Patent Grant
11353115
The present patent relates generally to rotary control valves and, in particular, to a rotary control valve that has a minimized internal fluid leak rate when closed.
Process control systems often employ rotary valves, such as ball valves, butterfly valves, eccentric-disk valves, eccentric-plug valves, etc., to control the flow of process fluids. Rotary valves typically include a valve trim assembly having a valve seat disposed in the fluid path and surrounding a flow aperture, and a control element (e.g., a disk, a ball, etc.) disposed in the fluid path and rotatably coupled to the body of the valve via a valve shaft. To control the flow of fluid through some rotary valves, the position of the control element may be varied from a closed position at which the control element is in sealing engagement with the valve seat, thereby preventing fluid flow through the flow aperture, to a fully open or maximum flow rate position at which the control element is spaced away from the valve seat, thereby allowing fluid flow through the flow aperture. However, in many cases, even when the control element is in the closed position (in sealing engagement with the valve seat), considerable leakage around the control element can still occur, particularly where the control element meets the valve shaft and/or the valve seat. In turn, the rotary valves that experience this leakage have an internal leak rate (i.e., a closed internal leak rate) that is higher than an acceptable or threshold internal leak rate for a given application, such that those rotary valves are no longer usable for that given application.
In accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure a rotary control valve is provided. The rotary control valve includes a valve body that includes a bore and a first opening disposed adjacent to the bore. The rotary control valve also includes a valve shaft disposed within the bore, a first valve seat disposed within the valve body, and a first control element carried by the valve shaft. The first control element is movably disposed in the first opening between a closed position, in which the first control element sealingly engages the first valve seat, thereby closing the first opening, and an open position, in which the first control element is spaced from the first valve seat, thereby opening the first opening. The rotary control valve further includes a first pressure labyrinth at least partially defined by the first control element. When the first control element is in the closed position, the first pressure labyrinth is configured to cause a pressure drop in fluid flowing therethrough, thereby minimizing an internal leak rate of the rotary control valve.
In accordance with a second aspect of the present disclosure, a rotary control valve is provided. The rotary control valve includes a valve body that includes a bore, a first opening disposed adjacent to the bore, and a first shelf extending inwardly into the first opening. The rotary control valve also includes a valve shaft disposed within the bore. The valve shaft extends along a longitudinal axis and the first shelf extends along an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The rotary control valve also includes a first control element carried by the valve shaft, the first control element movably disposed in the first opening between a closed position, in which the first control element sealingly engages the first shelf, thereby closing the first opening, and an open position, in which the first control element is spaced from the first shelf, thereby opening the first opening. The rotary control valve further includes a first alignment element surrounding the valve shaft and disposed in the bore, and a first pressure labyrinth defined between the first control element and the first alignment element. When the first control element is in the open position, the first pressure labyrinth is configured to cause a pressure drop in fluid flowing therethrough, thereby reducing an internal leak rate of the rotary control valve.
In accordance with a third aspect of the present disclosure, a rotary control valve is provided. The rotary control valve includes a valve body that includes a bore, a first opening disposed adjacent to the bore, and a second opening disposed adjacent to the bore and spaced from the first opening. The rotary control valve also includes a first valve seat disposed within the first opening, a second valve seat disposed within the second opening, a valve shaft disposed within the bore, and a first control element carried by the valve shaft. The first control element is movably disposed in the first opening between a closed position, in which the first control element sealingly engages the first valve seat, thereby closing the first opening, and an open position, in which the first control element is spaced from the first valve seat, thereby opening the first opening. The rotary control valve also includes a second control element carried by the valve shaft, the second control element movably disposed in the first opening between a closed position, in which the second control element sealingly engages the second valve seat, thereby closing the second opening, and an open position, in which the second control element is spaced from the second valve seat, thereby opening the second opening. The rotary control valve further includes a first pressure labyrinth at least partially defined by the first control element, and a second pressure labyrinth at least partially defined by the second control element. When the first control element is in the open position, the first pressure labyrinth is configured to cause a pressure drop in fluid flowing therethrough, and the second pressure labyrinth is configured to cause a pressure drop in fluid flowing therethrough, thereby minimizing an internal leak rate of the rotary control valve.
In further accordance with the foregoing first, second and/or third aspects, a rotary control valve may further include any one or more of the following preferred forms.
In one preferred form, the rotary control valve may further include a first alignment element (e.g., a first bushing) surrounding the valve shaft and disposed in the bore. The first pressure labyrinth may be defined between the first control element and the first alignment element.
In another preferred form, the first control element may have an end portion and the first alignment element may have an end portion that is at least partially nested within the end portion of the first control element. The first pressure labyrinth may be defined between the end portion of the first control element and the end portion of the first alignment element.
In another preferred form, the valve body may further include a first shelf extending inwardly into the first opening. The first shelf may define the first valve seat.
In another preferred form, when the first control element is in the closed position, the first control element may be at least partially flush against the first shelf.
In another preferred form, the valve shaft may extend along a longitudinal axis, and the first shelf may extend along an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
In another preferred form, the valve body may further include a second opening disposed adjacent to the bore and spaced from the first opening. The rotary control valve may further include a second valve seat disposed within the bore and a second control element carried by the valve shaft, the second control element movably disposed in the second opening between a closed position, in which the second control element sealingly engages the second valve seat, thereby closing the second opening, and an open position, in which the second control element is spaced from the second valve seat, thereby opening the second opening. The rotary control valve may further include a second pressure labyrinth at least partially defined by the second control element, wherein when the second control element is in the closed position, the second pressure labyrinth is configured to cause a pressure drop in fluid flowing therethrough.
In another preferred form, the rotary control valve may further include a first alignment element surrounding the valve shaft and disposed in the bore, wherein the first pressure labyrinth is defined between the first control element and the first alignment element. The rotary control valve may further include a second alignment element surrounding the valve seat and disposed in the bore, wherein the second pressure labyrinth is defined between the second control element and the second alignment element.
In another preferred form, the rotary control valve may further include a rotary actuator coupled to the valve body, the rotary actuator operatively coupled to the first control element via the valve shaft.
In another preferred form, when the first control element is in the closed position, the first control element is at least partially flush against the first shelf.
In another preferred form, the valve body may further include a second opening disposed adjacent to the bore and spaced from the first opening. The rotary control valve may further include a second shelf extending inwardly into the second opening and a second control element carried by the valve shaft, the second control element movably disposed in the second opening between a closed position, in which the second control element sealingly engages the second valve seat, thereby closing the second opening, and an open position, in which the second control element is spaced from the second valve seat, thereby opening the second opening. The rotary control valve may further include a second pressure labyrinth at least partially defined by the second control element, wherein when the second control element is in the closed position, the second pressure labyrinth is configured to cause a pressure drop in fluid flowing therethrough.
In another preferred form, the rotary control valve may further include a second alignment element surrounding the valve seat and disposed in the bore, wherein the second pressure labyrinth is defined between the second control element and the second alignment element.
In another preferred form, the rotary control valve may further include a first alignment element surrounding the valve shaft and disposed in the bore, wherein the first pressure labyrinth is defined between the first control element and the first alignment element. The rotary control valve may further include a second alignment element surrounding the valve seat and disposed in the bore, wherein the second pressure labyrinth is defined between the second control element and the second alignment element.
In another preferred form, the first control element may have an end portion and the first alignment element may have an end portion that is at least partially nested within the end portion of the first control element, wherein the first pressure labyrinth is defined between the end portion of the first control element and the end portion of the first alignment element, wherein the second control element has an end portion and the second alignment element has an end portion that is at least partially nested within the end portion of the second control element, and wherein the second pressure labyrinth is defined between the end portion of the second control element and the end portion of the second alignment element.
In another preferred form, the valve body may further include first and second shelves extending inwardly into the first and second openings. The first shelf may define the first valve seat and the second shelf may define the second valve seat.
In another preferred form, when the first control element is in the closed position, the first control element is at least partially flush against the first shelf, and when the second control element is in the closed position, the second control element is at least partially flush against the second shelf.
In another preferred form, the valve shaft may extends along a longitudinal axis, and the first and second shelves m respectively extend along first and second axes, each of the first and second axes being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
The present disclosure is directed to a rotary control valve that minimizes, if not virtually eliminates, the fluid leakage that occurs in conventional rotary control valves when those rotary control valves are closed. The rotary control valve disclosed herein is intended to be utilized with a vehicle (e.g., a diesel vehicle, a commercial vehicle) to, for example, control exhaust fluid flow recirculation (e.g., in an engine in a diesel vehicle), such that the rotary control valve minimizes fluid leakage during exhaust fluid flow recirculation. Nonetheless, it will be appreciated that the rotary control valve can be utilized in other industries, including, for example, oil & gas, food & beverage, fluid control, etc.
The valve body 104 generally includes a bore 116 and at least one opening (e.g., flap opening) formed therein and disposed adjacent to the bore 116. As best illustrated in
The valve trim assembly 112 generally includes a valve shaft 136 coupled to the valve body 104. The actuator 108 is operatively coupled to the valve shaft 136 to control the position of the valve shaft 136 within the valve body 104. In this example, the actuator 108 is directly coupled to the valve shaft 136. In other examples, however, the actuator 108 may be coupled to the valve shaft 136 via a linkage, a belt, or the like. As best illustrated in
The valve trim assembly 112 also generally includes at least one valve seat coupled to the valve body 104. As best illustrated in
The first valve seat 144 in this example is defined by a first shelf that is integrally formed with the valve body 104 and extends inwardly into the first flap opening 120. As illustrated in
The valve trim assembly 112 further generally includes at least one control element carried by the at least one valve shaft and movably disposed in the valve body 104 relative to the at least one valve seat, respectively. As best illustrated in
The first control element 152 in this example takes the form of a valve flap having a substantially oval shape. The first control element 152 is coupled (e.g., pinned) to and carried by the valve shaft 136 and movably disposed in the first flap opening 120 relative to the first valve seat 144. More particularly, the first control element 152 is movably disposed between a closed position, in which the first control element 152 sealingly engages the first valve seat 144, thereby closing the rotary control valve 100, and an open position, in which the first control element 152 is spaced from the first valve seat 144, thereby opening the rotary control valve 100 and allowing fluid to flow through the first flap opening 120. The second control element 156 in this example also takes the form of a valve flap having a substantially oval shape identical to the shape of the first control element 152. The second control element 156 is also coupled (e.g., pinned) to and carried by the valve shaft 136 (albeit at a position further from the actuator 108 than the first control element 152) and movably disposed in the second flap opening 128 relative to the second valve seat 148. More particularly, the second control element 156 is movably disposed between a closed position, in which the second control element 156 sealingly engages the second valve seat 148, thereby closing the rotary control valve 100, and an open position, in which the second control element 156 is spaced from the second valve seat 148, thereby opening the rotary control valve 100 and allowing fluid to flow through the second flap opening 128.
In other examples, however, the first control element 152 and the second control element 156 may instead take the form of a flap having a different shape (e.g., a circular shape, a rectangular shape), a disk (e.g., a butterfly disk), a plug, or another suitable control element. In any event, because the first control element 152 and the second control element 156 are both carried by the valve shaft 136, it will be appreciated that the first control element 152 and the second control element 156 are simultaneously movable between their respective open and closed positions. In other examples, the valve trim assembly 112 may include two valve shafts 136 coupled to the valve body 104 and to one another (e.g., via a clutch mechanism), with the first control element 152 coupled to and carried by one of the valve shafts 136 and the second control element 156 coupled to and carried by the other of the valve shafts 136. In these other examples, it will be appreciated that the first control element 152 and the second control element 156 may be simultaneously movable between their respective open and closed positions, or may be independently movable relative to one another.
Because of the structure and arrangement of the first valve seat 144, when the first control element 152 is in the closed position (as shown in
The valve trim assembly 112 also generally includes at least one alignment element that is disposed in the bore 116 of the valve body 104 and surrounds the valve shaft 136 to help align the valve shaft 136 in the proper position. As illustrated in
In some cases, the seal formed between the first and second control elements 152, 156 and the first and second valve seats 144, 148, respectively, when the first and second control elements 152, 156 are in their respective closed positions serves to effectively reduce the internal leak rate of the rotary closed valve 100 below the threshold internal leak rate. However, in many cases (e.g., when the rotary control valve 100 is employed in applications in which the threshold internal leak rate is very low and/or critical at various conditions), the seal may not reduce the internal leak rate or may reduce the internal leak rate but not to the requisite degree. Therefore, to minimize the internal leak rate, and to ensure that the internal leak rate is less than the threshold internal leak rate, the rotary control valve 100 includes at least one pressure labyrinth that is formed of a plurality of steps or transitions that require fluid flowing therethrough (i.e., leaking fluid) to change directions multiple times, thereby causing a pressure drop in the fluid flowing therethrough, i.e., increasing the turbulence and inefficiency of the fluid flow. Stated another way, the at least one pressure labyrinth allows fluid communication therethrough but does so in a manner that severely restricts the flow rate and the amount of fluid that actually flows therethrough. The at least one pressure labyrinth is also generally sized to achieve a maximum pressure drop in the fluid flowing therethrough, but also to allow or accommodate thermal expansion or contraction, depending on the given application, while still maintaining a clearance between thermally expanded or contracted components.
The rotary control valve 100 in this example includes four such pressure labyrinths, a first pressure labyrinth 200, a second pressure labyrinth 204, a third pressure labyrinth 208, and a fourth pressure labyrinth 212. As best illustrated in
Even more particularly, the first pressure labyrinth 200 is defined by a first interface defined between a first end portion 216 of the first control element 152 and a first end portion 220 of the first bushing 176 that is disposed immediately adjacent to, and at least partially nested within (i.e., partially surrounded by), the first end portion 216 of the first control element 152. Thus, as best illustrated in
The second pressure labyrinth 204, the third pressure labyrinth 208, and the fourth pressure labyrinth 212 are defined in a similar manner as the first pressure labyrinth 200. Thus, the second pressure labyrinth 204 is defined by a second interface defined between a first end portion of the second control element 156 and a first end portion of the second bushing 180 that is disposed immediately adjacent to, and at least partially nested within (i.e., partially surrounded by), the first end portion of the second control element 156. Meanwhile, the third pressure labyrinth 208 is defined by a third interface defined between a second end portion of the first control element 152 and a second end portion of the second bushing 180 that is disposed immediately adjacent to, and at least partially nested within (i.e., partially surrounded by), the second end portion of the first control element 152. Similarly, the fourth pressure labyrinth 212 is defined by a fourth interface defined between a second end portion of the second control element 156 and a first end portion of the third bushing 184 that is disposed immediately adjacent to, and at least partially nested within (i.e., partially surrounded by), the second end portion of the second control element 156. It will be appreciated that, like the first interface, each of the second, third, and fourth interfaces define five flow portions, such that each of the second pressure labyrinth 204, the third pressure labyrinth 208, and the fourth pressure labyrinth 212 also require fluid flowing therethrough to change directions five times. However, for the sake of brevity, further details about the five different flow portions for the second pressure labyrinth 204, the third pressure labyrinth 208, and the fourth pressure labyrinth 212 are omitted.
In other examples, the rotary control valve 100 may include more or less than four pressure labyrinths. When, for example, the rotary control valve 100 includes only a single control element, the rotary control valve 100 may only include two pressure labyrinths. Moreover, in other examples, the rotary control valve 100 may include different labyrinths than the labyrinths illustrated in
While not described or illustrated herein, it will be appreciated that the rotary control valve 100 can include additional components. The rotary control valve 100 may, for example, also include a packing set disposed in the bore 116 of the valve body 104 to prevent fluid leakage. The packing set can be retained in the desired position with a packing gland, packing stud, one or more washers (e.g., Belleville washers), other components, or combinations thereof, and, as is known in the art, such components can be adjusted to alter the force imparted on the packing set, thereby altering the seal between the packing set and the valve shaft 136. The rotary control valve 100 can also include other components, e.g., a thrust bushing and a bracket (e.g., for coupling the packing set and other components to the valve body 104).
In operation, the actuator 108 drives (e.g., rotates) the valve shaft 136 and, in turn, the first and second control elements 152, 156 between their respective open positions (not shown) and their respective closed positions (shown in
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| 2999512 | Barkow | Sep 1961 | A |
| 3280843 | Rutherford | Oct 1966 | A |
| 4022424 | Davis | May 1977 | A |
| 4304392 | Maciulaitis | Dec 1981 | A |
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| 5678594 | Hill | Oct 1997 | A |
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| 6622696 | Witzel | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6698717 | Brookshire | Mar 2004 | B1 |
| 20170268466 | Lim | Sep 2017 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 664916 | Oct 1965 | BE |
| 201273229 | Jul 2009 | CN |
| 102015015242 | May 2017 | DE |
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| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report received for PCT/US2021/021685 dated Jun. 18, 2021. |
| Written Opinion received for PCT/2021/021685 dated Jun. 18, 2021. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210310563 A1 | Oct 2021 | US |
