Roller Cone Drill Bit With Debris Diverter Plugs

Abstract

A roller cone drill bit having a bit body with at least one support arm extending from the bit body. Each support arm may have an associated spindle extending inwardly. A respective cone assembly may be rotatably disposed on each spindle. At least one diverter plug may be disposed in a hole formed in each support arm. A void space may be formed between one end of each diverter plug and the bottom of the associated hole. At least one fluid flow passageway may extend from the surface of the associated support arm to the void space to allow communication of fluid containing debris with the void space. Rotating action of the roller cone drill bit and associated cone assemblies may force packing of debris into the void space which results in biasing the diverter plug outwardly from the associated hole to contact adjacent portions of the associated cone assembly.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete and thorough understanding of the present embodiments and advantages thereof may be acquired by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers indicate like features, and wherein:

FIG. 1A is a schematic drawing in section and in elevation with portions broken away showing examples of wellbores which may be formed by a roller cone drill bit incorporating teachings of the present disclosure;

FIG. 1B is a schematic drawing in section and in elevation with portions broken away showing the drill string and attached roller cone drill bit of FIG. 1A adjacent to the bottom of a wellbore;

FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing in elevation showing a roller cone drill bit incorporating teachings of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing partially in section and partially in elevation with portions broken away showing a support arm and cone assembly incorporating teachings of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4A is a schematic drawing in section showing portions of a support arm and diverter plug incorporating teachings of the present disclosure with the diverter plug in a first, retracted position;

FIG. 4B is a schematic drawing in section showing portions of the support arm and diverter plug of FIG. 4A with the diverter plug in a second, extended position engaged with adjacent portions of an associated cone assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing in section showing portions of a support arm with a diverter plug extending from the support arm and engaged with adjacent portions of an associated cone assembly in accordance with another embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing showing a plan view with portions broken away of a diverter plug slidably disposed in a hole formed in a support arm in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing showing an isometric view with portions broken away of support arm and diverter plug incorporating teachings of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic drawing showing an isometric view with portions broken away of a support arm and diverter plug incorporating teachings of the present disclosure with the diverter plug disposed adjacent to a diverter groove formed in the support arm;

FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams showing a diverter plug having an internal fluid passage;

FIGS. 10A-D are schematic diagrams of non-cylindrical diverter plugs in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure; and

FIGS. 11A and 11B are schematic diagrams of a rocking plug in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A roller cone drill bit comprising: a bit body having at least one support arm extending therefrom;each support arm having an interior surface and an exterior surface with a spindle extending inwardly from the interior surface;a respective cone assembly rotatably mounted on each spindle;each cone assembly having a backface disposed adjacent to and spaced from the interior surface of the associated support arm;at least one hole formed in the interior surface of each support arm;each hole extending from an opening in the interior surface of the associated support arm to a closed end disposed within the associated support arm;a respective debris diverter plug slidably disposed within each hole;each debris diverter plug having a first end operable to extend from the respective hole and a second end disposed within the respective hole;at least one fluid passageway extending from the interior surface of the associated support arm to a location proximate the second end of the associated debris diverter plug; andeach fluid passage operable to communicate fluid containing debris between the interior surface of the associated support arm and the second end of the diverter plug.

2. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 further comprising: a void space disposed between the second end of each diverter plug and the closed end of the respective hole; andeach void space operable to accumulate debris and bias the associated debris diverter plug to move out of the respective hole to engage the first end of the associated debris diverter plug with the backface of the respective cone assembly.

3. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 further comprising: each debris diverter plug having a first diameter and the associated hole having a second diameter;the first diameter of each debris diverter plug less than the second diameter of the hole;the first diameter of each diverter plug cooperating with the second diameter of the associated hole to allow the first end of the diverter plug to move outwardly from the hole; andthe second diameter of the hole having an enlarged segment operable to form the at least one fluid passageway extending from the exterior surface of the associated support arm to the associated void space proximate the second end of the debris diverter plug.

4. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 further comprising: at least one second fluid passageway formed in the first surface of the associated support arm;each second fluid passageway having a respective first end formed in the interior surface of the associated support arm and space from the associated hole; anda second end of each second fluid passageway communicating with the second end of the respective diverter plug disposed in the associated hole.

5. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 further comprising: a respective hole formed on the interior surface of each support arm adjacent to the leading edge of each support arm and a second hole form on the interior surface of each support arm adjacent to the trailing edge;a debris diverter plug slidably disposed in the first hole and a second debris diverter plug slidably disposed within the second hole; anda respective fluid passageway communicating with a void space proximate the second end of the first diverter plug and the second end of the second diverter plug.

6. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 further comprising each hole having a cross-section slightly larger than the cross-section of the associated debris diverter plug.

7. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 further comprising: at least one machined surface formed on the interior surface of each support arm adjacent to the associated spindle; andeach hole disposed in the machined surface of the associate support arm.

8. The roller drill bit of claim 7 further comprising a debris diverter groove formed in the machined surface and at least a portion of each hole disposed in the associated debris diverter groove.

9. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 further comprising a void space operable to accumulate debris and bias the debris diverter plug to move outwardly from the hole by a build-up of debris in the void space.

10. The roller drill bit of claim 1 wherein at least one debris diverter plug comprises a fluid passage formed an exterior surface thereof operable to communicate fluid containing debris between the first end of the diverter plug and the second end of the diverter plug.

11. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 wherein at least one diverter plug has a triangular cross-section.

12. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 wherein at least one diverter plug has a square cross-section.

13. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 wherein at least one diverter plug has an octagonal cross-section.

14. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 wherein at least one diverter plug has a generally square cross-section with rounded corners.

15. The roller cone drill bit of claim 1 wherein at least one diverter plug comprises a rocking plug.

16. A method to enhance protection of fluid seals and bearing structures associated with a roller cone drill bit while drilling a wellbore using the roller cone drill bit comprising: directing fluid containing downhole debris through at least one passageway extending from an interior surface of a support arm of the drill bit to a void space formed between a closed end of the hole and a second end of a divert plug disposed in the hole; andfilling the void space with debris to bias the diverter plug to move axially relative to the hole until a first end of the diverter plug contacts adjacent portions of a cone assembly rotatably mounted on a spindle extending from the interior surface of the support arm.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising maintaining contact between the first end of the debris diverter plug and adjacent portions of the associated cone assembly during wear of portions of the cone assembly and support arm by packing additional debris in the void space

18. A method of forming a roller cone drill bit having at least one support arm comprising: forming at least one hole extending from an opening in an interior surface of each support arm to a closed end spaced from the interior surface of the support arm;inserting a debris diverter plug having a first end and a second end into each hole with the second end of the associated diverter plug disposed adjacent to the closed end of the associated hole; andforming at least one fluid passageway extending from the interior surface of each support arm to the associated void space formed between the second end of the respective debris diverter plug and the closed end of the associated hole.

19. The method of claim 18 further comprising forming a respective second fluid passageway extending from the interior surface of the support arm to each void space with the respective second fluid passageway offset from the associated first fluid passageway.

20. The method of claim 18 further comprising forming each hole having an inside diameter which is larger than an associated outside diameter of the respective debris diverter plug to provide at least a portion of the first fluid passageway.