Patent Grant
9387526
The present invention relates to a roller leveler for flattening a metal plate, such as a steel plate, and a plate flattening method using the same.
In the process of manufacturing a plate, such as a steel plate, the plate is subjected to rolling and cooling steps, in which the plate undergoes deformation, such as warping and/or waving. Accordingly, in order to remedy the deformation, such as warping and/or waving, and thereby to flatten the plate, a roller leveler is used, which includes a plurality of leveling rolls disposed on upper and lower sides in a staggered manner.
The roller leveler passes a plate to be flattened, with the upper leveling rolls being caused to penetrate between the lower leveling rolls or the lower leveling rolls being caused to penetrate between the upper leveling rolls, to repeatedly apply bending to the plate, and thereby to planarize the warping and/or waving of the plate. In general, a plurality of lower leveling rolls and a plurality of upper leveling rolls are supported by respective roll frames and flattening of a plate is performed by pushing the upper leveling rolls via pressing cylinders (hereinafter also referred to as pushing cylinders) provided both in the entrance side and the discharge side, with the lower leveling rolls fixed.
In the process of flattening a plate, the leveling rolls are driven by driving motors and, upon contact between the leveling rolls and the plate to be flattened, driving force is transmitted to the plate, which is caught between the upper and lower leveling rolls. When this is performed, the amount of penetration, or the penetration amount (hereinafter also referred to as the amount of pressing, or the pressing amount), of the upper leveling rolls by pressing cylinders is set according to various conditions, such as the thickness, material, and shape of the plate, and the diameter and roll pitch of the leveling rolls, so that required flatness is obtained.
In the meantime, the plates to be flattened, which are metal plates, such as steel plates, generally include a plate with wavy deformation, that is, edge waves, at edge portions with respect to the plate width direction. The edge waves occur due to the following three causes:
(1) Unevenness in roll gaps in a rolling step (edge portions are relatively strongly rolled);
(2) Unevenness in cooling after hot rolling; and
(3) Rolling or flattening of the material, in which yield stress in edge portions with respect to the plate width direction is lower than a center portion with respect to the plate width direction.
It is considered as a problem that, when a plate with a thickness of 6 to 10 mm, in which there are edge waves, is subjected to a flattening process using a roller leveler having large-diameter rolls with a diameter of 360 mm or so, the plate is not flattened or the edge waves therein increase. Such a leveler has been used in many cases in recent years. Specifically, since the yield stress in edge portions with respect to the plate width direction is lower than that in a center portion with respect to the plate width direction, the amount of elongation is greater at the edge portions of the plate with respect to the plate width direction. For this reason, even when there is no edge wave before flattening the plate, edge waves can occur during the flattening process. If there were already the edge waves, the degree of unevenness of the edge waves would further increase. Consequently, when a roller leveler that has large-diameter rolls with a diameter of 360 mm or so, it is difficult to flatten the plate with a thickness of 6 to 10 mm, in which there are the edge waves, or the plate with a thickness of 6 to 10 mm, in which the range of variation in yield stress is greater than 50 MPa or so in the plate width direction even though there is no edge wave.
A method of flattening a plate, in which the plate is flattened while the leveling rolls are bent in the longitudinal direction, is proposed as a technology for flattening a plate with a thickness of 6 to 10 mm, in which there are edge waves that are wavy deformation in edge portions of the plate with respect to the plate width direction (see Patent Document 1 or 2, for example).
When the leveling rolls are small-diameter rolls with a diameter of 190 to 230 mm or so, the rigidity of the leveling rolls is low and it is therefore possible to bend the leveling rolls in the longitudinal direction. However, when the leveling rolls are large-diameter rolls with a diameter of 360 mm or so, which have been used in many cases in recent years, the rigidity of the leveling rolls is high and it is therefore difficult to bend the leveling rolls, which in turn makes it difficult to use the technologies as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, or the like.
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances. An object of the present invention is to provide a roller leveler, with which it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of edge waves in a metal plate, such as a steel plate, that is caused by the variation in yield stress in the plate width direction, or it is possible to effectively eliminate edge waves in the plate irrespective of the magnitude of the variation in yield stress in the plate width direction, even when the diameter of leveling rolls is large, and a plate flattening method using such a roller leveler.
In order to solve the above problem, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a roller leveler for flattening a plate by passing the plate through a pass line is provided, the roller leveler including: a leveling roll unit having a plurality of leveling rolls arranged on upper and lower sides of the pass line in a staggered manner and configured to rotate so as to pass the plate while flattening the plate sandwiched therebetween; a pushing cylinder provided at each of an entrance side and a discharge side of the leveling roll unit, at which the plate enters and is discharged, respectively, and configured to press the plate via the leveling rolls; and a driving mechanism configured to rotate the leveling rolls to pass the plate, wherein at least one of the plurality of leveling rolls has a stepped structure, the at least one of the plurality of leveling rolls including a lateral center portion with a large diameter, corresponding to a center portion of the plate with respect to a plate width direction, and a lateral end portion with a small diameter, corresponding to an edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction.
In the above roller leveler, a configuration may be adopted, in which the plurality of leveling rolls include a plurality of upper leveling rolls that are arranged above the pass line and a plurality of lower leveling rolls that are arranged below the pass line, wherein at least one of the lower leveling rolls has the stepped structure. In this case, it is preferable that two or more of the lower leveling rolls from one end of the leveling roll unit have the stepped structure.
A configuration may be adopted, in which the leveling roll unit includes the leveling roll or rolls having the stepped structure at one end side of the leveling roll unit, and, at the other end side of the leveling roll unit, includes the leveling roll or rolls having a straight form only, flattening of the plate is performed with the one end side being the entrance side when a variation Δσ in yield stress in the plate in the plate width direction satisfies a relation, Δσ>0.08×σMAX, and/or there are edge waves in the plate, and flattening of the plate is performed with the other end side being the entrance side when a relation, Δσ≦0.08×σMAX, is satisfied and there is no edge wave in the plate, wherein Δσ is equal to σMAX−σMIN, σMAX is the maximum value of yield stress in the plate width direction, and σMIN is the minimum value of yield stress in the plate width direction.
A configuration may be adopted, in which length of the lateral center portion of the leveling roll having the stepped structure and length of the lateral end portion thereof are set according to width and material of the plate to be flattened, and a heat-treatment condition. A configuration may be adopted, in which the leveling roll having the stepped structure is configured so that the lateral end portion thereof is capable of being fitted with a ring having a diameter the same as that of the lateral center portion thereof so that length of the lateral center portion thereof is adjustable with the use of the ring.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plate flattening method of flattening a plate with the use of a roller leveler, in which the plate is passed through a pass line to flatten the plate, is provided, the roller leveler including: a leveling roll unit having a plurality of leveling rolls arranged on upper and lower sides of the pass line in a staggered manner; a pushing cylinder provided at each of an entrance side and a discharge side of the leveling roll unit, at which the plate enters and is discharged, respectively, and configured to press the plate via the leveling rolls; and a driving mechanism configured to rotate the leveling rolls to pass the plate, the plate flattening method including: sandwiching the plate between the plurality of leveling rolls; and rotating the leveling rolls while the pushing cylinder presses the plate via the leveling rolls to pass and flatten the plate, wherein at least one of the plurality of leveling rolls has a stepped structure, the at least one of the plurality of leveling rolls including a lateral center portion with a large diameter, corresponding to a center portion of the plate with respect to a plate width direction, and a lateral end portion with a small diameter, corresponding to an edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction, whereby, when the plate is flattened, the pressing amount at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction is greater than the pressing amount at the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction to suppress occurrence of edge waves at the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction and/or eliminate edge waves present at the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction.
In the above plate flattening method, a configuration may be adopted, in which the plurality of leveling rolls include a plurality of upper leveling rolls that are arranged above the pass line and a plurality of lower leveling rolls that are arranged below the pass line, wherein at least one of the lower leveling rolls has the stepped structure. In this case, it is preferable that two or more of the lower leveling rolls from one end of the leveling roll unit have the stepped structure.
A configuration may be adopted, in which the leveling roll unit includes the leveling roll or rolls having the stepped structure at one end side of the leveling roll unit, and, at the other end side of the leveling roll unit, includes the leveling roll or rolls having a straight form only, when a variation Δσ in yield stress in the plate in the plate width direction satisfies a relation, Δσ>0.08×σMAX, and/or there are edge waves in the plate, flattening of the plate is performed with the one end side being the entrance side so that the pressing amount at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction is greater than the pressing amount at the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction to suppress occurrence of the edge waves at the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction and/or eliminate the edge waves present at the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction with the use of the leveling roll or rolls having the stepped structure, and, when a relation, Δσ≦0.08×σMAX, is satisfied and there is no edge wave in the plate, flattening of the plate is performed with the other end side being the entrance side so that the elongation of the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction and the elongation of the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction are almost equal to each other, wherein Δσ is equal to σMAX−σMIN, σMAX is the maximum value of yield stress in the plate width direction, and σMIN is the minimum value of yield stress in the plate width direction.
A configuration may be adopted, in which length of the lateral center portion of the leveling roll having the stepped structure and length of the lateral end portion thereof are set according to width and material of the plate to be flattened, and a heat-treatment condition. A configuration may be adopted, in which the leveling roll having the stepped structure is configured so that the lateral end portion thereof is capable of being fitted with a ring having a diameter the same as that of the lateral center portion thereof so that length of the lateral center portion thereof is adjustable with the use of the ring according to width and material of the plate to be flattened, and a heat-treatment condition.
According to the present invention, at least one of the plurality of leveling rolls has a stepped structure, the at least one of the plurality of leveling rolls including a lateral center portion with a large diameter, corresponding to a center portion of the plate with respect to a plate width direction, and a lateral end portion with a small diameter, corresponding to an edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction, so that the pressing amount (penetration amount) at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction is greater than the pressing amount at the edge portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction and the path length of flattening processing is longer at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction as compared to those at the edge portions thereof. This makes the elongation of the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction relatively large. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the elongation at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction by reducing the pressing amount (penetration amount) at the edge portions of the plate with respect to the plate width direction, at which the yield stress is small and elongation is therefore easily caused, as compared to the pressing amount at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction in case that the variation in yield stress of the plate in the plate width direction is large. Thus, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of edge waves in the plate during the flattening process even when large-diameter leveling rolls having high rigidity are used. Even when edge waves have already occurred in the plate, it is possible to reduce the pressing amount (penetration amount) at the edge portions with respect to the plate width direction, at which there are edge waves, to reduce the elongation of the corresponding part of the plate P irrespective of the magnitude of the variation in yield stress, so that it is possible to eliminate the edge waves even when large-diameter leveling rolls having high rigidity are used.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Provided between the upper roll frame 5 and the lower roll frame 10 is a leveling roll unit 20 including a plurality of upper leveling rolls 6, a plurality of first lower leveling rolls 8a, and a plurality of second lower leveling rolls 8b that are arranged on upper and lower sides in a staggered manner so as to form a pass line of a plate P, which is a metal plate, such as a steel plate, between the upper leveling rolls 6 and the first and second lower leveling rolls 8a and 8b. In the leveling roll unit 20, the upper leveling rolls 6 are supported by the upper roll frame 5 under the upper roll frame 5, and the first lower leveling rolls 8a and the second lower leveling rolls 8b are supported by the lower roll frame 10 above the lower roll frame 10. Guide rolls 14 for guiding the plate P are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the leveling roll unit 20 with respect to the transfer direction, in which the plate P is transferred. The upper leveling rolls 6 and the first and second lower leveling rolls 8a and 8b are configured to be rotated forward and backward by a driving mechanism 15 and can perform leveling of the plate P while passing the plate P in the forward and backward directions, indicated by the direction A and the direction B in
As shown in
The diameter of the lateral center portions of the second lower leveling rolls 8b is the same as the diameter of the upper leveling rolls 6 and the diameter of the first lower leveling rolls 8a.
In this embodiment, the number of the upper leveling rolls 6 is four, the number of the first lower leveling rolls 8a, which are disposed at one end side of the leveling roll unit 20, is two, and the number of the second lower leveling rolls 8b, which are disposed at the other end side of the leveling roll unit 20, is three.
A plurality of short-length upper backup rolls 7 for backing up the upper leveling rolls 6 are arranged along the axial direction of the upper leveling rolls 6 on the upper side of the upper leveling rolls 6 so as to be supported by the upper roll frame 5. A plurality of short-length lower backup rolls 9 for backing up the first and second lower leveling rolls 8a and 8b are arranged along the axial direction of the first and second lower leveling rolls 8a and 8b on the lower side of the first and second lower leveling rolls 8a and 8b so as to be supported by the lower roll frame 10.
Pressing cylinders (also referred to as “pushing cylinders” as described above) 4a and 4b for applying pressing force (hereinafter also referred to as “pushing force”) to flatten the plate P are arranged at end portions of the leveling roll unit 20 with respect to the transfer direction of the plate P, between the housing 1 and the upper frame 2. The pressing cylinders 4a and 4b, each including two cylinders, are provided at two ends with respect to the width direction of the plate P (see
Note that, in this specification, the term “press” is intended to include not only a case where the pressure is applied downward as shown in
The pressing cylinders 4a and 4b are configured to press down the plate P via the upper roll frame 5, the upper backup rolls 7, and the upper leveling rolls 6 toward the first and second lower leveling rolls 8a and 8b provided on the lower roll frame 10 in a stationary manner. Note that the upper leveling rolls 6 may be provided in a stationary manner and the first and second lower leveling rolls 8a and 8b may be pressed by the pressing cylinders, that is, pressing is performed upward by the pushing cylinders.
When the plate P is transferred into the leveling roll unit 20 in the direction A, the pressing cylinder 4a-side is the entrance side and the plate P is inserted between the upper leveling rolls 6 and the second lower leveling rolls 8b. In this case, each of the pressing cylinders 4a functions as the entrance-side pressing cylinder and each of the pressing cylinders 4b functions as the discharge-side pressing cylinder. On the other hand, when the plate P is transferred into the leveling roll unit 20 in the direction B, the pressing cylinder 4b-side is the entrance side and the plate P is inserted between the upper leveling rolls 6 and the first lower leveling rolls 8a. In this case, each of the pressing cylinders 4b functions as the entrance-side pressing cylinder and each of the pressing cylinders 4a functions as the discharge-side pressing cylinder.
In this embodiment, a control unit 30 performs control of components of the roller leveler 100, that is, for example, control of the amount of penetration, which is also referred to as the pressing amount as described above, of the upper leveling rolls 6 via the pressing cylinders 4a and 4b, and control of the driving mechanism.
Next, description will be given of operation performed when the plate P is flattened by the roller leveler 100 configured as described above.
The plate P is transferred from the upstream side of the leveling roll unit 20 of the roller leveler 100 to the leveling roll unit 20, with the plate P being guided by the guide roll 14, and is flattened in the leveling roll unit 20.
The penetration depth (pressing amount) for the pressing cylinders 4a and 4b that is required to flatten the plate P according to the thickness etc. of the plate P is set in the control unit 30 and the flattening of the plate P is performed according to the set penetration depth (pressing amount). The pressing amount (penetration amount) is set so that the amount is the largest at the entrance-side end and decreases in the direction of the discharge side.
In a case where the thickness of the plate P to be flattened is in the range of 6 to 10 mm and the variation in yield stress of the plate P in the plate width direction is large (Δσ=σMAX−σMIN>0.08×σMAX), when flattening is performed using leveling rolls with a large diameter of 360 mm or so, the amount of elongation is greater at the edge portion of the plate, with respect to the plate width direction, at the side, at which the yield stress is relatively small. For this reason, even when there is no edge wave before flattening the plate P, edge waves can occur during the flattening process. If there are edge waves, the degree of unevenness of the edge waves can further increase. Even when the variation in yield stress in the plate width direction of the plate P is small, edge waves can occur when the degree of rolling of the edge portions is greater than that of the center portion with respect to the plate width direction. It is difficult to flatten the plate, in which there are edge waves, with the use of leveling rolls with a large diameter of 360 mm or so.
In this embodiment, therefore, the second lower leveling rolls 8b having a stepped structure, each of which has the lateral center portion 21 with a large diameter and the lateral end portions 22 with a small diameter, are disposed at the pressing cylinder 4a-side. In a case, for example, where the variation in yield stress of the plate P in the plate width direction is large, more specifically, in a case where the plate P satisfies one of the following conditions (1) to (3), the plate P is transferred in the direction A and inserted between the upper leveling rolls 6 and the second lower leveling rolls 8b to flatten the plate P; the pressing cylinder 4a-side is the entrance side in this case. (1) The relation, Δσ=σMAX−σMIN>0.08×σMAX (Δσ is approximately 50 MPa or more in a typical case), is satisfied, where the maximum value of yield stress in the plate width direction is σMAX and the minimum value thereof is σMIN, and there is no edge wave. (2) The relation, Δσ=σMAX−σMIN≦0.08×σMAX, is satisfied indicating that the variation in yield stress is small, and there are edge waves because, for example, the edge portions are strongly rolled as compared to the center portion in the plate width direction. (3) Both are satisfied. That is, the relation, Δσ=σMAX−σMIN>0.08×σMAX, is satisfied and there are edge waves. Note that, in the case where the condition (1) is satisfied, since there is no edge wave, it is determined whether the pressing cylinder 4a-side or the pressing cylinder 4b-side is the entrance side, based on the information on the variation in yield stress of the plate P to be flattened, which information is obtained in advance.
In the case where the plate P is pressed by the second lower leveling rolls 8b, as shown in
Accordingly, it is possible to increase the elongation at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction by reducing the pressing amount (penetration amount) at the edge portions of the plate with respect to the plate width direction, at which the yield stress is small and elongation is therefore easily caused, as compared to the pressing amount at the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction in case that the variation in yield stress of the plate P in the plate width direction is large (Δσ=σMAX−σMIN>0.08×σMAX). Thus, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of edge waves in the plate P during the flattening process even when large-diameter leveling rolls having high rigidity are used. Even when edge waves have already occurred in the plate P, it is possible to reduce the pressing amount (penetration amount) at the edge portions with respect to the plate width direction, at which there are edge waves, to reduce the elongation of the corresponding part of the plate P irrespective of the magnitude of the variation in yield stress, so that it is possible to eliminate the edge waves even when large-diameter leveling rolls having high rigidity are used.
Note that, as described above, the lengths of the lateral center portion 21 and the lateral end portions 22 of each of the second lower leveling rolls 8b having the stepped structure are set according to the width and material of the plate P to be flattened, heat-treatment conditions, etc. Specifically, since the position, at which the edge waves occur, depends on the width of the plate P, and the width of the edge waves that can occur depends on the material of the plate P and the heat-treatment conditions, it is necessary to set the lengths of the lateral center portion 21 and the lateral end portions 22 according to these conditions.
In the case where the variation in yield stress in the plate width direction of the plate P is small (Δσ=σMAX−σMIN≦0.08×σMAX) and there is no edge wave, it is possible to perform flattening with the use of normal leveling rolls. Such a plate P is therefore transferred into the leveling roll unit 20, in which the straight, first lower leveling rolls 8a are disposed at the pressing cylinder 4b side, which is the entrance side, and flattening is performed so as to make the elongation of the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction and the elongation of the edge portions thereof almost equal to each other. In this case, when the plate P is being transferred in the direction A, the plate P is passed through the leveling roll unit 20 without processing while the upper leveling rolls 6 are kept raised, and then the transfer direction of the plate P is changed to the direction B and the plate P is transferred into the leveling roll unit 20.
In this way, it is possible to perform an ordinary flattening process with the use of the straight leveling rolls, with which it is possible to obtain even elongation between the lateral center portion and the lateral end portions in the entrance side area, in which the pressing amount (penetration amount) is large. While the second lower leveling rolls 8b having the stepped structure are disposed at the latter stage portion, the pressing amount (penetration amount) is small at the latter stage portion and it is therefore possible to keep the effect small.
As described above, it is possible to perform flattening by a single leveler irrespective of whether the variation in yield stress in the plate width direction is large or small, by changing the side, on which the plate P is transferred into the leveling roll unit 20.
Next, another embodiment will be described.
In the case of the above-described second lower leveling rolls 8b, it is necessary to change the width of the lateral center portion 21 according to the width and material of the plate P, heat-treatment conditions, etc., which necessitates to prepare the second lower leveling rolls 8b corresponding to varieties of plates P and perform replacement of the second lower leveling rolls 8b, which may be very troublesome.
In this embodiment, therefore, the width of the lateral center portion 21 of each of the second lower leveling rolls 8b is variable so as to make it possible to deal with the change in the width and material of the plate P, the heat-treatment conditions, etc. Specifically, as shown in
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various modifications can be made. For example, while the above embodiment illustrates an example, in which part of the lower leveling rolls have the stepped structure, the upper leveling rolls may have the stepped structure, or alternatively, the upper and lower leveling rolls may have the stepped structure. From the viewpoint of the ease in changing the rolls, however, it is preferable that the lower leveling rolls have the stepped structure. While an example has been illustrated, in which the three lower leveling rolls at one end of the leveling roll unit have the stepped structure, the number of the leveling rolls having the stepped structure may be at least one and in the case of plural stepped rolls, the arrangement thereof may be determined as desired, as long as it is possible to increase the elongation of the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction. When two or more lower leveling rolls from one end of the leveling roll unit have the stepped structure, the elongation of the center portion of the plate with respect to the plate width direction is effectively increased while keeping the ease of changing the rolls. The leveling rolls (both of or one of the upper leveling rolls and the lower leveling rolls) at both ends of the leveling roll unit may have the stepped structure when it is intended to flatten such plates only that have large variation in yield stress.
While the above embodiment illustrates an example of a roller leveler, in which the number of leveling rolls arranged on upper and lower sides is nine in total, the number of the leveling rolls is not limited to this number. While the above embodiment shows a case where a plate is flattened by pressing the upper leveling rolls by the pressing cylinders (that is, by pushing downward with the use of the pushing cylinders), a plate may be flattened by pressing the lower leveling rolls by the pressing cylinders (that is, by pushing upward with the use of the pushing cylinders).
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2012-101004 | Apr 2012 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/060621 | 4/8/2013 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013/161555 | 10/31/2013 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20150128675 A1 | May 2015 | US |
