Patent Application
20160096515
The invention relates to determining rolling distance of a vehicle and, more particularly, to structure and a strategy for determining rolling distance from standstill so that an Electronic Brake System (EBS) of the vehicle can start building-up pressure once the vehicle begins rolling.
In a vehicle EBS with Automatic Vehicle Hold (AVH) or with Full Speed Range Adaptive (FSRA) cruise control, normally the rolling distance from standstill needs to be determined. When vehicle starts rolling, the EBS needs to build pressure (by running a hydraulic pump or active booster, etc.) to bring vehicle back to standstill. However, current vehicle rolling detection is too sensitive and it leads to multiple pump or active booster activations that generate noticeable noise.
There is a need for improved rolling distance detection structure that does not require running the pump too frequently and thereby reduces Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) in a vehicle.
An objective of the invention is to fulfill the need referred to above. In accordance with the principles of an embodiment, this objective is obtained by providing a system for detecting and controlling rolling distance of a vehicle from standstill. The system includes a tone wheel mounted to an associated wheel of a vehicle so as to rotate there-with. Each tone wheel has a plurality of encoding members spaced substantially evenly about a periphery thereof. A speed sensor is associated with each tone wheel so as to generate a signal when an encoding member passes the sensor. A control unit in an EBS is constructed and arranged to receive the signals from the sensors. The control unit has a microprocessor circuit. When the vehicle rolls from standstill with the wheels rotating the associated tone wheels, the sensors are constructed and arranged to send the signals to the control unit with microprocessor circuit counting as an interrupt, when one of the encoding members passes an associated sensor. When a maximum allowed number of interrupts is counted at each wheel, the control unit within the EBS is constructed and arranged to command the brake system to be supplied with pressure increase to return the vehicle to, and hold the vehicle at, standstill prior to reaching the required rolling distance.
In accordance with another aspect of an embodiment, a method detects and controls the rolling distance of a vehicle from standstill. The vehicle includes a tone wheel having a plurality of encoding members spaced substantially evenly about a periphery thereof. Each tone wheel is constructed and arranged to rotate with an associated wheel. A fixed speed sensor is mounted generally adjacent to each tone wheel. The vehicle includes a brake system. The method determines a travel distance between adjacent encoding members based on the number of encoding members and the tire circumference of the wheel. A required rolling distance of a vehicle from standstill is established. Maximum allowed interrupts per wheel is established, with an interrupt being defined as each instance an encoding member passes an associated speed sensor. It is determined whether the vehicle is actually rolling from standstill. Once the vehicle is actually rolling, a number of interrupts is counted at each wheel. Upon the occurrence of the maximum allowed interrupts counted at each wheel, the brake system is supplied with pressure increase to return the vehicle to, and hold the vehicle at, standstill prior to reaching the required rolling distance.
Other objects, features and characteristics of the present invention, as well as the methods of operation and the functions of the related elements of the structure, the combination of parts and economics of manufacture will become more apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description and appended claims with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which form a part of this specification.
The invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts, in which:
With reference to
The sensor 12 is constructed and arranged to measure the speed and direction A of rotation of the tone wheel 14 to thus determine the road wheel speed of the vehicle. In the embodiment, the sensor 12 detects when the encoding members (teeth) 16 pass by the sensor 12. The sensor 12 is electrically connected with an electronic control unit (ECU) 18 of an Electronic Brake System (EBS) 20. The control unit 18 has microprocessor circuit 19 to execute the logic described below. The EBS 20 can support Automatic Vehicle Hold (AVH) function 22 and Full Speed Range Adaptive (FSRA) cruise control function 23 for the vehicle.
The sensor 12 may monitor the rotation of the crankshaft or driveshaft of a vehicle, when the rate at which individual wheels are turning does not need to be determined. In the embodiment, the sensor 12 monitors the rotation of the casing or axle 24 (
The sensor 12 is preferably of the conventional magnetic type when the tone wheel 14 is made of steel. The sensor 12 can be a variable reluctance type sensor or a Hall effect sensor. Both of these magnetic type sensors detect the teeth 16 of the steel tone wheel 14 as it rotates adjacent to the sensor 12. Variable reluctance sensors detect the change in the inductance of a wire coil as a steel tooth comes into close proximity. Hall effect sensors measure the change in the resistance of a semi-conducting slab due to the strength of an applied magnetic field. The Hall effect sensor 12 acts much like a magnetic switch. When a tooth 16 of the tone wheel 14 rotates past the sensor 12, current is allowed to flow creating an output signal 32 from the sensor 12, with the number of times the teeth pass the sensor 12 being counted by the control unit 18. Instead of using a magnetic sensor 12, and steel tone wheel 14 with teeth 16, the sensor 12 can be of the conventional, optical type, with the wheel tone being optically encoded (defining the encoding members 16).
In a vehicle EBS with Automatic Vehicle Hold (AVH) or Full Speed Range Adaptive (FSRA) cruise control, the rolling distance from standstill needs to be determined. When vehicle starts rolling, the EBS needs to build pressure by running a hydraulic pump to bring vehicle back to standstill. Thus, in accordance with an embodiment, a travel distance per tooth is first calculated. For example, if the tone wheel 14 has fifty teeth 16 and the circumference of the tire is two meters or 2,000 mm, then the distance a tire/wheel will travel between adjacent teeth 16 is 2000/50=40 mm. Thus, the travel distance per tooth for the example system 10 is 40 mm.
For a given customer requirement on the rolling distance during AVH/FSRA, using the sensor structure 10, the rolling distance can be converted into wheel interrupts permitted on each wheel, based on the travel distance between each tooth 16.
An example of a customer requirement on rolling distance is: the maximum distance the vehicle is allowed to roll is less than 160 mm on a 10% grade. This requirement can be interpreted as maximum allowed teeth rolled=160 mm/travel distance per tooth=160/40=4 (teeth). Thus, an interrupt 34 occurs once a tooth 16 passes by the sensor 12, so if more than four interrupts are detected on one wheel when the vehicle is rolling, the rolling distance will exceed 160 mm. To make sure that there is enough time to build pressure to bring the vehicle back to standstill, the maximum allowed interrupts 34 (four in the example) is reduced to about 1.5 to 2 interrupts 34 per wheel.
With reference to
Since all four wheels are being monitored, a situation is to be avoided wherein the vehicle is oscillating back and forth (considered as not rolling), which might cause one specific tooth 16 to pass back and forth by the sensor 12. With four wheels, the possibility of one specific tooth on each wheel oscillating back and forth around the sensor 12 is very low, which reduces the risk of false rolling detection. Thus, in accordance with an embodiment, to determine whether the vehicle is actually rolling, the system 10 monitors six interrupts 34 (1.5 interrupts per wheel×4 wheels) on all four wheels over a predefined time. This is termed the maximum allowed total interrupts.
As noted above, the vehicle rolling detection strategy can be used by Automatic Vehicle Hold (AVH) function or Full Speed-range ACC (FSA or ACC Stop and Go) function, or any function which has a rolling distance requirement. The signal 42 of
With reference to
Thus, the vehicle rolling detection strategy of the embodiment can be customized based on the customer rolling distance requirement. This vehicle rolling detection strategy avoids unnecessary pressure build (pump activation or active booster activation) if vehicle just slightly moves and it's within customer defined range. Therefore, Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) in a vehicle can be avoided.
The operations described herein can be implemented as executable code within the EBS 20 microprocessor circuit 19 as described or stored on a standalone computer or machine readable non-transitory tangible storage medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, ROM, EEPROM, nonvolatile RAM, CD-ROM, etc.) that are completed based on execution of the code by a processor circuit implemented using one or more integrated circuits; the operations described herein also can be implemented as executable logic that is encoded in one or more non-transitory tangible media for execution (e.g., programmable logic arrays or devices, field programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, application specific integrated circuits, etc.).
The foregoing preferred embodiments have been shown and described for the purposes of illustrating the structural and functional principles of the present invention, as well as illustrating the methods of employing the preferred embodiments and are subject to change without departing from such principles. Therefore, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit of the following claims.
