Patent Grant
7370682
This Application is a national application of and claims the benefit of priority from Singapore Application No. 200305892-2 which was filed on Oct. 6, 2003.
The present invention relates to segmented panel shutters, including doors, for removably closing over an opening (for example a portal or door opening), or for providing a removable protective cover over another closure such as a door or window (for example for providing greater security against unauthorised intruders or protection against weather extremes). The rolling shutter or door is typically guided by sliding engagement of its opposite parallel edges by parallel guides and may be rolled up about a cylindrical roller or drum when not closed over the opening or other closure.
Rolling doors of the prior art have linked panels or segments that can be drawn away from an opening and rolled around a cylinder or drum.
Singapore Patent SG 54616 describes a transparent rolling door having panels that are each made up from sections of transparent plastics material. Brackets fitted to the top edge of each panel engage complementary brackets fitted to the bottom edge of the next panel above to link the panels together. The engagement of the brackets allows the linked panels to wrap around a roller. The brackets, which may be made from extruded aluminium, are attached to the panel edges, for example by screws.
U.S. Patent Application No. 2003/0037888 describes a roller shutter having transparent panels made from a synthetic resin. Adjacent panels are hinged together by the engagement of fitted caps or integrally-formed rounded edges, along the long edges of each panel, in respective C-shaped slots of a hinge member. The short edges of each panel and hinge member slide in a pair of guide rails. The hinging angle of adjacent panels is limited to ensure the shutter slides smoothly without jamming in the guide rails.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,422,289 describes a rolling shutter assembly in which adjacent slats are pivotally linked together in pairs, each pair being linked to adjacent pairs of slats by a hinge member. The relative rotation at the pivotal link between slats is restricted to ensure that, as the shutter is unrolled, each slat collapses onto its adjacent lower slat in the desired V-shaped pattern. Upward movement of an upper slat is restricted by engagement with a bracket to prevent the shutter from being opened by lifting from a lower slat, and to prevent upper slats from riding up when a force is applied to flatten the V-shapes of the hinged slats. The width, ie height, of one of the slats is selected or is adjustable to match the height of the shutter to that of the opening over which the shutter is fitted.
The object of at least one aspect of the present invention is to provide a rolling shutter which, when closed, is automatically secured to resist unauthorised opening but which slides freely upward when an upper part of the shutter is lifted from above.
In broad terms a first aspect of the invention may be said to be a shutter for a rolling shutter assembly, the shutter including a series of shutter panels, each panel having first and second opposite substantially straight edges, wherein
The angular pivotal range of at least one of said pivotal attachments may be constrained to maintain the pivotal axis of the second pivotal attachment offset to one side of an imaginary plane in which the pivotal axes of the first and third pivotal attachments lie.
In a first alternative of the shutter, each shutter panel has a substantially planar portion which extends between said first and second edges of the shutter panel, and each of the first and second edges of each shutter panel is terminated by a bead which extends along the respective edge and has a partly circular transverse cross-sectional outline.
The shutter panels of the first alternative of the shutter may be made from aluminium or an aluminium alloy, and are preferably extruded.
Alternatively, the shutter panels may be made from a plastics material, and preferably from a substantially transparent polycarbonate material.
Optionally, the substantially planar portion of each shutter panel is made from glass and each beaded edge is provided by fitting a capping having a C-shaped transverse cross-section to the planar glass portion, along each of said first and second edges of the panel, the C-shaped cross-section having a substantially circular outline.
Preferably, the glass is tempered and the C-shaped capping is an extrusion of aluminium or aluminium alloy which is attached to the planar glass portion using an adhesive.
Preferably, each hinge member is elongate and has a transverse cross-section which is substantially constant along the length of the hinge member, the first and second edges of the first hinge member and the second edge of the second hinge member are each shaped to form a socket with a partly circular transverse cross-section, a bead extends along the first edge of the second hinge member and has a partly circular transverse cross-sectional outline, and said pivotal attachments are provided by respective engagement of said beads inside said sockets.
Preferably, each hinge member is extruded from aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
Preferably, the beads and sockets are configured to provide the constraint.
In a second alternative of the shutter, each shutter panel has a substantially planar portion which extends between said first and second edges of the shutter panel, and the first and second edges of the shutter panels are each terminated by a curved portion which extends along the respective edge.
The shutter panels of the second alternative may be made from sheet steel, and are preferably rolled.
Preferably each hinge member is elongate and has a transverse cross-section which is substantially constant along the length of the respective hinge member, the first and second edges of the first hinge member and the first and second edges of the second hinge member are each shaped with a curved portion which extends along the length of the respective edge, and said first, second and third pivotal attachments are provided by engagement of respective pairs of said curved portions.
Each hinge member may be made from sheet steel.
In broad terms a second aspect of the invention may be said to be a rolling shutter assembly, the assembly including the shutter of the first aspect and the preferences and options of the first aspect, the assembly also including a pair of substantially vertical guide tracks and a shutter support, wherein the shutter has a pair of opposite substantially parallel side edges which are substantially perpendicular to said first and second edges of the shutter panels and are engaged respectively in the guide tracks when the shutter is closed, the shutter support is located in the vicinity spanning the upper ends of the guide tracks, the shutter support rotates about an axis that is substantially parallel to said edges of the shutter panels, and when the shutter is opened the shutter is retracted from the guide tracks and rolled about the shutter support.
Preferably, each vertical guide track has a pair of parallel side walls, and said side edges of the shutter slide up or down between said track walls of a respective vertical track to guide the shutter as it moves between opened and closed states.
Preferably, each pair of first and second hinge members pivotally connecting adjacent shutter panels in said series is configured to open when an upwardly directed force is applied to the upper edge of the upper one of said pair of hinge members while a downwardly directed force is applied to the lower edge of the lower one of said pair of hinge members and, when thus opened, to be dimensioned to be freely slidable up or down between each pair of parallel side walls of the guide tracks, and said pair of first and second hinge members is configured to close when a downwardly directed force is applied to the upper edge of the upper one of said pair of hinge members while an upwardly directed force is applied to the lower edge of the lower one of said pair of hinge members and, when thus forced toward a closed configuration, is dimensioned to jam between each pair of parallel side walls of the guide tracks.
Preferably, the upper edge of the upper one of each said pair of hinge members and the lower edge of the lower one of each said pair of hinge members lie on a substantially common plane when each said pair of hinge members is jammed between the parallel walls of the guide tracks.
The invention may further be said to consist in any alternative combination of parts or features mentioned herein or shown in the accompanying drawings. Known equivalents of these parts or features which are not expressly set out are nevertheless deemed to be included.
It will be appreciated that a rolling shutter and an assembly including such a shutter may be implemented in various forms. Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only and without intending to be limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:
In this description, various features are referred to by relative positions or orientations; for example, by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “bottom” and “rearward”. These and similar references are given to aid in the understanding of the invention when the rolling shutter assembly or its components are generally in the orientations shown in the figures. The invention may be conveniently used in this orientation, i.e. with vertical guide tracks so that the shutter, when closed, is vertical. However, the invention is not limited to this particular orientation.
Like components or features are labelled with like numerals throughout the figures.
The shutter includes a series of shutter panels 3, some alternatives of which are shown in more details in
Each hinge member 7, 8 has a pair of opposite substantially straight, parallel edges. The lower edge 5 of each shutter panel 3 is pivotally attached to the upper edge 9 of an upper hinge member 7. The lower edge 10 of the upper hinge member 7 is pivotally attached to the upper edge 11 of the lower hinge member 8, the lower edge 12 of the lower hinge member 8 is pivotally attached to the upper edge 4 of the shutter panel 3A which is adjacent, or next lower in the series, to the shutter panel 3.
Each shutter panel has a planar middle portion 13 extending between the upper and lower edges 4, 5 of the panel. Each of the upper and lower edges 4, 5 of each shutter panel is terminated by a bead 14 which extends along the respective edge. The bead 14 has a transverse cross-sectional outline that is a part circle.
In a further alternative shutter panel, the middle planar portion 13 is a sheet of glass 15 (a fragment of which is shown in
The shutter panels and the hinge members 7, 8 are generally elongate with a length sufficient to span the generally horizontal width of the opening to be closed by the shutter and engage the generally vertical guide tracks at each side of the opening. Each of the panels and hinge members has a transverse cross-section that is constant along their length. The hinge members 7, 8 are preferably each extruded from aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
As best seen in
As best seen in
One or both of the hinge members 7, 8 may be provided with a distinguishing mark, for example groove 26 provided on arm 25 of the upper hinge member 7. The distinguishing mark or marks can be used to distinguish the two hinge members from one another and to indicate orientation. Such a distinguishing mark can help ensure correct assembly of the shutter components. The groove 26 plays no part in the operation of the shutter once assembled.
Each of the sockets pivotally engages a respective bead to allow the shutter to wrap around a roller (not shown and which, in a complete shutter door assembly, is mounted in the vicinity of the upper end of the guide tracks 2) and to permit the shutter panels 3 and hinge members 7, 8 to lie in a zig-zag arrangement in the guide tracks when the shutter is closed.
The sockets 20, 23 of the hinge members pivot about the beads 14 on the upper and lower edges 4, 5 of the shutter panels 3 but limit the range of pivotal rotation of the hinge members 7, 8 relative to the respective adjacent shutter panels 3. This constraint in the angular pivotal range forces the zig-zagging hinge members in the guide tracks to maintain an offset of the axis of the pivotal attachment between adjacent hinge members to one side of an imaginary plane joining the pivotal axes of those hinge members to adjacent panels. That is, the two hinge members are always in a bent or folded configuration: the constraint prevents them from straightening out; or from becoming co-planar. This configuration may be seen in
The distal ends of the arms of the hinge member sockets 20, 23 engage the planar portion 13 of the shutter panel 3 where it meets the bead 14 to provide a limit to the pivotal rotation of the hinge members when straightening out relative to the shutter panels.
The shutter includes a series of shutter panels 103, 103A more details of which are shown in
Adjacent shutter panels in the series are pivotally connected together by a two-part folding hinge 106. Each hinge 106 has upper and lower elongate hinge members 107, 108 which are pivotally linked together and are shown in more detail in
Each hinge member 107, 108 has a pair of opposite substantially straight, parallel rolled edges. Each of the upper and lower edges 109, 110, 111, 112 of each hinge member 107, 108 is rolled to an almost closed curve as may be best appreciated from
Each shutter panel has a planar middle portion 113 extending between the upper and lower rolled edges 104, 105 of the panel: Each of-the upper and lower edges 104, 105 of each shutter panel is rolled to an almost closed curve as may be best appreciated from
The lower edge 105 of a shutter panel 103 is pivotally attached to the upper edge 109 of an upper hinge member 107. The lower edge 110 of the upper hinge member 107 is pivotally attached to the upper edge 111 of the lower hinge member 108, the lower edge 112 of the lower hinge member 108 is pivotally attached to the upper edge 104 of the shutter panel 103A which is adjacent, or next lower in the series, to the shutter panel 103.
The curved edge portions of the panels and upper and lower hinge members are preferably rolled with an orientation that does not encourage the collection and accumulation of dirt and water in the pivotal attachments between edges of the panels and hinge members. For example, the cross-sectional views of
The shutter panels 103, 103A and the hinge members 107, 108 are generally elongate with a length sufficient to span the generally horizontal width of the opening to be closed by the shutter and engage the generally vertical guide tracks 2 at each side of the opening. Each of the panels and hinge members has a transverse cross-section that is substantially constant along their length. The shutter panels 103, 103A and hinge members 107, 108 are preferably shaped by roll forming a flat sheet. The flat sheet may be a strip of suitable width drawn from a bulk roll as is well known in the art. The strip is preferably steel, and more preferably coated e.g. by a galvanising zinc and/or a paint finish.
The direction, extent and radii of the curvature of the rolled edges are such that adjacent panels and hinge members can be coupled together for pivoting about one another to allow the shutter to wrap around a roller (not shown and which, in a complete shutter door assembly, is mounted in the vicinity of the upper end of the guide tracks 2) and to permit the shutter panels 103, 103A and hinge members 107, 108 to lie in a zig-zag arrangement in the guide tracks when the shutter is closed.
Each of the guide tracks 2 is generally U-shaped, having opposite parallel front and rear walls 30, 31. The front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 are joined by a third, linking wall 32, as may be best appreciated from
The upper end of the shutter is attached to a roller (not shown) located in the vicinity of the upper end of the guide tracks 2. The roller axis is aligned parallel to the elongate direction of the shutter panels and hinge members. The roller rotates about its axis and the shutter wraps around the roller as the shutter rises (i.e. retracts from the shutter opening) to open the space between the guide tracks. The roller rotates about its axis and the shutter unwraps from the roller as the shutter falls, to close the shutter over the opening between the guide tracks. In the preferred and usual application the guide tracks are vertical and the roller axis is horizontal.
When the shutter assembly is closed, i.e. the lower part of the shutter is resting on a supporting surface, such as the ground or sill at the bottom of the shutter opening, the weight of the shutter above each hinge causes the hinge to fold and zigzag across the full internal width between the front and rear walls of each guide track as shown in
Each hinge 6, 106 is dimensioned so that when folded it jams between the opposing inside surfaces of the front and rear walls 30, 31. As the shutter is lowered, each hinge jams automatically as the hinge bears the weight of the higher shutter parts that are then lowered onto it. This jamming action resists an attempt to open the shutter by lifting from below. Each hinge 6, 106, when jammed as described above, will resist an attempt to open the shutter by lifting the shutter from a point below the hinge. Such an attempt only forces further folding of the hinge which only jams the hinge more tightly between the front and rear walls of the guide track. The depth dimension of each hinge member 7, 8, 107, 108 is such that, as the hinge 6, 106 folds, the hinge jams between the front and rear guide track walls 30, 31 before the hinge can become fully folded.
It is desirable that the hinge members of each hinge fold to a configuration having an acute included angle therebetween, so that edges of the hinge members are forced against the walls of the guide tracks at an angle that is almost perpendicular to the walls. This enhances the frictional jamming action, and also reduces the height of the folded hinge and the visual impact of the hinge on the overall appearance of the shutter when closed. The appearance of the closed shutter is then predominantly that of the planar portions of the shutter panels which, if made of transparent plastic or glass as in the case of the panels described with reference to
The jamming action also restrains the shutter against horizontal movement perpendicular to the shutter and stops the shutter from rattling in the guide tracks such as when wind or an unbalanced air pressure acts on the shutter.
Furthermore, the jamming action resists the tendency of the zigzagging shutter to flatten and rise when a force is applied perpendicularly to the general plane of the shutter.
A part or all of the inside surface of each of the front and rear walls 30, 31 of the guide tracks 2 can be lined, e.g. with a plastic or rubber strip 30A, 31A, to increase friction between them and the upper and lower edges of the hinge members to improve the jamming action. The strips may be resilient and/or may have a textured surface to enhance frictional engagement between the strip and hinge members. The inside surface of each of the three walls 30, 31, 32 of the guide tracks 2 can be lined, e.g. with plastic or rubber, to prevent metal-to-metal contact between the hinge members and the walls of the guide tracks. This lining can also help reduce the noise caused by the movement of the shutter assembly in the track, e.g. during opening and closing of the shutter.
When the shutter is lifted from above, such as by rotating the roller to open the shutter, each folded hinge tends to straighten and automatically un-jam as the top edge of its upper hinge member is lifted. As noted above, the hinges can be constrained to not straighten completely. This configuration is shown in
When a hinge is jammed in vertical guide tracks, e.g. when the shutter is closed, the upper edge of the upper member of the hinge and the lower edge of the lower member of the hinge lie on a common vertical plane. This configuration is shown in
The lower end of the shutter is provided with a bottom rail 33, 133 as seen in
In the bottom rail 33 of
A hollow 35, having a concave, generally semicircular, transverse cross-section, extends along the underside of the bottom rail 33. The hollow 35 accommodates a circularly cross-sectioned tubular weather seal 36, which is shown in detail in the cross-sectional view of
The bottom rail 133, of
The foregoing describes the invention including preferred forms thereof. Alterations and modifications as will be obvious to those skilled in the art are intended to be incorporated within the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
It is to be understood that the numerical references included in parentheses in the following claims are given merely as a guide in understanding the correspondence between integers of the claims and the features of the exemplary but non-limiting embodiments shown in the figures. The claims are not intended to be limited to the features or arrangements as shown in the figures.
List of features labelled in the drawings:
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4345635 | Solomon | Aug 1982 | A |
| 4386645 | Dever | Jun 1983 | A |
| 4660613 | Dagenais | Apr 1987 | A |
| 5575322 | Miller | Nov 1996 | A |
| 5586592 | McGregor | Dec 1996 | A |
| 5850862 | Miller | Dec 1998 | A |
| 6085822 | Miller | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6422289 | Miller | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6722415 | Mochizuki et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6874560 | Escribano | Apr 2005 | B2 |
| 20030037888 | Mochizuki | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2451189 | Feb 1976 | DE |
| 1286017 | Feb 2003 | EP |
| 2173835 | Oct 1973 | FR |
| 2204899 | Nov 1988 | GB |
| 54616 | Apr 2001 | SG |
| WO 9819038 | May 1998 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20050072089 A1 | Apr 2005 | US |
