BACKGROUND
The present invention relates to a roll-forming apparatus with a sweep station adapted to impart multiple sweeps (i.e., non-uniform longitudinal curvatures) into a roll-formed beam as part of a continuous in-line process.
Roll-formed bumper beams have recently gained wide acceptance in vehicle bumper systems due to their low cost and high dimensional accuracy and repeatability. Their popularity has increased due to the ability to sweep (i.e., provide longitudinal curves) in the roll-formed beam sections in order to provide a more aerodynamic appearance. For example, one method for roll-forming a constant longitudinally curved beam is disclosed in Sturrus U.S. Pat. No. 5,092,512.
The aerodynamic appearance of vehicle bumpers is often further enhanced by forming a section of the front surface at ends of the bumpers rearwardly at an increased rate from a center of the bumper beam. This is typically done by secondary operations on the bumper beam. Exemplary prior art secondary operations for doing this are shown in Sturrus U.S. Pat. No. 5,092,512 (which discloses deforming/crushing ends of tubular beam), and are also shown in Sturrus U.S. Pat. No. 6,240,820 (which discloses slicing ends of a beam and attaching brackets), Heatherington U.S. Pat. No. 6,318,775 (which discloses end-attached molded components), McKeon U.S. Pat. No. 6,349,521 (which discloses a re-formed tubular beam), and Weykamp U.S. Pat. No. 6,695,368 and Reiffer U.S. Pat. No. 6,042,163 (which disclose end-attached metal brackets). However, secondary operations add cost, increase dimensional variability, and increase in-process inventory, and also present quality issues. It is desirable to eliminate the secondary operations required to form the bumper ends with increased rearward sweep. At the same time, vehicle manufacturers want to both maintain low cost and provide flexibility in bumper beam designs. Thus, there are conflicting requirements, leaving room for and a need for the present improvement.
It is known to provide computer controls for bending and roll-forming devices. See Berne U.S. Pat. No. 4,796,399, Kitsukawa U.S. Pat. No. 4,624,121, and Foster U.S. Pat. No. 3,906,765. It is also known to make bumper beams with multiple radii formed therein. For example, see Levy U.S. Pat. No. 6,386,011 and Japan patent document JP 61-17576. Still further, it is known to bend tubing and beams around the arcuate outer surface of a disk-shaped mandrel by engaging the tube to wrap the tube partially around the mandrel until a desired permanent deformation occurs. For example, see Miller U.S. Pat. No. 1,533,443 and Sutton U.S. Pat. No. 5,187,963. Nonetheless, it is important to understand that bumper beams for modern vehicles present a substantial increase in difficulty due to their relatively large cross-sectional size and non-circular cross-sectional shape, the high strength of materials used herein, the very tight dimensional and tolerance requirements of vehicle manufacturers, the cost competitiveness of the vehicle manufacturing industry, and the high speed at which modern roll-forming lines run.
Notably, existing sweep mechanisms on roll-forming equipment are often made to be adjustable. For example, Sturrus '512 discloses a manually adjustable sweep station. (See as Sturrus '512, FIGS. 10-11, and column 6, lines 1-9.) However, even though the sweep station is adjustable, it does not necessarily mean that the apparatus is able to manufacture beams having multiple sweep radii therein. For example, since the sweep station in the apparatus of Sturrus '512 is manually adjustable, as a practical matter it cannot be adjusted quickly enough to allow formation of regularly-spaced different curves in a single vehicle bumper beam section. Notably, bumper beams are usually only about 4 to 5 feet long and roll-forming line speeds can reach 4000 to 5000 feet per hour, such that any change in sweep must be accomplished relatively quickly and very repeatably. Certainly, non-uniform longitudinal curvatures cannot be uniformly repeated formed along a length of a continuous beam by manual means and further cannot productively and efficiently be made in high speed rollforming operations using slow-acting automated equipment. Accordingly, there remains a need for a method and roll-forming apparatus capable of manufacturing a roll-formed beam with different radii along its length “on the fly” (in other words simultaneously during continuous operation of the roll-forming process), where the method and apparatus do not require substantial secondary operations (or at least they require less secondary processing), such as cutting, fixturing, welding, secondary forming and/or post-roll-forming attachment of bracketry.
Renzzulla U.S. Pat. No. 6,820,451 is of interest for disclosing a power-adjusted sweep station. As best understood, the '451 patent discloses an adjustable sweep station for roll-forming a constant sweep into an open beam section, where an operator can adjust “on the fly” to maintain the constant sweep. (See Renzzulla '451, column 14, lines 1-7 and lines 42-45.) The '451 patent discloses a roll-forming apparatus where an upstream roller (16) is followed by an adjustable carriage adjustment assembly (14) that incorporates a primary bending roller (18) and an adjustable pressure roller (20) forming a first part of the sweep mechanism (for coarse adjustment of sweep), and also an auxiliary roller (22) forming a second part (for fine adjustment of sweep) (see Renzzulla '451, column 14, lines 20-22.). In the '451 patent, the lower primary roller (18) (i.e., the roller on the downstream/convex side of the swept beam) is preferably positioned above the line level of the beam being roll-formed (see FIG. 1, “flexing roller 18 is vertically higher than the line level”, see column 10, line 65 to column 11 line 1.) The second roller (20) (i.e., the roller on the concave side of the swept beam) is supported for adjustable arcuate movement around the axis (shaft 90) of the first roller (see FIGS. 15-16) to various upstream-adjusted positions for putting pressure on the continuous roll-formed beam. Actual flexure of the beam occurs upstream of the rollers (18/20) at location 143. (See column 12, line 45-46.) A control assembly (130) is adapted to move the roller (20) along its arcuate path of adjustment. (See column 8, line 62+, and see FIGS. 1-2). An auxiliary carriage assembly (110) is positioned to adjust roller (22) on the primary carriage assembly (14) and is adjustable by operation of an adjustment assembly (137). The patent indicates that both adjustments can be done “on the fly” (see column 14, line 4), and that the primary and auxiliary assemblies can be adjusted for coarse and fine sweep adjustments, respectively. (See column 14, line 22).
Although the device disclosed in the '451 patent can apparently be power-adjusted while the roll-forming apparatus is running, the present inventors find no teaching or suggestion in the '451 patent for providing a controlled/timed adjustment function for creating multiple sweeps in a single beam section, nor coordinated control function for repeatedly adjusting the device to provide a repeated series of dissimilar sweeps (i.e., different radii) at selected relative locations within and along the length of a single bumper beam segment (e.g., within a span of about 4 to 5 feet as measured along a length of the roll-formed continuous beam). Further, there is no teaching in the '451 patent to form a multi-swept beam using a computer controlled sweep apparatus in continuation with a coordinated computer-controlled cut-off device adapted to cut off individual bumper beam sections from the continuous beam at specific locations related to particular sweep regions. Further, based on the density of threads suggested by the FIGS. 1-2 (and also based on the lack of any discussion in the '451 patent regarding automated “cyclical” adjustment), it appears that the device of the '451 patent suffers from the same problem as manually adjustable sweep stations—i.e., that it cannot be adjusted fast enough to cause multiple sweeps within a 4 to 5 foot span along the continuous roll-formed beam, given normal relatively fast linear speeds of roll-forming mills. Further, its disclosure focuses on maintaining a constant sweep. (See Renzzulla '451, column 10, lines 54-55 where it states the sweep forming assembly is “to impart a permanent bumper curvature to the bumper structure.”)
There is potentially another more fundamental problem in sweep station of the Renzzulla '451 patent when providing tight sweeps (i.e., sweeps with short radii) along a continuous beam. The '451 patent focuses on a sweep station where a first relatively stationary (primary) forming roller (18) is positioned above a line level of the continuous beam (see column 10, line 65 to column 11 line 1) to deflect a continuous beam out of its line level, and discloses a second movable/adjustable pressure roller (20) that is adjustable along an arcuate path around the axis of the first relatively-stationary (primary) roller (18) in order to place bending forces at a location (143) forward of (upstream of) the primary roller (18) . . . the upstream location (143) being generally between and upstream of the primary roller (18) and the upstream support roller (16). (See FIG. 16, and column 12, lines 45-46). As the sweep mechanism of the '451 patent is adjusted to form tighter and tighter sweeps (i.e., sweeps with increasingly smaller radii), the location (143) of bending potentially moves even farther upstream and away from the primary roller (18). By forcing flexure and deformation of the beam to occur at an unsupported upstream location (143), the beam walls effectively are allowed to bend in an uncontrolled fashion. This makes it very it difficult to control twisting and snaking, difficult to control undesired warping and wandering, and also difficult to control dimensional variations. These variables combine and lead to unpredictability of deformation in the beam and the beam walls. In other words, as the unsupported distance increases (i.e., as tighter sweeps are formed), the problem of uncontrolled movement and deflection of the beam walls becomes worse . . . potentially leading to dimensional and quality problems.
Compounding this problem is the fact that the diameter of rollers 16 force the rollers 16 to be positioned away from the rollers 18 and 20 . . . which results in the contact points of the rollers 16 and 18 against the beam to be a relatively large distance equaling basically the distance between the axles on which the rollers 18 and 20 rotate. This large unsupported distance allows the walls of the roll-formed beam to wander and bend uncontrollably as deformation occurs in this area of no support.
The above-noted problems are made worse when a tubular beam is swept. Specifically, the problems of twisting and snaking, poor control of undesired warping and wandering, and also uncontrolled dimensional variations become even worse when a tubular beam is roll formed and swept. This is due in part to the increased strength of the beam due to the tubular shape, but also due to the difficulty in supporting the inner surfaces of the beam walls, due to the closed tubular shape. If the inside of the walls cannot be engaged and controlled, it tends to wander unacceptably, particularly for large beam sections deformed into tight swept curvatures.
Thus, a system having the aforementioned advantages and solving the aforementioned problems is desired.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
In one aspect of the present invention, an adjustable sweep station is provided that is adapted to be positioned in-line and downstream of the roll-forming apparatus to continuously receive a continuous beam formed thereby. The sweep station includes at least first and second opposing rolls with the second roll being movably about an axis of the first roll to form the continuous beam around the first roll. The sweep station further includes a multi-segment external mandrel that is adjustable to selectively wrap partially around the first roll during adjustment of the second roll to form the different sweeps in the continuous tubular beam on the fly during continuous operation of the roll-forming apparatus. The sweep station still further includes at least one actuator operably connected to the external mandrel for controlling rapid adjustment movement of the external mandrel to create selected ones of the different sweeps at predetermined locations along the continuous beam. A controller is programmed to move the actuator between different positions to create a series of beam sections along the continuous beam, with the beam sections each including at least two of the following in a selected repeating sequence: a first constant sweep, a second constant sweep different than the first constant sweep, a continuously changing sweep, and a linear non-swept section.
In another aspect of the present invention, a device for imparting a variable sweep into a beam, a sweep station includes an adjustable sweep station adapted to be positioned in-line and downstream of the roll-forming apparatus to receive a continuous beam. The sweep station includes at least first and second opposing rolls with the second roll being movable about an axis of the first roll to form the continuous beam around the first roll. The sweep station further includes external mandrels that are adjustable to selectively wrap partially around the first roll during adjustment of the second roll, the external mandrels including a layer of mandrels in contact with the continuous beam and including a curved support that supports the external mandrels as the external mandrels are moved around the first roll.
In a narrower form, the external mandrels include one or more additional layers of mandrels supporting the first-mentioned layer of mandrels on the curved support.
In another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus includes a roll-forming apparatus for forming a sheet into a continuous tubular beam, and an adjustable sweep station positioned in-line and downstream of the roll-forming apparatus to receive the continuous tubular beam. The sweep station includes rolls and mandrels that are adjustable to selectively form different sweeps in the continuous tubular beam on the fly during continuous operation of the roll-forming apparatus. The sweep station further includes at least one actuator operably connected to the rolls and to the mandrels for controlling movement to create selected ones of the different sweeps. A controller is connected to the roll-forming apparatus and to the actuator, the controller being programmed to move the actuator between different positions to create a series of beam sections along the continuous tubular beam, with the beam sections each including at least two of the following in a selected sequence: a first constant sweep, a second constant sweep different than the first constant sweep, a continuously changing sweep, and a linear non-swept section.
The present invention also includes methods related to the above.
These and other aspects, objects, and features of the present invention will be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art upon studying the following specification, claims, and appended drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a roll form mill including a first sweep station and sweep controller embodying the present invention.
FIGS. 2-2A are exemplary beams having different sweeps along their lengths and made from the mill of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the sweep station of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 3, but showing only the four main rollers of the sweep station of FIG. 3.
FIGS. 5-8 are side, top, rear (downstream side), and front (upstream side) of the sweep station of FIG. 3.
FIGS. 9-9A are side views of the four main rollers of FIG. 4, FIG. 9 showing the rollers positioned to pass a linear beam section and FIG. 9A showing the rollers positioned to form a swept beam.
FIGS. 10-11 are side views of the sweep station of FIG. 3, FIG. 10 showing the sweep station adjusted to a position for forming a tight sweep (with small radius) in the continuous beam and FIG. 11 showing the sweep station adjusted to a position for forming a shallower sweep (with larger radius) in the continuous beam.
FIG. 12 is a side view of a second sweep station, similar to the sweep station of FIG. 1 and 3, but including a modified rapid-adjust sweep mechanism adapted to be positioned in-line and downstream of the roll form mill as disclosed in FIG. 1. (Notably, the continuous tubular beam is not shown.)
FIG. 13 is a side view of the sweep mechanism of FIG. 12, including a continuous beam being variably swept.
FIGS. 14 and 14A are cross sections taken along the lines XIV-XIV and XIVA-XIVZ in FIG. 13 and show a tubular “D” shaped beam.
FIGS. 14B and 14C are cross sections similar to FIG. 14 showing a double tube “B” shaped beam and an open “C” shaped beam which also can be made by the present inventive apparatus.
FIGS. 15-17 are a front perspective, rear perspective, and side view of the external mandrel support mechanism for the present rapid adjust sweep mechanism.
FIG. 18 is a side view similar to FIG. 17, but cross sectioned along a longitudinal centerline.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present roll-former mill apparatus 19 (FIG. 1) includes a auto-variable sweep station 20 adapted to make roll-formed vehicle bumper beams 21′ (also called “bumper beam segments” or “reinforcement beams” herein) having a constant cross-sectional shape, but having a varied longitudinal curvature formed by the sweep station 20. The sweep station 20 is positioned in-line with and at an output end of the roll-former apparatus 19. The roll-forming portion of the apparatus 19 is not unlike that shown in FIG. 4 of Sturrus U.S. Pat. No. 5,092,512, and the teachings of the Sturrus '512 patent are incorporated herein in their entirety. The present sweep station 20 includes a multi-roller system that is computer-controlled and automated. The sweep station permits quick and accurate adjustment in sweep radii, allowing the sweeping operation to be repeatedly varied during the roll-forming process. By this arrangement, dissimilar sweep radii can be repeatedly and accurately formed along a length of the beam segments as an integral part of the roll-forming process. A coordinated/timed cut-off device 22 is operably connected to the computer control and adapted to cut the continuous beam 21 into bumper beam segments 21′ for use in vehicle bumper systems. By controlling the degree and timing of the sweep imparted into the beam 21 based on part position, separated bumper beams 21′ can, for example, be provided with end sections having an increased degree of sweep (i.e., greater rearward curvature at the fenders) and a center section having a reduced degree of sweep (i.e., less curved across the radiator/grill area). It is conceived that, where the same rolls are used and the same bumper section is used and where only the sweep is changed, a change from one beam profile to another beam profile could be made “on the fly” via computer control, thus eliminating tool change time, eliminating set-up time, and eliminated “start-up” scrap. The present sweep station is shown in connection with a “C” shaped beam, but it is contemplated that it could also be used in a “W” beam section, or in a “D” or “B” shaped beam, or for making other beam sections.
The illustrated roll-formed segmented beam 21′ (FIG. 2) is C-shaped and includes end sections 21A and 21B having a radius R1, a center section 21C that is either linear (FIG. 2) (i.e., the radius equals infinity) or that has a different longer radius R2 (FIG. 2A), and that has transition zones 21D and 21E connecting the center and end sections. In an actual beam (21′), the radii R1 and R2 may not be as drastically different as those illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 2A, but the illustrations show the capability of the present apparatus. Also, it is conceived that the radius of the sweep may be made to be constantly changing along the entire length of the beam 21′ (i.e., the center section may not have a single continuous radius R2), and/or there will be a more “blended” transition zone connecting the center to the ends of the beam, and/or the center section can be linear (or even reversely bent). It is contemplated that the present bumper beam section can be made from any material of sufficient strength and properties for functioning as a vehicle bumper beam. The illustrated bumper beam material is a sheet of ultra high strength steel (UHSS) material having a tensile strength of 80 KSI or more, or preferably having a tension strength of at least 120 KSI, but the tensile strength can be 220 KSI or more (e.g., a martensitic steel material).
The illustrated roll-forming apparatus is capable of line speeds that can reach 5000 feet per hour (or more), and is adapted to make tubular or open beam sections having cross-sectional dimensions of, for example, up to 4×6 inches (more or less). The illustrated sweep station 20 (FIG. 1) is intended to be positioned in-line with and at an end of a roll-forming apparatus (mill). It is contemplated that different cut-off devices could be used. For example, see the cut-off apparatus shown in Heinz U.S. Pat. No. 5,305,625, the teachings and disclosure of which are incorporated herein in their entirety. The cut-off apparatus 22 of the present apparatus includes a shear-type cut-off blade 22′ whose actuation is controlled by a computer controller 56 (or a coordinated controller), so that bumper beams 21′ can be cut at strategic locations along the continuous tubular beam 21. The illustrated cut-off 22 is programmed to extend and cut at a middle of a section of tight sweep in the bumper beam 21′, so that half of the tight sweep (e.g., section 21A) ends up being on each successive bumper beam 21′ and the other section (e.g., 21B) ends up being at the other end of each successive bumper beam 21′. The cut-off device is positioned “downstream” of the sweep station but relatively close thereto for space savings and to reduce undesired wrap-back of the continuous beam as it exits the sweep forming station. The cut-off device 22 is controlled by the computer so that the beams 21′, when separated from the continuous beam 21, have the desired end-to-end symmetry. It is conceived that the cut-off device could be incorporated into the sweep station itself at a location close to the end of the adjustable rolls causing the sweep, if desired. For example, the cut-off device could be attached to and move with the subframe 35, discussed below.
The sweep station 20 (FIGS. 3 and 4) includes a base or main frame 23 comprising a horizontal bottom plate 24 and fixedly attached vertical mounting plates 25. One or more stabilizer plates 25A and bridges 25B are added to stabilize the plates 24-25 and to maintain their relative squareness. A first half 26 of the sweep station 20 includes top and bottom axles 27 and 28 carrying forming rollers 60 and 61, respectively, and top and bottom bearings 29 and 30 rotatably mounting the axles 27, 28 to the vertical plates 25 for supporting forming rollers 60 and 61, respectively.
The top bearing 29 is manually vertically adjustable by a threaded support mechanism 29A in order to manually change a distance between the axles 27 and 28 (i.e., to change a “pinch” pressure of the rollers). Similar manual adjustment designs are known in the prior art, and are used on roll-forming machines to accommodate different sized roll dies for making different size beam cross sections. Notably, adjustment is typically done manually as part of setting up the roll-forming apparatus and during initial running of the roll-forming apparatus, and is typically not done as part of operating the roll-forming apparatus in production to form beams with constantly changing sweeps and repeated sweep profiles.
A significant part of the present invention is the automatic “cyclical” adjustability and quick/accurate adjustability of the “second half” assembly 30A (FIG. 4) of the sweep station 20. The second half 30A includes a rigid subframe 35 (also part of the “armature”) that is adjustably positioned between the main vertical plates 25. The subframe 35 has an inverted “U” shape and comprises a pair of inside vertical plates 36 and a spacer block 38 secured together as a rigid assembly. The inside vertical plates 36 are rotatably mounted on a top axle 31 by bearings 33A. The top axle 31 is made to be vertically adjustable on the outer vertical plates 25 much like the top axle 27 is made to be vertically adjustable in the first part of the sweep station in order to change the pinch pressure of the rollers. A bottom axle 32 and bearings 34 are mounted to a lower end of the inside vertical plates 36. The subframe 35 is rotatably angularly adjustable on axle 31 between the outer vertical plates 25. When rotated, the subframe 35 moves bottom axle 32 and the bottom rollers 63 mounted to it along an arcuate path P1 (FIG. 9A) to a new position on a downstream side of the top rollers 62 on the top axle 31. (See FIGS. 9 and 9A.) In an angularly adjusted position (FIG. 9A), the bottom roller 63 in the second half 30A causes the continuous beam 21 to wrap partially around the top roller 62 sufficiently to cause the continuous beam 21 to take on a permanent arcuate deformation (i.e., a longitudinal curvature or sweep). In other words, the bottom roller 63 effectively acts as a retaining device to hold the continuous beam 21 against (or close to) a circumferential surface of the top roller 62 for a selected distance as the continuous beam 21 extends tangentially past (i.e., around) the roller 63.
The location and timing of the angular movement of the armature (i.e., subframe 35 and roller 63) and also the timing of the cut-off device 22 is controlled by a controller 56 which controls the actuation system via circuit 55 (FIG. 3). The “wrapping” action of the roller 63 as it moves around roller 62 provides a simple and short motion that results in good dimensional control and consistency of the finished segmented beam 21′, so that the beam segment 21′ is symmetrical and can have a relatively tight sweep at each end. The walls of the continuous beam 21 are preferably well supported by the primary (top) roller 62 during the bending process, since the bending begins to occur at or very close to the top roller 62 and further occurs as the continuous beam 21 is drawn around the top roller 62. By careful and quick adjustment of the subframe 35, the continuous beam 21 ends up with a predictable multi-curved shape, which after being cut into bumper beam segments 21′ eliminates the need for significant amounts of substantial secondary processing to rearwardly deform the ends of the beam 21′.
Especially when a relatively sharp sweep (i.e., small radius sweep) is being formed, maximum control over the walls of the continuous beam 21 is required. This is particularly true when ultra high strength materials are used and/or when different sweeps are being imparted into the continuous beam 21, since these tend to result in greater dimensional variation in the walls. Notably, the axles 31/32 are preferably positioned as close as practical to the axles 27, 28 so that the distance between the rollers is minimized. Of course, the size of the rollers 60, 61, and 62, 63 affects how close the axles 27, 28 and 31, 32 can be positioned. It is noted that angular adjustment of the subframe 35 along path P1 (FIG. 9A) also moves the bottom axle 32 away from the other bottom axle 28. In order to provide extra support between the bottom rollers 61 and 63, a secondary bridge support (either a sliding-type support or a multi-wheel-like roller support) can be added between the rollers 61 and 63 to support the bottom and/or sides of the continuous beam 21 as discussed below. Where a roller-type support is provided, the roller support can rotate about a horizontal or vertical axis of rotation that extends parallel the wall on the beam 21 being supported. (In other words, a rolling support that supports a side wall would rotate about a vertical axis, while a rolling support that supports a bottom wall would rotate about a horizontal axis.) It is noted that additional support can also be added either upstream or downstream of the critical rollers 62 and 63.
It is also important to note that the amount of “wandering”, twisting, snaking, and uncontrolled back-and-forth bending of different walls on the continuous beam 21 can be minimized by maximizing tensile stresses during sweep-forming bending and minimizing compressive forces during sweep-forming bending. We, the present inventors, have discovered that independent drives on each of the axles for independently driving the rollers 60-63 can have a very advantageous effect. By driving each roller 60-63 at optimal speeds, stresses along the various walls of the continuous beam 21 can be optimally controlled. Notably, one reason that it is important to independently control individual roller rotation speeds is because it is not always easy to calculate exactly what speed individual rollers should be driven at. For example, a top roller (62) may contact the beam 21 along a top wall as well as along a bottom wall, such that one of the contact points must necessarily slip a small amount. Secondly, as a sweep is imparted into the continuous beam 21, the speed of rotation of rollers 62 and 63 will change, depending on the sweep. Still further, different cross-sectional shapes will undergo complex bending forces during the sweeping process, such that some on-the-floor adjustment of axle speeds will be necessary while operating the roll mill to determine optimal settings. It is important that compressive stresses be minimized, because compressive stresses (and not tensile stresses) have a greater tendency to cause the walls of the beam to form undulations and wave-like shapes that are difficult to predict or control. Accordingly, the independent drive motors allow the rollers to be rotated at individualized (different) speeds that “pull” top and bottom regions of the beam 21 through the sweep station, yet without causing any of the rollers to slip or spin or to “fight” each other. The drives for the different axles are independently controlled by the computer controller that is also operably connected to the roll mill, such that overall coordinated control of the machine is possible, including all aspects of the sweeping station.
In the illustrated arrangement of FIG. 3, each of the axle shafts 27, 28, 31, 32 are independently driven by an infinitely variable speed drive (e.g., servo motors) controlled by the controller 56. The speeds can be changed on the fly during the roll-forming process in response to a preprogrammed sequence and timing program input into the controller 56. It is contemplated that a speed of the various shafts 27, 28, 31, 32 will be associated with a speed of the roll-forming process and with a position of the rollers relative to the continuous beam 21 (i.e., as affected by the degree of sweeps imparted to the beam 21 by the rollers 62 and 63) on the roll-form apparatus. Multiple different sweeps can be made within individual bumper beam segments 21'(prior to separating the beam segments 21′ from the continuous beam 21). Alternatively, gradually increasing or decreasing sweeps can be made (instead of a constant radius sweep). By making the drive mechanisms and axle speeds independently controlled and the tangential roller speeds at the sweep station different from the roll-forming apparatus, better and more consistent control over sweep radii can be achieved. It is contemplated that an auxiliary roller is not required for the present apparatus, though one can be added, if desired. It is contemplated that the angular position of the roller 63 relative to roller 62 will be controlled by a servo drive controlled by the controller 56. The servo and controller provide speed control in a closed loop integrally tied with the roll-forming apparatus, the speed being a programmable feature of the controller.
The illustrated support is provided in the form of a sliding “bridge” support 70 (FIG. 9A) (also called an “external mandrel” herein). The support 70 has an arcuate shape that generally matches the curved front of the bottom roller 63. In particular, the bridge support 70 is supported by anchoring structure 71 extending below (and/or extending laterally) from the bridge support 70 to the main frame 23. A top of the bridge support 70 may include a smooth hard bearing material able to slidingly engage the bottom surface of the continuous beam 21. Alternatively, a top of the illustrated bridge support 70 may include relatively small diameter roller-pin-like rollers (such as one or two inches in diameter) that rollingly engage and support the continuous beam 21 at locations close to the rollers 62 and 63. Additional support rollers can be positioned to engage sides of the continuous beam 21 at locations either in front of or after the rollers 62 and 63. These additional rollers would have an axis of rotation that extends vertically, and also could be a smaller diameter. The illustrated bridge support 70 has arcuately shaped front and rear surfaces so that it can be positioned as close as possible to the bottom rollers 61 and 63.
Also, it is contemplated that support can be provided inside the tubular beam by an internal mandrel stabilized by an upstream anchor (see FIG. 1, anchor 72), similar to the snake-like internal mandrels taught in Sturrus U.S. Pat. No. 5,092,512. It is noted that an internal mandrel may not be necessary for most bumper cross sections and sweeps . . . especially open beam sections and/or beam sections having a relatively short depth dimension and/or having minimal sweeps (i.e., sweeps that define a large radius).
A pair of actuators 50 (FIG. 3) are operably attached between the main frame 23 and the sweep subframe 35 for angularly adjusting the subframe 35, one being on each side of the subframe 35. Each actuator 50 includes a cylinder 51 (FIG. 5) mounted at one end to a top of the subframe 35, and include an extendable/retractable rod 52 attached at an opposite end to the base 23. When the rod(s) 52 is retracted, the subframe 35 is rotated on the axle 31, thus changing the relative angular position of the subframe 35 about axle 31. (Compare FIGS. 9 and 9A.) Since the axis of rotation is at the center of the top axle 31, stresses are optimally located at a location as far downstream as possible, where the primary roller in the sweep station provides good support for the continuous beam 21. The actuators 50 are connected to a hydraulic circuit 55 (FIG. 3) adapted to provided a variable (but balanced) supply of hydraulic fluid to the cylinders 51. The hydraulic circuit 55 includes a motor or pump operably connected to and controlled by a computer controller 56 for controlling extension and retraction of the actuators 50 in coordination with the roll-forming apparatus 20. (The same computer controller 56 also controls the roll mill and the drives for the different axles of the sweep station.) Sensors can be located on the sweep station as desired for sensing a position of subframe 35 and/or for sensing a position of the continuous beam 21 (such as a locating hole in the beam 21 added for said purpose by the apparatus 19, if desired).
By this arrangement, the degree of sweep (curvature) can be varied in a controlled cyclical/repeated manner as the beam 21′ is being made. For example, this allows the beams 21′ to be given a greater sweep at their ends and a lesser sweep in their center sections immediately“on the fly” while roll-forming the beams. Due to the fast-acting nature of the actuators 50 and the efficient and controlled nature of the sweep station including positioning of the rollers 62, 63, the changing sweeps can be effected quickly and accurately, even with line speeds of 2500 to 5000 feet per hour. Notably, the movement of the roller 63 around the axis of roller 62 imparts a natural wrapping action to the beam 21 as the beam 21 is “drawn” around the roller 62 . . . such that the sweeps formed thereby are well-controlled and the mechanism is durable and robust.
The adjustable bottom roller 63 effectively holds the continuous beam 21 tightly against a downstream side of the circumferential surface of the top roller 62 when the bottom roller 63 is rotated around the axis of the top roller 62. For this reason, the top roller 62 is sometimes called the “forming roller” and the adjustable bottom roller 63 is sometimes called the “pressing roller” or “retaining roller.” It is contemplated that the adjustable bottom roller 63 could potentially be replaced (or supplemented) by a separate holding device designed to grip and hold the continuous beam 21 against (or close to) the circumference of the top roller 62 as the continuous beam 21 wraps itself partially around the top roller 63. For example, the separate holding device could be an extendable pin or rod-like arm that extends under the beam 21 and is carried by rotation of the roller 62 partially around the axle to the roller 62, thus forming a short radius sweep. The “tight” sweep would be long enough such that, when the beam sections 21′ are cut from the continuous beam 21, half of the short radius sweep forms a last section of a (future) beam section 21′ and also the other half forms the first section of a (subsequent future) beam section 21′.
Modification
A modification is described below. In order to reduce redundant discussion, identical and similar components and features are identified by using the same numbers, but with the addition of the letter “F”.
The sweep station 20F (FIG. 12) is substantially similar to the sweep station 20 described above and includes many identical or similar parts. However, the illustrated sweep station 20F includes external mandrels and also internal mandrels that assist controlling walls of the continuous beam 21F during the sweeping process, thus allowing the sweep station 20F to make even tighter sweeps with even greater dimensional accuracy. It is noted that support for the walls of continuous beam 21F can be particularly important when higher strength materials are used to make the beams (especially where walls form corners or closed tubular cavities), such as ultra-high-strength steel and steels of over 80 ksi tensile strength and especially over 120 ksi or over 200 ksi tensile strength. However, it is specifically contemplated that the present invention is not limited to only high-strength materials.
More specifically, the sweep station 20F (FIG. 12) includes a main frame 23F including a bottom plate 24F and vertical mounting plates 25F, upstream top and bottom axles 27F and 28F, upstream rollers 60F and 61F supported on axles 27F and 28F, downstream top and bottom axles 31F and 32F, and downstream rollers 62F and 63F supported on axles 31F and 32F. The bottom axle 32F is mounted on a subframe 35F (also called an “armature”) for rotation about top axle 31F. It is noted that the relative position of the centerlines of the axles 27F, 28F, 31F and 32F depends on the diameter and profile of the respective rollers . . . which in turn are based on a shape of the bumper beam being formed. For example, if the continuous beam 21 F is “D” shaped, then the rollers will be one shape. If the continuous beam is “B” shaped, then the rollers will have a different profile, different size and different shape for optimal support of the walls of the continuous beam when passing through the sweeping station. The illustrated beam is “D” shaped. However, it is contemplated that the present sweep station 20F can make tubular and non-tubular beams of substantially any shape, such as “C” shaped and hat-shaped beam sections. As also discussed below, the external mandrel 82F can be used with or without the bottom roller 63F, and it is noted that it may be preferable not to have a bottom roller 63F for structural reasons since it is difficult to provide good support to the roller.
One or more actuators (including cylinder 51F and extendable rod 52F) are connected to the subframe 35F for rotating the subframe 35F and hence moving the bottom axle 32F along with roller 63F around top axle 31 (in a downstream direction for increasing sweep, and toward a position vertically above axle 31F for decreasing sweep). The illustrated rod 52F is connected to an upwardly extending leg 81F of the subframe 35F, such that retraction of the rod 52F causes the subframe 35F to rotate the axle 32F (and thus rotate the sweep-forming bottom roller 63F) toward a downstream position. The arc of movement causes the roller 63F to move to a higher position where it increasingly engages the continuous beam 21F to cause the beam 21F to wrap further around the top roller 62F, thus causing an increased permanent deformation and greater/sharper sweep.
As known in the art, the rollers 62F and 63F each can be a single individual roller with multi-diameter surface for engaging the beam 21F, or each can be a set of multiple rollers fixed together. The illustrated bottom roller 63F (FIG. 14A) includes at least two rollers spaced apart sufficiently to create a space for the external mandrel 82F to engage a bottom/middle of the continuous beam 21F. There is also closed cavity within the tubular beam 21F that matably receives the internal mandrel 83F.
The internal mandrel 83F (FIG. 13) includes a series of internal mandrel segments 84F connected by pairs of links 85F in a bicycle-chain-like arrangement or snake-like arrangement.
The segments 84F have a cross-sectional shape that fits closely within the internal cavity of the beam 21F (see FIG. 14A), so that the walls of the continuous beam 21F cannot bend inwardly in an uncontrolled manner during sweeping of the beam 21F. Preferably, the segments 84F support the walls of the beam 21F especially near corners where walls joint together, since stability of material at the corners can be particularly important. The illustrated segments 84F include leading and trailing surfaces that are slightly angled to form upwardly-open triangular gaps, so that they can bend like a snake to match a curvature of the sweep being imparted into the continuous beam 21F. For example, notice that a top of the downstream segments 84F in FIG. 13 are relatively close together. The leading (upstream) segment 84F′ is elongated and is attached to an anchor line 87F. The anchor line 87F extends upstream to a location where the beam 21F is not yet formed into a tubular shape. (See anchor 72 in FIG. 1.) If the continuous beam 21F is an open section, such as a C-shaped section, then the anchor can of course be much closer to the sweep station. An anchor arm (i.e., the item at anchor 72 in FIG. 1) extends from a base of the roll form mill's frame and extends into the (partially formed) cavity of the beam 21F. The upstream end of the anchor line 87F is attached to this anchor arm. Thus, the segments 84F are fixed relative to an upstream position, regardless of the position of the lower sweep-forming roller 63F. The segments 84F form a flexible snake that can bend and flex to accommodate whatever sweep is being formed, yet the segments 84F fill the interior cavity of the tubular beam 21F, controlling inward wall movement, as described above.
The external mandrel 82F (FIG. 18) is supported for movement as follows. A sled 90F is slidably mounted on the sweep station base 24F, and an actuator 91F is attached to a downstream end of the sled 90F. The actuator 91F includes a hydraulic cylinder 92F fixed to the sweep station base 24F and includes an extendable rod 93F connected to the sled 90F. A stationary support 94F is fixed to the sweep station base 24F and includes a curved top surface 95F. The top surface 95F defines an arc having a radius R1 with its center point near or on the rotational axis of the top axle 31F. The external mandrel 82F includes snake-like chain of segments 97F, each with a cross-sectional shape configured to engage and support a bottom/middle of the continuous beam 21F. The segments 97F are interconnected by a line of interconnected links 98F that extend through the segments (see FIG. 15) in a bicycle-chain-like arrangement or snake-simulating arrangement. The segments 98F include leading and trailing surfaces that form upwardly-open and/or downwardly-open triangular gaps, thus allowing the chain of segments 97F to flex and bend to match different curvilinear sweeps. The leading segment 97F is attached to the sled 90F, so that the external mandrel 82F (i.e., the chair of segments 97F) can be moved downstream (in a coordinated movement with movement of the sweep-forming bottom rollers 63F to form an increasingly tight sweep in the continuous beam 21F), or can be moved upstream (with coordinated movement of roller 63F) to reduce the sweep.
The external mandrel 82F (FIG. 13) is supported by multiple layers of mandrel supports. It is contemplated that different numbers of layers can be used depending on the requirements of a particular bumper beam forming process. In FIG. 13, three such support layers are shown. The upper layer includes segment-like first supports 99F interconnected by a line of interconnected links 100F that extend through the supports 99F to form a first chain. The intermediate layer includes segment-like second supports 101F interconnected by a line of interconnected links 102F that extend through the supports 101F to form a second chain. The bottom layer includes segment-like third supports 103F interconnected by a line of interconnected links 104F that extend through the supports 103F to form a third chain. The first supports 99F are elongated and positioned so that each one supports two or more segments 97F. The segments 97F are anchored to block 106F. The upstream first support 99F is anchored to the anchor block 107F. The second supports 101F are elongated and positioned so that each one supports at least a portion of the first supports 991F. The upstream second support 101F is anchored to intermediate anchor block 108F. The third supports 103F are elongated and positioned so that each one supports at least a portion of the second supports 101F. The third supports 103F are anchored to a lower anchor block 109F. The blocks 106F-109F are keyed together by keys 109F and 110F, and further are keyed by key 111F to an upstanding portion 112F of the sled 90F. During a change in sweep, the external mandrel 82F and the three support layers (supports 99F, 101F, 103F) slide along the curved surface 95F and thus move around the axis of the top roller 62F. Due to the different radius about which they move, they shift and slide on each other to facilitate their change in curvature. Side rollers 115F (FIG. 14A) are provided that rollingly support opposite sides of the continuous beam 21F (or alternatively, stationary side supports can be provided that slidably support opposite sides of the beam 21F).
It is contemplated that the external mandrel 82F can be eliminated in sweep station 20F when manufacturing some beam products, and/or that the bottom rollers 63F can be eliminated in sweep station 20F, and still the arrangement will still function for its intended purpose. The need for the mandrels and/or rollers depend of course on the materials to be formed, the sweep being imparted to the continuous beam, and other manufacturing and structural considerations of any given product. It is also contemplated that the external mandrel 82F can be positioned between a pair of bottom rollers 63F (see FIG. 14A), or that a pair of external mandrels 82F can be positioned on opposite sides of a center bottom roller (not specifically shown).
It is contemplated that artisans skilled in this art will, upon studying the present disclosure, be able to design a sweep station similar to sweep station 20F, but configured to sweep a multi-tube beam (see the “B” shaped beam 20G in FIG. 14B) and/or configured to sweep an open section beam (see the “C” shaped beam 20H in FIG. 14C).
It is to be understood that variations and modifications can be made on the aforementioned structure without departing from the concepts of the present invention, and further it is to be understood that such concepts are intended to be covered by the following claims unless these claims by their language expressly state otherwise.
Patent Application
20070180880
