1. Field of the Invention
This application relates generally to building ventilation and specifically to roof ventilation.
2. Description of the Related Art
Energy efficiency is a serious consideration in building design. Buildings require ways to minimize energy requirements to maintain comfortable living spaces. Certain buildings have a roof and an attic underneath the roof. One of the most common energy losses in such buildings is due to heat transfer through the attic. In warm climates, heat builds up in the attic from solar energy incident on the roof. In colder climates, moisture builds up in the attic, robbing the insulation of much of its R value.
Recently, ventilation systems have been incorporated to enhance the insulation of a roof. Such ventilation systems remove heat and/or moisture build-up in the attic, thus minimizing energy losses due to heat transfer through the attic.
Certain buildings include a roof with roof tiles having air channels. The air channels are formed through the roof tiles, and are in ventilating communication with one another. The air channels provide insulation between regions above and below the roof. Such buildings, however, may still have heat or moisture build-up in the attic. Therefore, there is still a need to provide a ventilation system that properly ventilates the attic. There is also a need to provide a ventilation system which minimally detrimentally affects the appearance of a roof design and is applicable to various types of roofs, while offering low installation costs relative to other ventilation systems.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide a roof structure for a tiled roof of a building. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a roof structure is provided comprising a roof supporting structure and a plurality of roof tiles over the roof supporting structure. Each of the roof tiles comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, and an air channel formed through the roof tile between the upper and lower plates. The roof tiles are arranged in a plurality of groups. The roof tiles and air channels of each group of roof tiles are adjacently positioned so that the air channels of each group are in ventilating communication with one another and collectively form an air passage within the roof. At least one of the roof tiles comprises a vent tile comprising a first upper plate, a second upper plate underlying the first upper plate, and a lower plate including a second opening. The first and second upper plates have a gap therebetween. The second upper plate includes a first opening. The lower plate is positioned below the second upper plate with an air channel defined therebetween. The first opening is in ventilating communication with the second opening via the air channel of the vent tile. The gap and the first and second openings together permit airflow between regions above and below the roof.
In accordance with another preferred embodiment, a vent tile is provided comprising a first upper plate, a second upper plate underlying the first upper plate, a lower plate opposing the second upper plate, and sidewalls connecting the second upper plate to the lower plate. The first and second upper plates have a gap therebetween. The second upper plate includes a first opening. The lower plate includes a second opening. The second upper plate, the lower plate, and the sidewalls together define an air channel formed through the vent tile. The first and second openings are in ventilating communication with each other through the air channel.
In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment, a method of providing a roof structure for a tiled roof of a building is provided. The method comprises providing a roof supporting structure. Then, a plurality of roof tiles are provided over the roof supporting structure. In addition, each of the roof tiles comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, and an air channel formed through the roof tile between the upper and lower plates. The roof tiles are arranged in a plurality of groups. The roof tiles and air channels of each group of roof tiles are adjacently positioned so that the air channels of each group are in ventilating communication with one another and collectively form an air passage within the roof. Providing at least one of the roof tiles comprises providing a vent tile comprising a first upper plate, a second upper plate underlying the first upper plate, and a lower plate including a second opening. The first and second upper plates have a gap therebetween. The second upper plate includes a first opening. The lower plate is positioned below the second upper plate with an air channel defined therebetween. The first opening is in ventilating communication with the second opening via the air channel of the vent tile. The gap and the first and second openings together permit airflow between regions above and below the roof.
For purposes of summarizing the invention and the advantages achieved over the prior art, certain objects and advantages of the invention have been described above and as further described below. Of course, it is to be understood that not necessarily all such objects or advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment of the invention. Thus, for example, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may be embodied or carried out in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other objects or advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.
All of these embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention herein disclosed. These and other embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments having reference to the attached figure, the invention not being limited to any particular preferred embodiment(s) disclosed.
In
Referring to
The first upper plate 11a forms a cover of the cap section 10a of the vent tile 10. The illustrated first upper plate 11a is convex when viewed from above. In other embodiments, the first upper plate may have various other shapes and configurations. The first upper plate 11a may be formed of, without limitation, a metal, clay, a plastic material, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing.
In addition, the first upper plate 11a may have a downwardly depending baffle or flange 18 at its lower edge. The flange 18 may be configured to allow airflow underneath it while preventing ingress of rain or snow.
The second upper plate 11b forms an upper part of the cap section 10a of the vent tile 10. The illustrated second upper plate 11b is shaped substantially similar or in conformity with the first upper plate 11a. In other embodiments, the second upper plate may have various other shapes and configurations. The second upper plate 11b may be formed of, without limitation, a metal, clay, a plastic material, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing.
The second upper plate 11b has a first opening 14a penetrating therethrough. The first opening 14a permits airflow between the channel 17 and a region above the vent tile 10, as will be better understood from later description herein. In certain embodiments, the first opening 14a may include louvers. The louvers include a number of narrow slits formed in parallel to one another. It will be appreciated that the shape, number, and position of the slits can be varied, depending on the design of a vent tile. The first opening 14a may be covered by a screen 15a to prevent entry of insects, vermin, and debris larger than the screen openings (
Referring to
The lower plate 12 forms a lower part of the cap section 10a of the vent tile 10. The illustrated lower plate 12 is flat in shape. In other embodiments, the lower plate may have various other shapes. The lower plate 12 may be formed of, without limitation, a metal, clay, a plastic material, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. Preferably, the lower plate 12 is formed of the same material as that of the upper plates 11a, 11b.
Referring to
The sidewalls 13 connect the second upper plate 11b to the lower plate 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the sidewalls 13 are integrally formed with the second upper plate 11b and the lower plate 12. The sidewalls 13 may be secured to the second upper plate 11b and the lower plate 12, using any suitable securing means. The sidewalls 13 may be formed of, without limitation, a metal, clay, a plastic material, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. Preferably, the sidewalls 13 are formed of the same material as that of the second upper plate 11b and/or the lower plate 12. Preferably, the sidewalls 13, second upper plate 11b, lower plate 12, and adjoining pan section(s) and additional cap section(s) (if any) are formed of the same material.
The channel 17, as shown in
Referring to
The upper plate 21 forms an upper part of the cap section 20a of the roof tile 20. The illustrated upper plate 21 is convex when viewed from above. In other embodiments, the upper plate may have various other shapes. Preferably, the upper plate 21 of the cap section 20a of the roof tile 20 has substantially the same shape as the first upper plate 11a of the cap section 10a of the vent tile 10. The upper plate 21 may be formed of, without limitation, clay, a metal, a plastic material, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. Preferably, the upper plate 21 is formed of clay.
The lower plate 22 forms a lower part of the cap section 20a of the roof tile 20. The illustrated lower plate 22 is flat in shape. In other embodiments, the lower plate may have various other shapes. The lower plate 22 may be formed of, without limitation, clay, a metal, a plastic material, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. Preferably, the lower plate 22 is formed of the same material as that of the upper plate 21.
The sidewalls 23 connect the upper plate 21 to the lower plate 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the sidewalls 23 are integrally formed with the upper and lower plates 21, 22. In other embodiments, the sidewalls 23 may be secured to the upper and lower plates 21, 22, using any suitable securing means. The sidewalls 23 may be formed of, without limitation, clay, a metal, a plastic material, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. Preferably, the sidewalls 23 are formed of the same material as that of the upper plate 21 or the lower plate 22. Preferably, the upper plate 21, lower plate 22, and sidewalls 23 are formed of the same material.
In
Referring back to
The vent tile 510B of
The vent tile 10, as shown in
The roof supporting structure supports both the vent tiles 10 and the roof tiles 20. Referring to
In another embodiment, the roof supporting structure may further include battens interposed between the roof deck 30 and the tiles 10, 20. The battens may run parallel to one another and to the eave and ridge of the roof. The battens may directly support the tiles 10, 20. The battens are preferably configured to not interrupt the air passages collectively formed by the air channels 27 of the roof tiles 20.
In certain embodiments, the roof supporting structure may also include a radiant barrier layer. The radiant barrier layer may reside over and substantially across the roof supporting structure. The radiant barrier layer includes a radiant barrier material that reflects radiant heat away from the roof. The radiant barrier material may comprise a sheet or coating. The coating may be formed of a paint blended with a radiant barrier additive. The radiant barrier material may preferably include a highly reflective material, such as aluminum. The radiant barrier layer may further include a substrate material such as kraft paper, plastic films (e.g., polypropylene and polyethylene), or cardboard. Another type of radiant barrier layer comprises bubble wrap with one or both sides covered with aluminum foil. In certain embodiments, the radiant barrier layer is reinforced by fiber to increase the durability and ease of handling. The radiant barrier may also include apertures in ventilating communication with the apertures of the roof deck 30 and the second openings 14b of the vent tile lower plates 12.
Referring to
The roof tiles described above (e.g., 10, 20) may be installed in a roof as follows. In one embodiment where the roof supporting structure has only rafters and battens without a roof deck or a radiant barrier, the vent tiles 10 are simply installed sequentially with the roof tiles 20.
In another embodiment where the roof supporting structure comprises a roof deck and/or a radiant barrier layer, apertures (e.g., 35) are formed through the deck and/or the radiant barrier layer. Then, the roof tiles 20 and vent tiles 10 are mounted thereon. The vent tiles 10 are installed at the apertures such that the second openings 14b of the vent tile lower plates 12 are aligned with the apertures. A skilled artisan will appreciate that various other steps or processes may be used for installing the roof tiles 20 and the vent tiles 10.
According to the embodiments described above, the roof structure includes vent tiles mimicking the appearance of roof tiles. This configuration enhances the insulating of the roof without detrimentally affecting the appearance of the roof. It will be understood that the appearance of the vent tiles and roof tiles can be different than that of the tiles 10, 20 disclosed herein.
Although this invention has been disclosed in the context of certain preferred embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses of the invention and obvious modifications thereof. Thus, it is intended that the scope of the present invention herein disclosed should not be limited by the particular disclosed embodiments described above, but should be determined only by a fair reading of the claims that follow.
This application claims the priority benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/856,223, filed Nov. 1, 2006. The full disclosure of this priority application is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
60856223 | Nov 2006 | US |