Roof Vent and Solar Water Heater

Abstract

The field of invention relates generally to roof systems and particularly to sloped roofs, which can incorporate a ridge vent to exhaust hot attic gases. More particularly, the invention serves not only as an improved roof venting system but also acts as a solar water heater. The invention uses a novel method of utilizing hot escaping gasses from the attic space to heat water from below in its integrated solar collector as well as utilizing a system of baffles to exclude precipitation while also incorporating a clear panel to heat water from the sun's rays while venting hot gases from the attic space below.

Description

BACKGROUND

The simplicity of design, ease of fabrication and low production costs make this invention a much improved invention as it relates to the concept of mounting a solar water heating device on the roof of a building and trapping and converting solar rays into heat energy and also utilizing waste hot air vented from an attic as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,685 “Roof Mounted Solar Collector Device”, issued Dec. 6, 1983, inventor Wallace N. Frazier. However, the Frazier device is a very complicated, involved device which is not designed to be linked or fastened together readily so as to provide necessary volume and cross-section to have enough fluid exposed to the effects of hot gases or the sun's rays. Additionally, Frazier's device uses a series of very involved piping and the inclusion of a very complicated heat exchanger device. The device will exhaust hot attic gases but it will not preclude wind driven precipitation and makes no provision to exclude insects or vermin. The invention is an improved invention over U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,685 because its design is not only unique, it is uncomplicated, has no manifold or heat exchanger, it is lightweight, easily fabricated, easily installed and can readily be linked together to enhance its effectiveness.

Additionally, the design of the Frazier device makes it very vulnerable to uplift and failure from high winds because of the lateral vents which are open. Further, the Frazier device makes no mention of its ability to be used to heat potable water, but to be used singularly as a “space heater” device.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention integrates a means of heating water using hot gases and solar energy while effectively exhausting hot gases and becoming an integral and useful functioning part of the roof envelope and complete roof system. This invention vents hot gases from the attic space below while acting as a heat collector to heat water and which also captures radiant energy from the sun which additionally heats the water while mitigating the threat of damage to the roof system in the form of penetrations for attachments for conventional solar panels and collectors. The invention is a combination of a more efficient attic roof vent and a vastly improved aerodynamically engineered solar heat collector. The invention, because of its unique design, is an exceptionally efficient means of directly heating potable water without the necessity of a heat exchanger.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an end view of the solar collector and water heater device mounted on the ridge of a double sloping roof.

FIG. 2 is a top view and end view.

FIG. 3 is an end section of the device.

FIG. 4 is a perspective of the end view of the device.

FIG. 5 is a top perspective view of the device along the longitudinal plane showing the relation of the closure piece(s).

FIG. 6 is a reverse perspective along the longitudinal plane.

FIG. 7 is an end view showing the crossover pipe.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the device fabricated in two pieces with a folded top closure waterproofing flange.

FIG. 8A is an enlarged detail figure showing the top closure/waterproofing flange.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing a configuration which uses a pipe/tubing solar collector.

FIG. 10 is an end view without the end cap, solar collector or clear panel.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawing figures where like numerals represent like elements throughout. Referring now to FIG. 1, a roof ridge vent and solar water heating system (15) is shown. FIG. 1 shows a UV stabilized plastic tank, however, a variety of piping or tubing such as CPVC or tubing, i.e. PEX can be utilized as acceptable heat collectors. Copper pipe with thermal fins may also be used. The roof vent and solar water heater (15) is shown installed on a sloped roof (12) having typical construction and utilizing a ridge vent. The roof deck (14) is secured to a plurality of trusses (12) to form a pitched roof assembly (17). A roof covering, usually shingles or metal, is installed (18) to prevent precipitation from entering the structure below. The angle of the trusses (slope) creates a triangular void below (attic space). An open slot (13) is provided to allow hot gases to escape. The invention utilizes these gases to heat water stored in its integrated solar collector (1). The solar collector (1) is fashioned in such a way as to form a serpentine pattern so as to slow the flow of water and expand the fluid cross-section thus maximizing the fluid's exposure to the sun's rays and contact with hot gases escaping from the attic space. Potable water enters the solar collector (1) through the water inlet/outlet (2) and circulates through the solar collector (1) where it picks up heat directly from the sun's rays as well as heat energy from hot attic air vented through its series of vents and crosses over through the fluid crossover pipe (19) FIG. 7, to the other side of the unit and allows it to travel in the opposite direction where it is piped back into the attic space into the primary water heating system. This process can be enhanced by connecting a series of units by connecting the water inlet/outlet (#2) one to another in a number of ways, i.e. by the use of a quick connect “push-on” connector such as a brass or polysulfone connector or high temperature and pressure hose and clamps, such as worm gear clamps. PEX tubing with crimp-on clamps may also be used. The water enters the inlet/outlet (2) and travels in one direction, i.e. east to west, travels through the invention(s), crosses through the fluid crossover pipe (19) and travels in the opposite direction, i.e. west to east on the opposite side of the invention to the roof opening where it entered the inlet/outlet (2). The preferred embodiment consists of a series of thermal transmission vents (3) which transmit heated exhaust gases from the attic space to the water in the solar collector (1) and then is exhausted through the angled exhaust/insect screen (4). The location of the exhaust vent/insect screen (4) as it relates to the thermal transmission vents allows hot gases to escape but precludes wind driven precipitation from entering the thermal gas transmission vents (3). The unique design is also constructed so as to drain precipitation entering the exhaust vent/insect screen (4) through the drain area (7). The solar collector (1) is positioned in an area of the preferred embodiment which allows the solar collector (1) to be heated by hot escaping gases from the attic space. This area also incorporates a transparent cover (8) which allows sunlight to enter this chamber and heat the water stored in the solar collector (1). The area below the solar collector (1) has a reflective coating (9) to additionally enhance the effects of the sun's rays. The area of the embodiment at the top of the invention which forms an inverted vee is a bendable, flexible area (10) which allows the invention to be installed on a number of sloped roofs with different pitches. An area with a plurality of holes (6) is shown which is positioned directly above and in contact with the roof covering allowing the invention to be easily installed, repaired or removed and replaced in the event of the installation of a new roof membrane. The invention can be recycled and either reinstalled or relocated, removed for repairs or easily modified to facilitate different applications, renovations or different configurations. Additionally, the invention can be installed directly over an existing conventional roof ridge vent eliminating the necessity of removing the existing roof vent, the added labor expense and the possibility of damage to the roof envelope. Additionally, FIG. 1 shows the solar collector (1) inlet/outlet (2) extended through the roof deck (14) with piping (22) to be connected to the primary water heating system. FIG. 2 is a perspective which shows more clearly the locations of the thermal transmission vents (3) as they relate to the solar collector (1) and the location below the clear panel (8). The clear panel, which can be a variety of materials such as lightweight UV stabilized polycarbonate or tempered or solar glass which allows sunlight to directly heat the water stored in the solar collector (1). FIG. 3 is a section through view which shows the proximity of the solar collector (1) to the thermal transmission vents (3), the precipitation baffle (5) and the hot gas exhaust vent/insect screen (4), the drain (7) and attachment area (6). FIG. 4 is an end view which also shows the proximity of the solar collector (1) as they relate to the thermal transmission vents (3) and the clear panels (8). The solar collectors (1) are located directly above the reflective area (9) so as to maximize the effects of the sun's rays. FIG. 5 is a side perspective view which shows the relationship of the solar collector (1) and clear panel areas (8) to the main body of the invention. The location of the hot gas exhaust vent/insect screen (4) is shown as it relates to the precipitation baffle (5). The attachment area (6) with its plurality of holes is shown along with the hot gas exhaust/insect screen (4) and the proximity to the precipitation drain (7). The waterproof connection closure piece (16) is shown. The connection closure piece (16) is incorporated when two or more inventions (15) are coupled together. The connection closure piece is installed in the same manner as the main body of the invention (15) and is installed, simply by fitting the closure piece (16) over two installed devices (15) and installing fasteners (11) through the plurality of holes in the attachment area (6). FIG. 6 is a perspective side end view which shows the hot gas exhaust vent (4) as it relates to the precipitation baffle (5). The interior thermal transmission vents (3) are shown. FIG. 7 is a top view perspective which shows the main body of the invention (15) and the bendable active/live hinge (10), as well as the solar collector (1), clear panels (8), precipitation baffle (5), attachment (fastener) area (6) and hot gas exhaust vent/insect screen (4). FIG. 7 shows the fluid (water crossover pipe) (19) which changes the direction of the fluid (water) from one side of the invention to the other side of the invention so that the water can gain more heat from the sun's rays and can be further heated by the escaping hot gases from the attic space as well as return to the position where it entered the invention and can be piped easily and conveniently into the primary water heating device (water heater). The shown embodiment consists of hard pipe such as CPVC, but can be plumbed with flexible PEX piping or approved tubing. FIG. 8 shows an iteration of the invention whereby the installation of the invention consists of combining two units consisting in effect of exactly one-half of the preferred embodiment joined together by the use of an attachment/installation flange (21) which incorporates a plurality of holes through which a nut and bolt or other means of attachment, can join the invention together to form the completed solar collector (15). This mounting flange (21) configuration will, in most cases, facilitate installations of more abrupt roof slopes, lower shipping costs, ease fabrication and lower costs for packaging. The mounting flange can also be constructed without holes and can simply be crimped over the opposite side invention's flange. FIG. 8A shows an expanded view (23) of the flange (21) which runs longitudinally along the topmost edge of the invention. This flange serves as an area to join both pieces of the invention together so that the invention can facilitate installation of more obtuse roof slopes, i.e. (3-12) or more acute roof slopes, i.e. (7-12). It also serves as a waterproof seal to preclude precipitation. FIG. 9 shows the solar collector in a more detailed configuration which incorporates pipe such as copper or PEX pipe or other accepted pipe/tubing foimed into a serpentine configuration. FIG. 9 also shows the waterproof end closure cover (20). The end closure cover (20) is installed at each end of the invention (15) to cover and waterproof the open ends of the invention so as to make the end conditions water/weatherproof and preclude vermin and insects from entering the invention and the roof open area (13). FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the main body of the invention (15) which shows the unique form of the invention which allows hot gases to escape and which prevents precipitation and insects from entering the attic area.

FIG. 10 shows the use of flexible tubing, i.e. PEX, which is formed into a continuous loop to achieve the maximum cross-section for exposure and volume.

Claims

1. The effect of the hot escaping gases from the attic space below combined with the effects of the exposure from radiant solar energy from above, heats the water in the invention's integrated tank(s)/pipe(s)/tubing to a temperature more closely to that of “usable” hot water and in some cases higher. By virtue of this effect, water entering existing conventional water heating systems is hotter thus reducing the need for fossil fuel consumption, the effect of which is to release less carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

2. The invention is an exceptionally low technologically uncomplicated device which is easy to install and very cost effective. In some cases, this invention will supplant the primary water heating system for long periods of time and in most cases will raise the temperature of water entering the primary water heating system, thus lowering the demand for fossil fuels and lowering the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

3. This invention, because of its extremely simple technological level, can be installed using conventional, accepted roofing methods and materials. These methods and materials are universally known to the existing workforce, alleviating the need for newly trained personnel, expensive tools or exotic installation materials. The simplicity of design, the ease of fabrication, the lack of the necessity for exotic materials and equipment, lends itself to universal acceptance and potentially widespread application, thus reducing the demand for fossil fuels and lowering the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

4. By virtue of this invention's design, shape and enhanced vent size, this invention will increase the effective cross-section of conventional roof vents in the range of 200% to 300% by enabling the removed roof sheathing to be 2 to 3 times greater than conventional ridge vents, thus allowing 2 to 3 times more hot gases to escape from the attic space below, thus lowering the ambient temperature of the attic space and lowering the energy required for air-conditioning, thus reducing the demand for fossil fuels and lowering the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

5. This invention can be readily installed using accepted building procedures. This invention can be fabricated easily and economically from readily available materials, i.e., aluminum, copper, stainless steel, galvanized sheet metal or a number of plastics and resins which will render it extremely economical and will support universal acceptance. In its completed form, this invention is extremely durable and lightweight thus being easily transported and lifted into place requiring no heavy equipment or machinery thus reducing the demand for fossil fuels and lowering the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

6. The low cost and ease of manufacturing of this invention, the low level of technology required for installation, the fact that there are no moving parts, the use of techniques and materials which are widely in use, in addition to the aesthetically pleasing final appearance and very low maintenance, results in a unique and cost effective product.

7. This invention can readily be installed in new roof systems, re-roof systems of existing structures, and retro-fit to existing systems by simply installing this invention over existing asphalt shingles or metal roof systems. This invention can be readily adapted to supply heated water in the same manner incorporated in conventional solar panels and solar collectors used to heat water and can be utilized in conjunction with gas, electric, tank, tankless or any primary water heaters already in service.

8. The incorporation of a live active hinge affords the ability of this invention to conform to a multitude of configurations so that the invention can be readily and easily installed to facilitate multiple and numerous roof slopes. The invention can also be fabricated in two pieces and joined together with nuts and bolts or other acceptable fasteners so that it might facilitate the invention's application on more radical roof slopes. The invention can be fabricated in two pieces incorporating a waterproof flange along the top most edge as shown in FIG. 8A. This will contribute to its universal acceptance and application.

9. The design of this invention affords greater efficiency in exhausting hot gases from attic spaces. This is accomplished by expanding the cross-section of the roof wood sheathing removed. The exhaust vent can be many times larger than conventional roof ridge vents because the invention extends farther away from the ridge and has a higher profile and still affords enhanced protection from blowing rain and precipitation. This enhanced efficiency lowers the ambient temperature in the attic space lowering the energy needed to air-condition a structure.

10. This invention can easily and readily be installed to facilitate multiple and diverse applications. It can be installed to facilitate east and west installations as well as north and south installations. This invention, in some configurations, can be installed in a virtually limitless configuration by simply adding more units which are easily and readily joined together. This invention is readily installed using universal and accepted methods used to plumb conventional solar panels and collectors for use with primary water heaters which are currently being employed to heat water.

11. This invention has no moving parts, i.e., fans or movable or adjustable vents. This invention is also unique by virtue of the fact that it becomes and is a useful part of the roof envelope and protection of the building structure. It can be installed by personnel who are trained in accepted and universal roof methods and means. Its low technological aspects and ease of fabrication are also completely unique.

12. The addition of a clear panel enhances the effects of solar radiation by directly exposing its tank(s)/pipe(s)/tubing to solar radiation. The unique serpentine design of the tank(s)/pipe(s)/tubing slows the water entering the invention and enhances the cross-section so that it can gain an exceptional amount of heat from above and below before it enters the primary hot water system, without the use of pumps or elaborate heat exchangers.

13. Additionally, in almost all cases, this invention can be recycled and reused for many years and can become a useful part of a second or even third roof system in re-roof applications for the same structure.

14. The invention can be fabricated in lightweight, easily handled sizes. They can be joined together in an unlimited number connected with push on connectors readily available or glued together with compatible connectors and approved glue. The unique, staggered, integrated venting system of this invention allows hot gasses to escape while prohibiting wind driven precipitation and insects to enter.

15. This invention is an exceptionally efficient, low cost, maintenance-free device which is exponentially preferable over conventional solar water collectors which are costly, unsightly and expensive to maintain, aesthetically displeasing, damaging to roof envelopes and are extremely susceptible to damage from high winds.

16. This invention is engineered to present an extremely low cross section to the wind. Additionally, because of the plurality of attachment areas and the latitude of choice for fasteners, this invention can withstand winds in excess of hurricane force with a very low possibility of failure unlike conventional solar panel water collectors which, when blown off roofs, cause excessive and unnecessary damage to the roof envelope and water intrusion into the openings causing damage and destruction to the structure below.

17. The invention is an improved invention over U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,685 in as much as its design is uncomplicated, it has no couplings or manifolds, it is easily installed and can be linked together in a series simply by incorporating push-on connectors such as “snake bites” or polysolphone connectors which are readily available, off-the-shelf items. The simplicity of design and ease of fabrication make for a much improved invention as it relates to the concept of mounting a solar collector device on the roof of a building and trapping and converting solar rays into heat energy and also utilizing waste hot air in the attic as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,685 Roof-mounted Solar Collector device, issued Dec. 6, 1983 inventor Wallace N. Frazier. However, the Frazier device will not conform to multiple or differing roof slopes, does not afford the necessary cross-section to properly vent an attic space by virtue of the fact that it is extremely difficult to install enough units to achieve the necessary cross-section that a passive device requires. Additionally, the device is complicated and its design does not restrict the entry of insects and rodents.