sciences, 2016). Classic DAD was graded 1-4 based on the histologic features. Other patterns of injury were scored using a semiquantitative system for extent and histologic characteristics. For extent, grade was assigned: grade 1 (1 point): up to 10% tissue involved, grade 2 (2 points): 11-30% tissue involved, grade 3 (3 points): 31-50% tissue involved and grade 4 (4 points): >50% tissue involved. Histologic characteristics including intra-alveolar fibrin (1 point), cellular alveolar debris (I point), type II pneumocyte hyperplasia (1 point) and capillaritis/vasculitis. Total points 6 or higher were considered as DAD. Despite this complex method for categorizing diffuse alveolar damage, using this to diagnose ARDS is a major limitation. DAD could be present in other pulmonary diseases. The value RNA sequencing data from the lungs and blood of patients can provide biologic insights despite these limitations.


Results. Alternative splicing events were observed at 2-fold higher abundance as compared to alternative transcription events, yet significant alternative transcription events between groups were observed at a 6-fold higher prevalence (p=2.2e−16). Eighty-two alternative transcription events were common across all ARDS tissues (human and mouse, blood and lung, p=2.72e−16). No significant alternative splicing events were detected across all four tissues. As alternative splicing is species and tissue specific, it is unlikely to find an event that occurs in lung tissue and blood tissue in both human and mouse. GO term analysis was also performed on the significant differentially processing events.


The full list is TABLE 3 and TABLE 4 in International patent application PCT/US2021/018218, which are incorporated by reference.


Example 10
SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and Nucleic Acid-Based Antiviral Therapies (RIH #332).

This invention disclosure describes a specific diagnostic. Determining which COVID-19 patients are at risk for severe disease and developing better anti-coronavirus therapies are clinical priorities. The invention leverages new information from genomic studies that demonstrate very limited, highly-specific regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome are transcriptionally active in the bloodstream of COVID-19 patients. The invention solves the problem of measuring viral load in the blood from infected patients to assess prognosis. Viral load measurements are central to the management and prognosis of patients with HIV infection. The inventors found that using SARS-CoV-2 viral load to identify patients with more severe COVID-19, track the disease's course, and follow the response to treatment. The same sequences are used to create antiviral, interfering RNAs that block viral gene expression specific for viremia. This therapy directly blocks genes for COVID-19 pathogenesis. The invention is superior to potential competitors because the genomic data informs the design of relevant oligonucleotides that increases the assay's sensitivity.


The invention measures the amount of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in patients' blood. This amount is elevated in patients critically ill with COVID-19. The results therefore provide information on the prognosis of individual patients. Interfering RNA that specifically targets these sequences reduce these genes' expression, interrupting viral replication and the downstream consequences of COVID-19. The open reading frame encoding the N protein also includes ORF9b, which has been shown to antagonize the action of antiviral type I interferon. Blocking this region of the virus enhance the host's endogenous antiviral response.


The invention can be used by all clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients. High or increasing SARS-CoV-2 viral loads identify those at the most significant risk for severe disease. The therapy is unique compared to those approved or under clinical trial.


Example 11
Deep Sequencing to Identify Targets for Detecting and Treating Pathogens

This invention disclosure describes a more general approach. Diagnostic testing for specific infections depends on a substantial understanding of the underlying pathogen. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAT) are increasingly used in clinical medicine, but developing a test is time-consuming and may miss NAT's optimal sequences. In the setting of a new pandemic like COVID-19, delays can be fatal. This invention leverages further information from deep sequencing of RNA from patients with specific infections to develop diagnostic targets and therapeutic strategies. Deep sequencing of RNA identifies the pathogen's most abundant RNA transcripts that establish a future work foundation. The approach is especially valuable for new pathogens poorly characterized because the RNA sequencing is unbiased and analyze known and unknown sequences.


The findings with SARS-CoV-2 illustrate the invention's potential. The sequencing studies demonstrate that very limited, highly specific regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome are transcriptionally active in the bloodstream of COVID-19 patients. The invention solves the problem of measuring viral load in the blood from infected patients to assess prognosis. Viral load measurements are central to the management and prognosis of patients with HIV infection. The inventors found that using SARS-CoV-2 viral load to identify patients with more severe COVID-19, track the disease's course, and follow the response to treatment. The same sequences can be used to create antiviral, interfering RNAs that block viral gene expression specific for viremia. This therapy directly blocks genes for COVID-19 pathogenesis. The invention is superior to potential competitors that focus on DNA sequencing, which misses all possible RNA viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and influenza. Testing the most abundant RNA sequences enhance diagnostic assays' sensitivity because there can be more target sequences to measure.


The invention is a technical approach to measure pathogen RNA expression circulating in patients' blood. Computational analysis identities sequences, and these sequences can be used to develop diagnostic tests and therapeutics, such as small interfering RNAs mentioned above.


The invention can be used by academic and industry researchers who study infectious diseases pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment.


Example 12
RNA Sequencing to Assess Bacterial Gene Expression of Bacteria in the Human Host During Sepsis

Attached are the genes and counts from Acinetobacter in a patient with COVID-19. The genes with the most counts are listed. Bact Gene Exp. The Out CSEQS=Aligned out bam.















TABLE 6











Out


Gene id
Chr
Start
End
Strand
Length
CSEQS





















IX87_RS10825
NZ_CP009257.1
2143428
2144498

1071
6072


IX87_RS13765
NZ_CP009257.1
2731324
2733000

1677
1621


IX87_RS06655
NZ_CP009257.1
1293290
1295281
+
1992
1486


IX87_RS04495
NZ_CP009257.1
875468
876043
+
576
1480


IX87_RS01665
NZ_CP009257.1
311888
312541

654
1213


IX87_RS06455
NZ_CP009257.1
1241219
1243858

2640
1151


IX87_RS13760
NZ_CP009257.1
2729698
2731236

1539
1120


IX87_RS18095
NZ_CP009257.1
3641468
3641941
+
474
1009


IX87_RS14290
NZ_CP009257.1
2840814
2842754

1941
1008


IX87_RS09870
NZ_CP009257.1
1960173
1963025

2853
995


IX87_RS01755
NZ_CP009257.1
329174
331312

2139
986


IX87_RS09635
NZ_CP009257.1
1887997
1889631

1635
879


IX87_RS22220
NZ_CP009257.1
1932345
1948691

16347
875


IX87_RS17835
NZ_CP009257.1
3585533
3587203
+
1671
856


IX87_RS02170
NZ_CP009257.1
400923
402596

1674
842


IX87_RS10110
NZ_CP009257.1
2012821
2014125

1305
829


IX87_RS11740
NZ_CP009257.1
2326862
2327869

1008
819


IX87_RS09895
NZ_CP009257.1
1967878
1969152
+
1275
806


IX87_RS15045
NZ_CP009257.1
3003563
3004957
+
1395
801


IX87_RS09420
NZ_CP009257.1
1842311
1843243

933
768


IX87_RS06650
NZ_CP009257.1
1292234
1293286
+
1053
764


IX87_RS17750
NZ_CP009257.1
3567691
3569478
+
1788
758


IX87_RS10025
NZ_CP009257.1
1992002
1995178
+
3177
737


IX87_RS06640
NZ_CP009257.1
1288710
1291097
+
2388
735


IX87_RS04550
NZ_CP009257.1
885563
886978

1416
693


IX87_RS08840
NZ_CP009257.1
1721583
1723820

2238
686


IX87_RS20710
NZ_CP009257.1
4164453
4166039
+
1587
683


IX87_RS15035
NZ_CP009257.1
3001041
3002585
+
1545
671


IX87_RS15670
NZ_CP009257.1
3126337
3130530
+
4194
669


IX87_RS17765
NZ_CP009257.1
3571341
3574025
+
2685
641


IX87_RS15665
NZ_CP009257.1
3122162
3126250
+
4089
621


IX87_RS17795
NZ_CP009257.1
3578320
3579918
+
1599
591


IX87_RS09425
NZ_CP009257.1
1843261
1844010

750
586


IX87_RS09880
NZ_CP009257.1
1964309
1966144

1836
574


IX87_RS15625
NZ_CP009257.1
3116997
3118187
+
1191
571


IX87_RS09760
NZ_CP009257.1
1921690
1924920
+
3231
565


IX87_RS15755
NZ_CP009257.1
3145473
3147626

2154
557


IX87_RS09730
NZ_CP009257.1
1915821
1917716

1896
553


IX87_RS06375
NZ_CP009257.1
1227725
1228243

519
542


IX87_RS13365
NZ_CP009257.1
2644473
2647190

2718
528


IX87_RS07930
NZ_CP009257.1
1538290
1539705

1416
517


IX87_RS12725
NZ_CP009257.1
2519255
2520769
+
1515
502


IX87_RS09860
NZ_CP009257.1
1957481
1958914

1434
494


IX87_RS02825
NZ_CP009257.1
524251
525132
+
882
491


IX87_RS11765
NZ_CP009257.1
2329533
2330852

1320
479


IX87_RS08365
NZ_CP009257.1
1609789
1610940
+
1152
470


IX87_RS00340
NZ_CP009257.1
44564
45673
+
1110
467


IX87_RS13230
NZ_CP009257.1
2616298
2617083
+
786
467


IX87_RS01760
NZ_CP009257.1
331491
331961

471
466


IX87_RS15655
NZ_CP009257.1
3120936
3121442
+
507
466


IX87_RS09465
NZ_CP009257.1
1852062
1853039
+
978
463


IX87_RS07885
NZ_CP009257.1
1533357
1533983
+
627
458


IX87_RS00325
NZ_CP009257.1
40294
42723
+
2430
456


IX87_RS04585
NZ_CP009257.1
893625
896204

2580
454


IX87_RS10860
NZ_CP009257.1
2150015
2152420

2406
450


IX87_RS02405
NZ_CP009257.1
443230
446997
+
3768
444


IX87_RS09605
NZ_CP009257.1
1880229
1881134
+
906
444


IX87_RS17680
NZ_CP009257.1
3556213
3559047

2835
434


IX87_RS17800
NZ_CP009257.1
3579921
3581417
+
1497
430


IX87_RS01685
NZ_CP009257.1
315690
316502
+
813
418


IX87_RS07790
NZ_CP009257.1
1508072
1508824

753
409


IX87_RS06320
NZ_CP009257.1
1215830
1217341
+
1512
405


IX87_RS13990
NZ_CP009257.1
2775687
2778371
+
2685
401


IX87_RS07865
NZ_CP009257.1
1527434
1529704
+
2271
400


IX87_RS11565
NZ_CP009257.1
2291470
2292456

987
399


IX87_RS09855
NZ_CP009257.1
1956167
1957333

1167
395


IX87_RS11835
NZ_CP009257.1
2335867
2336619

753
394


IX87_RS16040
NZ_CP009257.1
3210600
3212687
+
2088
394


IX87_RS06465
NZ_CP009257.1
1244622
1249127

4506
389


IX87_RS04525
NZ_CP009257.1
879769
880380

612
385


IX87_RS05530
NZ_CP009257.1
1072645
1075860

3216
381


IX87_RS13500
NZ_CP009257.1
2674288
2674647

360
381


IX87_RS02305
NZ_CP009257.1
425244
426281

1038
380


IX87_RS18475
NZ_CP009257.1
3699884
3702049
+
2166
380


IX87_RS11755
NZ_CP009257.1
2328932
2329288

357
379


IX87_RS11870
NZ_CP009257.1
2339714
2340025

312
376


IX87_RS16280
NZ_CP009257.1
3260688
3262844

2157
374


IX87_RS17790
NZ_CP009257.1
3576429
3578318
+
1890
374


IX87_RS09865
NZ_CP009257.1
1958977
1960173

1197
372


IX87_RS11805
NZ_CP009257.1
2333659
2334195

537
370


IX87_RS01750
NZ_CP009257.1
327889
329079

1191
365


IX87_RS13190
NZ_CP009257.1
2605354
2606253
+
900
358


IX87_RS12160
NZ_CP009257.1
2399736
2401007

1272
356


IX87_RS16715
NZ_CP009257.1
3350516
3352144
+
1629
352


IX87_RS13300
NZ_CP009257.1
2630383
2631150
+
768
347


IX87_RS15700
NZ_CP009257.1
3135012
3135602
+
591
347


IX87_RS13360
NZ_CP009257.1
2642488
2644470

1983
343


IX87_RS20715
NZ_CP009257.1
4166036
4167181
+
1146
337


IX87_RS11435
NZ_CP009257.1
2266603
2267031
+
429
335


IX87_RS21505
NZ_CP009257.1
4303748
4305118
+
1371
334


IX87_RS00440
NZ_CP009257.1
62067
63671

1605
330


IX87_RS17320
NZ_CP009257.1
3480635
3480973
+
339
330


IX87_RS16695
NZ_CP009257.1
3345765
3347618
+
1854
324


IX87_RS06750
NZ_CP009257.1
1311509
1313083
+
1575
320


IX87_RS14750
NZ_CP009257.1
2940826
2942109
+
1284
319


IX87_RS16955
NZ_CP009257.1
3402811
3405567
+
2757
304


IX87_RS15015
NZ_CP009257.1
2998731
2999606
+
876
300


IX87_RS03345
NZ_CP009257.1
627208
630690
+
3483
299


IX87_RS16235
NZ_CP009257.1
3250051
3253383

3333
295


IX87_RS12010
NZ_CP009257.1
2369134
2370084
+
951
294


IX87_RS07235
NZ_CP009257.1
1410286
1410498

213
289


IX87_RS08390
NZ_CP009257.1
1615750
1616997
+
1248
288


IX87_RS13195
NZ_CP009257.1
2606313
2608280

1968
288


IX87_RS08710
NZ_CP009257.1
1692357
1693730

1374
287


IX87_RS15645
NZ_CP009257.1
3119489
3119917
+
429
286


IX87_RS11795
NZ_CP009257.1
2332937
2333332

396
283


IX87_RS17715
NZ_CP009257.1
3563307
3563489

183
283


IX87_RS11735
NZ_CP009257.1
2326466
2326843

378
279


IX87_RS17760
NZ_CP009257.1
3569998
3571329
+
1332
279


IX87_RS17145
NZ_CP009257.1
3443650
3443844
+
195
278


IX87_RS11850
NZ_CP009257.1
2337251
2338075

825
275


IX87_RS11685
NZ_CP009257.1
2314954
2317008
+
2055
274


IX87_RS15925
NZ_CP009257.1
3177207
3179906
+
2700
274


IX87_RS21205
NZ_CP009257.1
4246489
4247538
+
1050
273


IX87_RS12715
NZ_CP009257.1
2516824
2517588
+
765
272


IX87_RS21315
NZ_CP009257.1
4268688
4269932

1245
270


IX87_RS07155
NZ_CP009257.1
1395265
1395480
+
216
266


IX87_RS06275
NZ_CP009257.1
1204344
1206950

2607
265


IX87_RS04520
NZ_CP009257.1
879360
879704
+
345
262


IX87_RS07845
NZ_CP009257.1
1521183
1522565
+
1383
254


IX87_RS13725
NZ_CP009257.1
2720466
2722304
+
1839
254


IX87_RS11745
NZ_CP009257.1
2327887
2328513

627
252


IX87_RS02665
NZ_CP009257.1
489716
490609

894
247


IX87_RS07455
NZ_CP009257.1
1456779
1458032

1254
247


IX87_RS20615
NZ_CP009257.1
4142534
4144810

2277
247


IX87_RS11095
NZ_CP009257.1
2202807
2204585
+
1779
246


IX87_RS15370
NZ_CP009257.1
3067271
3068719

1449
244


IX87_RS16880
NZ_CP009257.1
3387258
3388982
+
1725
244


IX87_RS16870
NZ_CP009257.1
3383613
3386237

2625
240


IX87_RS09920
NZ_CP009257.1
1972039
1973925
+
1887
239


IX87_RS11250
NZ_CP009257.1
2231341
2233242
+
1902
239


IX87_RS08950
NZ_CP009257.1
1748338
1749795

1458
238


IX87_RS16890
NZ_CP009257.1
3389506
3390522
+
1017
238


IX87_RS08540
NZ_CP009257.1
1651103
1653115

2013
237


IX87_RS13720
NZ_CP009257.1
2719089
2720453
+
1365
237


IX87_RS11170
NZ_CP009257.1
2216052
2216978

927
236


IX87_RS16665
NZ_CP009257.1
3336962
3338275
+
1314
236


IX87_RS07785
NZ_CP009257.1
1507059
1507934

876
235


IX87_RS06305
NZ_CP009257.1
1212164
1213336
+
1173
232


IX87_RS09415
NZ_CP009257.1
1839230
1841944

2715
232


IX87_RS16660
NZ_CP009257.1
3336255
3336860
+
606
231


IX87_RS12690
NZ_CP009257.1
2506859
2508520

1662
230


IX87_RS01775
NZ_CP009257.1
334318
335547
+
1230
229


IX87_RS10020
NZ_CP009257.1
1990739
1991989
+
1251
228


IX87_RS09755
NZ_CP009257.1
1920536
1921675
+
1140
227


IX87_RS18140
NZ_CP009257.1
3648577
3649527

951
227


IX87_RS08545
NZ_CP009257.1
1653366
1653935

570
225


IX87_RS15750
NZ_CP009257.1
3144288
3145460

1173
222


IX87_RS10030
NZ_CP009257.1
1995178
1996632
+
1455
220


IX87_RS16035
NZ_CP009257.1
3210073
3210342
+
270
218


IX87_RS08585
NZ_CP009257.1
1663238
1665856
+
2619
217


IX87_RS11770
NZ_CP009257.1
2330898
2331338

441
216


IX87_RS11920
NZ_CP009257.1
2349910
2352483
+
2574
216


IX87_RS16835
NZ_CP009257.1
3375467
3376198
+
732
212


IX87_RS09660
NZ_CP009257.1
1902424
1904256
+
1833
206


IX87_RS10865
NZ_CP009257.1
2152594
2153826

1233
206


IX87_RS13315
NZ_CP009257.1
2633562
2634899

1338
206


IX87_RS14635
NZ_CP009257.1
2913027
2914694
+
1668
205


IX87_RS17670
NZ_CP009257.1
3554601
3555884

1284
203


IX87_RS11030
NZ_CP009257.1
2186586
2187758
+
1173
202


IX87_RS13385
NZ_CP009257.1
2649792
2650967

1176
201


IX87_RS11820
NZ_CP009257.1
2334999
2335256

258
200


IX87_RS11055
NZ_CP009257.1
2192544
2194346
+
1803
199


IX87_RS17690
NZ_CP009257.1
3559580
3560296
+
717
199


IX87_RS08995
NZ_CP009257.1
1757654
1758889
+
1236
198


IX87_RS12585
NZ_CP009257.1
2488594
2488893
+
300
198


IX87_RS12435
NZ_CP009257.1
2453324
2457799

4476
197


IX87_RS16740
NZ_CP009257.1
3357561
3359744
+
2184
196


IX87_RS09850
NZ_CP009257.1
1955262
1956152

891
195


IX87_RS15720
NZ_CP009257.1
3139270
3140409

1140
195


IX87_RS11815
NZ_CP009257.1
2334538
2334906

369
194


IX87_RS15030
NZ_CP009257.1
3000458
3000994
+
537
194


IX87_RS10940
NZ_CP009257.1
2166865
2169588

2724
192


IX87_RS13215
NZ_CP009257.1
2610192
2611907

1716
192


IX87_RS14160
NZ_CP009257.1
2816591
2818351
+
1761
191


IX87_RS06350
NZ_CP009257.1
1224434
1224943
+
510
190


IX87_RS11965
NZ_CP009257.1
2359642
2360235

594
190


IX87_RS14455
NZ_CP009257.1
2873551
2874168
+
618
190


IX87_RS15435
NZ_CP009257.1
3081320
3082621

1302
190


IX87_RS00480
NZ_CP009257.1
70857
72470

1614
189


IX87_RS04615
NZ_CP009257.1
900663
901442

780
189


IX87_RS06685
NZ_CP009257.1
1297940
1298386
+
447
189


IX87_RS10790
NZ_CP009257.1
2135042
2135473

432
189


IX87_RS12710
NZ_CP009257.1
2513820
2516168

2349
188


IX87_RS15040
NZ_CP009257.1
3002663
3003532
+
870
188


IX87_RS12270
NZ_CP009257.1
2421741
2422973
+
1233
187


IX87_RS02435
NZ_CP009257.1
450849
451439

591
186


IX87_RS12720
NZ_CP009257.1
2517606
2519063
+
1458
186


IX87_RS13755
NZ_CP009257.1
2728221
2729633

1413
186


IX87_RS12420
NZ_CP009257.1
2450049
2450639

591
185


IX87_RS09490
NZ_CP009257.1
1856624
1859032

2409
184


IX87_RS08860
NZ_CP009257.1
1728937
1729419
+
483
183


IX87_RS09135
NZ_CP009257.1
1782073
1782822

750
183


IX87_RS11655
NZ_CP009257.1
2308487
2311087
+
2601
182


IX87_RS14375
NZ_CP009257.1
2856528
2859365

2838
182


IX87_RS15650
NZ_CP009257.1
3119921
3120616
+
696
182


IX87_RS08735
NZ_CP009257.1
1697312
1698382

1071
181


IX87_RS10935
NZ_CP009257.1
2166291
2166734

444
181


IX87_RS12840
NZ_CP009257.1
2535806
2536249
+
444
181


IX87_RS13745
NZ_CP009257.1
2726033
2726953

921
181


IX87_RS17695
NZ_CP009257.1
3560386
3561978
+
1593
181


IX87_RS08730
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1467
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10500
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1038
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IX87_RS20465
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468
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IX87_RS02175
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687
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IX87_RS16640
NZ_CP009257.1
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1698
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IX87_RS15710
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NZ_CP009257.1
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138


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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1236
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1140
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1266
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IX87_RS18795
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08705
NZ_CP009257.1
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1533
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IX87_RS14295
NZ_CP009257.1
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555
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IX87_RS16550
NZ_CP009257.1
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522
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IX87_RS10930
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS02445
NZ_CP009257.1
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1989
129


IX87_RS09640
NZ_CP009257.1
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291
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IX87_RS12080
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS13095
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS17885
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IX87_RS02300
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IX87_RS06470
NZ_CP009257.1
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2676
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IX87_RS16115
NZ_CP009257.1
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1713
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IX87_RS04995
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1281
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IX87_RS14760
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS14980
NZ_CP009257.1
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921
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IX87_RS17630
NZ_CP009257.1
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6987
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IX87_RS09875
NZ_CP009257.1
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711
123


IX87_RS10795
NZ_CP009257.1
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1836
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IX87_RS14655
NZ_CP009257.1
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1215
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IX87_RS15160
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15275
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS00435
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS07295
NZ_CP009257.1
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2271
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IX87_RS08590
NZ_CP009257.1
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930
122


IX87_RS10455
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IX87_RS12380
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IX87_RS13690
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS20550
NZ_CP009257.1
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1290
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IX87_RS04605
NZ_CP009257.1
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708
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IX87_RS09590
NZ_CP009257.1
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384
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IX87_RS09885
NZ_CP009257.1
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366
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IX87_RS13390
NZ_CP009257.1
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1263
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IX87_RS14100
NZ_CP009257.1
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1008
120


IX87_RS16630
NZ_CP009257.1
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594
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IX87_RS04640
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS07400
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15060
NZ_CP009257.1
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546
118


IX87_RS10515
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS13085
NZ_CP009257.1
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1338
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NZ_CP009257.1
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225
116


IX87_RS08885
NZ_CP009257.1
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1845
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IX87_RS16810
NZ_CP009257.1
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843
115


IX87_RS11860
NZ_CP009257.1
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603
114


IX87_RS14755
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18630
NZ_CP009257.1
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1218
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1017
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IX87_RS17080
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS21350
NZ_CP009257.1
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1008
113


IX87_RS03330
NZ_CP009257.1
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1992
112


IX87_RS08795
NZ_CP009257.1
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2763
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11810
NZ_CP009257.1
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318
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IX87_RS11970
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681
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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342
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663
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582
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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414
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NZ_CP009257.1
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831
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NZ_CP009257.1
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2175
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IX87_RS11785
NZ_CP009257.1
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351
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IX87_RS14270
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IX87_RS00465
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IX87_RS17150
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IX87_RS14035
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1479
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555
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522
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103


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NZ_CP009257.1
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963
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IX87_RS10060
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IX87_RS02755
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1254
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IX87_RS11305
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IX87_RS15260
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1443
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IX87_RS09310
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1194
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387
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1143
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IX87_RS02805
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1905
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IX87_RS09140
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IX87_RS11575
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IX87_RS18135
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297
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IX87_RS00670
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IX87_RS11175
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2751
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1443
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537
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IX87_RS04490
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IX87_RS12035
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IX87_RS17020
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IX87_RS18560
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267
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IX87_RS07820
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1413
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IX87_RS08715
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1644
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1203
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IX87_RS09840
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1952706
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924
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IX87_RS11255
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2233251
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966
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IX87_RS16485
NZ_CP009257.1
3302680
3302916

237
84


IX87_RS21235
NZ_CP009257.1
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4252297

504
84


IX87_RS05000
NZ_CP009257.1
957733
957987
+
255
83


IX87_RS09675
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
1332
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IX87_RS10520
NZ_CP009257.1
2081711
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+
561
83


IX87_RS11840
NZ_CP009257.1
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330
83


IX87_RS02810
NZ_CP009257.1
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522425
+
3564
82


IX87_RS11060
NZ_CP009257.1
2194514
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+
1782
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IX87_RS13750
NZ_CP009257.1
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2728169

1206
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IX87_RS20670
NZ_CP009257.1
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2955
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IX87_RS03675
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
2103
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IX87_RS06540
NZ_CP009257.1
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1299
81


IX87_RS07215
NZ_CP009257.1
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1074
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IX87_RS09365
NZ_CP009257.1
1827626
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+
942
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IX87_RS15385
NZ_CP009257.1
3071159
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+
1548
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IX87_RS15950
NZ_CP009257.1
3181583
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1812
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IX87_RS17285
NZ_CP009257.1
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750
81


IX87_RS00525
NZ_CP009257.1
79790
80971
+
1182
80


IX87_RS12315
NZ_CP009257.1
2430142
2430882

741
80


IX87_RS12565
NZ_CP009257.1
2483874
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1833
80


IX87_RS17175
NZ_CP009257.1
3446916
3447896
+
981
80


IX87_RS18085
NZ_CP009257.1
3640223
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+
735
80


IX87_RS22975
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
177
80


IX87_RS06045
NZ_CP009257.1
1155722
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1245
79


IX87_RS09940
NZ_CP009257.1
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1976947
+
1185
79


IX87_RS09975
NZ_CP009257.1
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1983913

789
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IX87_RS13620
NZ_CP009257.1
2699364
2700518
+
1155
79


IX87_RS14015
NZ_CP009257.1
2783359
2785188

1830
79


IX87_RS17190
NZ_CP009257.1
3450774
3451019

246
79


IX87_RS21225
NZ_CP009257.1
4250227
4250712

486
79


IX87_RS01625
NZ_CP009257.1
302849
303916

1068
78


IX87_RS09510
NZ_CP009257.1
1862092
1862697
+
606
78


IX87_RS02660
NZ_CP009257.1
488779
489621

843
77


IX87_RS07825
NZ_CP009257.1
1516122
1517150
+
1029
77


IX87_RS12415
NZ_CP009257.1
2448945
2450027

1083
77


IX87_RS00620
NZ_CP009257.1
101838
103385
+
1548
76


IX87_RS06670
NZ_CP009257.1
1296246
1297124
+
879
76


IX87_RS09205
NZ_CP009257.1
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1796866
+
1341
76


IX87_RS13105
NZ_CP009257.1
2585008
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1449
76


IX87_RS17210
NZ_CP009257.1
3455170
3455991
+
822
76


IX87_RS20565
NZ_CP009257.1
4133028
4133516
+
489
76


IX87_RS02765
NZ_CP009257.1
507091
509754
+
2664
75


IX87_RS17040
NZ_CP009257.1
3420181
3422988

2808
75


IX87_RS17775
NZ_CP009257.1
3575064
3575606
+
543
75


IX87_RS21215
NZ_CP009257.1
4248502
4249386
+
885
75


IX87_RS05445
NZ_CP009257.1
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1054942

879
74


IX87_RS05620
NZ_CP009257.1
1091422
1091982
+
561
74


IX87_RS08700
NZ_CP009257.1
1689115
1690545

1431
74


IX87_RS08845
NZ_CP009257.1
1724221
1725924

1704
74


IX87_RS21265
NZ_CP009257.1
4259038
4259592

555
74


IX87_RS02795
NZ_CP009257.1
513691
515121
+
1431
73


IX87_RS13405
NZ_CP009257.1
2654276
2655724

1449
73


IX87_RS00535
NZ_CP009257.1
81977
82885
+
909
72


IX87_RS02395
NZ_CP009257.1
441109
442599
+
1491
72


IX87_RS05555
NZ_CP009257.1
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1081588

708
72


IX87_RS09970
NZ_CP009257.1
1981735
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1272
72


IX87_RS10470
NZ_CP009257.1
2071838
2073223
+
1386
72


IX87_RS12820
NZ_CP009257.1
2532619
2533308
+
690
72


IX87_RS17340
NZ_CP009257.1
3483415
3484704
+
1290
72


IX87_RS07750
NZ_CP009257.1
1501495
1502496
+
1002
71


IX87_RS13310
NZ_CP009257.1
2632895
2633560

666
71


IX87_RS13695
NZ_CP009257.1
2715590
2716711
+
1122
71


IX87_RS08750
NZ_CP009257.1
1700458
1703295

2838
70


IX87_RS17465
NZ_CP009257.1
3509353
3510573
+
1221
70


IX87_RS02625
NZ_CP009257.1
482924
483484
+
561
69


IX87_RS03315
NZ_CP009257.1
619298
620470
+
1173
69


IX87_RS07830
NZ_CP009257.1
1517434
1519899
+
2466
69


IX87_RS08690
NZ_CP009257.1
1686702
1688423

1722
69


IX87_RS10155
NZ_CP009257.1
2022241
2023596
+
1356
69


IX87_RS10945
NZ_CP009257.1
2169996
2170637
+
642
69


IX87_RS12265
NZ_CP009257.1
2419952
2421361

1410
69


IX87_RS13395
NZ_CP009257.1
2652455
2653309

855
69


IX87_RS14525
NZ_CP009257.1
2889080
2889508

429
69


IX87_RS18075
NZ_CP009257.1
3638902
3639087
+
186
69


IX87_RS03740
NZ_CP009257.1
719517
719951

435
68


IX87_RS07755
NZ_CP009257.1
1502835
1503404
+
570
68


IX87_RS09350
NZ_CP009257.1
1824482
1825717

1236
68


IX87_RS11780
NZ_CP009257.1
2331525
2332022

498
68


IX87_RS11605
NZ_CP009257.1
2300717
2301430
+
714
67


IX87_RS14440
NZ_CP009257.1
2871148
2871894

747
67


IX87_RS00495
NZ_CP009257.1
75422
76984

1563
66


IX87_RS01770
NZ_CP009257.1
332696
333967

1272
66


IX87_RS02295
NZ_CP009257.1
421374
423815
+
2442
66


IX87_RS12375
NZ_CP009257.1
2441466
2441744
+
279
66


IX87_RS13225
NZ_CP009257.1
2612425
2615922
+
3498
66


IX87_RS13260
NZ_CP009257.1
2621249
2623198

1950
66


IX87_RS15455
NZ_CP009257.1
3085152
3087005
+
1854
66


IX87_RS15470
NZ_CP009257.1
3088809
3090005
+
1197
66


IX87_RS17230
NZ_CP009257.1
3458791
3461562

2772
66


IX87_RS18925
NZ_CP009257.1
3796144
3797355
+
1212
66


IX87_RS03335
NZ_CP009257.1
624909
625814
+
906
65


IX87_RS12560
NZ_CP009257.1
2482371
2483870

1500
65


IX87_RS17100
NZ_CP009257.1
3434566
3435417
+
852
65


IX87_RS19190
NZ_CP009257.1
3849925
3851097

1173
65


IX87_RS10760
NZ_CP009257.1
2129379
2130488

1110
64


IX87_RS12020
NZ_CP009257.1
2371092
2373395

2304
64


IX87_RS12395
NZ_CP009257.1
2445211
2445675
+
465
64


IX87_RS16105
NZ_CP009257.1
3226225
3227034

810
64


IX87_RS16285
NZ_CP009257.1
3263359
3265653

2295
64


IX87_RS09045
NZ_CP009257.1
1764296
1765318

1023
63


IX87_RS09785
NZ_CP009257.1
1927221
1927937
+
717
63


IX87_RS11560
NZ_CP009257.1
2291062
2291307

246
63


IX87_RS12130
NZ_CP009257.1
2392685
2393446
+
762
63


IX87_RS12215
NZ_CP009257.1
2410904
2411479
+
576
63


IX87_RS12845
NZ_CP009257.1
2536305
2538182

1878
63


IX87_RS14645
NZ_CP009257.1
2915463
2916614
+
1152
63


IX87_RS15530
NZ_CP009257.1
3100915
3102348

1434
63


IX87_RS17880
NZ_CP009257.1
3594456
3596519

2064
63


IX87_RS17905
NZ_CP009257.1
3600653
3601246
+
594
63


IX87_RS17990
NZ_CP009257.1
3621435
3622472
+
1038
63


IX87_RS19455
NZ_CP009257.1
3905950
3907644
+
1695
63


IX87_RS02195
NZ_CP009257.1
405539
406252

714
62


IX87_RS02450
NZ_CP009257.1
454627
455793
+
1167
62


IX87_RS06220
NZ_CP009257.1
1193517
1194752

1236
62


IX87_RS09925
NZ_CP009257.1
1974023
1974310
+
288
62


IX87_RS11180
NZ_CP009257.1
2219822
2221090

1269
62


IX87_RS16475
NZ_CP009257.1
3300654
3302363

1710
62


IX87_RS16930
NZ_CP009257.1
3397274
3398137
+
864
62


IX87_RS18865
NZ_CP009257.1
3787983
3788573
+
591
62


IX87_RS02500
NZ_CP009257.1
463106
464107
+
1002
61


IX87_RS11845
NZ_CP009257.1
2336962
2337237

276
61


IX87_RS13180
NZ_CP009257.1
2599787
2602621
+
2835
61


IX87_RS13490
NZ_CP009257.1
2672804
2673571

768
61


IX87_RS16865
NZ_CP009257.1
3383076
3383585

510
61


IX87_RS17950
NZ_CP009257.1
3612346
3613755
+
1410
61


IX87_RS06625
NZ_CP009257.1
1283074
1284903

1830
60


IX87_RS08930
NZ_CP009257.1
1744251
1745384

1134
60


IX87_RS10710
NZ_CP009257.1
2118691
2121789
+
3099
60


IX87_RS12075
NZ_CP009257.1
2382028
2383005
+
978
60


IX87_RS13680
NZ_CP009257.1
2712016
2712351

336
60


IX87_RS15640
NZ_CP009257.1
3118847
3119380
+
534
60


IX87_RS15965
NZ_CP009257.1
3186923
3188305

1383
60


IX87_RS16100
NZ_CP009257.1
3224669
3226228

1560
60


IX87_RS16390
NZ_CP009257.1
3283775
3285061
+
1287
60


IX87_RS16820
NZ_CP009257.1
3373047
3373463

417
60


IX87_RS03995
NZ_CP009257.1
772521
774104

1584
59


IX87_RS09315
NZ_CP009257.1
1816609
1817679
+
1071
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IX87_RS16795
NZ_CP009257.1
3368708
3369853
+
1146
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IX87_RS18880
NZ_CP009257.1
3790475
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270
59


IX87_RS06310
NZ_CP009257.1
1213531
1214499
+
969
58


IX87_RS06665
NZ_CP009257.1
1295906
1296235
+
330
58


IX87_RS13650
NZ_CP009257.1
2706154
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1143
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IX87_RS14245
NZ_CP009257.1
2832150
2833523

1374
58


IX87_RS17330
NZ_CP009257.1
3481370
3482626
+
1257
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IX87_RS17430
NZ_CP009257.1
3503197
3504018
+
822
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IX87_RS20825
NZ_CP009257.1
4182393
4185251
+
2859
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IX87_RS21285
NZ_CP009257.1
4263239
4264732
+
1494
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IX87_RS00865
NZ_CP009257.1
158091
159731
+
1641
57


IX87_RS07300
NZ_CP009257.1
1421664
1422773

1110
57


IX87_RS09270
NZ_CP009257.1
1807663
1808277
+
615
57


IX87_RS10135
NZ_CP009257.1
2018253
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+
855
57


IX87_RS13700
NZ_CP009257.1
2716723
2717193
+
471
57


IX87_RS15490
NZ_CP009257.1
3092555
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627
57


IX87_RS16330
NZ_CP009257.1
3271712
3272302
+
591
57


IX87_RS20805
NZ_CP009257.1
4179757
4180176
+
420
57


IX87_RS00825
NZ_CP009257.1
147950
148150
+
201
56


IX87_RS06785
NZ_CP009257.1
1319089
1320387

1299
56


IX87_RS11700
NZ_CP009257.1
2317849
2320044

2196
56


IX87_RS11825
NZ_CP009257.1
2335253
2335450

198
56


IX87_RS11880
NZ_CP009257.1
2341173
2342363
+
1191
56


IX87_RS13145
NZ_CP009257.1
2593514
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1365
56


IX87_RS15570
NZ_CP009257.1
3108763
3109089
+
327
56


IX87_RS15985
NZ_CP009257.1
3192206
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1620
56


IX87_RS03325
NZ_CP009257.1
622106
622909
+
804
55


IX87_RS06020
NZ_CP009257.1
1150241
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+
1419
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IX87_RS06070
NZ_CP009257.1
1163738
1165216

1479
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IX87_RS13965
NZ_CP009257.1
2768781
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1113
55


IX87_RS15100
NZ_CP009257.1
3014121
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+
531
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IX87_RS15485
NZ_CP009257.1
3091738
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813
55


IX87_RS17280
NZ_CP009257.1
3470887
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969
55


IX87_RS18520
NZ_CP009257.1
3712399
3714432
+
2034
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IX87_RS18625
NZ_CP009257.1
3734477
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387
55


IX87_RS19380
NZ_CP009257.1
3891187
3893262
+
2076
55


IX87_RS00450
NZ_CP009257.1
65373
66698
+
1326
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IX87_RS04485
NZ_CP009257.1
870069
871175

1107
54


IX87_RS08310
NZ_CP009257.1
1594313
1597078

2766
54


IX87_RS08935
NZ_CP009257.1
1745400
1746620

1221
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IX87_RS09150
NZ_CP009257.1
1784756
1785439
+
684
54


IX87_RS12550
NZ_CP009257.1
2479843
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1119
54


IX87_RS12760
NZ_CP009257.1
2523736
2524284
+
549
54


IX87_RS13410
NZ_CP009257.1
2655736
2656833

1098
54


IX87_RS13855
NZ_CP009257.1
2750820
2751539
+
720
54


IX87_RS17090
NZ_CP009257.1
3432882
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+
810
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IX87_RS17110
NZ_CP009257.1
3435686
3436222
+
537
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IX87_RS17785
NZ_CP009257.1
3576124
3576432
+
309
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IX87_RS02190
NZ_CP009257.1
404418
405542

1125
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IX87_RS04000
NZ_CP009257.1
774137
774943

807
53


IX87_RS06090
NZ_CP009257.1
1168229
1169620

1392
53


IX87_RS02770
NZ_CP009257.1
509780
510949
+
1170
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IX87_RS11455
NZ_CP009257.1
2268707
2269363
+
657
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IX87_RS12145
NZ_CP009257.1
2395858
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1470
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IX87_RS14395
NZ_CP009257.1
2862452
2863072

621
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IX87_RS14510
NZ_CP009257.1
2885213
2885920

708
52


IX87_RS16735
NZ_CP009257.1
3356349
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1020
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IX87_RS17235
NZ_CP009257.1
3461717
3464524
+
2808
52


IX87_RS21245
NZ_CP009257.1
4254902
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1356
52


IX87_RS00575
NZ_CP009257.1
91348
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639
51


IX87_RS02650
NZ_CP009257.1
487342
488085

744
51


IX87_RS03305
NZ_CP009257.1
616730
618424

1695
51


IX87_RS04005
NZ_CP009257.1
774955
775719

765
51


IX87_RS04230
NZ_CP009257.1
825773
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549
51


IX87_RS10745
NZ_CP009257.1
2126638
2127348
+
711
51


IX87_RS12155
NZ_CP009257.1
2398377
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1215
51


IX87_RS14640
NZ_CP009257.1
2914714
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+
753
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IX87_RS16785
NZ_CP009257.1
3366689
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+
1293
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IX87_RS21495
NZ_CP009257.1
4302839
4303294
+
456
51


IX87_RS02200
NZ_CP009257.1
406303
406899

597
50


IX87_RS07160
NZ_CP009257.1
1395507
1395953
+
447
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IX87_RS07185
NZ_CP009257.1
1401319
1402860

1542
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IX87_RS11960
NZ_CP009257.1
2359343
2359630

288
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IX87_RS11975
NZ_CP009257.1
2360990
2361766

777
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IX87_RS13370
NZ_CP009257.1
2647441
2648133

693
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IX87_RS17095
NZ_CP009257.1
3433695
3434543
+
849
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IX87_RS18115
NZ_CP009257.1
3644670
3646451
+
1782
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IX87_RS19200
NZ_CP009257.1
3852689
3853330

642
50


IX87_RS07315
NZ_CP009257.1
1425256
1426614

1359
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IX87_RS12165
NZ_CP009257.1
2402043
2403476

1434
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IX87_RS12205
NZ_CP009257.1
2408903
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+
645
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IX87_RS14770
NZ_CP009257.1
2945576
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+
1431
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IX87_RS17910
NZ_CP009257.1
3601361
3601930
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570
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IX87_RS20800
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4178264
4179565
+
1302
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IX87_RS01670
NZ_CP009257.1
312786
313712
+
927
48


IX87_RS02655
NZ_CP009257.1
488099
488776

678
48


IX87_RS07385
NZ_CP009257.1
1440676
1441455
+
780
48


IX87_RS07850
NZ_CP009257.1
1522637
1523473
+
837
48


IX87_RS08375
NZ_CP009257.1
1612960
1613430

471
48


IX87_RS08610
NZ_CP009257.1
1669280
1669702
+
423
48


IX87_RS14965
NZ_CP009257.1
2988514
2989140

627
48


IX87_RS18590
NZ_CP009257.1
3725600
3729061
+
3462
48


IX87_RS19165
NZ_CP009257.1
3844727
3846145

1419
48


IX87_RS07170
NZ_CP009257.1
1397617
1398582

966
47


IX87_RS12140
NZ_CP009257.1
2394497
2395840

1344
47


IX87_RS15600
NZ_CP009257.1
3114826
3116319
+
1494
47


IX87_RS16815
NZ_CP009257.1
3372778
3373035

258
47


IX87_RS16885
NZ_CP009257.1
3388982
3389473
+
492
47


IX87_RS17130
NZ_CP009257.1
3441010
3441630
+
621
47


IX87_RS01710
NZ_CP009257.1
321262
322209
+
948
46


IX87_RS01720
NZ_CP009257.1
323079
323894
+
816
46


IX87_RS02160
NZ_CP009257.1
400074
400439

366
46


IX87_RS02315
NZ_CP009257.1
426770
427957

1188
46


IX87_RS02970
NZ_CP009257.1
555280
556284
+
1005
46


IX87_RS10015
NZ_CP009257.1
1990088
1990714
+
627
46


IX87_RS10505
NZ_CP009257.1
2078208
2078522
+
315
46


IX87_RS11330
NZ_CP009257.1
2245026
2245361
+
336
46


IX87_RS11545
NZ_CP009257.1
2288838
2289695

858
46


IX87_RS12150
NZ_CP009257.1
2397327
2398358

1032
46


IX87_RS12695
NZ_CP009257.1
2508819
2510096
+
1278
46


IX87_RS12870
NZ_CP009257.1
2540172
2540987
+
816
46


IX87_RS16355
NZ_CP009257.1
3274949
3275959
+
1011
46


IX87_RS18600
NZ_CP009257.1
3729749
3731218
+
1470
46


IX87_RS20780
NZ_CP009257.1
4175208
4175549
+
342
46


IX87_RS09240
NZ_CP009257.1
1801905
1803308
+
1404
45


IX87_RS09265
NZ_CP009257.1
1806727
1807503
+
777
45


IX87_RS10965
NZ_CP009257.1
2173454
2174740

1287
45


IX87_RS11580
NZ_CP009257.1
2295620
2297071
+
1452
45


IX87_RS11620
NZ_CP009257.1
2303012
2304259
+
1248
45


IX87_RS11830
NZ_CP009257.1
2335450
2335863

414
45


IX87_RS15585
NZ_CP009257.1
3111043
3113313
+
2271
45


IX87_RS16135
NZ_CP009257.1
3232226
3233242
+
1017
45


IX87_RS17410
NZ_CP009257.1
3499428
3500879
+
1452
45


IX87_RS00845
NZ_CP009257.1
151849
153471

1623
44


IX87_RS04170
NZ_CP009257.1
811981
814626
+
2646
44


IX87_RS06645
NZ_CP009257.1
1291162
1291917
+
756
44


IX87_RS07870
NZ_CP009257.1
1529796
1531034
+
1239
44


IX87_RS08765
NZ_CP009257.1
1704977
1706275

1299
44


IX87_RS09690
NZ_CP009257.1
1910652
1911500

849
44


IX87_RS10150
NZ_CP009257.1
2020674
2021861

1188
44


IX87_RS12700
NZ_CP009257.1
2510370
2511260
+
891
44


IX87_RS13705
NZ_CP009257.1
2717197
2717646
+
450
44


IX87_RS14040
NZ_CP009257.1
2790073
2790798
+
726
44


IX87_RS16645
NZ_CP009257.1
3331236
3331928

693
44


IX87_RS17985
NZ_CP009257.1
3617984
3621433
+
3450
44


IX87_RS19460
NZ_CP009257.1
3907874
3908983
+
1110
44


IX87_RS06065
NZ_CP009257.1
1161384
1163564

2181
43


IX87_RS07935
NZ_CP009257.1
1540440
1541981
+
1542
43


IX87_RS09020
NZ_CP009257.1
1760911
1761669

759
43


IX87_RS09325
NZ_CP009257.1
1818369
1819178

810
43


IX87_RS12685
NZ_CP009257.1
2506472
2506816
+
345
43


IX87_RS13600
NZ_CP009257.1
2695104
2696681

1578
43


IX87_RS14075
NZ_CP009257.1
2797731
2798963

1233
43


IX87_RS15360
NZ_CP009257.1
3066194
3066832

639
43


IX87_RS15705
NZ_CP009257.1
3135787
3136140
+
354
43


IX87_RS18735
NZ_CP009257.1
3759445
3761763
+
2319
43


IX87_RS00545
NZ_CP009257.1
83744
85822

2079
42


IX87_RS00630
NZ_CP009257.1
104927
106456

1530
42


IX87_RS02635
NZ_CP009257.1
484378
485127
+
750
42


IX87_RS04185
NZ_CP009257.1
816071
816742
+
672
42


IX87_RS04250
NZ_CP009257.1
828625
830046
+
1422
42


IX87_RS04570
NZ_CP009257.1
890142
892367
+
2226
42


IX87_RS06155
NZ_CP009257.1
1182334
1182777
+
444
42


IX87_RS06725
NZ_CP009257.1
1306512
1308392

1881
42


IX87_RS09830
NZ_CP009257.1
1950037
1951539

1503
42


IX87_RS09835
NZ_CP009257.1
1951777
1952676

900
42


IX87_RS10600
NZ_CP009257.1
2099104
2099679
+
576
42


IX87_RS10830
NZ_CP009257.1
2144880
2145395
+
516
42


IX87_RS11540
NZ_CP009257.1
2287963
2288796

834
42


IX87_RS11890
NZ_CP009257.1
2344100
2344864
+
765
42


IX87_RS14450
NZ_CP009257.1
2872658
2873371

714
42


IX87_RS14950
NZ_CP009257.1
2986338
2987285
+
948
42


IX87_RS15375
NZ_CP009257.1
3068863
3069963
+
1101
42


IX87_RS16945
NZ_CP009257.1
3400933
3401874
+
942
42


IX87_RS18515
NZ_CP009257.1
3710575
3712398
+
1824
42


IX87_RS20680
NZ_CP009257.1
4160723
4161727
+
1005
42


IX87_RS21230
NZ_CP009257.1
4250719
4251789

1071
42


IX87_RS21345
NZ_CP009257.1
4273409
4274803

1395
42


IX87_RS21510
NZ_CP009257.1
4305170
4305673

504
42


IX87_RS00855
NZ_CP009257.1
154353
155825
+
1473
41


IX87_RS02830
NZ_CP009257.1
525249
527255
+
2007
41


IX87_RS04560
NZ_CP009257.1
888440
889456

1017
41


IX87_RS06690
NZ_CP009257.1
1298587
1300032
+
1446
41


IX87_RS08555
NZ_CP009257.1
1655041
1656786
+
1746
41


IX87_RS09845
NZ_CP009257.1
1953837
1954850
+
1014
41


IX87_RS10460
NZ_CP009257.1
2070130
2070747

618
41


IX87_RS15255
NZ_CP009257.1
3045127
3047346
+
2220
41


IX87_RS07860
NZ_CP009257.1
1524349
1527197
+
2849
40


IX87_RS07875
NZ_CP009257.1
1531084
1532259

1176
40


IX87_RS09890
NZ_CP009257.1
1966522
1966923

402
40


IX87_RS09945
NZ_CP009257.1
1977213
1978598
+
1386
40


IX87_RS12430
NZ_CP009257.1
2451833
2453254

1422
40


IX87_RS12640
NZ_CP009257.1
2496176
2497132

957
40


IX87_RS13885
NZ_CP009257.1
2756381
2756539
+
159
40


IX87_RS13920
NZ_CP009257.1
2760640
2761668
+
1029
40


IX87_RS14185
NZ_CP009257.1
2822004
2822255

252
40


IX87_RS14710
NZ_CP009257.1
2932967
2933668

702
40


IX87_RS16380
NZ_CP009257.1
3280656
3281774

1119
40


IX87_RS16830
NZ_CP009257.1
3374745
3375311
+
567
40


IX87_RS17815
NZ_CP009257.1
3582583
3583470

888
40


IX87_RS18535
NZ_CP009257.1
3716546
3718276
+
1731
40


IX87_RS21200
NZ_CP009257.1
4245903
4246343
+
441
40


IX87_RS00530
NZ_CP009257.1
81071
81970
+
900
39


IX87_RS01555
NZ_CP009257.1
288317
289330
+
1014
39


IX87_RS02790
NZ_CP009257.1
513031
513450

420
39


IX87_RS06410
NZ_CP009257.1
1233674
1234378

705
39


IX87_RS06775
NZ_CP009257.1
1317562
1318293
+
732
39


IX87_RS09230
NZ_CP009257.1
1800751
1801449
+
699
39


IX87_RS09335
NZ_CP009257.1
1820350
1821333
+
984
39


IX87_RS12675
NZ_CP009257.1
2504854
2505252

399
39


IX87_RS14140
NZ_CP009257.1
2813630
2815027

1398
39


IX87_RS15345
NZ_CP009257.1
3063792
3065084
+
1293
39


IX87_RS16230
NZ_CP009257.1
3248017
3249858

1842
39


IX87_RS16290
NZ_CP009257.1
3265738
3266223

486
39


IX87_RS16470
NZ_CP009257.1
3300338
3300616
+
279
39


IX87_RS16520
NZ_CP009257.1
3307019
3308443

1425
39


IX87_RS01675
NZ_CP009257.1
313729
314775
+
1047
38


IX87_RS05610
NZ_CP009257.1
1089335
1090657

1323
38


IX87_RS06630
NZ_CP009257.1
1284903
1287341

2439
38


IX87_RS07195
NZ_CP009257.1
1403480
1404484

1005
38


IX87_RS07285
NZ_CP009257.1
1417166
1418626

1461
38


IX87_RS07740
NZ_CP009257.1
1499554
1500204
+
651
38


IX87_RS09445
NZ_CP009257.1
1847057
1848307

1251
38


IX87_RS09965
NZ_CP009257.1
1980294
1981667

1374
38


IX87_RS10840
NZ_CP009257.1
2146806
2147249
+
444
38


IX87_RS11000
NZ_CP009257.1
2180287
2181516

1230
38


IX87_RS11400
NZ_CP009257.1
2260767
2262101
+
1335
38


IX87_RS13295
NZ_CP009257.1;
2628895;
2629917;
−; −
1095
38



NZ_CP009257.1
2629919
2629990


IX87_RS13955
NZ_CP009257.1
2767310
2768131

822
38


IX87_RS14265
NZ_CP009257.1
2834833
2835954
+
1122
38


IX87_RS14460
NZ_CP009257.1
2874246
2874893

648
38


IX87_RS16065
NZ_CP009257.1
3216427
3217302

876
38


IX87_RS16070
NZ_CP009257.1
3217468
3219309

1842
38


IX87_RS18610
NZ_CP009257.1
3731624
3733483

1860
38


IX87_RS21280
NZ_CP009257.1
4262143
4263252
+
1110
38


IX87_RS00560
NZ_CP009257.1
87492
89951

2460
37


IX87_RS04365
NZ_CP009257.1
845881
846105

225
37


IX87_RS08535
NZ_CP009257.1
1650798
1651100

303
37


IX87_RS09065
NZ_CP009257.1
1767291
1769108

1818
37


IX87_RS10415
NZ_CP009257.1
2059846
2060721

876
37


IX87_RS13545
NZ_CP009257.1
2682063
2683946

1884
37


IX87_RS19385
NZ_CP009257.1
3893636
3894547
+
912
37


IX87_RS02680
NZ_CP009257.1
492032
492796

765
36


IX87_RS02735
NZ_CP009257.1
503163
503498
+
336
36


IX87_RS03245
NZ_CP009257.1
608147
608368
+
222
36


IX87_RS04245
NZ_CP009257.1
827434
828411

978
36


IX87_RS07205
NZ_CP009257.1
1405053
1406192

1140
36


IX87_RS08900
NZ_CP009257.1
1737908
1739044

1137
36


IX87_RS12135
NZ_CP009257.1
2393510
2394484

975
36


IX87_RS12770
NZ_CP009257.1
2525107
2525838
+
732
36


IX87_RS13665
NZ_CP009257.1
2709417
2710631

1215
36


IX87_RS14620
NZ_CP009257.1
2908566
2910236
+
1671
36


IX87_RS15465
NZ_CP009257.1
3087438
3088784
+
1347
36


IX87_RS15635
NZ_CP009257.1
3118399
3118839
+
441
36


IX87_RS17025
NZ_CP009257.1
3417608
3418402

795
36


IX87_RS17470
NZ_CP009257.1
3510720
3511784
+
1065
36


IX87_RS18010
NZ_CP009257.1
3626878
3628272

1395
36


IX87_RS19005
NZ_CP009257.1
3808773
3809864
+
1092
36


IX87_RS20740
NZ_CP009257.1
4169103
4169699

597
36


IX87_RS02270
NZ_CP009257.1
417143
418030

888
35


IX87_RS06780
NZ_CP009257.1
1318650
1318853
+
204
35


IX87_RS11900
NZ_CP009257.1
2345496
2346272
+
777
35


IX87_RS12555
NZ_CP009257.1
2480962
2482362

1401
35


IX87_RS13640
NZ_CP009257.1
2704006
2704716
+
711
35


IX87_RS14150
NZ_CP009257.1
2815862
2816254
+
393
35


IX87_RS15995
NZ_CP009257.1
3194518
3195465

948
35


IX87_RS16365
NZ_CP009257.1
3276791
3277762

972
35


IX87_RS17890
NZ_CP009257.1
3597452
3598681
+
1230
35


IX87_RS18635
NZ_CP009257.1
3736149
3736622

474
35


IX87_RS20770
NZ_CP009257.1
4173290
4173721
+
432
35


IX87_RS20835
NZ_CP009257.1
4186200
4187918
+
1719
35


IX87_RS01535
NZ_CP009257.1
282437
284401

1965
34


IX87_RS02165
NZ_CP009257.1
400464
400766

303
34


IX87_RS02345
NZ_CP009257.1
432377
433579
+
1203
34


IX87_RS04305
NZ_CP009257.1
838139
838954

816
34


IX87_RS04630
NZ_CP009257.1
903383
904549

1167
34


IX87_RS08780
NZ_CP009257.1
1707595
1709058
+
1464
34


IX87_RS09375
NZ_CP009257.1
1830264
1831751
+
1488
34


IX87_RS10465
NZ_CP009257.1
2070902
2071666
+
765
34


IX87_RS10575
NZ_CP009257.1
2092143
2093618

1476
34


IX87_RS11390
NZ_CP009257.1
2258128
2259753
+
1626
34


IX87_RS11855
NZ_CP009257.1
2338087
2338407

321
34


IX87_RS11950
NZ_CP009257.1
2357521
2358102

582
34


IX87_RS11990
NZ_CP009257.1
2362985
2364832

1848
34


IX87_RS12180
NZ_CP009257.1
2404776
2406053

1278
34


IX87_RS15000
NZ_CP009257.1
2996594
2997058

465
34


IX87_RS15800
NZ_CP009257.1
3155209
3155796
+
588
34


IX87_RS15970
NZ_CP009257.1
3188329
3189831

1503
34


IX87_RS16180
NZ_CP009257.1
3238496
3239794

1299
34


IX87_RS16765
NZ_CP009257.1
3362725
3363957
+
1233
34


IX87_RS16825
NZ_CP009257.1
3373561
3374619

1059
34


IX87_RS16935
NZ_CP009257.1
3398341
3399933
+
1593
34


IX87_RS18060
NZ_CP009257.1
3636801
3637418

618
34


IX87_RS19195
NZ_CP009257.1
3851163
3852572

1410
34


IX87_RS21250
NZ_CP009257.1
4256259
4257455

1197
34


IX87_RS00800
NZ_CP009257.1
141775
143769

1995
33


IX87_RS01615
NZ_CP009257.1
302073
302471
+
399
33


IX87_RS01660
NZ_CP009257.1
309655
311694

2040
33


IX87_RS03860
NZ_CP009257.1
746078
746581

504
33


IX87_RS04235
NZ_CP009257.1
826305
826853

549
33


IX87_RS05395
NZ_CP009257.1
1044136
1047255

3120
33


IX87_RS06050
NZ_CP009257.1
1157192
1158349
+
1158
33


IX87_RS08980
NZ_CP009257.1
1754836
1755627
+
792
33


IX87_RS11635
NZ_CP009257.1
2305603
2306244

642
33


IX87_RS12115
NZ_CP009257.1
2389861
2390292
+
432
33


IX87_RS13415
NZ_CP009257.1
2657071
2658015

945
33


IX87_RS13610
NZ_CP009257.1
2697449
2698012
+
564
33


IX87_RS15845
NZ_CP009257.1
3163363
3165030

1668
33


IX87_RS16335
NZ_CP009257.1
3272335
3273414
+
1080
33


IX87_RS16775
NZ_CP009257.1
3364764
3365555
+
792
33


IX87_RS17205
NZ_CP009257.1
3453631
3455151
+
1521
33


IX87_RS18975
NZ_CP009257.1
3803509
3803814
+
306
33


IX87_RS18985
NZ_CP009257.1
3804223
3805074
+
852
33


IX87_RS19205
NZ_CP009257.1
3853332
3854036

705
33


IX87_RS20765
NZ_CP009257.1
4172817
4173149
+
333
33


IX87_RS00860
NZ_CP009257.1
155921
157579
+
1659
32


IX87_RS02420
NZ_CP009257.1
449014
449244
+
231
32


IX87_RS03175
NZ_CP009257.1
591047
591331

285
32


IX87_RS03990
NZ_CP009257.1
770803
772521

1719
32


IX87_RS04190
NZ_CP009257.1
816882
817550
+
669
32


IX87_RS04540
NZ_CP009257.1
884059
884685
+
627
32


IX87_RS06825
NZ_CP009257.1
1327527
1329194

1668
32


IX87_RS07350
NZ_CP009257.1
1433718
1433888
+
171
32


IX87_RS09080
NZ_CP009257.1
1771463
1773106
+
1644
32


IX87_RS09165
NZ_CP009257.1
1786664
1787125
+
462
32


IX87_RS10740
NZ_CP009257.1
2125770
2126492
+
723
32


IX87_RS10750
NZ_CP009257.1
2127531
2128355
+
825
32


IX87_RS11570
NZ_CP009257.1
2292668
2293330

663
32


IX87_RS11610
NZ_CP009257.1
2301503
2302078
+
576
32


IX87_RS12285
NZ_CP009257.1
2424915
2425358

444
32


IX87_RS13270
NZ_CP009257.1
2624181
2625161
+
981
32


IX87_RS13460
NZ_CP009257.1
2666433
2667257
+
825
32


IX87_RS13590
NZ_CP009257.1
2691026
2694409

3384
32


IX87_RS14380
NZ_CP009257.1
2859427
2860428

1002
32


IX87_RS15200
NZ_CP009257.1
3034747
3035100

354
32


IX87_RS15760
NZ_CP009257.1
3148198
3149112
+
915
32


IX87_RS16925
NZ_CP009257.1
3396371
3396943

573
32


IX87_RS17605
NZ_CP009257.1
3535112
3535603
+
492
32


IX87_RS17945
NZ_CP009257.1
3611396
3612205

810
32


IX87_RS18760
NZ_CP009257.1
3765132
3767234
+
2103
32


IX87_RS18960
NZ_CP009257.1
3802092
3802358
+
267
32


IX87_RS02785
NZ_CP009257.1
512549
513034

486
31


IX87_RS06365
NZ_CP009257.1
1226044
1226697
+
654
31


IX87_RS13685
NZ_CP009257.1
2712761
2713984

1224
31


IX87_RS14445
NZ_CP009257.1
2871960
2872661

702
31


IX87_RS15010
NZ_CP009257.1
2998228
2998626
+
399
31


IX87_RS15990
NZ_CP009257.1
3193838
3194506

669
31


IX87_RS17055
NZ_CP009257.1
3424926
3426317
+
1392
31


IX87_RS17220
NZ_CP009257.1
3457303
3458139
+
837
31


IX87_RS18065
NZ_CP009257.1
3637508
3638080

573
31


IX87_RS18935
NZ_CP009257.1
3798035
3798364
+
330
31


IX87_RS21275
NZ_CP009257.1
4260458
4261801

1344
31


IX87_RS05025
NZ_CP009257.1
961029
962348

1320
30


IX87_RS08970
NZ_CP009257.1
1751954
1752541

588
30


IX87_RS09260
NZ_CP009257.1
1805699
1806670
+
972
30


IX87_RS10480
NZ_CP009257.1
2073566
2075020

1455
30


IX87_RS12705
NZ_CP009257.1
2511328
2513517

2190
30


IX87_RS14240
NZ_CP009257.1
2830830
2832080
+
1251
30


IX87_RS15380
NZ_CP009257.1
3069963
3071033
+
1071
30


IX87_RS15475
NZ_CP009257.1
3090056
3090988

933
30


IX87_RS15590
NZ_CP009257.1
3113354
3113983
+
630
30


IX87_RS15850
NZ_CP009257.1
3165183
3166454
+
1272
30


IX87_RS16020
NZ_CP009257.1
3202305
3205985
+
3681
30


IX87_RS16445
NZ_CP009257.1
3296293
3296865
+
573
30


IX87_RS16450
NZ_CP009257.1
3296982
3298961
+
1980
30


IX87_RS16840
NZ_CP009257.1
3376305
3377138
+
834
30


IX87_RS17170
NZ_CP009257.1
3445757
3446758

1002
30


IX87_RS18595
NZ_CP009257.1
3729262
3729696
+
435
30


IX87_RS18620
NZ_CP009257.1
3734126
3734446

321
30


IX87_RS21115
NZ_CP009257.1
4229107
4231200
+
2094
30


IX87_RS03080
NZ_CP009257.1
574567
575193
+
627
29


IX87_RS04080
NZ_CP009257.1
794600
795550

951
29


IX87_RS04580
NZ_CP009257.1
893079
893567
+
489
29


IX87_RS06025
NZ_CP009257.1
1151701
1152729

1029
29


IX87_RS07135
NZ_CP009257.1
1390331
1391839

1509
29


IX87_RS09320
NZ_CP009257.1
1817676
1818305
+
630
29


IX87_RS09935
NZ_CP009257.1
1975228
1975761
+
534
29


IX87_RS10925
NZ_CP009257.1
2164138
2164779
+
642
29


IX87_RS12015
NZ_CP009257.1
2370258
2371046
+
789
29


IX87_RS13375
NZ_CP009257.1
2648241
2648681
+
441
29


IX87_RS14135
NZ_CP009257.1
2812384
2813133

750
29


IX87_RS20635
NZ_CP009257.1
4147315
4148835
+
1521
29


IX87_RS00375
NZ_CP009257.1
51997
54015
+
2019
28


IX87_RS02330
NZ_CP009257.1
429103
430266
+
1164
28


IX87_RS02720
NZ_CP009257.1
500533
501624
+
1092
28


IX87_RS05335
NZ_CP009257.1
1029021
1030466
+
1446
28


IX87_RS06300
NZ_CP009257.1
1210221
1211933

1713
28


IX87_RS06695
NZ_CP009257.1
1300065
1301135
+
1071
28


IX87_RS07140
NZ_CP009257.1
1392018
1392899
+
882
28


IX87_RS07210
NZ_CP009257.1
1406215
1406670

456
28


IX87_RS07230
NZ_CP009257.1
1409031
1410200

1170
28


IX87_RS09980
NZ_CP009257.1
1984041
1984688

648
28


IX87_RS10705
NZ_CP009257.1
2117557
2118675
+
1119
28


IX87_RS10960
NZ_CP009257.1
2172393
2173463

1071
28


IX87_RS11040
NZ_CP009257.1
2189378
2190064

687
28


IX87_RS11045
NZ_CP009257.1
2190084
2191742

1659
28


IX87_RS11555
NZ_CP009257.1
2290486
2291013
+
528
28


IX87_RS11980
NZ_CP009257.1
2361763
2362581

819
28


IX87_RS12005
NZ_CP009257.1
2368404
2369006
+
603
28


IX87_RS12320
NZ_CP009257.1
2430928
2431476

549
28


IX87_RS12610
NZ_CP009257.1
2492421
2493305
+
885
28


IX87_RS13380
NZ_CP009257.1
2648779
2649681

903
28


IX87_RS13495
NZ_CP009257.1
2673584
2674129

546
28


IX87_RS14130
NZ_CP009257.1
2811287
2812369

1083
28


IX87_RS15105
NZ_CP009257.1
3014688
3015116
+
429
28


IX87_RS15195
NZ_CP009257.1
3034100
3034600
+
501
28


IX87_RS15440
NZ_CP009257.1
3082866
3083681

816
28


IX87_RS16045
NZ_CP009257.1
3212772
3213983
+
1212
28


IX87_RS16160
NZ_CP009257.1
3236100
3236510
+
411
28


IX87_RS16410
NZ_CP009257.1
3288317
3290227

1911
28


IX87_RS16650
NZ_CP009257.1
3332025
3334313

2289
28


IX87_RS17050
NZ_CP009257.1
3424098
3424916
+
819
28


IX87_RS18105
NZ_CP009257.1
3642853
3643527
+
675
28


IX87_RS20645
NZ_CP009257.1
4149512
4150183

672
28


IX87_RS00365
NZ_CP009257.1
49867
51117

1251
27


IX87_RS01630
NZ_CP009257.1
304069
304524

456
27


IX87_RS03765
NZ_CP009257.1
722980
724137

1158
27


IX87_RS03815
NZ_CP009257.1
732520
735201

2682
27


IX87_RS05490
NZ_CP009257.1
1062592
1063254
+
663
27


IX87_RS05615
NZ_CP009257.1
1090725
1091357

633
27


IX87_RS06385
NZ_CP009257.1
1229277
1231226

1950
27


IX87_RS06560
NZ_CP009257.1
1271031
1272167

1137
27


IX87_RS08805
NZ_CP009257.1
1714120
1715514

1395
27


IX87_RS11395
NZ_CP009257.1
2259754
2260563

810
27


IX87_RS12495
NZ_CP009257.1
2468319
2468978

660
27


IX87_RS13465
NZ_CP009257.1
2667713
2668063
+
351
27


IX87_RS13605
NZ_CP009257.1
2696850
2697389
+
540
27


IX87_RS15540
NZ_CP009257.1
3103545
3104279
+
735
27


IX87_RS16400
NZ_CP009257.1
3286484
3287419

936
27


IX87_RS16530
NZ_CP009257.1
3309296
3310186
+
891
27


IX87_RS16565
NZ_CP009257.1
3314709
3315551

843
27


IX87_RS18945
NZ_CP009257.1
3799276
3800400
+
1125
27


IX87_RS20795
NZ_CP009257.1
4177117
4177911

795
27


IX87_RS01645
NZ_CP009257.1
306637
307545

909
26


IX87_RS02255
NZ_CP009257.1
414290
416017

1728
26


IX87_RS02800
NZ_CP009257.1
515587
516894
+
1308
26


IX87_RS04225
NZ_CP009257.1
825027
825773

747
26


IX87_RS05300
NZ_CP009257.1
1021581
1022816

1236
26


IX87_RS05540
NZ_CP009257.1
1077605
1079248
+
1644
26


IX87_RS07020
NZ_CP009257.1
1363028
1363261
+
234
26


IX87_RS07225
NZ_CP009257.1
1408613
1408993
+
381
26


IX87_RS07260
NZ_CP009257.1
1412820
1413605
+
786
26


IX87_RS08325
NZ_CP009257.1
1601239
1602045
+
807
26


IX87_RS08850
NZ_CP009257.1
1726097
1727416
+
1320
26


IX87_RS09745
NZ_CP009257.1
1919039
1919575
+
537
26


IX87_RS09985
NZ_CP009257.1
1984977
1985234

258
26


IX87_RS12245
NZ_CP009257.1
2417012
2417380

369
26


IX87_RS12365
NZ_CP009257.1
2439691
2440641

951
26


IX87_RS13950
NZ_CP009257.1
2766605
2767258

654
26


IX87_RS14610
NZ_CP009257.1
2906314
2907189
+
876
26


IX87_RS14630
NZ_CP009257.1
2911289
2912659

1371
26


IX87_RS14925
NZ_CP009257.1
2981040
2982257

1218
26


IX87_RS15890
NZ_CP009257.1
3173363
3174166
+
804
26


IX87_RS16055
NZ_CP009257.1
3214571
3215527

957
26


IX87_RS16195
NZ_CP009257.1
3242618
3243913

1296
26


IX87_RS16850
NZ_CP009257.1
3378625
3380619

1995
26


IX87_RS17240
NZ_CP009257.1
3464514
3465431

918
26


IX87_RS18210
NZ_CP009257.1
3660381
3660854

474
26


IX87_RS18685
NZ_CP009257.1
3746588
3747961

1374
26


IX87_RS18940
NZ_CP009257.1
3798374
3798970
+
597
26


IX87_RS20760
NZ_CP009257.1
4172105
4172338
+
234
26


IX87_RS21220
NZ_CP009257.1
4249442
4250230

789
26


IX87_RS21355
NZ_CP009257.1
4275991
4276359
+
369
26


IX87_RS01800
NZ_CP009257.1
339703
340731
+
1029
25


IX87_RS02275
NZ_CP009257.1
418027
418809

783
25


IX87_RS02555
NZ_CP009257.1
473120
474037
+
918
25


IX87_RS05550
NZ_CP009257.1
1080014
1080877

864
25


IX87_RS08630
NZ_CP009257.1
1672235
1673368
+
1134
25


IX87_RS08880
NZ_CP009257.1
1732783
1734033
+
1251
25


IX87_RS09215
NZ_CP009257.1
1797566
1798570
+
1005
25


IX87_RS09345
NZ_CP009257.1
1823803
1824489

687
25


IX87_RS09655
NZ_CP009257.1
1901094
1902032

939
25


IX87_RS10005
NZ_CP009257.1
1986851
1987828
+
978
25


IX87_RS11370
NZ_CP009257.1
2254737
2255240
+
504
25


IX87_RS12500
NZ_CP009257.1
2468994
2470076

1083
25


IX87_RS13615
NZ_CP009257.1
2698026
2699336
+
1311
25


IX87_RS13975
NZ_CP009257.1
2770515
2773640

3126
25


IX87_RS16005
NZ_CP009257.1
3196529
3197947
+
1419
25


IX87_RS16275
NZ_CP009257.1
3259569
3260621
+
1053
25


IX87_RS16635
NZ_CP009257.1
3327836
3328996

1161
25


IX87_RS18120
NZ_CP009257.1
3646451
3647011
+
561
25


IX87_RS18900
NZ_CP009257.1
3792449
3792649
+
201
25


IX87_RS20660
NZ_CP009257.1
4152646
4153983
+
1338
25


IX87_RS02320
NZ_CP009257.1
428096
428479
+
384
24


IX87_RS03665
NZ_CP009257.1
700843
701157

315
24


IX87_RS04315
NZ_CP009257.1
839662
839877

216
24


IX87_RS04590
NZ_CP009257.1
896505
897311
+
807
24


IX87_RS06080
NZ_CP009257.1
1165968
1167227

1260
24


IX87_RS06770
NZ_CP009257.1
1316709
1317404
+
696
24


IX87_RS07165
NZ_CP009257.1
1396045
1397472

1428
24


IX87_RS07310
NZ_CP009257.1
1423947
1425092

1146
24


IX87_RS07795
NZ_CP009257.1
1509034
1509861
+
828
24


IX87_RS08835
NZ_CP009257.1
1720677
1721465
+
789
24


IX87_RS09370
NZ_CP009257.1
1828805
1829884

1080
24


IX87_RS09595
NZ_CP009257.1
1877699
1878604

906
24


IX87_RS09775
NZ_CP009257.1
1926318
1926755
+
438
24


IX87_RS09790
NZ_CP009257.1
1927934
1929658

1725
24


IX87_RS10050
NZ_CP009257.1
1998020
1998826

807
24


IX87_RS11080
NZ_CP009257.1
2198122
2199585

1464
24


IX87_RS11425
NZ_CP009257.1
2264611
2265423

813
24


IX87_RS11915
NZ_CP009257.1
2348762
2349634

873
24


IX87_RS12965
NZ_CP009257.1
2556772
2557653

882
24


IX87_RS13120
NZ_CP009257.1
2589460
2590902

1443
24


IX87_RS13815
NZ_CP009257.1
2742868
2743647
+
780
24


IX87_RS14025
NZ_CP009257.1
2786496
2787800
+
1305
24


IX87_RS14915
NZ_CP009257.1
2979708
2980349

642
24


IX87_RS15390
NZ_CP009257.1
3072722
3073906
+
1185
24


IX87_RS15975
NZ_CP009257.1
3189841
3190614

774
24


IX87_RS16015
NZ_CP009257.1
3198648
3202283
+
3636
24


IX87_RS17315
NZ_CP009257.1
3478991
3480466
+
1476
24


IX87_RS17335
NZ_CP009257.1
3482626
3483309
+
684
24


IX87_RS17425
NZ_CP009257.1
3502154
3502840
+
687
24


IX87_RS17805
NZ_CP009257.1
3581518
3582153
+
636
24


IX87_RS17855
NZ_CP009257.1
3589778
3590923

1146
24


IX87_RS17930
NZ_CP009257.1
3606721
3609171
+
2451
24


IX87_RS18165
NZ_CP009257.1
3650001
3650834

834
24


IX87_RS18185
NZ_CP009257.1
3654514
3656379

1866
24


IX87_RS18510
NZ_CP009257.1
3708769
3710559
+
1791
24


IX87_RS18980
NZ_CP009257.1
3803807
3804193
+
387
24


IX87_RS19000
NZ_CP009257.1
3807756
3808760
+
1005
24


IX87_RS20605
NZ_CP009257.1
4140685
4141740

1056
24


IX87_RS20665
NZ_CP009257.1
4154025
4155176

1152
24


IX87_RS03670
NZ_CP009257.1
701166
702104

939
23


IX87_RS05310
NZ_CP009257.1
1023693
1025123
+
1431
23


IX87_RS05545
NZ_CP009257.1
1079248
1079991
+
744
23


IX87_RS05625
NZ_CP009257.1
1091979
1092263
+
285
23


IX87_RS07220
NZ_CP009257.1
1407834
1408409

576
23


IX87_RS08625
NZ_CP009257.1
1671742
1672230
+
489
23


IX87_RS08855
NZ_CP009257.1
1727515
1728801
+
1287
23


IX87_RS09060
NZ_CP009257.1
1766393
1767220

828
23


IX87_RS09910
NZ_CP009257.1
1970874
1971398

525
23


IX87_RS09930
NZ_CP009257.1
1974494
1975147
+
654
23


IX87_RS11430
NZ_CP009257.1
2265447
2266430

984
23


IX87_RS13110
NZ_CP009257.1
2586453
2587745

1293
23


IX87_RS13265
NZ_CP009257.1
2623493
2624068
+
576
23


IX87_RS14370
NZ_CP009257.1
2856005
2856535

531
23


IX87_RS15495
NZ_CP009257.1
3093257
3095134

1878
23


IX87_RS16755
NZ_CP009257.1
3361857
3362057
+
201
23


IX87_RS16780
NZ_CP009257.1
3365577
3366692
+
1116
23


IX87_RS18525
NZ_CP009257.1
3714445
3715383
+
939
23


IX87_RS18550
NZ_CP009257.1
3719775
3720632
+
858
23


IX87_RS20745
NZ_CP009257.1
4169889
4170995

1107
23


IX87_RS20810
NZ_CP009257.1
4180436
4180681
+
246
23


IX87_RS00625
NZ_CP009257.1
103429
104763

1335
22


IX87_RS02130
NZ_CP009257.1
394677
395654

978
22


IX87_RS03500
NZ_CP009257.1
667769
668491

723
22


IX87_RS03760
NZ_CP009257.1
722445
722900
+
456
22


IX87_RS03865
NZ_CP009257.1
746631
748112

1482
22


IX87_RS04180
NZ_CP009257.1
815567
815890
+
324
22


IX87_RS04260
NZ_CP009257.1
830546
831175

630
22


IX87_RS04555
NZ_CP009257.1
887192
888436

1245
22


IX87_RS05605
NZ_CP009257.1
1088095
1089303

1209
22


IX87_RS06000
NZ_CP009257.1
1146413
1146985
+
573
22


IX87_RS06745
NZ_CP009257.1
1311150
1311419
+
270
22


IX87_RS06805
NZ_CP009257.1
1323261
1324628

1368
22


IX87_RS09130
NZ_CP009257.1
1781059
1781982
+
924
22


IX87_RS09145
NZ_CP009257.1
1784017
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1638
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NZ_CP009257.1
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648
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS00840
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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729
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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858
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999
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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405
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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561
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1410
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IX87_RS03680
NZ_CP009257.1
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1380
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IX87_RS04075
NZ_CP009257.1
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459
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IX87_RS05010
NZ_CP009257.1
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390
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IX87_RS06040
NZ_CP009257.1
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504
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IX87_RS06715
NZ_CP009257.1
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1551
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IX87_RS07240
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS07340
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS09305
NZ_CP009257.1
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699
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IX87_RS09615
NZ_CP009257.1
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3096
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IX87_RS09740
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10435
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10580
NZ_CP009257.1
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204
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IX87_RS10810
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10835
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10880
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11155
NZ_CP009257.1
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756
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IX87_RS11340
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11905
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS12805
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS13150
NZ_CP009257.1
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1083
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IX87_RS14080
NZ_CP009257.1
2799025
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1128
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IX87_RS14320
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15190
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15725
NZ_CP009257.1
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705
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IX87_RS16240
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS16855
NZ_CP009257.1
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1338
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IX87_RS18170
NZ_CP009257.1
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579
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IX87_RS18180
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18650
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS21120
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS01655
NZ_CP009257.1
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453
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IX87_RS01690
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
273
19


IX87_RS02325
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS02440
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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19


IX87_RS03300
NZ_CP009257.1
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672
19


IX87_RS03310
NZ_CP009257.1
618536
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594
19


IX87_RS06255
NZ_CP009257.1
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558
19


IX87_RS06290
NZ_CP009257.1
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1209696
+
828
19


IX87_RS06565
NZ_CP009257.1
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771
19


IX87_RS07855
NZ_CP009257.1
1523492
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+
723
19


IX87_RS08575
NZ_CP009257.1
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402
19


IX87_RS08665
NZ_CP009257.1
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1680762

858
19


IX87_RS08775
NZ_CP009257.1
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384
19


IX87_RS08925
NZ_CP009257.1
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1744224
+
657
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IX87_RS09385
NZ_CP009257.1
1832949
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+
1071
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IX87_RS09450
NZ_CP009257.1
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225
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IX87_RS11375
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
1101
19


IX87_RS12185
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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19


IX87_RS12745
NZ_CP009257.1
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384
19


IX87_RS12750
NZ_CP009257.1
2522372
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+
594
19


IX87_RS13210
NZ_CP009257.1
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681
19


IX87_RS13555
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS13625
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15110
NZ_CP009257.1
3015189
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+
2115
19


IX87_RS16260
NZ_CP009257.1
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678
19


IX87_RS16465
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS16535
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS17995
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18195
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18580
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS20655
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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19


IX87_RS21260
NZ_CP009257.1
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753
19


IX87_RS00345
NZ_CP009257.1
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1404
18


IX87_RS00580
NZ_CP009257.1
92247
93272
+
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18


IX87_RS00830
NZ_CP009257.1
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516
18


IX87_RS02355
NZ_CP009257.1
434269
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+
537
18


IX87_RS03625
NZ_CP009257.1
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1290
18


IX87_RS05535
NZ_CP009257.1
1076093
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1380
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IX87_RS06085
NZ_CP009257.1
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855
18


IX87_RS06225
NZ_CP009257.1
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18


IX87_RS06400
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS06475
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS06545
NZ_CP009257.1
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777
18


IX87_RS06880
NZ_CP009257.1
1339625
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+
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18


IX87_RS07330
NZ_CP009257.1
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909
18


IX87_RS08305
NZ_CP009257.1
1593642
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+
576
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IX87_RS08635
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08910
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10800
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IX87_RS10805
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11300
NZ_CP009257.1
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315
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IX87_RS11440
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11730
NZ_CP009257.1
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1491
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IX87_RS11910
NZ_CP009257.1
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1266
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IX87_RS12045
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS12280
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS13995
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS14425
NZ_CP009257.1
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1356
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IX87_RS14995
NZ_CP009257.1
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789
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IX87_RS15055
NZ_CP009257.1
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600
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IX87_RS15420
NZ_CP009257.1
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636
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IX87_RS15545
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15740
NZ_CP009257.1
3142867
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IX87_RS16170
NZ_CP009257.1
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333
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IX87_RS16405
NZ_CP009257.1
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633
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IX87_RS16975
NZ_CP009257.1
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510
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IX87_RS17255
NZ_CP009257.1
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432
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IX87_RS17510
NZ_CP009257.1
3516339
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IX87_RS18690
NZ_CP009257.1
3748198
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279
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IX87_RS21270
NZ_CP009257.1
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729
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IX87_RS00685
NZ_CP009257.1
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121121

1323
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IX87_RS00795
NZ_CP009257.1
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1260
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IX87_RS01695
NZ_CP009257.1
316861
317148
+
288
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IX87_RS01860
NZ_CP009257.1
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492
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IX87_RS03585
NZ_CP009257.1
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1017
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IX87_RS04155
NZ_CP009257.1
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1350
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IX87_RS06735
NZ_CP009257.1
1309012
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IX87_RS07320
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08695
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IX87_RS08870
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10145
NZ_CP009257.1
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912
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IX87_RS10850
NZ_CP009257.1
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486
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IX87_RS11320
NZ_CP009257.1
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438
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IX87_RS11380
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS13220
NZ_CP009257.1
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333
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IX87_RS13475
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IX87_RS13840
NZ_CP009257.1
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645
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IX87_RS14120
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393
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IX87_RS23185
NZ_CP009257.1
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403
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IX87_RS15365
NZ_CP009257.1
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408
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IX87_RS15560
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS17245
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822
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IX87_RS17415
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18055
NZ_CP009257.1
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768
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IX87_RS20600
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IX87_RS20725
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IX87_RS02150
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IX87_RS02335
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IX87_RS03835
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3825
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IX87_RS03955
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IX87_RS04340
NZ_CP009257.1
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999
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IX87_RS06740
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IX87_RS07030
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1569
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846
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IX87_RS09750
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588
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IX87_RS09995
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IX87_RS10430
NZ_CP009257.1
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819
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IX87_RS10605
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IX87_RS11005
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660
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1035
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11775
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177
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IX87_RS23140
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171
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IX87_RS12340
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3759
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IX87_RS13100
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IX87_RS13875
NZ_CP009257.1
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1122
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1326
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IX87_RS14480
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IX87_RS14795
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15320
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228
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IX87_RS15515
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IX87_RS15695
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15980
NZ_CP009257.1
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1314
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IX87_RS16075
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2229
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IX87_RS16420
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1011
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1056
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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273
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IX87_RS17860
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1644
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18545
NZ_CP009257.1
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369
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IX87_RS18855
NZ_CP009257.1
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894
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IX87_RS19390
NZ_CP009257.1
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3895314
+
759
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IX87_RS20590
NZ_CP009257.1
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2025
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IX87_RS20750
NZ_CP009257.1
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327
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IX87_RS21255
NZ_CP009257.1
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825
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IX87_RS21290
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS02285
NZ_CP009257.1
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690
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS06390
NZ_CP009257.1
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474
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IX87_RS06580
NZ_CP009257.1
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1089
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IX87_RS07290
NZ_CP009257.1
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384
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IX87_RS09990
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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570
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IX87_RS00835
NZ_CP009257.1
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615
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IX87_RS02250
NZ_CP009257.1
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1011
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IX87_RS02370
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS02425
NZ_CP009257.1
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747
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NZ_CP009257.1
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819
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IX87_RS03725
NZ_CP009257.1
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684
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IX87_RS04135
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS04240
NZ_CP009257.1
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540
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IX87_RS04600
NZ_CP009257.1
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423
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS05525
NZ_CP009257.1
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1713
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1191
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IX87_RS06480
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS06635
NZ_CP009257.1
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837
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IX87_RS06820
NZ_CP009257.1
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711
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IX87_RS07305
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08330
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08945
NZ_CP009257.1
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735
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IX87_RS08990
NZ_CP009257.1
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180
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IX87_RS09290
NZ_CP009257.1
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1230
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IX87_RS09585
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS09600
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10055
NZ_CP009257.1
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678
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IX87_RS10420
NZ_CP009257.1
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999
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IX87_RS10885
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11085
NZ_CP009257.1
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2076
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11280
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS11930
NZ_CP009257.1
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816
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IX87_RS12630
NZ_CP009257.1
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804
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IX87_RS12835
NZ_CP009257.1
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1104
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IX87_RS13550
NZ_CP009257.1
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582
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IX87_RS13630
NZ_CP009257.1
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834
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IX87_RS14090
NZ_CP009257.1
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336
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IX87_RS14505
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS14730
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1062
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15690
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
3583557
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IX87_RS17955
NZ_CP009257.1
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735
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IX87_RS18045
NZ_CP009257.1
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924
14


IX87_RS18830
NZ_CP009257.1
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648
14


IX87_RS18995
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS19445
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS19840
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS21295
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS21410
NZ_CP009257.1
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1041
14


IX87_RS00370
NZ_CP009257.1
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519
13


IX87_RS00585
NZ_CP009257.1
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13


IX87_RS02225
NZ_CP009257.1
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609
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IX87_RS02290
NZ_CP009257.1
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1014
13


IX87_RS03295
NZ_CP009257.1
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1284
13


IX87_RS05315
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1245
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS06460
NZ_CP009257.1
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363
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IX87_RS08920
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS09380
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS09685
NZ_CP009257.1
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669
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IX87_RS11150
NZ_CP009257.1
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768
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IX87_RS11415
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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987
13


IX87_RS12410
NZ_CP009257.1
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561
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IX87_RS13285
NZ_CP009257.1
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1059
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IX87_RS13970
NZ_CP009257.1
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378
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IX87_RS14145
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15525
NZ_CP009257.1
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270
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS16320
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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990
13


IX87_RS17010
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS17085
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS00550
NZ_CP009257.1
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678
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IX87_RS00595
NZ_CP009257.1
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639
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IX87_RS00770
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS00785
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS01620
NZ_CP009257.1
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324
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IX87_RS01635
NZ_CP009257.1
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849
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IX87_RS01855
NZ_CP009257.1
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264
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IX87_RS02375
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441
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IX87_RS02780
NZ_CP009257.1
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846
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IX87_RS02890
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IX87_RS02965
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IX87_RS03085
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IX87_RS03155
NZ_CP009257.1
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861
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IX87_RS03350
NZ_CP009257.1
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804
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IX87_RS03580
NZ_CP009257.1
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570
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IX87_RS03620
NZ_CP009257.1
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966
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IX87_RS03645
NZ_CP009257.1
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774
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1407
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1011
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NZ_CP009257.1
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972
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08685
NZ_CP009257.1
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1380
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IX87_RS09090
NZ_CP009257.1
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600
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IX87_RS09095
NZ_CP009257.1
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1071
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IX87_RS09175
NZ_CP009257.1
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591
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IX87_RS09195
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1167
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IX87_RS10130
NZ_CP009257.1
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456
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1194
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504
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852
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IX87_RS11500
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564
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IX87_RS11640
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498
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831
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NZ_CP009257.1
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825
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IX87_RS12635
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639
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441
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1713
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276
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1395
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IX87_RS17030
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867
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627
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IX87_RS17960
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597
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339
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966
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717
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759
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IX87_RS20775
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1209
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IX87_RS21140
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1179
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IX87_RS21180
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294
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IX87_RS00895
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1878
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438
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1518
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363
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1164
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IX87_RS11695
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS12325
NZ_CP009257.1
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252
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IX87_RS12915
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411
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IX87_RS13305
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1701
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IX87_RS13455
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651
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IX87_RS13945
NZ_CP009257.1
2765375
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810
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NZ_CP009257.1
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759
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IX87_RS15415
NZ_CP009257.1
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1524
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IX87_RS16985
NZ_CP009257.1
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1185
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NZ_CP009257.1
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825
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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768
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NZ_CP009257.1
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582
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NZ_CP009257.1
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519
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1095
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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666
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IX87_RS00820
NZ_CP009257.1
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999
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NZ_CP009257.1
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453
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NZ_CP009257.1
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504
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NZ_CP009257.1
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981
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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864
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
816
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IX87_RS02920
NZ_CP009257.1
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796
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS03640
NZ_CP009257.1
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792
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IX87_RS03650
NZ_CP009257.1
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1062
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IX87_RS03805
NZ_CP009257.1
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1365
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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780
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807
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1308
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IX87_RS09950
NZ_CP009257.1
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561
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IX87_RS10675
NZ_CP009257.1
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4521
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NZ_CP009257.1
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507
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NZ_CP009257.1
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447
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1254
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NZ_CP009257.1
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840
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NZ_CP009257.1
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429
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IX87_RS11625
NZ_CP009257.1
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915
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IX87_RS12060
NZ_CP009257.1
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1263
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IX87_RS12240
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS12575
NZ_CP009257.1
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924
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IX87_RS13075
NZ_CP009257.1
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384
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IX87_RS13080
NZ_CP009257.1
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828
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IX87_RS13155
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
675
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IX87_RS13505
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS13730
NZ_CP009257.1
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801
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IX87_RS13805
NZ_CP009257.1
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633
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IX87_RS13810
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1161
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NZ_CP009257.1
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327
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15085
NZ_CP009257.1
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570
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IX87_RS15445
NZ_CP009257.1
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921
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IX87_RS15790
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15815
NZ_CP009257.1
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774
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IX87_RS15945
NZ_CP009257.1
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528
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IX87_RS16060
NZ_CP009257.1
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612
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1296
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IX87_RS18030
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18125
NZ_CP009257.1
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381
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IX87_RS18200
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS18555
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS18990
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
1188
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IX87_RS19210
NZ_CP009257.1
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882
10


IX87_RS19960
NZ_CP009257.1
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1494
10


IX87_RS20430
NZ_CP009257.1
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1122
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IX87_RS20475
NZ_CP009257.1
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1320
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IX87_RS20540
NZ_CP009257.1
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351
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IX87_RS20640
NZ_CP009257.1
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681
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IX87_RS21335
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS21340
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS00500
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS00890
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS01590
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS02265
NZ_CP009257.1
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636
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IX87_RS03590
NZ_CP009257.1
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594
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IX87_RS03660
NZ_CP009257.1
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756
9


IX87_RS05005
NZ_CP009257.1
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567
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IX87_RS05100
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS05500
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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2655
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IX87_RS07035
NZ_CP009257.1
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1383
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IX87_RS07835
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS08410
NZ_CP009257.1
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1596
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IX87_RS08800
NZ_CP009257.1
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816
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IX87_RS09210
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS09770
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10040
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS10140
NZ_CP009257.1
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369
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IX87_RS11020
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS11535
NZ_CP009257.1
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1068
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IX87_RS12195
NZ_CP009257.1
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564
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IX87_RS12875
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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978
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IX87_RS13520
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS15205
NZ_CP009257.1
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1056
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IX87_RS15550
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS16940
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS17865
NZ_CP009257.1
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570
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IX87_RS18025
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS18495
NZ_CP009257.1
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882
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IX87_RS18570
NZ_CP009257.1
3722638
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+
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9


IX87_RS19845
NZ_CP009257.1
3988611
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IX87_RS21135
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS00290
NZ_CP009257.1
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318
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IX87_RS00390
NZ_CP009257.1
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615
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IX87_RS00570
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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IX87_RS00810
NZ_CP009257.1
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531
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IX87_RS01575
NZ_CP009257.1
292288
292665
+
378
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IX87_RS01745
NZ_CP009257.1
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882
8


IX87_RS01780
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
453
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IX87_RS01810
NZ_CP009257.1
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915
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IX87_RS01820
NZ_CP009257.1
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1116
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IX87_RS02205
NZ_CP009257.1
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960
8


IX87_RS02280
NZ_CP009257.1
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633
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IX87_RS02495
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS02835
NZ_CP009257.1
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1587
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IX87_RS02910
NZ_CP009257.1
541550
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882
8


IX87_RS02925
NZ_CP009257.1
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1041
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IX87_RS02980
NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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942
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IX87_RS03850
NZ_CP009257.1
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1812
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IX87_RS04265
NZ_CP009257.1
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594
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IX87_RS05055
NZ_CP009257.1
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624
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IX87_RS05150
NZ_CP009257.1
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459
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IX87_RS06075
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS06370
NZ_CP009257.1
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858
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1644
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IX87_RS06700
NZ_CP009257.1
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711
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IX87_RS06710
NZ_CP009257.1
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597
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08650
NZ_CP009257.1
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2187
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IX87_RS08670
NZ_CP009257.1
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1371
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NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS08890
NZ_CP009257.1
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645
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IX87_RS09105
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IX87_RS09280
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS09360
NZ_CP009257.1
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486
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IX87_RS09905
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IX87_RS10425
NZ_CP009257.1
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894
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IX87_RS10450
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IX87_RS10530
NZ_CP009257.1
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1068
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1056
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IX87_RS10585
NZ_CP009257.1
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IX87_RS10680
NZ_CP009257.1
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2079
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IX87_RS10765
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2088
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IX87_RS10770
NZ_CP009257.1
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567
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NZ_CP009257.1
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351
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246
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516
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1389
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1056
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264
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528
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357
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IX87_RS14495
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846
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597
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861
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798
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IX87_RS16575
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360
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IX87_RS16620
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624
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555
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996
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930
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420
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987
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483
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IX87_RS21390
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1236
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IX87_RS00350
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4277056
+
285
5


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
309
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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100023
+
1677
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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101301
+
165
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
122017
123315
+
1299
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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130329

825
4


IX87_RS00790
NZ_CP009257.1
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140404

405
4


IX87_RS00885
NZ_CP009257.1
161396
162274
+
879
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
290463
291368

906
4


IX87_RS01585
NZ_CP009257.1
293376
294644
+
1269
4


IX87_RS01600
NZ_CP009257.1
299241
300308
+
1068
4


IX87_RS01605
NZ_CP009257.1
300336
301454
+
1119
4


IX87_RS01700
NZ_CP009257.1
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317811

621
4


IX87_RS01725
NZ_CP009257.1
323939
324394

456
4


IX87_RS01815
NZ_CP009257.1
342013
343464

1452
4


IX87_RS01840
NZ_CP009257.1
348562
349542
+
981
4


IX87_RS02120
NZ_CP009257.1
392315
393274

960
4


IX87_RS02135
NZ_CP009257.1
395818
396792
+
975
4


IX87_RS02245
NZ_CP009257.1
412506
413267

762
4


IX87_RS23030
NZ_CP009257.1
455917
456057

141
4


IX87_RS02875
NZ_CP009257.1
533496
535370

1875
4


IX87_RS02895
NZ_CP009257.1
538135
538884

750
4


IX87_RS03050
NZ_CP009257.1
569412
570005

594
4


IX87_RS03090
NZ_CP009257.1
576125
577045

921
4


IX87_RS03150
NZ_CP009257.1
586874
587740

867
4


IX87_RS03205
NZ_CP009257.1
599059
599670

612
4


IX87_RS03210
NZ_CP009257.1
599953
600189
+
237
4


IX87_RS03285
NZ_CP009257.1
612173
613078

906
4


IX87_RS03690
NZ_CP009257.1
708069
709649
+
1581
4


IX87_RS03695
NZ_CP009257.1
709808
711097
+
1290
4


IX87_RS03735
NZ_CP009257.1
717720
718655

936
4


IX87_RS03800
NZ_CP009257.1
729197
730003

807
4


IX87_RS03810
NZ_CP009257.1
731402
732496

1095
4


IX87_RS04140
NZ_CP009257.1
804543
805847

1305
4


IX87_RS04150
NZ_CP009257.1
807340
808272

933
4


IX87_RS04165
NZ_CP009257.1
811239
811706
+
468
4


IX87_RS04355
NZ_CP009257.1
844207
845469
+
1263
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
849860
852331

2472
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
852498
852698
+
201
4


IX87_RS04470
NZ_CP009257.1
865642
866835
+
1194
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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897733

426
4


IX87_RS05015
NZ_CP009257.1
959318
959875
+
558
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
970168
971001
+
834
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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976184
+
1488
4


IX87_RS05275
NZ_CP009257.1
1016197
1017657
+
1461
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
1020490
1021584

1095
4


IX87_RS05340
NZ_CP009257.1
1030612
1031970
+
1359
4


IX87_RS05585
NZ_CP009257.1
1085242
1085883

642
4


IX87_RS05600
NZ_CP009257.1
1086866
1088098

1233
4


IX87_RS06015
NZ_CP009257.1
1148484
1149821
+
1338
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
1158832
1161060

2229
4


IX87_RS06105
NZ_CP009257.1
1172016
1172909
+
894
4


IX87_RS06130
NZ_CP009257.1
1176695
1177414

720
4


IX87_RS06200
NZ_CP009257.1
1191055
1191438

384
4


IX87_RS06250
NZ_CP009257.1
1200847
1201344
+
498
4


IX87_RS06270
NZ_CP009257.1
1203470
1204156

687
4


IX87_RS06520
NZ_CP009257.1
1261430
1263469

2040
4


IX87_RS06570
NZ_CP009257.1
1273122
1274150
+
1029
4


IX87_RS06590
NZ_CP009257.1
1277217
1278119
+
903
4


IX87_RS06605
NZ_CP009257.1
1279612
1280616
+
1005
4


IX87_RS06610
NZ_CP009257.1
1280763
1281326
+
564
4


IX87_RS06860
NZ_CP009257.1
1335895
1336797

903
4


IX87_RS06955
NZ_CP009257.1
1351437
1352135

699
4


IX87_RS06970
NZ_CP009257.1
1354783
1355931
+
1149
4


IX87_RS06975
NZ_CP009257.1
1356089
1356925
+
837
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
1360973
1361767

795
4


IX87_RS07130
NZ_CP009257.1
1389541
1390344

804
4


IX87_RS07200
NZ_CP009257.1
1404574
1405053

480
4


IX87_RS07265
NZ_CP009257.1
1413742
1414365

624
4


IX87_RS07345
NZ_CP009257.1
1432682
1433581

900
4


IX87_RS07355
NZ_CP009257.1
1433954
1435312

1359
4


IX87_RS07360
NZ_CP009257.1
1435309
1435971

663
4


IX87_RS07365
NZ_CP009257.1
1436079
1436438

360
4


IX87_RS07370
NZ_CP009257.1
1436520
1438277

1758
4


IX87_RS07375
NZ_CP009257.1
1438565
1439833
+
1269
4


IX87_RS07380
NZ_CP009257.1
1439843
1440571

729
4


IX87_RS07390
NZ_CP009257.1
1441510
1442379

870
4


IX87_RS07430
NZ_CP009257.1
1448683
1449468

786
4


IX87_RS07730
NZ_CP009257.1
1497948
1498721
+
774
4


IX87_RS07925
NZ_CP009257.1
1537655
1538164

510
4


IX87_RS08455
NZ_CP009257.1
1634109
1635077

969
4


IX87_RS08500
NZ_CP009257.1
1645659
1646345
+
687
4


IX87_RS08515
NZ_CP009257.1
1648046
1649026

981
4


IX87_RS08755
NZ_CP009257.1
1703440
1704078

639
4


IX87_RS08770
NZ_CP009257.1
1706318
1706929

612
4


IX87_RS08810
NZ_CP009257.1
1715712
1716593

882
4


IX87_RS08915
NZ_CP009257.1
1741284
1742309

1026
4


IX87_RS09005
NZ_CP009257.1
1759538
1759975
+
438
4


IX87_RS09035
NZ_CP009257.1
1763354
1764067

714
4


IX87_RS09100
NZ_CP009257.1
1775397
1776209

813
4


IX87_RS09110
NZ_CP009257.1
1777511
1778119
+
609
4


IX87_RS09430
NZ_CP009257.1
1844447
1845334

888
4


IX87_RS09485
NZ_CP009257.1
1855753
1856544

792
4


IX87_RS09495
NZ_CP009257.1
1859427
1860593
+
1167
4


IX87_RS09565
NZ_CP009257.1
1869643
1873641

3999
4


IX87_RS09670
NZ_CP009257.1
1905970
1907478

1509
4


IX87_RS10045
NZ_CP009257.1
1997531
1997965

435
4


IX87_RS22855
NZ_CP009257.1
2093718
2093858

141
4


IX87_RS10650
NZ_CP009257.1
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2105404

369
4


IX87_RS10725
NZ_CP009257.1
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2124514

345
4


IX87_RS10780
NZ_CP009257.1
2134246
2134536
+
291
4


IX87_RS11325
NZ_CP009257.1
2243938
2244834

897
4


IX87_RS11385
NZ_CP009257.1
2257011
2258021

1011
4


IX87_RS11480
NZ_CP009257.1
2275098
2276024

927
4


IX87_RS11615
NZ_CP009257.1
2302131
2302754

624
4


IX87_RS11660
NZ_CP009257.1
2311147
2311740

594
4


IX87_RS12440
NZ_CP009257.1
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2458472

213
4


IX87_RS12510
NZ_CP009257.1
2470686
2472851

2166
4


IX87_RS12515
NZ_CP009257.1
2472914
2473441

528
4


IX87_RS12520
NZ_CP009257.1
2473452
2474192

741
4


IX87_RS12525
NZ_CP009257.1
2474189
2474830

642
4


IX87_RS12730
NZ_CP009257.1
2520900
2521331
+
432
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
2528229
2528858

630
4


IX87_RS12800
NZ_CP009257.1
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2529821

951
4


IX87_RS13185
NZ_CP009257.1
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2604361

1707
4


IX87_RS13330
NZ_CP009257.1
2637108
2637905

798
4


IX87_RS13350
NZ_CP009257.1
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2641818

576
4


IX87_RS13525
NZ_CP009257.1
2678294
2679019
+
726
4


IX87_RS13770
NZ_CP009257.1
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2733791

540
4


IX87_RS13775
NZ_CP009257.1
2733824
2734576

753
4


IX87_RS13785
NZ_CP009257.1
2736075
2737340

1266
4


IX87_RS13925
NZ_CP009257.1
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2763095

1425
4


IX87_RS14045
NZ_CP009257.1
2790856
2791433

578
4


IX87_RS14180
NZ_CP009257.1
2821253
2821951
+
699
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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2828634

366
4


IX87_RS14250
NZ_CP009257.1
2833765
2834127
+
363
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IX87_RS14260
NZ_CP009257.1
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2834823
+
513
4


IX87_RS14485
NZ_CP009257.1
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2881372
+
2169
4


IX87_RS14735
NZ_CP009257.1
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1965
4


IX87_RS14855
NZ_CP009257.1
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2968721
+
3960
4


IX87_RS14940
NZ_CP009257.1
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2985815
+
528
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NZ_CP009257.1
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765
4


IX87_RS15300
NZ_CP009257.1
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3055872

879
4


IX87_RS15510
NZ_CP009257.1
3097157
3098062
+
906
4


IX87_RS15730
NZ_CP009257.1
3141650
3142408
+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
915
4


IX87_RS16215
NZ_CP009257.1
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3247547
+
897
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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3256478
+
696
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NZ_CP009257.1
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156
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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3318171
+
771
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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843
4


IX87_RS16750
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
552
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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330
4


IX87_RS17005
NZ_CP009257.1
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3414533
+
315
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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774
4


IX87_RS17070
NZ_CP009257.1
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3430390
+
807
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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3437912

1629
4


IX87_RS17215
NZ_CP009257.1
3455928
3457331
+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
843
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NZ_CP009257.1
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3489552
+
834
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NZ_CP009257.1
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549
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
1935
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
624
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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3633513
+
750
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NZ_CP009257.1
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660
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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414
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
735
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
342
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1140
4


IX87_RS19035
NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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NZ_CP009257.1
3842467
3844671
+
2205
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1782
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
75
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1164
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NZ_CP009257.1
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3111
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NZ_CP009257.1
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972
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
885
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NZ_CP009257.1
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762
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915
4


IX87_RS20450
NZ_CP009257.1
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867
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1452
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
4266890
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+
525
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NZ_CP009257.1
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924
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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4283136

486
4


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NZ_CP009257.1
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132
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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NZ_CP009257.1
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2265
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NZ_CP009257.1
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483
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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861
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NZ_CP009257.1
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975
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NZ_CP009257.1
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429
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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564
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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1296
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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780
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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417
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1035
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NZ_CP009257.1
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225
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NZ_CP009257.1
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132
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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465
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453
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
123
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1890
3


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273
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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417
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420
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NZ_CP009257.1
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675
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
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537
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384
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NZ_CP009257.1
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357
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
495
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NZ_CP009257.1
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1158
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
600
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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117
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468
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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642
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NZ_CP009257.1
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702
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NZ_CP009257.1
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
531
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NZ_CP009257.1
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861
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
246
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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363
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378
3


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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
1377
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NZ_CP009257.1
3497822
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+
666
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NZ_CP009257.1
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+
1842
3


IX87_RS20275
NZ_CP009257.1
4071722
4072720

999
3


IX87_RS20685
NZ_CP009257.1
4161744
4162052
+
309
3


IX87_RS21175
NZ_CP009257.1
4243371
4243907
+
537
3


IX87_RS21555
NZ_CP009257.1
4311526
4312824
+
1299
3


IX87_RS00305
NZ_CP009257.1
31675
32454

780
2


IX87_RS00310
NZ_CP009257.1
32512
38628

6117
2


IX87_RS00380
NZ_CP009257.1
54015
54566
+
552
2


IX87_RS00415
NZ_CP009257.1
59191
59511

321
2


IX87_RS00555
NZ_CP009257.1
86681
87490
+
810
2


IX87_RS00565
NZ_CP009257.1
89955
90647

693
2


IX87_RS00600
NZ_CP009257.1
97559
98176
+
618
2


IX87_RS00610
NZ_CP009257.1
100128
101027
+
900
2


IX87_RS00650
NZ_CP009257.1
112668
113996

1329
2


IX87_RS00675
NZ_CP009257.1
117717
118919

1203
2


IX87_RS00735
NZ_CP009257.1
130911
132134

1224
2


IX87_RS00805
NZ_CP009257.1
144006
144347

342
2


IX87_RS00900
NZ_CP009257.1
165706
166413

708
2


IX87_RS00995
NZ_CP009257.1
189648
189932
+
285
2


IX87_RS01540
NZ_CP009257.1
284726
286249

1524
2


IX87_RS21840
NZ_CP009257.1
324502
324717

216
2


IX87_RS01740
NZ_CP009257.1
325895
326566

672
2


IX87_RS02145
NZ_CP009257.1
397655
398251
+
597
2


IX87_RS02235
NZ_CP009257.1
411161
411502

342
2


IX87_RS02340
NZ_CP009257.1
431645
431953
+
309
2


IX87_RS02460
NZ_CP009257.1
456424
456609
+
186
2


IX87_RS02480
NZ_CP009257.1
459068
459661

594
2


IX87_RS02515
NZ_CP009257.1
465225
465761
+
537
2


IX87_RS02535
NZ_CP009257.1
467813
470350
+
2538
2


IX87_RS02545
NZ_CP009257.1
471943
472122
+
180
2


IX87_RS02550
NZ_CP009257.1
472162
473013

852
2


IX87_RS02575
NZ_CP009257.1
476867
477766
+
900
2


IX87_RS02630
NZ_CP009257.1
483670
484215
+
546
2


IX87_RS02700
NZ_CP009257.1
497040
497870
+
831
2


IX87_RS02725
NZ_CP009257.1
501669
502190

522
2


IX87_RS02850
NZ_CP009257.1
530235
531137
+
903
2


IX87_RS02915
NZ_CP009257.1
542440
543309

870
2


IX87_RS02985
NZ_CP009257.1
558048
558965
+
918
2


IX87_RS03030
NZ_CP009257.1
564641
566320

1680
2


IX87_RS03075
NZ_CP009257.1
573542
574447
+
906
2


IX87_RS03180
NZ_CP009257.1
591475
592434

960
2


IX87_RS03190
NZ_CP009257.1
596061
597707
+
1647
2


IX87_RS03195
NZ_CP009257.1
597764
598219

456
2


IX87_RS03215
NZ_CP009257.1
600250
601485

1236
2


IX87_RS03255
NZ_CP009257.1
608876
609097

222
2


IX87_RS03260
NZ_CP009257.1
609185
609466

282
2


IX87_RS03495
NZ_CP009257.1
666641
667678

1038
2


IX87_RS03510
NZ_CP009257.1
670023
670838
+
816
2


IX87_RS03615
NZ_CP009257.1
691197
691802

606
2


IX87_RS03770
NZ_CP009257.1
724271
725449

1179
2


IX87_RS03780
NZ_CP009257.1
725947
726594

648
2


IX87_RS03785
NZ_CP009257.1
726767
727618
+
852
2


IX87_RS03790
NZ_CP009257.1
727621
728574

954
2


IX87_RS03795
NZ_CP009257.1
728582
729184

603
2


IX87_RS03880
NZ_CP009257.1
750406
750807
+
402
2


IX87_RS03930
NZ_CP009257.1
757712
758248
+
537
2


IX87_RS03935
NZ_CP009257.1
758288
761893

3606
2


IX87_RS04015
NZ_CP009257.1
777353
778264

912
2


IX87_RS04085
NZ_CP009257.1
795801
796499
+
699
2


IX87_RS04145
NZ_CP009257.1
806112
806753

642
2


IX87_RS04160
NZ_CP009257.1
810259
811119

861
2


IX87_RS04210
NZ_CP009257.1
819961
821151

1191
2


IX87_RS04215
NZ_CP009257.1
821148
823289

2142
2


IX87_RS04325
NZ_CP009257.1
841072
841617

546
2


IX87_RS04330
NZ_CP009257.1
841655
842044

390
2


IX87_RS04385
NZ_CP009257.1
848948
849355

408
2


IX87_RS04390
NZ_CP009257.1
849383
849784

402
2


IX87_RS04445
NZ_CP009257.1
860567
861526

960
2


IX87_RS04475
NZ_CP009257.1
867303
868661
+
1359
2


IX87_RS04510
NZ_CP009257.1
877140
877358

219
2


IX87_RS04655
NZ_CP009257.1
911427
912071
+
645
2


IX87_RS04660
NZ_CP009257.1
912186
912680
+
495
2


IX87_RS04820
NZ_CP009257.1
939842
940483

642
2


IX87_RS05060
NZ_CP009257.1
969146
970105
+
960
2


IX87_RS05070
NZ_CP009257.1
971025
972548
+
1524
2


IX87_RS05080
NZ_CP009257.1
973547
974560

1014
2


IX87_RS05160
NZ_CP009257.1
992666
993505
+
840
2


IX87_RS05225
NZ_CP009257.1
1006834
1007589

756
2


IX87_RS05235
NZ_CP009257.1
1008410
1009018

609
2


IX87_RS05245
NZ_CP009257.1
1010733
1012280
+
1548
2


IX87_RS05330
NZ_CP009257.1
1027670
1029001
+
1332
2


IX87_RS05590
NZ_CP009257.1
1085949
1086350
+
402
2


IX87_RS05595
NZ_CP009257.1
1086405
1086656

252
2


IX87_RS05985
NZ_CP009257.1
1143190
1143459
+
270
2


IX87_RS05990
NZ_CP009257.1
1143465
1144727

1263
2


IX87_RS06190
NZ_CP009257.1
1188167
1190323

2157
2


IX87_RS06210
NZ_CP009257.1
1192083
1192553

471
2


IX87_RS06260
NZ_CP009257.1
1202008
1202691

684
2


IX87_RS06325
NZ_CP009257.1
1217563
1218999
+
1437
2


IX87_RS06395
NZ_CP009257.1
1231842
1232720
+
879
2


IX87_RS06435
NZ_CP009257.1
1237552
1237953

402
2


IX87_RS06440
NZ_CP009257.1
1238209
1239408
+
1200
2


IX87_RS06445
NZ_CP009257.1
1239434
1240417

984
2


IX87_RS06450
NZ_CP009257.1
1240556
1240990

435
2


IX87_RS06535
NZ_CP009257.1
1265843
1266223

381
2


IX87_RS06600
NZ_CP009257.1
1278974
1279477
+
504
2


IX87_RS06790
NZ_CP009257.1
1320816
1321382

567
2


IX87_RS06895
NZ_CP009257.1
1342847
1345345

2499
2


IX87_RS06915
NZ_CP009257.1
1347316
1347852

537
2


IX87_RS06960
NZ_CP009257.1
1352232
1353134
+
903
2


IX87_RS06995
NZ_CP009257.1
1359106
1359468

363
2


IX87_RS07005
NZ_CP009257.1
1360399
1360998

600
2


IX87_RS07025
NZ_CP009257.1
1363409
1364806

1398
2


IX87_RS07040
NZ_CP009257.1
1368068
1368985
+
918
2


IX87_RS07145
NZ_CP009257.1
1393003
1394106
+
1104
2


IX87_RS07150
NZ_CP009257.1
1394109
1395119

1011
2


IX87_RS07445
NZ_CP009257.1
1452098
1455277
+
3180
2


IX87_RS07450
NZ_CP009257.1
1455290
1456738
+
1449
2


IX87_RS22825
NZ_CP009257.1
1458093
1458248
+
156
2


IX87_RS07760
NZ_CP009257.1
1503961
1504413
+
453
2


IX87_RS07775
NZ_CP009257.1
1505584
1506408

825
2


IX87_RS07780
NZ_CP009257.1
1506507
1506992

486
2


IX87_RS07905
NZ_CP009257.1
1534603
1535046
+
444
2


IX87_RS07985
NZ_CP009257.1
1551863
1556662

4800
2


IX87_RS08020
NZ_CP009257.1
1560231
1560555

325
2


IX87_RS08380
NZ_CP009257.1
1613576
1614370

795
2


IX87_RS08395
NZ_CP009257.1
1617116
1618285

1170
2


IX87_RS08430
NZ_CP009257.1
1624698
1625567

870
2


IX87_RS08525
NZ_CP009257.1
1649867
1650292

426
2


IX87_RS08815
NZ_CP009257.1
1716708
1717868
+
1161
2


IX87_RS08905
NZ_CP009257.1
1739381
1740082
+
702
2


IX87_RS08955
NZ_CP009257.1
1750012
1750959

948
2


IX87_RS09010
NZ_CP009257.1
1759990
1760469

480
2


IX87_RS09055
NZ_CP009257.1
1765994
1766368

375
2


IX87_RS09410
NZ_CP009257.1
1837533
1839179
+
1647
2


IX87_RS09435
NZ_CP009257.1
1845497
1846120
+
624
2


IX87_RS09470
NZ_CP009257.1
1853098
1854072

975
2


IX87_RS09475
NZ_CP009257.1
1854069
1855136

1068
2


IX87_RS09480
NZ_CP009257.1
1855241
1855633

393
2


IX87_RS09500
NZ_CP009257.1
1860582
1861148

567
2


IX87_RS09610
NZ_CP009257.1
1881184
1881759

576
2


IX87_RS09620
NZ_CP009257.1
1885191
1886333
+
1143
2


IX87_RS09630
NZ_CP009257.1
1887447
1887821
+
375
2


IX87_RS09780
NZ_CP009257.1
1926810
1927139

330
2


IX87_RS09955
NZ_CP009257.1
1979314
1979694
+
381
2


IX87_RS10075
NZ_CP009257.1
2004693
2005598

906
2


IX87_RS10105
NZ_CP009257.1
2010990
2012639

1650
2


IX87_RS10485
NZ_CP009257.1
2075134
2075694

561
2


IX87_RS10660
NZ_CP009257.1
2106516
2106659
+
144
2


IX87_RS10700
NZ_CP009257.1
2116898
2117497
+
600
2


IX87_RS10755
NZ_CP009257.1
2128390
2129313

924
2


IX87_RS10815
NZ_CP009257.1
2141936
2143141
+
1206
2


IX87_RS10870
NZ_CP009257.1
2153982
2155100

1119
2


IX87_RS10905
NZ_CP009257.1
2161611
2162327

717
2


IX87_RS10990
NZ_CP009257.1
2178732
2179727

996
2


IX87_RS11070
NZ_CP009257.1
2196933
2197316

384
2


IX87_RS11265
NZ_CP009257.1
2235634
2236353
+
720
2


IX87_RS11285
NZ_CP009257.1
2238879
2239181
+
303
2


IX87_RS11405
NZ_CP009257.1
2262144
2262515
+
372
2


IX87_RS11460
NZ_CP009257.1
2269468
2271408

1941
2


IX87_RS11465
NZ_CP009257.1
2271427
2272263

837
2


IX87_RS11725
NZ_CP009257.1
2323572
2324744
+
1173
2


IX87_RS12040
NZ_CP009257.1
2376434
2377081

648
2


IX87_RS12050
NZ_CP009257.1
2377660
2378760

1101
2


IX87_RS12055
NZ_CP009257.1
2378893
2379690

798
2


IX87_RS12120
NZ_CP009257.1
2390392
2391747

1356
2


IX87_RS12125
NZ_CP009257.1
2391783
2392091

309
2


IX87_RS12230
NZ_CP009257.1
2415461
2415826

366
2


IX87_RS12235
NZ_CP009257.1
2416051
2416638
+
588
2


IX87_RS12295
NZ_CP009257.1
2426364
2427269

906
2


IX87_RS12355
NZ_CP009257.1
2438494
2439054

561
2


IX87_RS12425
NZ_CP009257.1
2450771
2451658

888
2


IX87_RS12530
NZ_CP009257.1
2474830
2475852

1023
2


IX87_RS12570
NZ_CP009257.1
2485718
2486050

333
2


IX87_RS12660
NZ_CP009257.1
2503088
2503414

327
2


IX87_RS12810
NZ_CP009257.1
2530734
2531372

639
2


IX87_RS12815
NZ_CP009257.1
2531482
2532486
+
1005
2


IX87_RS12960
NZ_CP009257.1
2556489
2556707
+
219
2


IX87_RS12990
NZ_CP009257.1
2561226
2562227
+
1002
2


IX87_RS13010
NZ_CP009257.1
2564546
2565466

921
2


IX87_RS13130
NZ_CP009257.1
2591825
2592520
+
696
2


IX87_RS13165
NZ_CP009257.1
2597488
2597841

354
2


IX87_RS13250
NZ_CP009257.1
2620141
2620554

414
2


IX87_RS13275
NZ_CP009257.1
2625141
2625848

708
2


IX87_RS13355
NZ_CP009257.1
2642067'
2642339

273
2


IX87_RS13420
NZ_CP009257.1
2658176
2658388
+
213
2


IX87_RS13530
NZ_CP009257.1
2679072
2680229

1158
2


IX87_RS13535
NZ_CP009257.1
2680429
2681439
+
1011
2


IX87_RS13560
NZ_CP009257.1
2686163
2686519

357
2


IX87_RS13570
NZ_CP009257.1
2686998
2687317
+
320
2


IX87_RS13670
NZ_CP009257.1
2710800
2711243
+
444
2


IX87_RS13880
NZ_CP009257.1
2755728
2756186

459
2


IX87_RS13905
NZ_CP009257.1
2759219
2759755
+
537
2


IX87_RS13910
NZ_CP009257.1
2759765
2760010
+
246
2


IX87_RS13940
NZ_CP009257.1
2764567
2765370
+
804
2


IX87_RS14105
NZ_CP009257.1
2804249
2805253

1005
2


IX87_RS14280
NZ_CP009257.1
2838473
2839378

906
2


IX87_RS14300
NZ_CP009257.1
2843591
2844519

929
2


IX87_RS14355
NZ_CP009257.1
2854472
2854798
+
327
2


IX87_RS14390
NZ_CP009257.1
2861851
2862417
+
567
2


IX87_RS14415
NZ_CP009257.1
2866143
2867126

984
2


IX87_RS14430
NZ_CP009257.1
2869976
2870296

321
2


IX87_RS14685
NZ_CP009257.1
2927022
2927597
+
576
2


IX87_RS14705
NZ_CP009257.1
2931641
2932870
+
1230
2


IX87_RS14720
NZ_CP009257.1
2935284
2935949
+
666
2


IX87_RS14740
NZ_CP009257.1
2939054
2940199
+
1146
2


IX87_RS14820
NZ_CP009257.1
2957391
2957807

417
2


IX87_RS14865
NZ_CP009257.1
2972393
2973667
+
1275
2


IX87_RS14875
NZ_CP009257.1
2975648
2976340
+
693
2


IX87_RS14920
NZ_CP009257.1
2980543
2980980
+
438
2


IX87_RS15070
NZ_CP009257.1
3007654
3008868

1215
2


IX87_RS15120
NZ_CP009257.1
3017633
3018847

1215
2


IX87_RS15175
NZ_CP009257.1
3028815
3029300

486
2


IX87_RS15180
NZ_CP009257.1
3029382
3029786
+
405
2


IX87_RS15230
NZ_CP009257.1
3039800
3040405

606
2


IX87_RS15245
NZ_CP009257.1
3042927
3043571
+
645
2


IX87_RS15295
NZ_CP009257.1
3054124
3054951
+
828
2


IX87_RS15305
NZ_CP009257.1
3055888
3056664

777
2


IX87_RS15535
NZ_CP009257.1
3102339
3103478
+
1140
2


IX87_RS15805
NZ_CP009257.1
3155919
3156773
+
855
2


IX87_RS15930
NZ_CP009257.1
3179906
3180307
+
402
2


IX87_RS16025
NZ_CP009257.1
3206094
3207845
+
1752
2


IX87_RS16030
NZ_CP009257.1
3208562
3209860

1299
2


IX87_RS16110
NZ_CP009257.1
3227249
3227506
+
258
2


IX87_RS16205
NZ_CP009257.1
3244577
3245731
+
1155
2


IX87_RS16210
NZ_CP009257.1
3245783
3246538

756
2


IX87_RS16315
NZ_CP009257.1
3269023
3269271

249
2


IX87_RS16560
NZ_CP009257.1
3314155
3314664

510
2


IX87_RS16615
NZ_CP009257.1
3324800
3325675
+
876
2


IX87_RS17015
NZ_CP009257.1
3416053
3416874

822
2


IX87_RS17260
NZ_CP009257.1
3468422
3468859

438
2


IX87_RS17445
NZ_CP009257.1
3506503
3507231
+
729
2


IX87_RS17460
NZ_CP009257.1
3508737
3509216
+
480
2


IX87_RS17500
NZ_CP009257.1
3513881
3515056
+
1176
2


IX87_RS17535
NZ_CP009257.1
3523126
3524055

930
2


IX87_RS17545
NZ_CP009257.1
3525074
3526384

1311
2


IX87_RS17675
NZ_CP009257.1
3556022
3556156

135
2


IX87_RS17685
NZ_CP009257.1
3559377
3559583
+
207
2


IX87_RS17845
NZ_CP009257.1
3587515
3588714

1200
2


IX87_RS17940
NZ_CP009257.1
3610367'
3611290

924
2


IX87_RS18015
NZ_CP009257.1
3628296
3629147

852
2


IX87_RS18205
NZ_CP009257.1
3659788
3660339
+
552
2


IX87_RS18490
NZ_CP009257.1
3703101
3703523

423
2


IX87_RS18695
NZ_CP009257.1
3748691
3749155
+
465
2


IX87_RS18765
NZ_CP009257.1
3767339
3767965
+
627
2


IX87_RS18770
NZ_CP009257.1
3767953
3768471
+
519
2


IX87_RS18790
NZ_CP009257.1
3771920
3772663
+
744
2


IX87_RS18800
NZ_CP009257.1
3773945
3774832

888
2


IX87_RS18815
NZ_CP009257.1
3776813
3777040

228
2


IX87_RS18860
NZ_CP009257.1
3787422
3787883
+
462
2


IX87_RS19060
NZ_CP009257.1
3821843
3822754

912
2


IX87_RS19075
NZ_CP009257.1
3824992
3826647
+
1656
2


IX87_RS19140
NZ_CP009257.1
3838523
3839362
+
840
2


IX87_RS19260
NZ_CP009257.1
3862694
3863680
+
987
2


IX87_RS19295
NZ_CP009257.1
3870370
3871428

1059
2


IX87_RS19305
NZ_CP009257.1
3872918
3873409

492
2


IX87_RS19315
NZ_CP009257.1
3875050
3875400
+
351
2


IX87_RS19330
NZ_CP009257.1
3877071
3877691
+
621
2


IX87_RS19415
NZ_CP009257.1
3898826
3899062
+
237
2


IX87_RS19430
NZ_CP009257.1
3901817
3902284
+
468
2


IX87_RS19900
NZ_CP009257.1
3997189
3997629
+
441
2


IX87_RS19920
NZ_CP009257.1
4000571
4001809

1239
2


IX87_RS19950
NZ_CP009257.1
4008136
4009488

1353
2


IX87_RS19965
NZ_CP009257.1
4011937
4012821

885
2


IX87_RS19985
NZ_CP009257.1
4015182
4015946

765
2


IX87_RS20000
NZ_CP009257.1
4018405
4019457

1053
2


IX87_RS20335
NZ_CP009257.1
4084321
4085100
+
780
2


IX87_RS20370
NZ_CP009257.1
4093669
4094406

738
2


IX87_RS20380
NZ_CP009257.1
4094913
4096190

1278
2


IX87_RS20485
NZ_CP009257.1
4117322
4118149

828
2


IX87_RS20570
NZ_CP009257.1
4133800
4134597
+
798
2


IX87_RS20690
NZ_CP009257.1
4162078
4162686
+
609
2


IX87_RS20735
NZ_CP009257.1
4168206
4168877

672
2


IX87_RS20785
NZ_CP009257.1
4175596
4175919

324
2


IX87_RS20815
NZ_CP009257.1
4180715
4181170

456
2


IX87_RS21130
NZ_CP009257.1
4233621
4234250
+
630
2


IX87_RS21155
NZ_CP009257.1
4239278
4240024

747
2


IX87_RS21360
NZ_CP009257.1
4276404
4276754
+
351
2


IX87_RS21375
NZ_CP009257.1
4277392
4278243

852
2


IX87_RS21420
NZ_CP009257.1
4287087
4287716

630
2


IX87_RS21485
NZ_CP009257.1
4299933
4300943
+
1011
2


IX87_RS21515
NZ_CP009257.1
4305821
4306984

1164
2


IX87_RS00070
NZ_CP009257.1
6580
7008

429
1


IX87_RS00950
NZ_CP009257.1
176584
177474

891
1


IX87_RS01580
NZ_CP009257.1
292739
293251

513
1


IX87_RS01890
NZ_CP009257.1
355224
361472

6249
1


IX87_RS02215
NZ_CP009257.1
408790
409170

381
1


IX87_RS02220
NZ_CP009257.1
409160
409714

555
1


IX87_RS02530
NZ_CP009257.1
467021
467761
+
741
1


IX87_RS02570
NZ_CP009257.1
476340
476777

438
1


IX87_RS02870
NZ_CP009257.1
533277
533438

162
1


IX87_RS02900
NZ_CP009257.1
539282
540751
+
1470
1


IX87_RS22760
NZ_CP009257.1
556299
556433
+
135
1


IX87_RS03750
NZ_CP009257.1
720754
721041

288
1


IX87_RS03885
NZ_CP009257.1
750903
751847
+
945
1


IX87_RS22795
NZ_CP009257.1
756062
756187

126
1


IX87_RS04345
NZ_CP009257.1
843468
843701

234
1


IX87_RS04715
NZ_CP009257.1
925346
925750

405
1


IX87_RS04720
NZ_CP009257.1
925843
926025

183
1


IX87_RS05140
NZ_CP009257.1
988872
989816
+
945
1


IX87_RS05145
NZ_CP009257.1
989858
990550

693
1


IX87_RS22030
NZ_CP009257.1
1012406
1012627
+
222
1


IX87_RS05825
NZ_CP009257.1
1123748
1124176

429
1


IX87_RS06265
NZ_CP009257.1
1202701
1203462

762
1


IX87_RS06360
NZ_CP009257.1
1225686
1225904

219
1


IX87_RS06990
NZ_CP009257.1
1358472
1358942

471
1


IX87_RS08025
NZ_CP009257.1
1560840
1561244

405
1


IX87_RS08030
NZ_CP009257.1
1561337
1561519

183
1


IX87_RS08895
NZ_CP009257.1
1736769
1737905

1137
1


IX87_RS09125
NZ_CP009257.1
1779926
1780987
+
1062
1


IX87_RS09225
NZ_CP009257.1
1800320
1800727
+
408
1


IX87_RS09960
NZ_CP009257.1
1979744
1980217

474
1


IX87_RS10785
NZ_CP009257.1
2134547
2134900

354
1


IX87_RS11050
NZ_CP009257.1
2191874
2192254
+
381
1


IX87_RS11715
NZ_CP009257.1
2322731
2323120

390
1


IX87_RS11875
NZ_CP009257.1
2340277
2341005

729
1


IX87_RS12305
NZ_CP009257.1
2428572
2429513
+
942
1


IX87_RS12545
NZ_CP009257.1
2479450
2479782

333
1


IX87_RS12645
NZ_CP009257.1
2497265
2500423

3159
1


IX87_RS12785
NZ_CP009257.1
2527485
2527796

312
1


IX87_RS12790
NZ_CP009257.1
2527803
2528192

390
1


IX87_RS13510
NZ_CP009257.1
2675956
2676459
+
504
1


IX87_RS13540
NZ_CP009257.1
2681415
2681939
+
525
1


IX87_RS14000
NZ_CP009257.1
2780047
2780937
+
891
1


IX87_RS14540
NZ_CP009257.1
2892269
2893309
+
1041
1


IX87_RS15090
NZ_CP009257.1
3011693
3012823

1131
1


IX87_RS15395
NZ_CP009257.1
3073910
3074341

432
1


IX87_RS15450
NZ_CP009257.1
3084892
3085155
+
264
1


IX87_RS16090
NZ_CP009257.1
3223840
3224184
+
345
1


IX87_RS16095
NZ_CP009257.1
3224329
3224667
+
339
1


IX87_RS16165
NZ_CP009257.1
3236746
3237126
+
381
1


IX87_RS16245
NZ_CP009257.1
3255035
3255709
+
675
1


IX87_RS16340
NZ_CP009257.1
3273468
3273875

408
1


IX87_RS16345
NZ_CP009257.1
3274044
3274412
+
369
1


IX87_RS16350
NZ_CP009257.1
3274464
3274685

222
1


IX87_RS17405
NZ_CP009257.1
3498499
3499290
+
792
1


IX87_RS18780
NZ_CP009257.1
3769521
3770120
+
600
1


IX87_RS19485
NZ_CP009257.1
3913207
3913581

375
1


IX87_RS19525
NZ_CP009257.1
3920445
3920819

375
1


IX87_RS19705
NZ_CP009257.1
3956110
3956868

759
1


IX87_RS20330
NZ_CP009257.1
4083096
4084310
+
1215
1


IX87_RS20520
NZ_CP009257.1
4123565
4124776

1212
1


IX87_RS20585
NZ_CP009257.1
4136520
4136927

408
1


IX87_RS22670
NZ_CP009257.1
4226744
4226836
+
93
1


IX87_RS21185
NZ_CP009257.1
4244367
4244603

237
1


IX87_RS21615
NZ_CP009257.1
4323255
4327616

4362
1









Example 13

RNA Sequencing to Identify Bacterial Resistance in Humans with Sepsis


Attached are the bacterial resistance genes identified in one patient with COVID-19. Resistance Gene.



















ARO







Ontology

# of

Antibiotic



ID
Mutation
Reads
Primary Species
Resistance





















Nucleotide
3002618
aadA21
2
n/a
n/a


Protein
3001028
TEM-162
2
n/a
n/a


Homolog
3002884
iri
2
n/a
n/a



3001037
TEM-171
2
n/a
n/a



3000976
TEM-113
2
n/a
n/a



3000167
tet(C)
2
n/a
n/a



3000833
evgS
2
n/a
n/a



3003548
mdtN
2
n/a
n/a



3001023
TEM-157
2
n/a
n/a



3002621
aadA24
2
n/a
n/a



3002620
aadA23
4
n/a
n/a



3000979
TEM-116
4
n/a
n/a



3002655
APH(4)-Ia
4
n/a
n/a



3002641
APH(3′)-Ia
4
n/a
n/a



3002601
aadA
4
n/a
n/a



3002619
aadA22
4
n/a
n/a



3004089
AND(3″)-IIa
4
n/a
n/a



3001044
TEM-181
4
n/a
n/a



3005036
BLMT
4
n/a
n/a



3000805
OprN
6
n/a
n/a



3002644
APH(3′)-IIa
8
n/a
n/a


Nucleotide
3004114
porin
2
n/a
n/a


Protein

OmpC


Knockout


Nucleotide
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a


Protein


Over-


expression


Nucleotide
3003817
DNA gyrase
2

Acinetobacter

Fluoroquinolones


Protein
3003974
DNA gyrase
2

Cutibacterium

Fluoroquinolones


Variant


Nucleotide
3005083
23s rRNA
2

Thermus

Pleuromutilins


rRNA




Thermophilus




3004170
23s rRNA
4

Streptococcus

Macrolides



3003372
16S rRNA
4

Escherichia

Spectinomycin




(rrsH)



3003512
16S rRNA
6

Salmonella

Spectinomycin




(rrsD)



3004836
23S rRNA
6

Neisseria

Azithromycin



3004181
23S rRNA
8

Streptococcus

Macrolides,







streptogramins



3003493
16S rRNA
10

Pasteurella

Spectinomycin



3004058
23S rRNA
14

Staphylococcus

Linezolid



3004131
23S rRNA
16

Escherichia

Macrolides



3004149
23S rRNA
16

Escherichia

Clindamycin



3004160
23S rRNA
16

Escherichia

Clarithromycin



3004173
23S rRNA
16

Escherichia

Oxazolidinone



3004150
23s rRNA
16

Escherichia

Chloramphenicol



3003495
16S rRNA
24

Neisseria

Spectinomycin



3003499
16S rRNA
24

Cutibacterium

Tetracyclines



3004138
23S rRNA
48

Moraxella

Macrolides



3004161
23S rRNA
58

Propionibacteria

Macrolides



3003480
16S rRNA
98

Mycobacterium

Streptomycin



3004853
16S rRNA
98

Mycobacterium

Capreomycin



3003436
16S rRNA
98

Mycobacterium

Kanamycin



3003437
16S rRNA
98

Mycobacterium

Viomycin



3003481
16S rRNA
98

Mycobacterium

Amikacin



3004171
23S rRNA
284

Streptomyces

Macrolides



3003540
16S rRNA
332

Mycolicibacterium

Hygromycin B




(rrsB)



3003497
16S rRNA
436

Neisseria

Spectinomycin



3003514
16S rRNA
450

Mycobacteroides

Amikacin



3003515
16S rRNA
450

Mycobacteroides

Kanamycin A



3003516
16S rRNA
450

Mycobacteroides

Tobramycin



3003517
16S rRNA
450

Mycobacteroides

Gentamicin C



3003518
16S rRNA
450

Mycobacteroides

Neomycin



3003541
16S rRNA
452

Mycolicibacterium

Streptomycin




(rrsB)



3003542
16S rRNA
452

Mycolicibacterium

Kanamycin A




(rrsB)



3003545
16S rRNA
452

Mycolicibacterium

Neomycin




(rrsB)



3003547
16S rRNA
452

Mycolicibacterium

Viomycin




(rrsB)



3003539
16S rRNA
466

Mycolicibacterium

Hygromycin B




(rrsA)



3003543
16S rRNA
466

Mycolicibacterium

Kanamycin A




(rrsA)



3003544
16S rRNA
466

Mycolicibacterium

Neomycin




(rrsA)



3003546
16S rRNA
466

Mycolicibacterium

Viomycin




(rrsA)



3004164
23S rRNA
580

Mycobacterium

Clarithromycin







avium




3004166
23S rRNA
608

Mycobacterium

Clarithromycin







intracellulare




3004167
23S rRNA
608

Mycobacterium

Azithromycin







intracellulare




3003236
16S rRNA
770

Mycobacteroides

Kanamycin



3003237
16S rRNA
770

Mycobacteroides

Tobramycin



3003238
16S rRNA
770

Mycobacteroides

Neomycin



3003239
16S rRNA
770

Mycobacteroides

Amikacin



3003240
16S rRNA
770

Mycobacteroides

Gentamicin



3004937
23S rRNA
838

Mycobacterium

Capreomycin



3004168
23S rRNA
960

Mycobacterium

Clarithromycin



3004165
23S rRNA
1278

Mycobacteroides

Clarithromycin







chelonae




3004169
23S rRNA
1410

Mycolicibacterium

Clarithromycin



3004163
23S rRNA
1724

Mycobacteroides

Clarithromycin







abscessus










Example 14

Deep RNA Sequencing of Intensive Care Unit Patients with COVID-19


Purpose: COVID-19 has impacted millions of patients across the world. Molecular testing occurring now identifies the presence of the virus at the sampling site: nasopharynx, nares, or oral cavity. RNA sequencing has the potential to establish both the presence of the virus and define the host's response in COVID-19.


Methods: Single center, prospective study of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit where deep RNA sequencing (>100 million reads) of peripheral blood with computational biology analysis was done. All patients had positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Clinical data was prospectively collected.


Results: The inventors enrolled fifteen patients at a single hospital. Patients were critically ill with a mortality of 47% and 67% were on a ventilator. All the patients had the SARS-CoV-2 RNA identified in the blood in addition to RNA from other viruses, bacteria, and archaea. The expression of many immune modulating genes, including PD-L1 and PD-L2, were significantly different in patients who died from COVID-19. Some proteins were influenced by alternative transcription and splicing events, as seen in HLA-C, HLA-E. NRP1 and NRP2. Entropy calculated from alternative RNA splicing and transcription start/end predicted mortality in these patients.


Conclusions: Current upper respiratory tract testing for COVID-19 only determines if the virus is present. Deep RNA sequencing with appropriate computational biology may provide important prognostic information and point to therapeutic foci to be precisely targeted in future studies.


Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to millions of cases worldwide. Dong, Du, & Gardner, The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020). Current testing is by polymerase chain reaction to detect viral RNA in the nares. Sethuraman, Jeremiah, & Ryo, JAMA (2020). This provides no insight into the host response. Patients with COVID-19 that require intensive care unit (ICU) care are sick and difficult to manage, thus, there is a need for other diagnostic tests during the hospital stay to assist the clinicians.


Deep RNA sequencing refers to a process of sequencing where (at least) 100 million reads of sequence are generated per sample. Deep sequencing allows for the study of low abundance RNA and biologic processes beyond gene expression. Typically. RNA sequencing data is aligned to the genome of interest, such as aligning to human genes when the sample comes from a human. Reads that do not align to the genome of interest are usually discarded. When the RNA sequencing is performed with this large number of reads, it could be used to identify the presence of specific pathogens in the blood by aligning the reads that would have been discarded to other genomes of interest. In COVID-19, sequencing reads of SARS-CoV-2 may provide insight into the biology of the virus during active illness. In addition, secondary infections could be identified, potentially allowing for better, pathogen-directed antibiotic treatment.


The host response to the virus is responsible for some of the morbidity and mortality observed. Bouadma et al., Journal of Clinical Immunology, 1-11 (2020). Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most common complication encountered with COVID-19. Bouadma et al., Journal of Clinical Immunology, 1-11 (2020). The laboratory has shown that there are significant changes in alternative RNA splicing and transcription start and end in ARDS as assessed by deep RNA sequencing. Fredericks et al., Intensive Care Medicine (2020). These changes are thought to be due to the physiology of ARDS, e.g., hypoxia and acidosis, which are known to influence splicing. Whether this occurs in patients infected by COVID-19 is not known.


While RNA sequencing can be used to measure immune modulating gene expression, an alternative approach is the evaluation of global entropy, or disorder in the processing of RNA. Sterne-Weiler et al., Molecular Cell 72, 187-200.e186 (2018). The inventors found that this entropy metric combined with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be leveraged to distinguish COVID-19 patients that develop life-threatening illness from those likely to recover.


Here the inventors examine deep RNA sequencing data from patients in the ICU with COVID-19 to characterize both pathogens and host responses. The inventors evaluate the sequences for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and other potential infectious agents. The host response to COVID-19 is also characterized. The long-term goal is to combine these measurements to better assist clinical decision-making.


Study design, Population and Setting: The study enrolled ICU participants at a single tertiary care hospital evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on positive PCR from the nasopharynx documented during admission. All participants, or their appropriate surrogate, provided informed consent as approved by the Institutional Review Board (Approval #: 411616). Blood samples were collected on day 0 of ICU admission. Clinical data including COVID specific therapies was collected prospectively from the electronic medical record and participants were followed until hospital discharge or death. Ordinal scale was collected as previously described by Beigel et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2020). See also sepsis and associated SOFA score. Singer et al., The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3). JAMA, 315, 801-810 (2016). Also, with the diagnosis of ARDS. Ferguson et al., The Berlin definition of ARDS: An expanded rationale, justification, and supplementary material. Intensive Care Medicine, 38, 1573-1582 (2012).


RNA extraction and sequencing. Whole blood was collected in PAXgene tubes (Qiagen, Germantown, Md., USA) and sent to Genewiz (South Plainfield, N.J., USA) for RNA extraction, ribosomal RNA depletion and sequencing. Sequencing was done on Illumina HiSeq machines to provide 150 base pair, paired-end reads. Libraries were prepared to have three samples per lane. Each lane provided 350 million reads ensuring each sample had >100 million reads. Raw data was returned on password protected external hard drives to ensure the security of the genomic data.


Computational Bioloqy and Statistical Analysis. All computational analysis was done blinded to the clinical data. The data was assessed for quality control using FastQC. See Andrews, A quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. FastQC. In: Editor{circumflex over ( )}Book A quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. FastQC (2014). RNA sequencing data was aligned to the human genome utilizing the STAR aligner. Dobin et al., Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 29: 15-21 (2013). Reads that aligned to the human genome were separated and are now referred to as ‘mapped’ reads. Reads that did not align to the human genome, which are typically discarded during standard RNA sequencing analysis, were identified as ‘unmapped’ reads. The unmapped reads then aligned to the SARS-CoV-2 genome (NC_045512) and counted per sample using Magic-BLAST. Boratyn et al., BMC Bioinformatics, 20, 405 (2019). A coverage map of the SARS-CoV-2 genome was generated using al the subjects to identify the gene expression patterns of the virus in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The unmapped reads were further analyzed with Kraken2 using the PlusPFP index to identify other bacterial, fungal, archaeal, and viral pathogens. See Wood, Lu, & Langmead, Genome Biology, 20, 257 (2019).


Reads that aligned to the human genome, the mapped reads, also underwent analysis for gene expression, alternative RNA splicing, and alternative transcription start/end via Whippet. Sterne-Weiler et al., Molecular Cell 72, 187-200.e186 (2018). When comparisons were made between groups (died vs. survived) differential gene expression was set with thresholds of both p<0.05 and +/−1.5 log2 fold change. Alternative splicing was defined as core exon, alternative acceptor splice site, alternative donor splice site, retained intron, alternative first exon and alternative last exon. Alternative transcription start/end events were defined as tandem transcription start site and tandem alternative polyadenylation site. Alternative RNA splicing and alternative transcription start/end events were also compared between groups. Sterne-Weiler et al., Molecular Cell 72, 187-200.e186 (2018). Significance was set at great than 2 log 2 fold change as previously described by Fredericks et al., Intensive Care Medicine (2020). Genes identified from the analysis of mapped reads were then evaluated by GO enrichment analysis (PANTHER Overrepresentation released 20200728). See Mi, Muruganujan, Casagrande, & Thomas. Nature Protocols. 8, 1551-1566 (2013).


Whippet was also used to generate an entropy value for every identified alternative splicing and transcription event of each gene. These entropy values are created without the need for groups used in the gene expression analysis. To visualize this data a principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to reduce the dimensionality of the dataset and to obtain an unsupervised overview of trends in entropy values among the samples. Raw entropy values from all samples were concatenated into one matrix and missing values were replaced with column means. Mortality was then overlaid onto the PCA plot to assess the ability of these raw entropy values to predict this outcome in this sample set. This analysis was done in R (version 3.6.3).


Study Population. Participant Characteristics, and RNA sequencing: Fifteen participants were enrolled and had blood samples drawn on the first day of their ICU stay. Clinical and demographic data is reported in TABLE 1. Most participants were male (73%). There was a diverse distribution in terms of race (60% not white) and ethnicity (60% Hispanic). The most common co-morbidity was hypertension, and the median BMI was almost 30. Forty percent of participants had ARDS at the time the samples was drawn, and the patients were distributed across the top of the ordinal scale with a score of 5 as the most common in 53% of the patients. Most participants required a ventilator (67%) and 20% progressed to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 27% required renal replacement. The median length of hospital stay was 22 days with a mortality rate of 47%.


All samples had sufficient RNA and RNA integrity numbers (RIN) were adequate. See Fleige & Pfaffl, Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 27, 126-139 (2006). The median of sequencing was 125,687,784 reads (95% Cl 122,164,763 to 135,800,242) and greater than 90% of those reads were more than thirty bases. After using FastQC, all samples had mean quality scores over 30. The reads mapped to the human genome 62-66% of the time.


Identification of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens: Among the fifteen participant samples all participants had SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected. There was a total of 676 reads that align to the SARS-CoV-2 genome with each patient having between 18 and 98 reads. See FIG. 4. Most of the reads corresponded to the RNA dependent RNA polymerase and N protein genes. RNA from other pathogens including bacteria, viruses and archaea were identified in the blood of all patients. See TABLE 2. Two participants had fungal RNA identified. Despite alignment to a robust database of organisms, each participant still had hundreds of thousands of unclassified reads. TABLE 2. The taxonomy classification of “other sequences” (28384) align to elements of cellular organisms (bacterial, archaea, plant), but do not have enough specificity to identify a single species are listed in TABLE 2. The top bacterial sequences from all patients were from either Acinetobacter baumannii or Chryseobacterium gallinarum. In patients who had the most counts of C. gallinarum, A. baumannii had significantly reduced counts compared to the counts in other patients (148.1 vs. 50905.3, p<0.05). Although sequences corresponding to A. baumannii or C. gallinarum were found in all patients, none of the patients had positive blood cultures drawn around the time of these samples. No counts of bacteria, virus, archaea, (TABLE 2) or specific bacteria correlated with mortality.


Genomic differences between participants who lived and those who died. Among participants who died there were 86 genes that increased in expression and 207 that decreased in expression (top results in TABLE 3. There were 88 significant alternative splicing events occurring in 84 unique genes (Top results TABLE 3) and 2093 alternative transcription events occurring in 1769 unique genes (Top results TABLE 3). ABCA13 was the only gene that had significant expression and alternative splicing events. Twenty-seven genes had significant expression and alternative transcription start/end differences. (TABLE 3) Eighteen genes had significantly different alternative splicing and alternative transcription start/end. (TABLE 3).


The genes that were significant between groups then underwent GO term analysis to assess significant enrichment for a biological process. The top GO terms for gene expression and alternative transcription are listed in TABLE 3. There were no significant GO terms for the genes impacted by alternative splicing.


RNA entropy as a diagnostic tool. From the over 100 million RNA sequencing reads for each participant, computational analysis via Whippet assigns an entropy value for over 380,000 RNA splicing events and alternative transcription start/end events. Principal component analysis was then applied to these >380.000 entropy scores for each of the fifteen participants and the first two principal components were plotted against each other (FIG. 5). The sample points were then labeled based on their survival status. Survival status was not part of the principal component analysis itself. Participants whose PC2 value was above 0.00 had a mortality rate of 75% (6/8), up from the total group mortality of 46% (7/15) and significantly more than the 14% for those who land below that line (1/7, p=0.04).


Discussion. This project used deep RNA sequencing of whole blood from participants in the ICU with COVID-19 as a diagnostic tool. The protocol extracted RNA from the whole blood, as opposed to fractionating the whole blood specimen. Analysis of whole blood increased the breadth of RNA being sequenced, both cell associated and cell-free, and its simplicity for clinical practice. Alternatively, more complicated techniques, such as single cell sequencing may speak more to pathogenesis but adds to the complexity of the protocol and analysis. Despite its isolation from whole blood, the RNA was of high quality. A finding using RNA from whole blood from critically ill participants is that only 62-67% of the reads mapped to the human genome. This is less than the 85-97% of reads that typically map to the reference genome. See Sequencing Quality Control Consortium. Nature Biotechnology, 32, 903-914 (2014). One major drawback is the timing needed for RNA sequencing and analysis. Sequencing machines take ˜eighteen hours to generate data. The analysis can take additional time and is not yet clinically standardized. As technology advances and speed improves, this data can be increasingly accessible in the care of ICU patients.


SARS-CoV-2 RNA was identified in the unmapped reads in all patients (FIG. 1(a)). This supports that detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the serum has been associated with clinical deterioration. Chen et al., Emerging Microbes & Infections, 9, 469-473 (2020). RT-PCR identified the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the blood more often in the ICU patients than in the non-ICU patients. Fang et al., The Journal of Infection (2020). The total number of reads in the dataset did not correlate with any outcomes, including mortality, ARDS, or coagulopathy. The low number of total reads, approximately 700 from nearly two billion from all the samples, explains the lack of success from other researchers identifying the virus in the blood. In early reports. RT-PCR directed at the N protein gene identified viral RNA in the plasma in 15% of patients. Huang et al., Lancet (London, England), 395, 497-506 (2020). The data demonstrate the two most abundant genes in blood were the RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase and the N protein (FIG. 4). With this data, the inventors identified these locations (RNA dependent RNA polymerase or N protein) as potential therapeutic or diagnostic targets. See Gordon et al., A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing.


Other authors have called for robust testing for potential co-infections with SARS-CoV-2. Lai. Wang. & Hsueh, Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection, 53, 505-512 (2020). With deep sequencing and computational analysis, the inventors have identified the RNA from multiple bacteria, viruses, and archaea in all of the specimens, as well as fungal RNA in two participants. This suggests deep RNA sequencing with computational analysis may be a tool for the identification of co-infections. More data is required with comparison to gold standards such as blood culture and pathogen-specific PCR. RNA sequencing has the benefit of being able to identify all pathogens with known genomes, including both RNA and DNA based organisms. Unclassified reads that do not align to any known organism (TABLE 2) or the other sequences that have cellular organism elements (TABLE 2) could provide evidence of pathogens before a genome is sequenced or the pathogen is cultured.


Critically ill COVID-19 patients provide a difficult clinical dilemma as it pertains to antibiotics. In severely ill patients, clinicians are more likely to prescribe antibiotics despite there not being an identified pathogen. Feng et al., American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020). With identification of bacteria known to cause human disease from the RNA sequencing data, appropriate antibiotics could be prescribed to these patients. In this data set, the inventors show that there were significantly more counts of Acinetobacter baumannii in a portion of patients. This bacterium has been associated with COVID-19. Sharifipour et al., BMC Infectious Diseases, 20, 646 (2020). Using a precision medicine approach with these data, patients with significantly elevated levels may potentially be treated with directed antibiotics, in the absence of more time-consuming positive culture data. While there was no difference in survival in participants with versus without identified bacteria in this study, antibiotic use was not standardized or prescribed prospectively based upon the results. Analysis of the unmapped reads aligning to Acinetobacter baumannii (averaging over 50.000 among the six with increased reads) could provide insights into genes that are expressed in critical illness and provide useful diagnostic and therapeutic targets.


The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 has been the focus of much research since the pandemic started. Poland, Ovsyannikova, & Kennedy, Lancet (London, England) (2020). The successful use of corticosteroids in the critically ill with COVID-19 emphasizes the importance of the immune system in this disease. Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19—Preliminary Report. New England Journal of Medicine (2020); Prescott & Rice, JAMA, 324, 1292-1295 (2020). Because a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients do not respond to corticosteroids, there are still calls for a more precise approach. Waterer & Rello, Infectious Diseases and Therapy (2020). PD-1 expression is increased in certain cell populations in patients with COVID-19. Bellesi et al., British Journal of Haematology (2020). But the uses of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients have been associated with more severe COVID-19. Robilotti et al., Nature Medicine 26: 1218-1223 (2020). Other authors suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitors may be useful in COVID-19. Vivarelli et al., Cancers 12 (2020). The data shows that patients who died had increased expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 (FIG. E1, CD274 and PDCD1Lg1, TABLE 3). This suggests that immune checkpoint inhibitors targeted against the PD-1 system might be considered in those patients identified to have increased expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 because of their higher risk of death after ICU admission.


Numerous other immune targets are identified from these genomic changes. N4BP1 is induced by interferon and the interferon response has been implicated in COVID-19. Hadjadj et al., Science (New York, N.Y.), 369, 718-724 (2020); Lei et al., Nature Commun., 11, 3810 (2020). The data supports the role for interferons in COVID-19 as patients who died had 2.5-fold increase in expression of interferon 1 alpha (IFNA1). Clinical features of COVID-19 also correlate with some of the genes identified. OR6C4 is an olfactory gene which the inventors identified has exhibiting a 5 fold increased in expression in patients that died (TABLE 3). This finding suggests that loss of smell may signify milder disease among patients in the ICU. Thrombotic complications are common in COVID-19 patients (9.5%) and patients admitted to the ICU have a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism. Al-Samkari et al., Blood (2020). Patients who died have significant decrease in gene expression and multiple changes in alternative transcription end (TABLE 3) of both NRP1 and NRP2. Both these genes are associated with coagulation. See Rossignol, Gagnon, & Klagsbrun. Genomics 70: 211-222 (2000). The COVID-19 spike protein binds both these receptors. Daly et al., Science (New York, N.Y., 2020). Previous work has shown that there is increased expression in both genes in the lungs of patients with COVID-19 when compared to controls. See Ackermann et al., The New England Journal of Medicine, 383, 120-128 (2020). Here, the decrease NRP1 and NRP2 were seen in ICU patients who died compared to ICU patients who survived.


Many studies have attempted to utilize clinical data to predict mortality in COVID-19. See Tian et al., Journal of Medical Virology (2020);_Zhang et al., Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (JTH), 18, 1324-1329 (2020). Some focus on cytokines. McElvaney et al., EBioMedicine 61, 103026 (2020). For simplicity all these attempt to identify a few variables to predict mortality. Here the inventors utilize over 380,000 variables with PCA to create a figure that improves mortality prediction based upon where the patient is on the graph (FIG. 5, 75% versus 14%). A limitation to this form of analysis is that the PCA cannot identify a specific gene or event most responsible for outcomes; it uses all 380.000 data points. Accurate assessment of prognosis using sequencing technology might be valuable to inform end of life care discussions in the ICU.


Despite the limitations of this single-center study with a small patient number, the inventors were still able to document that deep RNA sequencing and appropriate computational analysis yields valuable insight into the pathogenesis and host response of COVID-19 in critically ill patients. Useful drug targets were identified from SARS-CoV-2 RNA and the host response, including RNA dependent RNA polymerase, the N protein, and the PD-1 immune checkpoint pathway. The presence of pathogen RNA in the blood suggests co-infection should be reconsidered. Most importantly, PCA of the entropy of >380,000 events allowed use to group patients into those likely to die versus those likely to live, and this may be helpful in family discussions with critically ill patients. Translating these results to clinical practice can improve the diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and therapy of COVID-19.


Example 15
Alternative RNA Splicing and Alternative Transcription Start/End in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Critically ill patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and despite the study of genomics of ARDS, there is little progress. The drop in the cost of sequencing has refocused genetic studies from DNA to RNA sequencing and methods to analyze this data have improved. The objective of this investigation is to utilize RNA sequencing data and analysis to identify useful gene targets in ARDS.


The human cohort generated from the GTEx consortium consisted of 25 deceased patients with ARDS identified by the presence of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), and 74 deceased patients evaluated to not have DAD. The mouse ARDS cohort included C57BL/6 mice ages 10-12 in a model previously described and compared to controls.


Alternatively spliced RNA arises from co/post-transcriptional events facilitated by the spliceosome, introns are removed to form the mature RNA from which protein isoforms are translated. Alternatively transcribed genes are the product of changes in promoter usage, polyadenylation signals, and RNA polymerase II interactions with DNA which can lead to changes in isoform usage like alternative splicing events. These are identified from the analysis of RNA sequencing data. Significant differentially alternatively transcribed genes and alternative spliced genes were identified and where alternative transcription may have separate roles in DAD/ARDS by regulating different genes to perform distinctive functions.


In this analysis of RNA sequencing data from deceased patients with ARDS identified by the presence of DAD and a clinically relevant mouse model of ARDS, useful genes were identified. Future research is needed using on the mechanism of alternative RNA splicing and alternative transcription start/end seen in ARDS, overlapped with genes previously reported as ARDS related. Of 89 reported ARDS related genes, 38 were confirmed in at least one differential category confirming that the use of humans and mice with DAD/ARDS is appropriate and robust (p=1.25e−14). Eleven previously reported genes were present in all categories. These eleven genes were evaluated for the change in alternative splicing and alternative transcription. GO term enrichment analysis was performed on the 11 overlapping genes, revealing 20 significant biological processes including ontology related to aging, and response to abiotic/environmental stimuli. There are 1639 genes that show overlap in alternative splicing and alternative transcription that were not previously in the literature. These genes were assessed for directionality alternative splicing and alternative transcription and GO terms should provide the foundation for future work in ARDS.


Studying the underlying changes in RNA processing (alternative splicing and alternative transcription start/end) not only expands basic knowledge of pathogenicity, but also provides additional targets for therapeutics. The most enriched GO term from the alternative splicing set, carboxy-terminal domain protein kinase complex (GO: 0032806) refers to phosphorylation of the CTD of RNA polymerase II, which is vital in the regulation of transcription and RNA processing. In addition, RNA polymerase complex binding (GO: 0000993), and transport of the SLBP Independent/Dependent mature mRNA (R-HSA-159227; R-HSA-159230) are among the most enriched. This suggests alternative pre-mRNA splicing plays the dominate role in isoform usage in genes where expressions levels do not change, whereas alternative transcription may regulate isoform usage in genes that are more dynamically expressed during critical illness. Although it is possible the enrichment reflects down regulation through inhibitory genes, these data support the hypothesis that alternative splicing. Although it is possible the enrichment reflects down regulation through inhibitory genes, these data support the hypothesis that alternative splicing and alternative transcription may have separate roles in DAD/ARDS by regulating different genes to perform distinctive functions.


In this analysis of RNA sequencing data from deceased patients with ARDS identified by the presence of DAD and a clinically relevant mouse model of ARDS, useful genes were identified. Future research is needed using on the mechanism of alternative RNA splicing and alternative transcription start/end seen in ARDS.


Example 16
Updated Results

To translate the work described above, where SARS-CoV-2 was identified in the blood of patients using this methodology, the inventors again showed that they do this for other infections, specifically the bacterial infection Escherichia coli.


In a patient with a known Escherichia coli infection the blood of that patient was sequenced to a depth of >100 million reads. Sequencing data was aligned using STAR aligner with standard parameters to the human genome. Unmapped reads were extracted and then aligned to the Escherichia coli genome (Escherichia coli O25b:H4-ST131).


The reads aligned to Escherichia coli in a patients with an Escherichia coli infection. See TABLE 7.









TABLE 7







All E. coli reads









Start
End
Nucleic Acid Sequence





242185
242285
TGACTCTTGAAATCCATAAATTCAAGCGCAGTGCCCAGCCAT




CCCGATACTGCTGCTTTCACCAAATCCTTAGTGCTTCTTTCGT




GTTTTTCTATTGTCATAATGTTATCTCTAAAAAAGAGGTAAGAT




GCGTACTACTTACTCGCCGTT





242285
242185
TGTTATCTCTAAAAAAGAGGTAAGATGCGTACTACTTACTCGC




CGTTATTGGTATTATTCAGAAAAAGTGAGTAAGACTTTGCAGC




AATGTTTTTGATCCTGTTCAAATAAACTAATGGCATCAGCAAC




ATGCTGGAAATCAAACGTATG





1500318
1500404
CGGCCTATCAACGTCGTCGTCTTCAACGTTCCTTCAGGACTC




TCAAGGAGTCAGGGAGAACTCATCTCGGGGCAAGTTTCGTG




CTTAGATGCTTTCAGCACTTATCTCTTCCGCATTTAGCTACCG




GGCAGTGCCATTGGCATGACAACC





1500404
1500318
AGATGCTTTCAGCACTTATCTCTTCCGCATTTAGCTACCGGG




CAGTGCCATTGGCATGACAACCCGAACACCAGTGATGCGTC




CACTCCGGTCCTCTCGTACTAGGAGCAGCCCCCCTCAGTTCT




CCAGCGCCCACGGCAGATAGGGACC 1





501520
1501548
CTTGGTATTCTCTACCTGACCACCTGTGTCGGTTTGGGGTAC




GATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGCTTTTCCTGGAAGCA




GGGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTGCCTCGTCATCACGC




CTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTG





1501548
1501520
TCGGTTTGGGGTACGATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGC




TTTTCCTGGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTG




CCTCGTCATCACGCCTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTG




GAAAACCAGCCTACACGCTTAAAC





1501563
1501563
ATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGCTTTTCCTGGAAGCAG




GGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTGCCTCGTCATCACGC




CTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTGGAAAACCAGCCTAC




ACGCTTAAACAGATCGGAAGAGCGT





1501563
1501563
GTGCTCTTCCGATCTATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGC




TTTTCCTGGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTG




CCTCGTCATCACGCCTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTG




GAAAACCAGCCTACACGCTTAAAC





1501821
1501900
CACCCTGCCCCGATTAACGTTGGACAGGAACCCTTGGTCTTC




CGGCGAGCGGGCTTTTCACCCGCTTTATCGTTACTTATGTCA




GCATTCGCACTTCTGATACCTCCAGCATACCTCACAGTACAC




GTTCACAGGCTTACAGAACGCTGC





1501900
1501821
TGTCAGCATTCGCACTTCTGATACCTCCAGCATACCTCACAG




TACACCTTCACAGGCTTACAGAACGCTCCCCTACCCAACAAC




ACATAGTGTCGCTGCCGCAGCTTCGGTGCATGGTTTAGCCC




CGTTACATCTTCCGCGCAGGCCGAC





1502166
1502187
GGCGGTCTGGGTTGTTTCCCTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCA




CCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGTGATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCA




GTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAAGTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGA




AACAGTGCTCTACCCCCGGAGATGAA





1502166
2227814
GGCGGTCTGGGTTGTTTCCCTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCA




CCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGTGATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCA




GTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAAGTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGA




AACAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGA





1502166
2018481
GGCGGTCTGGGTTGTTTCCCTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCA




CCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGTGATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCA




GTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAAGTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGA




AACAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGA





1502176
2317776
GTTGTTTCCCTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCACCCGCCGTGT




GTCTCCCGTGATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCAGTTTGCATCG




GGTTGGTAAGTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGAAACAGTGCTC




TACCCCCGGAGATGAATTCACGAGAT





1502187
1502166
CTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCACCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGTGA




TAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCAGTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAAGT




CGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGAAACAGTGCTCTACCCCCGGAG




ATGAATTCACGAGGCGCTACCTAAAT





1502487
1502523
CGGGTCTATACCCTGCAACTTAACGCCCAGTTAAGACTCGGT




TTCCCTTCGGCTCCCCTATTCGGTTAACCTTGCTACAGAATAT




AAGTCGCTGACCCATTATACAAAAGGTACGCAGTCACCCCAT




TAAGAGGCTCCCACTGCTTGTAC





1502523
1502487
CTCGGTTTCCCTTCGGCTCCCCTATTCGGTTAACCTTGCTAC




AGAATATAAGTCGCTGACCCATTATACAAAAGGTACGCAGTC




ACCCCATTAAGAGGCTCCCACTGCTTGTACGTACACGGTTTC




AGGTTCTTTTTCACTCCCCTCGCC





1502812
1502812
TTTTTGTGTACGGGGCTGTCACCCTGTATCGCGCGCCTTTCC




AGACGCTTCCACTAACACACACACTGATTCAGGCTCTGGGCT




CCTCCCCGTTCGCTCGCCGCTACTGGGGGAATCTCGGTTGA




TTTCTTAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGT





1502812
1502812
CACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTTTTTTGTGTACGGGC5CTGTCACC




CTGTATCGCGCGCCTTTCCAGACGCTTCCACTAACACACACA




CTGATTCAGGCTCTGGGCTCCTCCCCGTTCGCTCGCCGCTA




CTGGGGGAATCTCGGTTGATTTCTT





1502923
1502923
GGAATCTCGGTTGATTTCTTTTCCTCGGGGTACTTAGATGTTT




CAGTTCCCCCGGTTCGCCTCATTAACCTATGGATTCAGTTAA




TGATAGTGTGTCGAAACACACTGGGTTTCCCCATTCGGAAAT




CGCCGAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG





1502923
1502923
ACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTGGAATCTCGGTTGATTTCTTTTCCT




CGGGGTACTTAGATGTTTCAGTTCCCCCGGTTCGCCTCATTA




ACCTATGGATTCAGTTAATGATAGTGTGTCGAAACACACTGG




GTTTCCCCATTCGGAAATCGCCG





1503664
1503684
CAAGGCCCGGGAACGTATTCACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACG




ATTACTAGCGATTCCGACTTCATGGAGTCGAGTTGCAGACTC




CAATCCGGACTACGACGCACTTTATGAGGTCCGCTTGCTCTC




GCAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGA





1503664
1503664
CCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTCAAGGCCCGGGAACGTAT




TCACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACGATTACTAGCGATTCCGACT




TCATGGAGTCGAGTTGCAGACTCCAATCCGGACTACGACGC




ACTTTATGAGGTCCGCTTGCTCTCGC





1503671
CGGGA
GGGGAACGTATTCACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACGATTACTAG



ACG
CGATTCCGACTTCATGGAGTCGAGTTGCAGACTCCAATCCG




GACTACGACGCACTTTATGAGGTCCGCTTGCTCTCGCAGATC




GGAAGAGCGTCGTGTAGGGAAAGAG





1503812
1503849
CGCCATTGTAGCACGTGTGTAGCCCTGGTCGTAAGGGCCAT




GATGACTTGACGTCATCCCCACCTTCCTCCAGTTTATCACTG




GCAGTCTCCTTTGAGTTCCCGGCCGGACCGCTGGCAACAAA




GGATAAGGGTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGA





1503849
1503812
CCATGATGACTTGACGTCATCCCCACCTTCCTCCAGTTTATC




ACTGGCAGTCTCCTTTGAGTTCCCGGCCGGACCGCTGGCAA




CAAAGGATAAGGGTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAAC




ATTTCACAACACGAGCTGACGACAGC





1503942
1503953
CGGGTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAACATTTCACAAC




ACGAGCTGACGACAGCCATGCAGCACCTGTCTCACGGTTCC




CGAAGGCACATTCTCATCTCTGAAAACTTCCGTGGATGTCAA




GACCAGGTAAGGTTCTTCGCGTTGC





1503953
1503942
GTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAACATTTCACAACACGAGCTGACGA




CAGCCATGCAGCACCTGTCTCACGGTTCCCGAAGGCACATT




CTCATCTCTGAAAACTTCCGTGGATGTCAAGACCAGGTAAGG




TTCTTCGCGTTGCATCGAATTAAAC





1504092
1504092
TTCGAATTAAACCACATGCTCCACCGCTTGTGCGGGCCCCC




GTCAATTCATTTGAGTTTTAACCTTGCGGCCGTACTCCCCAG




GCGGTCAACTTAATGCGTTAGCTGCGCCACTAAAAGCTCAAG




GCTTCCAACAGATCGGAAGAGCACA





1504092
1504092
GACGCTCTTCCGATCTTTCGAATTAAACCACATGCTCCACCG




CTTGTGCGGGCCCCCGTCAATTCATTTGAGTTTTAACCTTGC




GGCCGTACTCCCCAGGCGGTCAACTTAATGCGTTAGCTGCG




CCACTAAAAGCTCAAGGCTTCCAAC





1504400
1504439
CTCAAGCTTGCCAGTATCAGATGCAGTTCCCAGGTTGAGCCC




GGGGATTTCACATCTGACTTAACAAACCGCCTGCGTGCGCTT




TACGCCCAGTAATTCCGATTAACGCTTGCACCCTCCGTATTA




CCGCGGCTGCTGGCACGGAGTTAG





1504439
1504400
CCCGGGGATTTCACATCTGACTTAACAAACCGCCTGCGTGC




GCTTTACGCCCAGTAATTCCGATTAACGCTTGCACCCTCCGT




ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGGCACGGAGTTAGCCGGTGCTTCTTC




TGCGGGTAACGTCAATGAGCAAAGGT





2018481
1502166
CCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTGGCGGTCTGGGTTGTTTCC




CTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCACCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGT




GATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCAGTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAA




GTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGAAAC





2227814
1502166
CCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTGGCGGTCTGGGTTGTTTCC




CTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCACCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGT




GATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCAGTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAA




GTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGAAAC





2260692
2260927
GTCACGCTCAAAGACGCGGGTCATATAGCCTTTCAGCTCTTT




CGCACCCGGGCCGCTGAACTCGATGCCCAGTTGCGGCAGA




CGCCACAGCAGCGGAGCAAGATAGCAATCGACCAGGCTGAA




CTCATCGCTCAGGAAGTACGGCTTCTG





2260927
2260692
GTGTTCATCAGCGTGTACCAGTCTTTTTCGATGGGATGCATG




TACAGACGGCTTTCACCGCGAGCTACCGGGTAAACAGGCAT




CAGTGGCGGATGCGGGAAACGCTCATCCAGATAGTCCATAA




TGATGCGAGATTCCCACAGGGTCAGC





2315078
2315109
GTTGTTTGATGAGCCAACGTCGGCGCTCGATCCTGAGATGG




TGAAAGAGGTGCTGGATACGATGATTGGGCTGGCGCAGTCG




GGTATGACAATGCTGTGTGTAACACATGAGATGGGGTTTGCA




CGAACCGTCGCTGACCGGGTGATTTT





2315109
2315078
CCTGAGATGGTGAAAGAGGTGCTGGATACGATGATTGGGCT




GGCGCAGTCGGGTATGACAATGCTGTGTGTAACACATGAGA




TGGGGTTTGCACGAACCGTCGCTGACCGGGTGATTTTTATG




GATCGTGGGGAGATAGTGGAACAAGCT





2315918
2316004
CGGCCTATCAACGTCGTCGTCTTCAACGTTCCTTCAGGACTC




TCAAGGAGTCAGGGAGAACTCATCTCGGGGCAAGTTTCGTG




CTTAGATGCTTTCAGCACTTATCTCTTCCGCATTTAGCTACCG




GGCAGTGCCATTGGCATGACAACC





2316004
2315918
AGATGCTTTCAGCACTTATCTCTTCCGCATTTAGCTACCGGG




CAGTGCCATTGGCATGACAACCCGAACACCAGTGATGCGTC




CACTCCGGTCCTCTCGTACTAGGAGCAGCCCCCCTCAGTTC




TCCAGCGCCCACGGCAGATAGGGACC





2317120
2317148
CTTGGTATTCTCTACCTGACCACCTGTGTCGGTTTGGGGTAC




GATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGCTTTTCCTGGAAGCA




GGGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTGCCTCGTCATCACG




CCTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTG





2317148
2317120
TCGGTTTGGGGTACGATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGC




TTTTCCTGGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTG




CCTCGTCATCACGCCTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTG




GAAAACCAGCCTACACGCTTAAAC





2317163
2317163
ATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGCTTTTCCTGGAAGCAG




GGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTGCCTCGTCATCACGC




CTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTGGAAAACCAGCCTAC




ACGCTTAAACAGATCGGAAGAGCGT





2317163
2317163
GTGCTCTTCCGATCTATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAGGC




TTTTCCTGGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAGTG




CCTCGTCATCACGCCTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTG




GAAAACCAGCCTACACGCTTAAAC





2317766
2317787
GGCGGTCTGGGTTGTTTCCCTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCA




CCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGTGATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCA




GTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAAGTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGA




AACAGTGCTCTACCCCCGGAGATGAA





2317776
1502176
ATCTGTTGTTTCCCTCTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCACCCGCCG




TGTGTCTCCCGTGATAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCAGTTTGCA




TCGGGTTGGTAAGTCGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGAAACAGTG




CTCTACCCCCGGAGATGAATTCACG





2317787
2317766
CTTCACGACGGACGTTAGCACCCGCCGTGTGTCTCCCGTGA




TAACATTCTCCGGTATTCGCAGTTTGCATCGGGTTGGTAAGT




CGGGATGACCCCCTTGCCGAAACAGTGCTCTACCCCCGGAG




ATGAATTCACGAGGCGCTACCTAAAT





2318087
2318123
CGGGTCTATACCCTGCAACTTAACGCCCAGTTAAGACTCGGT




TTCCCTTCGGCTCCCCTATTCGGTTAACCTTGCTACAGAATAT




AAGTCGCTGACCCATTATACAAAAGGTACGCAGTCACCCCAT




TAAGAGGCTCCCACTGCTTGTAC





2318123
2318087
GTCGGTTTCCCTTCGGCTCCCCTATTCGGTTAACCTTGCTAC




AGAATATAAGTCGCTGACCCATTATACAAAAGGTACGCAGTC




ACCCCATTAAGAGGCTCCCACTGCTTGTACGTACACGGTTTC




AGGTTCTTTTTCACTCCCCTCGCC





2318412
2318412
TTTTTGTGTACGGGGCTGTCACCCTGTATCGCGCGCCTTTCC




AGACGCTTCCACTAACACACACACTGATTCAGGCTCTGGGCT




CCTCCCCGTTCGCTCGCCGCTACTGGGGGAATCTCGGTTGA




TTTCTTAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGT





2318412
2318412
CACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTTTTTTGTGTACGGGGCTGTCACC




CTGTATCGCGCGCCTTTCCAGACGCTTCCACTAACACACACA




CTGATTCAGGCTCTGGGCTCCTCCCCGTTCGCTCGCCGCTA




CTGGGGGAATCTCGGTTGATTTCTT





2318523
2318523
GGAATCTCGGTTGATTTCTTTTCCTCGGGGTACTTAGATGTTT




CAGTTCCCCCGGTTCGCCTCATTAACCTATGGATTCAGTTAA




TGATAGTGTGTCGAAACACACTGGGTTTCCCCATTCGGAAAT




CGCCGAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG





2318523
2318523
ACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTGGAATCTCGGTTGATTTCTTTTCCT




CGGGGTACTTAGATGTTTCAGTTCCCCCGGTTCGCCTCATTA




ACCTATGGATTCAGTTAATGATAGTGTGTCGAAACACACTGG




GTTTCCCCATTCGGAAATCGCCG





2319355
2319355
CAAGGCCCGGGAACGTATTCACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACG




ATTACTAGCGATTCCGACTTCATGGAGTCGAGTTGCAGACTC




CAATCCGGACTACGACGCACTTTATGAGGTCCGCTTGCTCTC




GCAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGA





2319355
2319355
CCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTCAAGGCCCGGGAACGTAT




TCACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACGATTACTAGCGATTCCGACT




TCATGGAGTCGAGTTGCAGACTCCAATCCGGACTACGACGC




ACTTTATGAGGTCCGCTTGCTCTCGC





2319362
1503671
CTGGAGTTCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTCGGGAACGTATT




CACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACGATTACTAGCGATTCCGACTT




CATGGAGTCGAGTTGCAGACTCCAATCCGGACTACGACGCA




CTTTATGAGGTCCGCTTGCTCTCGC





2319503
2319540
CGCCATTGTAGCACGTGTGTAGCCCTGGTCGTAAGGGCCAT




GATGACTTGACGTCATCCCCACCTTCCTCCAGTTTATCACTG




GCAGTCTCCTTTGAGTTCCCGGCCGGACCGCTGGCAACAAA




GGATAAGGGTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGA





2319540
2319503
CCATGATGACTTGACGTCATCCCCACCTTCCTCCAGTTTATC




ACTGGCAGTCTCCTTTGAGTTCCCGGCCGGACCGCTGGCAA




CAAAGGATAAGGGTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAAC




ATTTCACAACACGAGCTGACGACAGC





2319633
2319644
CGGGTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAACATTTCACAAC




ACGAGCTGACGACAGCCATGCAGCACCTGTCTCACGGTTCC




CGAAGGCACATTCTCATCTCTGAAAACTTCCGTGGATGTCAA




GACCAGGTAAGGTTCTTCGCGTTGC





2319644
2319633
GTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAACATTTCACAACACGAGCTGACGA




CAGCCATGCAGCACCTGTGTCACGGTTCCCGAAGGCACATT




CTCATCTCTGAAAACTTCCGTGGATGTCAAGACCAGGTAAGG




TTCTTCGCGTTGCATCGAATTAAAC





2319783
2319783
TTCGAATTAAACCACATGCTCCACCGCTTGTGCGGGCCCCC




GTCAATTCATTTGAGTTTTAACCTTGCGGCCGTACTCCCCAG




GCGGTCAACTTAATGCGTTAGCTGCGCCACTAAAAGCTCAAG




GCTTCCAACAGATCGGAAGAGCACA





2319783
2319783
GACGCTCTTCCGATCTTTCGAATTAAACCACATGCTCCACCG




CTTGTGCGGGCCCCCGTCAATTCATTTGAGTTTTAACCTTGC




GGCCGTACTCCCCAGGCGGTCAACTTAATGCGTTAGCTGCG




GCACTAAAAGCTCAAGGCTTCCAAC





2320091
2320130
CTCAAGCtfGCCAGTATCAGATGCAGTTCCCAGGTTGAGCCC




GGGGATTTCACATCTGACTTAACAAACCGCCTGCGTGCGCTT




TACGCCCAGTAATTCCGATTAACGCTTGCACCCTCCGTATTA




CCGCGGCTGCTGGCACGGAGTTAG





2320130
2320091
CCCGGGGATTTCACATCTGACTTAACAAACCGCCTGCGTGC




GCTTTACGCGCAGTAATTCCGATTAACGCTTGCACCCTCCGT




ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGGCACGGAGTTAGCCGGTGCTTCTTC




TGCGGGTAACGTCAATGAGCAAAGGT





2320361
2320375
GGCTTGCGCCCATTGTGCAATATTCCCCACTGCTGCCTCCC




GTAGGAGTCTGGACCGTGTCTCAGTTCCAGTGTGGCTGGTC




ATCCTCTCAGACCAGCTAGGGATCGTCGCCTAGGTGAGCCA




TTACCCCACCTACTAGCTAATCCCATC





2320375
2320361
GTGCAATATTCCCCACTGCTGCCTCCCGTAGGAGTCTGGAC




CGTGTCTCAGTTCCAGTGTGGCTGGTCATCCTCTCAGACCAG




CTAGGGATCGTCGCCTAGGTGAGCCATTACCCCACCTACTA




GCTAATCCCATCTGGGCACATCCGAT





2345096
2345096
CGGGGAGATCAGAACAGTGAAGCGCTCTTTGCGTGTCGGCA




GCGGGATCGGACCACGGACCTGCGCACCAGTGCGCTTAGA




AGTCTCGACGATTTCCGCGGTTGCTTGATCGATCAGACGATG




ATCAAACGCTTTAGATCGGAAGAGCAC





2345096
2345096
ACGCTCTTCCGATCTCGGGGAGATCAGAACAGTGAAGCGCT




CTTTGCGTGTCGGCAGCGGGATCGGACCACGGACCTGCGC




ACCAGTGCGCTTAGCAGTCTCGACGATTTCCGCGGTTGCTT




GATCGATCAGACGATGATCAAACGCTTT





2833276
2833282
CCCAGATGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCT




AGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCAC




ACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGC




AGTGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCA





2833282
2833276
TGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCTAGGCGA




CGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCACACTGGA




ACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGG




GGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTG





2833511
2833550
ACCTTTGCTCATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGCACCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGC




GTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGGTT




TGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGG





2833550
2833511
CTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAA




GCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGG




TTTGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTCAACCTGGGAA




CTGCATCTGATACTGGCAAGCTTGAG





2833900
2833900
GTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAA




GTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAA




ATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGT




TTAATTCGAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTC





2833900
2833900
TGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGC




GCAGCTAACGCATTAAGTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCG




CAAGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAG




CGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAA





2833997
2834009
GTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGAC




ATCCACGGAAGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAAC




CGTGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGT




GAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAAC





2834009
2833997
GCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGACATCCACGGAAG




TTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACAG




GTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGG




GTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCG





2834049
2948544
GTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACA




GGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG




GGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG




TCTGAACTCCAGTCACAACCTACGATC





2834049
3077599
GTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACA




GGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG




GGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG




TCTGAACTCCAGTCACAACCTACGATC





2834049
3117867
GTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACA




GGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG




GGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG




TCTGAACTCCAGTCACAACCTACGATC





2834101
2834138
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCG




CAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC




CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAG




GTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGG





2834138
2834101
TCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGT




CCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGA




GGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGAC




CAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCG





2834151
2948646
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACT




CAAAGGAGAGTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGAT




GACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACAC




GTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





2834151
3077701
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACT




CAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGAT




GACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACAC




GTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





2834151
3117969
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACT




CAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGAT




GACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACAC




GTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





2834309
2834309
GCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGA




TTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGT




AATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCC




TTGAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTGTAGG





2834309
2834309
TCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCT




CATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGA




CTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGC




CACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTG





2835045
2835045
CGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAACCCAGTGTGTTTCGACACA




CTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTTAATGAGGCGAACCGGGG




GAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCGAGGAAAAGAAATCAACCG




AGATTCCAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGT





2835045
2835045
CGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTCGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAAC




CCAGTGTGTTTCGACACACTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTT




AATGAGGCGAACCGGGGGAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCG




AGGAAAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCC





2835157
2835157
AAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCCAGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACG




GGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAATCAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGA




AGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGATACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGT




ACACAAAAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTG





2835157
2835157
ACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCC




AGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACGGGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAAT




CAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGAAGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGAT




ACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGTACACAAAAA





2835427
2835463
GGCGAGGGGAGTGAAAAAGAACCTGAAACCGTGTACGTACA




AGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACCTTTTGT




ATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTAACCGA




ATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAG





2835463
2835427
GTACAAGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACC




TTTTGTATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTA




ACCGAATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAGTCTTAACTGGG




CGTTAAGTTGCAGGGTATAGACCCG





2835763
2835784
ATTTAGGTAGCGCCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGC




ACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGAT




GCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACA




CGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTCGTGAAG





2835778
2950271
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACAGAT





2835778
3079417
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACAGAT





2835778
3119594
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACAGAT





2835778
2950271
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAG





2835778
3079417
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAG





2835778
3119594
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAG





2835784
2835763
TTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCA




TCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGA




ATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTC




GTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAGACCGCC





2836402
2836402
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATAGATCGGAAGAGCAC





2836402
2836402
ACGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAG




GCAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCA




CTACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAG




CCTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAAT





2836402
2836430
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGA





2836430
2836402
CAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCAC




TACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGC




CTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGACA




CAGGTGGTCAGGTAGAGAATACCAAG





2837546
2837632
GGTCCCTATCTGCCGTGGGCGCTGGAGAACTGAGGGGGGC




TGCTCCTAGTACGAGAGGACCGGAGTGGACGCATCACTGGT




GTTCGGGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAAT




GCGGAAGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCT





2837632
2837546
GGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAATGCGGA




AGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCTAAGCACGAAACTTGCCCCG




AGATGAGTTCTCCCTGACTCCTTGAGAGTCCTGAAGGAACGT




TGAAGACGACGACGTTGATAGGCCG





2947561
2947567
CTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTC




GAACGGTAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTG




GCGGACGGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGG




GGGATAACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAA





2947567
2947561
TTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGAACGG




TAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTGGCGGAC




GGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGGGGGATA




ACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAATACCGC





2947771
2947777
CCCAGATGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCT




AGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCAC




ACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGC




AGTGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCA





2947777
2947771
TGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCTAGGCGA




CGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCACACTGGA




ACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGG




GGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTG





2948006
2948045
ACCTTTGCTCATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGCACCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGC




GTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGGTT




TGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGG





2948045
2948006
CTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAA




GCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGG




TTTGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTCAACCTGGGAA




CTGCATCTGATACTGGCAAGCTTGAG





2948395
2948395
GTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAA




GTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAA




ATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGT




TTAATTCGAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTC





2948395
2948395
TGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGC




GCAGCTAACGCATTAAGTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCG




CAAGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAG




CGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAA





2948482
2948504
GTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGAC




ATCCACGGAAGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAAC




CGTGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGT




GAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAAC





2948504
2948492
GCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGAGATCCACGGAAG




TTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACAG




GTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGG




GTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCG





2948544
2834049
ACACGCGTAAGAACACTCTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGA




TCTGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGA




CAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTT




GGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCA





2948544
3077599
GTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACA




GGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG




GGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG




TCTGAACTCCAGTCACAACCTACGATC





2948544
3117867
GTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACA




GGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG




GGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG




TCTGAACTCCAGTCACAACCTACGATC





2948596
2948633
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCG




CAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC




CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAG




GTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGG





2948633
2948596
TCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGT




CCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGA




GGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGAC




CAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCG





2948646
2834151
ATCTGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGG




AACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGG




GGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC




ACACGTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAG





2948646
3077701
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACT




CAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGAT




GACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACAC




GTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





2948646
3117969
GCAACCGTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACT




CAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGAT




GACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACAC




GTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





2948804
2948804
GCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGA




TTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGT




AATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCC




TTGAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTGTAGG





2948804
2948804
TCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCT




CATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGA




CTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGC




CACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTG





2949540
2949540
CGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAACCCAGTGTGTTTCGACACA




CTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTTAATGAGGCGAACCGGGG




GAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCGAGGAAAAGAAATCAACCG




AGATTCCAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGT





2949540
2949540
CGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTCGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAAC




CCAGTGTGTTTCGACACACTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTT




AATGAGGCGAACCGGGGGAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCG




AGGAAAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCC





2949652
2949652
AAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCCAGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACG




GGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAATCAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGA




AGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGATACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGT




ACACAAAAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTG





2949652
2949652
ACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCC




AGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACGGGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAAT




CAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGAAGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGAT




ACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGTACACAAAAA





2949922
2949958
GGCGAGGGGAGTGAAAAAGAACCTGAAACCGTGTACGTACA




AGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACCTTTTGT




ATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTAACCGA




ATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAG





2949958
2949922
GTACAAGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACC




TTTTGTATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTA




ACCGAATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAGTCTTAACTGGG




CGTTAAGTTGCAGGGTATAGACCCG





2950258
2950279
ATTTAGGTAGCGCCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGC




ACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGAT




GCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACA




CGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTCGTGAAG





2950271
2835778
ATCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCA




AGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAA




TACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCT




ACGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAAC





2950271
2835778
CTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAA




GGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAAT




ACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAA




CGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCC





2950273
3079417
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACAGAT





2950273
3119594
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACAGAT





2950273
3079417
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAG





2950273
3119594
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAG





2950279
2950258
TTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCA




TCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGA




ATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTC




GTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAGACCGCC





2950897
2950897
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATAGATCGGAAGAGCAC





2950897
2950897
ACGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAG




GCAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCA




CTACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAG




CCTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAAT





2950897
2950925
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGA





2950925
2950897
CAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCAC




TACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGC




CTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGACA




CAGGTGGTCAGGTAGAGAATACCAAG





2952041
2952127
GGTCCCTATCTGCCGTGGGCGCTGGAGAACTGAGGGGGGC




TGCTCCTAGTACGAGAGGACCGGAGTGGACGCATCACTGGT




GTTCGGGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAAT




GCGGAAGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCT





2952127
2952041
GGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAATGCGGA




AGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCTAAGCACGAAACTTGCCCCG




AGATGAGTTCTCCCTGACTCCTTGAGAGTCCTGAAGGAACGT




TGAAGACGACGACGTTGATAGGCCG





3028158
3028470
AGATTTCGTTGCTTTTTCCGTGAGGTGCTCTTTTTTCGCCGC




GAAGGTGCCGGTTGGCTGCGGCGTACATAATCTCGTTGTGC




CACTATCGTTTCGCTGTATTTATTCGTTCGTCAGCCCGCCAT




GTTACTTAAGCGGCGGGCCTTTGAC





3028158
3028470
AGATTTCGTTGCTTTTTCCGTGAGGTGCTCTTTTTTCGCCGC




GAAGGTGCCGGTTGGCTGCGGCGTACATAATCTCGTTGTGC




CACTATCGTTTCGCTGTATTTATTCGTTCGTCAGCCCGCCAT




GTTACTTAAGCGGCGGGCCTTTGAC





3028470
3028158
CGCGATGGTTGTCAGCGGCGGATCACAAAATTGCGTCAGGT




CGATGTTATCAAAACCGATTATGGAAAGGTCTTCCGGGACTT




TCAGCCCCTGGCGTTTTGCCTGAGAAAGTGCGCCGAGCGCC




ATCACATCGCTATGGCAGAAGACAGC





3028470
3028158
CGCGATGGTTGTCAGCGGCGGATCACAAAATTGCGTCAGGT




CGATGTTATCAAAACCGATTATGGAAAGGTCTTCCGGGACTT




TCAGCCCCTGGCGTTTTGCCTGAGAAAGTGCGCCGAGCGCC




ATCACATCGCTATGGCAGAAGACAGC





3076616
3076622
CTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTC




GAACGGTAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTG




GCGGACGGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGG




GGGATAACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAA





3076622
3076616
TTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGAACGG




TAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTGGCGGAC




GGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGGGGGATA




ACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAATACCGC





3076826
3076832
CCCAGATGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCT




AGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCAC




ACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGC




AGTGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCA





3076832
3076826
TGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCTAGGCGA




CGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCACACTGGA




ACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGG




GGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTG





3077061
3077100
ACCTTTGCTCATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGCAGCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGC




GTTAATCGGAATTAGTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGGTT




TGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGG





3077100
3077061
CTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAA




GCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGG




TTTGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTCAACCTGGGAA




CTGCATCTGATACTGGCAAGCTTGAG





3077547
3077559
GTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGAC




ATCCACGGAAGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAAC




CGTGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGT




GAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAAC





3077559
3077547
GCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGACATCCACGGAAG




TTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACAG




GTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGG




GTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCG





3077599
3117867
GTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACA




GGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG




GGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCACACG




TCTGAACTCCAGTCACAACCTACGATC





3077599
2948544
ACACGCGTAAGAACACTCTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGA




TCTGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGA




CAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTT




GGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCA





3077599
2834049
ACACGCGTAAGAACACTCTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGA




TCTGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGA




CAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTT




GGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCA





3077651
3077688
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCG




CAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC




CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAG




GTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGG





3077688
3077651
TCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGT




CCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGA




GGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGAC




CAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCG





3077701
3117969
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACT




CAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGAT




GACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACAC




GTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





3077701
2948646
ATCTGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGG




AACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGG




GGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC




ACACGTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAG





3077701
2834151
ATCTGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGG




AACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGG




GGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC




ACACGTGCTACAA.TGGCGCATACAAAG





3077859
3077859
GCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGA




TTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGT




AATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCC




TTGAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTGTAGG





3077859
3077859
TCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCT




CATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGA




CTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGC




CACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTG





3078686
3078686
CGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAACCCAGTGTGTTTCGACACA




CTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTTAATGAGGCGAACCGGGG




GAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCGAGGAAAAGAAATCAACCG




AGATTCCAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGT





3078686
3078686
CGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTCGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAAC




CCAGTGTGTTTCGACACACTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTT




AATGAGGCGAACCGGGGGAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCG




AGGAAAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCC





3078798
3078798
AAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCCAGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACG




GGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAATCAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGA




AGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGATACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGT




ACACAAAAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTG





3078798
3078798
ACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCC




AGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACGGGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAAT




CAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGAAGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGAT




ACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGTACACAAAAA





3079068
3079104
GGCGAGGGGAGTGAAAAAGAACCTGAAACCGTGTACGTACA




AGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACCTTTTGT




ATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTAACCGA




ATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAG





3079104
3079068
GTACAAGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACC




TTTTGTATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTA




ACCGAATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAGTCTTAACTGGG




CGTTAAGTTGCAGGGTATAGACCCG





3079404
3079425
ATTTAGGTAGCGCCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGC




ACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGAT




GCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACA




CGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTCGTGAAG





3079417
2950273
ATCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCA




AGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAA




TACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTA




ACGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAAC





3079417
2835778
ATCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTGGGCA




AGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAA




TACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTA




ACGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAAC





3079417
2950273
CTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAA




GGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAAT




ACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAA




CGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCC





3079417
2835778
CTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAA




GGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAAT




ACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAA




CGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCC





3079419
3119594
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACAGAT





3079419
3119594
CGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGG




GGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATAC




CGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACG




TCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAG





3079425
3079404
TTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCA




TCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGA




ATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTC




GTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAGACCGCC





3080043
3080043
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATAGATCGGAAGAGCAC





3080043
3080043
ACGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAG




GCAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCA




CTACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAG




CCTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAAT





3080043
3080071
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGA





3080071
3080043
CAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCAC




TACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGC




CTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGACA




CAGGTGGTCAGGTAGAGAATACCAAG





3081187
3081273
GGTCCCTATCTGCCGTGGGCGCTGGAGAACTGAGGGGGGC




TGCTCCTAGTACGAGAGGACCGGAGTGGACGCATCACTGGT




GTTCGGGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAAT




GCGGAAGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCT





3081273
3081187
GGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAATGCGGA




AGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCTAAGCACGAAACTTGCCCCG




AGATGAGTTCTCCCTGACTCCTTGAGAGTCCTGAAGGAACGT




TGAAGACGACGACGTTGATAGGCCG





3116884
3116890
CTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTC




GAACGGTAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTG




GCGGACGGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGG




GGGATAACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAA





3116890
3116884
TTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGAACGG




TAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTGGCGGAC




GGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGGGGGATA




ACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAATACCGC





3117094
3117100
CCCAGATGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCT




AGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCAC




ACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGC




AGTGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCA





3117100
3117094
TGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCTAGGCGA




CGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCACACTGGA




ACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGG




GGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTG





3117329
3117368
ACCTTTGCTCATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGCACCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGC




GTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGGTT




TGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGG





3117368
3117329
CTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAA




GCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGG




TTTGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTCAACCTGGGAA




CTGCATCTGATACTGGCAAGCTTGAG





3117718
3117718
GTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAA




GTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAA




ATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGT




TTAATTCGAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTC





3117718
3117718
TGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGC




GCAGCTAACGCATTAAGTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCG




CAAGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAG




CGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAA





3117815
3117827
GTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGAC




ATCCACGGAAGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAAC




CGTGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGT




GAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAAC





3117827
3117815
GCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGACATCCACGGAAG




TTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACAG




GTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGG




GTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCG





3117867
3077599
ACACGCGTAAGAACACTCTTTCCCTAGACGACGCTCTTCCGA




TCTGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGA




CAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTT




GGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCA





3117867
2948544
ACACGCGTAAGAACACTCTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGA




TCTGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGA




CAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTT




GGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCA





3117867
2834049
ACACGCGTAAGAACACTCTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGA




TCTGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGA




CAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTT




GGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCA





3117919
3117956
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCG




CAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC




CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAG




GTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGG





3117956
3117919
TCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGT




CCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGA




GGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGAC




CAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCG





3117969
3077701
ATCTGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGG




AACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGG




GGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC




ACACGTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAG





3117969
2948646
ATCTGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGG




AACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGG




GGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC




ACACGTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAG





3117969
2834151
ATCTGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGG




AACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGG




GGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC




ACACGTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAG





3118127
3118127
GCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGA




TTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGT




AATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCC




TTGAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTGTAGG





3118127
3118127
TCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCT




CATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGA




CTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGC




CACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTG





3118863
3118863
CGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAACCCAGTGTGTTTCGACACA




CTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTTAATGAGGCGAACCGGGG




GAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCGAGGAAAAGAAATCAACCG




AGATTCCAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGT





3118863
3118863
CGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTCGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAAC




CCAGTGTGTTTCGACACACTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTT




AATGAGGCGAACCGGGGGAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCG




AGGAAAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCC





3118975
3118975
AAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCCAGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACG




GGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAATCAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGA




AGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGATACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGT




ACACAAAAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTG





3118975
3118975
ACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCC




AGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACGGGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAAT




CAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGAAGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGAT




ACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGTACACAAAAA





3119245
3119281
GGCGAGGGGAGTGAAAAAGAACCTGAAACCGTGTACGTACA




AGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACCTTTTGT




ATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTAACCGA




ATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAG





3119281
3119245
GTACAAGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACC




TTTTGTATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTA




ACCGAATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAGTCTTAACTGGG




CGTTAAGTTGCAGGGTATAGACCCG





3119581
3119602
ATTTAGGTAGCGCCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGC




ACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGAT




GCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACA




CGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTCGTGAAG





3119594
3079419
ATCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCA




AGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAA




TACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTA




ACGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAAC





3119594
2950273
ATCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCA




AGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAA




TACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTA




ACGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAAC





3119594
2835778
ATCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCA




AGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAA




TACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTA




ACGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAAC





3119594
3079419
CTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAA




GGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAAT




ACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAA




CGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCC





3119594
2950273
CTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAA




GGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAAT




ACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAA




CGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCC





3119594
2835778
CTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAA




GGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAAT




ACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAA




CGTCCGTCGTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCC





3119602
3119581
TTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCA




TCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGA




ATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTC




GTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAGACCGCC





3120220
3120220
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATAGATCGGAAGAGCAC





3120220
3120220
ACGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAG




GCAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCA




CTACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAG




CCTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAAT





3120220
3120248
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGA





3120248
3120220
CAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCAC




TACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGC




CTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGACA




CAGGTGGTCAGGTAGAGAATACCAAG





3121364
3121450
GGTCCCTATCTGCCGTGGGCGCTGGAGAACTGAGGGGGGC




TGCTCCTAGTACGAGAGGACCGGAGTGGACGCATCACTGGT




GTTCGGGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAAT




GCGGAAGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCT





3121450
3121364
GGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAATGCGGA




AGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCTAAGCACGAAACTTGCCCCG




AGATGAGTTCTCCCTGACTCCTTGAGAGTCCTGAAGGAACGT




TGAAGACGACGACGTTGATAGGCCG





3991338
3991487
CGACGCGTAATGCGTTGGGGATTCTTGGTGGGATCCCGCGC




CGTGAATTTACTCGCGACAGCATCGAAGAGAAAGTCGCTGC




CACCACGCAGGCACAATGGCCGGTTCATGCGGTGATTACCA




ACTCCACCTATGATGGCTTGCTCTACA





3991487
3991338
AACACCGACTGGATCAAACAGACGCTGGATGTCCCGTCGAT




CCACTTCGATTCCGCCTGGGTGCCGTACACCCATTTTCATCC




GATCTACCAGGGGAAAAGTGGTATGAGCGGCGAGCGTGTTG




CGGGAAAAGTGATCTTCGAAACGCAA





4004615
4004621
CTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTC




GAACGGTAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTG




GCGGACGGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGG




GGGATAACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAA





4004621
4004615
TTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGAACGG




TAACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTGGCGGAC




GGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGGGGGATA




ACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAATACCGC





4004825
4004831
CCCAGATGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCT




AGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCAC




ACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGC




AGTGGGGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCA





4004831
4004825
TGGGATTAGCTAGTAGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCTAGGCGA




CGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCACACTGGA




ACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGG




GGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTG





4005060
4005099
ACCTTTGCTCATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGCACCGGCTA




ACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGC




GTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAA.GCGCACGCAGGCGGTT




TGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGG





4005099
4005060
CTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAA




GCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGG




TTTGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTCAACCTGGGAA




CTGCATCTGATACTGGCAAGCTTGAG





4005449
4005449
GTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAA




GTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAA




ATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGT




TTAATTCGAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTC





4005449
4005449
TGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGC




GCAGCTAACGCATTAAGTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCG




CAAGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAG




CGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAA





4005598
4005598
GTTfTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAGCCGTGAGACA




GGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG




GGTTAAGTCCCGGAACGAGCGGAACGCTTATCCAGATCGGA




AGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACA





4005598
4005598
GAACACTCTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTTTCA




GAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAGCCGTGAGACAGGTGCTG




CATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGT




CCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCC





4005650
4005687
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCG




CAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC




CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAG




GTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGG





4005687
4005650
TCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGT




CCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGA




GGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGAC




CAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCG





4005858
4005858
GCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGA




TTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGT




AATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCC




TTGAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTGTAGG





4005858
4005858
TCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCT




CATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGA




CTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGC




CACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTG





4006607
4006670
GATGCCCTGGCAGTCAGAGGCGATGAAGGACGTGCTAATCT




GCGATAAGCGTCGGTGAGGTGATATGAACCGTTATAACCGG




CGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAACCCAGTGTGATTCGTCACACTAT




CATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTTAATGA





4006670
4006607
TATGAACCGTTATAACCGGCGATTTCCGAATGGGGAAACCCA




GTGTGATTCGTCACACTATCATTAACTGAATCCATAGGTTAAT




GAGGCGAACCGGGGGAACTGAAACATCTAAGTACCCCGAGG




AAAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCC





4006798
4006798
AAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCCAGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACG




GGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAATCAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGA




AGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGATACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGT




ACACAAAAAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTCGTG





4006798
4006798
ACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTAAGAAATCAACCGAGATTCCCCC




AGTAGCGGCGAGCGAACGGGGAGGAGCCCAGAGCCTGAAT




CAGTGTGTGTGTTAGTGGAAGCGTCTGGAAAGGCGCGCGAT




ACAGGGTGACAGCCCCGTACACAAAAA





4007068
4007104
GGCGAGGGGAGTGAAAAAGAACCTGAAACCGTGTACGTACA




AGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACCTTTTGT




ATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTAACCGA




ATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAG





4007104
4007068
GTACAAGCAGTGGGAGCCTCTTAATGGGGTGACTGCGTACC




TTTTGTATAATGGGTCAGCGACTTATATTCTGTAGCAAGGTTA




ACCGAATAGGGGAGCCGAAGGGAAACCGAGTCTTAACTGGG




CGTTAAGTTGCAGGGTATAGACCCG





4007404
4007425
ATTTAGGTAGCGCCTCGTGAATTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGC




ACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCATCCCGACTTACCAACCCGAT




GCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGAATGTTATCACGGGAGACACA




CGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTCGTGAAG





4007425
4007404
TTCATCTCCGGGGGTAGAGCACTGTTTCGGCAAGGGGGTCA




TCCCGACTTACCAACCCGATGCAAACTGCGAATACCGGAGA




ATGTTATCACGGGAGACACACGGCGGGTGCTAACGTCCGTC




GTGAAGAGGGAAACAACCCAGACCGCC





4008043
4008043
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATAGATCGGAAGAGCAC





4008043
4008043
ACGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAG




GCAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCA




CTACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAG




CCTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAAT





4008043
4008071
GTTTAAGCGTGTAGGCTGGTTTTCCAGGCAAATCCGGAAAAT




CAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCACTACGGTGCTGAAGC




GACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGCCTCTAAGCATCAGGT




AACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGA





4008071
4008043
CAAATCCGGAAAATCAAGGCTGAGGCGTGATGACGAGGCAC




TACGGTGCTGAAGCGACAAATGCCCTGCTTCCAGGAAAAGC




CTCTAAGCATCAGGTAACATCAAATCGTACCCCAAACCGACA




CAGGTGGTCAGGTAGAGAATACCAAG





4009187
4009273
GGTCCCTATCTGCCGTGGGCGCTGGAGAACTGAGGGGGGC




TGCTCCTAGTACGAGAGGACCGGAGTGGACGCATCACTGGT




GTTCGGGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAAT




GCGGAAGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCT





4009273
4009187
GGTTGTCATGCCAATGGCACTGCCCGGTAGCTAAATGCGGA




AGAGATAAGTGCTGAAAGCATCTAAGCACGAAACTTGCCCCG




AGATGAGTTCTCCCTGACTCCTTGAGAGTCCTGAAGGAACGT




TGAAGACGACGACGTTGATAGGCCG





4527988
4527990
TTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTCGCCACATGATGATGG




ATTTTGGCTATCTGGAAGAAACATTCGAAGCGGGTAAACGCT




CAGCCAAAATCTCCTTTGTTATTACTGTCGTGCTTTCACTTCT




CGCAGGAGTCCTCGTATGGTAAG





4527990
4527988
CTCCACATGATGATGGATTTTGGCTATCTGGAAGAAACATTC




GAAGAGGGTAAACGATCCGCCAAAATCTCCTTTGTTATTACT




GTCGTGATTTCACTTCTCGCAGGAGTCATCTTATGTTAAGAG




ATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACT









Next, target genes were identified to create custom PCR primers for identification of the pathogen. See TABLE 8.









TABLE 8





Target genes


















wcaK
Start
End
Nucleic Acid Sequence





A01587:71
2317120
2317148
CTTGGTATTCTCTACCTGACCACCTGTGTCGGTT





TGGGGTACGATTTGATGTTACCTGATGCTTAGAG





GCTTTTCCTGGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTCGCTTCA





GCACCGTAGTGCCTCGICATCACGCCTCAGCCT





TGATTTTCCGGATTTG





A01587:71
2317148
2317120
TCGGTTTGGGGTACGATTTGATGTTACCTGATGC





TTAGAGGCTTTTCCTGGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTC





GCTTCAGCACCGTAGTGCCTCGTCATCACGCCT





CAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTGGAAAACCA





GCCTACACGCTTAAAC





A01587:71
2317163
2317163
ATTTGATGITACCTGATGCTTAGAGGCTTTTCCT





GGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTCGCTTCAGCACCGTAG





TGCCTCGTCATCACGCCTCAGCCTTGATTTTCCG





GATTTGCCTGGAAAACCAGCCTACACGCTTAAAC





AGATCGGAAGAGCGT





A01587:71
2317163
2317163
GTGCTCTTCCGATCTATTTGATGTTACCTGATGC





TTAGAGGCTTTTCCTGGAAGCAGGGCATTTGTC





GCTTCAGCACCGTAGTGCCTCGTCATCACGCCT





CAGCCTTGATTTTCCGGATTTGCCTGGAAAACCA





GCCTACACGCTTAAAC





wcaJ
Start
End
Nucleic Acid Sequence





A01587:71
2319355
2319355
CAAGGCCCGGGAACGTATTCACCGTGGCATTCT





GATCCACGATTACTAGCGATTCCGACTTCATGGA





GTCGAGTTGCAGACTCCAATCCGGACTACGACG





CACTTTATGAGGTCCGCTTGCTCTCGCAGATCG





GAAGAGCACACGTCTGA





A01587:71
2319355
2319355
CCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCTCAAGGCCCGG





GAACGTATTCACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACGATT





ACTAGCGATTCCGACTTCATGGAGTCGAGTTGC





AGACTCCAATCCGGACTACGACGCACTTTATGA





GGTCCGCTTGCTCTCGC





A01587:71
2319362
1503671
CTGGAGTTCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTCGG





GAACGTATTCACCGTGGCATTCTGATCCACGATT





ACTAGCGATTCCGACTTCATGGAGTCGAGTTGC





AGACTCCAATCCGGACTACGACGCACTTTATGA





GGTCCGCTTGCTCTCGC





A01587:71
2319503
2319540
CGCCATTGTAGCACGTGTGTAGCCCTGGTCGTA





AGGGCCATGATGACTTGACGTCATCCCCACCTT





CCTCCAGTTTATCACTGGCAGTCTCCTTTGAGTT





CCCGGCCGGACCGCTGGCAACAAAGGATAAGG





GTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGA





A01587:71
2319540
2319503
CCATGATGACTTGACGTCATCCCCACCTTCCTCC





AGTTTATCACTGGCAGTCTCCTTTGAGTTCCCGG





CCGGACCGCTGGCAACAAAGGATAAGGGTTGCG





CTCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAACATTTCACAACA





CGAGCTGACGACAGC





A01587:71
2319633
2319644
CGGGTTGCGCTCGTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAACA





TTTCACAACACGAGCTGACGACAGCCATGCAGC





ACCTGTCTCACGGTTCCCGAAGGCACATTCTCAT





CTCTGAAAACTTCCGTGGATGTCAAGACCAGGTA





AGGTTCTTCGCGTTGC





A01587:71
2319644
2319633
GTTGCGGGACTTAACCCAACATTTCACAACACGA





GCTGACGACAGCCATGCAGCACCTGTCTCACGG





TTCCCGAAGGCACATTCTCATCTCTGAAAACTTC





CGTGGATGTCAAGACCAGGTAAGGTTCTTCGCG





TTGCATCGAATTAAAC





A01587:71
2319783
2319783
TTCGAATTAAACCACATGCTCCACCGCTTGTGCG





GGCCCCCGTCAATTCATTTGAGTTTTAACCTTGC





GGCCGTACTCCCCAGGCGGTCAACTTAATGCGT





TAGCTGCGCCACTAAAAGCTCAAGGCTTCCAAC





AGATCGGAAGAGCACA





A01587:71
2319783
2319783
GACGCTCTTCCGATCTTTCGAATTAAACCACATG





CTCCACCGCTTGTGCGGGCCCCCGTCAATTCAT





TTGAGTTTTAACCTTGCGGCCGTACTCCCCAGG





CGGTCAACTTAATGCGTTAGCTGCGCCACTAAAA





GCTCAAGGCTTCCAAC





fdx
Star
End
Nucleic Acid Sequence





A01587:71
2833900
2833900
GTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTTTTAGTGGCGCAGCTA





ACGCATTAAGTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCC





GCAAGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAATTGACGGGGGC





CCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCG





AAAGATCGGAAGAGCGTC





A01687:71
2833900
2833900
TGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGTTGGAAGCCTTGAGCTT





TTAGTGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAAGTTGACCGC





CTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAAA





TGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAG





CATGTGGTTTAATTCGAA





A01587:71
2833997
2834009
GTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTG





GTCTTGACATCCACGGAAGTTTTCAGAGATGAGA





ATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACAGGTGCTGC





ATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTG





GGTTAAGTCCCGCAAC





A01587:71
2834009
2833997
GCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGACATC





CACGGAAGTTTTGAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTC





GGGAACCGTGAGACAGGTGCTGOATGGCTGTC





GTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCC





CGCAACGAGCGCAACCCG





A01587:71
2834049
2948544
GTTTTGAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACC





GTGAGACAGGTGCTGGATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTC





GTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACG





AGCGCAAGATGGGAAGAGCAGACGTCTGAACTC





CAGTCACAACGTACGATC





A01587:71
2834049
3077599
GTTTTGAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACC





GTGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTC





GTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACG





AGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTC





CAGTCAGAAGGTACGATC





A01587:71
2834049
3117867
GTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGGGTTCGGGAACC





GTGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTC





GTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACG





AGCGCAAGATCGGAAGAGCAGACGTCTGAACTC





CAGTCACAACCTACGATC





A01587:71
2834101
2834138
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTT





AAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGT





TGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGA





CTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATG





ACGTCAAGTCATCATGG





A01587:71
2834138
2834101
TCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGC





CAGCGGTCCGGCCGQGAACTCAAAGGAGACTG





CCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACG





TCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC





ACACGTGCTACAATGGCG





A01587:71
2834151
2948646
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC





CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACT





GGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATG





GCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAA





TGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





A01587:71
2834151
3077701
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC





CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACT





GGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATG





GCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAA





TGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





A01587:71
2834151
3117969
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC





CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACT





GGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATG





GCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAA





TGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





ygaZ
Start
End
Nucleic Acid Sequence





A01587:71
2948596
2948633
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTT





AAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGT





TGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGA





CTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATG





ACGTCAAGTCATCATGG





A01587:71
2948633
2948596
TCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGC





CAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTG





CCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACG





TCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTAC





ACACGTGCTACAATGGCG





A01587:71
2948646
2834151
ATCTGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCC





GGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAA





ACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATC





ATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACACGTGCTA





CAATGGCGCATACAAAG





A01587:71
2948646
3077701
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC





CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACT





GGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATG





GCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAA





TGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





A01587:71
2948646
3117969
GCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC





CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACT





GGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATG





GCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAA





TGGCGCATACAAAGAGAT





A01587:71
2948804
2948804
GCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGT





AGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATG





AAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAAT





GCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTGAGATC





GGAAGAGCGTCGTGTACG





A01587:71
2948804
2948804
TCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCTGCGAGAGCAA





GCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATT





GGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAAT





CGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGA





ATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTG









REFERENCES

A person of ordinary skill in the biomedical art of can use these patents, patent applications, and scientific references as guidance to predictable results when making and using the invention:


Patent References



  • US20070203082A1 (Tang et al.). RNAi Agents For Anti-SARS Coronavirus Therapy. The invention provides RNA interference (RNAi) agents and delivery methods to inhibit SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) activity or another virus. The invention inhibits viral production of key proteins required for replication, infection, and other functions critical to the virus lifecycle. The invention also disrupts the viral genome RNA directly. The invention provides: sequences of RNAi agent, small interfering RNA (siRNA), that can be chemically synthesized or vector expressed, in vitro transcribed and vector expressed shRNA; siRNA, miRNA and other types of siRNA molecules, having potent antiviral activity in mammalian cells and animals; agents useful for siRNA-mediated gene inhibition in mammalian cells and animal airways and lung tissues: agents useful for efficient delivery of siRNA into the airways of animal model; mechanism of action of SARS-CoV specific siRNA duplexes for inhibition of the viral infection and replication in mammals; target sequences coding for key proteins required for coronavirus replication and infection; target sequences for siRNA-mediated disruption of coronavirus viral RNA genome in coding and non-coding regions; routes and methods of delivery for nucleic acid agents and analogues for mammals; methods and reagents for RNA template-specific RNA based RT-PCR for detection of any portion of the viral RNA genome, for applications of diagnosis and prognosis; and methods for using nucleic acid agents and analogues to treat pulmonary diseases and infections.

  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,129,223B2 (Kung et al.). Inhibition of SARS-associated coronavirus (SCoV) infection and replication by RNA interference. The invention is based upon the inventor's use of gene therapy, such as RNA interference (RNAi) molecules to inhibit coronavirus infection and replication. The invention relates to using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as therapeutic agents to treat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in humans. The invention encompasses RNAi molecules that target different sites of the genome of the hSARS virus and inhibit infection and replication of the hSARS virus. Specifically, the invention encompasses siRNAs that target different sites of the replicase region of the hSARS virus and are useful to treat SARS in humans. The invention also encompasses small hairpin RNA (shRNA) containing plasmids under a promoter's control to treat SARS.

  • CA2523658A1 (Intradigm Corp.). RNAi agents for anti-SARS coronavirus therapy. This patent application is related to US20070203082A1 (Tang et al.) above.

  • US20060258611A1 (Kung et al.). Inhibition of SARS-associated coronavirus (SCoV) infection and replication by RNA interference. This patent application is related to U.S. Pat. No. 7,129,223B2 (Kung et al.) above.



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LIST OF EMBODIMENTS

Specific compositions and methods of RNA sequencing to diagnose sepsis have been described. The detailed description in this specification is illustrative and not restrictive or exhaustive. The detailed description is not intended to limit the disclosure to the precise form disclosed. Other equivalents and modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts described in this specification, as those skilled in the art will recognize. When the specification or claims recite method steps or functions in order, alternative embodiments may perform the tasks in a different order or substantially concurrently. The inventive subject matter is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the disclosure.


When interpreting the disclosure, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. This invention is not limited to the particular methodology, protocols, reagents, and the like described in this specification and, as such, can vary in practice. The terminology used in this specification is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims.


All patents and publications cited throughout this specification are expressly incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the materials and methods that might be used with the technologies described in this specification. The publications discussed are provided solely for their disclosure before the filing date. They should not be construed as an admission that the inventors may not antedate such disclosure under prior invention or for any other reason. If there is an apparent discrepancy between a previous patent or publication and the description provided in this specification, the present specification (including any definitions) and claims shall control. All statements as to the date or representation as to the contents of these documents are based on the information available to the applicants and constitute no admission as to the correctness of the dates or contents of these documents. The dates of publication provided in this specification may differ from the actual publication dates. If there is an apparent discrepancy between a publication date provided in this specification and the actual publication date supplied by the publisher, the actual publication date shall control.


The terms comprise and comprising should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, used, or combined with other elements, components, or steps. The singular terms a, an, and the include plural referents unless context indicates otherwise. Similarly, the word or should cover and unless the context indicates otherwise. The abbreviation e.g., is used to indicate a non-limiting example and is synonymous with the term for example.


When a range of values is provided, each intervening value, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit, unless the context dictates otherwise, between the upper and lower limit of that range and any other stated or intervening value in that range of values.


Some embodiments of the technology described can be defined according to the following numbered paragraphs:


1. A method of using unmapped bacterial RNA reads to identify bacteria causing sepsis.


2. A method of using unmapped viral reads to identify sepsis or viral reactivation.


3. A method of using unmapped B/T V(D)J to identify sepsis.


4. A method of using a Principal Component Analysis of RNA splicing entropy to identify sepsis.


5. A method of using RNA lariats to identify sepsis.


6. A method of using a Principal Component Analysis of gene expression, alternative RNA splicing, or alternative transcription start and end to identify sepsis.

Claims
  • 1. A method of treatment of sepsis, comprising the steps of: (a) identifying the sepsis patient to be treated using a diagnostic step, the diagnostic step comprising: (1) obtaining a body sample from the patient;(2) assaying the sample for bacterial RNA reads that identify bacteria causing sepsis; and(3) identifying the bacteria causing sepsis by aligning the RNA reads to a genome of interest; and(b) treating the identified sepsis patient with a treatment for sepsis.
  • 2. A method of treatment of sepsis, comprising the steps of: (a) identifying the sepsis patient to be treated using a diagnostic step, the diagnostic step comprising: (1) obtaining a body sample from the patient;(2) assaying the sample for viral RNA reads that identify bacteria causing sepsis; and(3) identifying the bacteria causing sepsis by aligning the RNA reads to a genome of interest; and(b) treating the identified sepsis patient with a treatment for sepsis.
  • 3. A method of treatment of sepsis, comprising the steps of: (a) identifying the sepsis patient to be treated using a diagnostic step, the diagnostic step comprising: (1) obtaining a body sample from the patient;(2) assaying the sample for RNA reads that identify bacteria causing sepsis using a Principal Component Analysis of RNA splicing entropy to identify sepsis; and(3) identifying the bacteria causing sepsis by aligning the RNA reads to a genome of interest; and(b) treating the identified sepsis patient with a treatment for sepsis.
  • 4. A method of treatment of COVID-19 infection, comprising the steps of: (a) identifying the COVID-19 patient to be treated using a diagnostic step, the diagnostic step comprising: (1) obtaining a body sample from the patient;(2) assaying the sample for RNA reads that identify the patient as having a COVID-19 infection; and(3) identifying the patient as having a COVID-19 infection by aligning the RNA reads to a genome of interest; and(b) treating the identified COVID-19 patient with a treatment for COVID-19 infection.
  • 5. A method of treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), comprising the steps of: (a) identifying the ARDS patient to be treated using a diagnostic step, the diagnostic step comprising: (1) obtaining a body sample from the patient;(2) assaying the sample for bacterial RNA reads that identify the patient as having ARDS; and(3) identifying the patient as having ARDS by aligning the RNA reads to a genome of interest; and(b) treating the identified ARDS patient with a treatment for ARDS.
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent matter claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e), to U.S. Ser. No. 63/176,531, filed Apr. 19, 2021, and 63/184,583, filed May 5, 2021, the contents of both of which are incorporated by reference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

This invention was made with government support under P20 GM103652, T32 HL134625, R35 GM142638, P20 GM121344 awarded by National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.

Provisional Applications (2)
Number Date Country
63176531 Apr 2021 US
63184583 May 2021 US