Patent Application
20240261800
The invention relates to a rotor of a gas dispersion arrangement, such as a flotation cell.
Gas dispersion arrangements, such as flotation cells, may be used for e.g. recovering valuable ingredients, such as metal concentrates from a slurry. Air is needed in a flotation cell for creating a froth bed. Typically, the air is fed to a rotor through a duct arranged to the shaft of the rotor. When rotating the rotor, air is fed into the slurry, and air bubbles are dispersed therein. Air bubbles flow upwards and enter the surface of the slurry where they form the froth bed. Particles containing valuable ingredients may flow upwards with the air bubbles and enter in the froth bed. Alternatively, valueless ingredients flow upwards with the air bubbles and enter in the froth bed, and the valuable ingredients remains non-flotated.
Although the known rotors are result of vigorous research and development work, there are still needs for even more effective rotors in the field of gas dispersion arrangements.
Viewed from a first aspect, there can be provided a rotor of a gas dispersion arrangement, comprising a cover disc,
Thereby a rotor of a gas dispersion arrangement utilizing downflow in a flotation cell and providing increased rotor pumping performance may be achieved.
The rotor is characterised by what is stated in the independent claim. Some other embodiments are characterised by what is stated in the other claims. Inventive embodiments are also disclosed in the specification and drawings of this patent application. The inventive content of the patent application may also be defined in other ways than defined in the following claims. The inventive content may also be formed of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is examined in the light of expressed or implicit sub-tasks or in view of obtained benefits or benefit groups. Some of the definitions contained in the following claims may then be unnecessary in view of the separate inventive ideas. Features of the different embodiments of the invention may, within the scope of the basic inventive idea, be applied to other embodiments.
In one embodiment, the through-hole has a shape of a polygon, such as quadrangle.
An advantage is that the through-hole or its side wall may create a pumping effect, i.e. act as a blade, and push slurry towards the slurry slot, thereby further increasing rotor pumping performance.
In one embodiment, the through-hole comprises at least one side edge on the upper surface that makes a hole angle with radial direction of the rotor, wherein said hole angle is in range of −10°-+45°.
An advantage is that an increased rotor pumping performance may be provided, and blockage of the through-hole may be prevented.
In one embodiment, an outmost wall of the through-hole makes an outer diameter angle with direction of the centre axis, wherein said angle is in range of −10°-+60°.
An advantage is that an increased rotor pumping performance may be provided, and blockage of the through-hole may be prevented.
In one embodiment, an innermost wall of the through-hole makes an inner diameter angle with direction of the centre axis, wherein said angle is in range of −10°-+60°.
An advantage is that an increased rotor pumping performance may be provided, and blockage of the through-hole may be prevented.
In one embodiment, at least one side wall of the through-hole makes a side wall angle with direction of the centre axis, wherein said angle is in range of −20°-+60°.
An advantage is that an increased rotor pumping performance may be provided, and blockage of the through-hole may be prevented.
In one embodiment, total area of the through-holes in relation to the area of the cover disc is in range of 2%-40%, such as 20%-30%.
An advantage is that an increased rotor pumping performance may be provided.
In one embodiment, area of the through-hole in relation to the cross-sectional area of the corresponding slurry slot is in range of 2%-40%, such as 20%-30%.
An advantage is that an enhanced rotor pumping performance may be provided.
In one embodiment, the upper surface of the cover disc comprises at least one top blade, arranged at least mainly radially.
An advantage is that downwards flow of slurry through the through-holes may be increased.
In one embodiment, the length of the top blade is selected in range from 0.5× the length of the corresponding through-hole in radial direction on the upper surface of the cover disc to a length equal to the radius of the upper surface.
An advantage is that an enhanced rotor pumping performance may be provided, and back flow through the through-hole may be prevented.
In one embodiment, the height of the top blade in relation to the height of the rotor measured from the bottom thereof to the underside of the cover disc is selected in range of 1%-50%.
An advantage is that an enhanced rotor pumping performance may be provided, and back flow through the through-hole may be prevented.
In one embodiment, the upper surface of the cover disc is provided with an outer ring that has a height extending away from said upper surface.
An advantage is that slurry flow directed in the through-holes may be enhanced, and back flow through the through-hole may be prevented.
In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the air channel is inclined in relation to the plane of the cover disc in an inclination angle selected in range of 0°-60°, such as 5°-30°.
An advantage is that blockages of the air channel may be prevented.
In one embodiment, the length of the air channel in relation to the diameter (D) of the cover disc is selected in range of 10%-30%, such as 20%.
An advantage is that blockages of the air channel may be prevented.
In one embodiment, the shape of the air slot has a curved shape without any points of discontinuity.
An advantage is that blockages of the air slots and channels by slurry may be reduced.
In one embodiment, the center air void whereto the air channels are in fluid communication has designed and dimensioned such that the cross sectional area of all the air channels is at least substantially equal with the cross sectional area of an inlet receiving air in the rotor.
An advantage is that a fluent flow of air into the air slots may be achieved.
In one embodiment, the shape of the slurry slot has an optimized shape so that its cross-sectional shape is at least substantially triangular in smaller rotors, and at least substantially rectangular in larger rotors.
An advantage is that an advantageous flow pattern in the slurry slot may be achieved.
Some embodiments illustrating the present disclosure are described in more detail in the attached drawings, in which
In the figures, some embodiments are shown simplified for the sake of clarity. Similar parts are marked with the same reference numbers in the figures.
The rotor 100 is a rotor of a flotation machine, particularly used for dispersing air to a slurry. The rotor 100 can be arranged in e.g. a flotation cell. According to an aspect, the flotation cell may be used for e.g. recovering valuable ingredients from slurry, such as slurry that contains minerals. According to another aspect, the flotation cell may be used in oil industry.
The rotor 100 can be arranged in e.g. a reactor tank wherein it is attached to a rotor shaft (not shown) that rotates the rotor around a centre axis X. When rotating, the rotor 100 sets the slurry fed into the flotation cell in motion and disperses air into the slurry, whereupon air bubbles are dispersed in the slurry. Air bubbles flow upwards and enter the surface of the slurry. In one embodiment, said air bubbles are participating in forming a froth bed on the surface of the slurry. However, in another embodiment there is no froth bed on the surface of the slurry.
The rotor 100 comprises a cover disc 1, the basic shape of which is preferably round.
Plurality of air slots 2 are arranged to protrude away from the cover disc 1. In the embodiment shown in Figures, there are six air slots in the rotor. It is to be noted, however, that the number of air slots may be less than six or more than six, such as two (2) to fifteen (15), preferably four (4) to seven (7).
The air slots 2 define an interior space 3 in the interior of the rotor.
An air channel 4 is connected to the air slot 2 for supplying air therein. In one embodiment, another end of the air channel 4 is connected to a center air void 11 for supplying air from said void to the air slot 2.
The rotor 100 comprises slurry slots 5 arranged between and an alternating way with the air slots 2 around the interior space 3. The slurry slots 5 are in fluid communication with the interior space 3 so that slurry may flow from said interior space to said slurry slots 5.
The rotor 100 further comprises radially extending blades 6 that are arranged for separating the air slot 2 from adjacent slurry slots 5. The number of blades depends on the number of air slots 2 and slurry slots 5. In the embodiment shown in Figures, the number of blades is twelve.
In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the slurry slot 5 is at least substantially triangular. This embodiment is especially preferably in smaller rotors. In one embodiment, the “smaller rotors” means rotors having diameter smaller than 1750 mm, even so small than 70 mm to 300 mm.
In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the slurry slot 5 is at least substantially rectangular. This embodiment is especially preferably in larger rotors. In one embodiment, the “larger rotors” means rotors having diameter 1750 mm or more, such as 2200 mm or even more, up to 4000 mm or 5000 mm.
The cover disc 1 comprises at least one through-hole 7 extending from an upper surface 8 of the cover disc to at least one of the slurry slots 5. In one embodiment, such as shown in Figures, all the slurry slots 5 have a through-hole 7 of its own.
In one embodiment, some portion of the slurry slots 5 has the through-hole 7, whereas another portion of the slurry slots 5 is devoid of the through-holes 7. For instance, half of the slurry slots 5 has the through-hole 7, whereas another half does not have the through-hole.
In one embodiment, such as shown in
The shape of the through-hole 7 is selected based on needs of the current application.
In one embodiment, the basic shape of the through-hole 7 is polygon, such as triangle, quadrangle, or trapezoidal. Two adjacent corners of the polygon may be connected by a straight line or a curving line.
In one embodiment, the basic shape of the through-hole 7 is roundish, such as round, oval, or oviform.
In one embodiment, the basic shape of the through-hole 7 is a combination of polygon and roundish shapes.
In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area and shape of the through-hole 7 are constant or unchanging in all its length from the upper surface 8 to the slurry slot 5. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional area may vary. For example, the cross-sectional area may decrease from the upper surface 8 towards the slurry slot 5, or vice versa. In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area increases from the upper surface 8 towards the slurry slot 5, thus a suction effect may be created in the through-hole 7.
In one embodiment, the cross-section of the through-hole 7 at the upper surface 8 may have a first shape, and a second shape at the slurry slot 5, the first and the second shapes being different.
In one embodiment, all the through-holes 7 have same shape and size. In another embodiment, there are at least two different shapes and/or sizes in the through-holes.
In one embodiment, such as shown in Figures, there is one through-hole 7 per one slurry slot 5. In another embodiment, there is two or even more through-holes connected to one slurry slot 5.
In one embodiment, the total area of the through-holes 7 in relation to the area of the cover disc 1 is in range of 2%-40%. In one embodiment, said relation is in range of 20%-30%.
In one embodiment, the area of the through-hole 7 in relation to the cross-sectional area of the corresponding slurry slot 5 is in range of 2%-40%. In one embodiment, said relation is in range of 20%-30%.
In one embodiment, such as shown in Figures, the through-hole 7 is aligned askew in relation to the upper surface 8 or the centre axis X.
The side wall angle SWA of the leading side wall 16a may be same as or differ from the SWA of the trailing side wall 16b.
Positive values of the side wall angle SWA mean that when the rotor is rotating in its rotating direction R, an intersection of the side wall 16a, 16b and the upper surface 8 precedes an intersection of said side wall and the underside of the cover disc 1.
In one embodiment, the leading side wall 16a and the trailing side wall 16b are parallel with the centre axis X, i.e. the side wall angle SWA is 0°. This embodiment is especially advantageous if the rotor 100 is intended to rotate in both directions. This kind of bidirectional function of the rotor is advantageous in certain gas dispersion arrangements. However, it is to be noted that this kind of rotor, as well as any rotor described in the current disclosure, may also be used in unidirectional way. This means that the rotor is rotated just one direction in the gas dispersion arrangement.
Alignment of the through-holes 7 by choosing the outer diameter angle ODA, the inner diameter angle IDA, and the side wall angle SWA makes it is possible to optimize the slurry flow in the slurry slot and thereby create more effective rotors for the field of gas dispersion arrangements.
In one embodiment, the upper surface 8 of the cover disc is at least substantially even. However, in another embodiments, the upper surface 8 comprises three dimensional shapes, e.g. projections and/or recesses for e.g. guidance of flows on the upper surface.
In one embodiment, such as shown in Figures, the upper surface 8 comprises top blades 9. The top blades may be arranged at least mainly radially. In one embodiment, such as shown in Figures, each of the top blades 9 is radially arranged in relation to the cover disc 1. It is to be noted, however, that in some embodiments the direction of the blade(s) may diverge from the radial direction.
In one embodiment, there is at least one top blade 9 between each pair of through-holes 7. In the embodiment, such as shown in Figures, there is one top blade 9 between each pair of through-holes 7. Thus, the number of the top blades 9 is equal with the number of the through-holes 7.
In one embodiment, the number of the top blades 9 is less than the number of the through-holes 7. In another embodiment, the number of the top blades 9 is greater than the number of the through-holes 7.
In one embodiment, the length of the top blade 9 is selected in range from 0.5× the length of the corresponding through-hole 7 in radial direction on the upper surface 8 of the cover disc to a length equal to the radius of the upper surface.
In one embodiment, the height of the top blade in relation to the height H of the rotor measured from the bottom thereof to the underside of the cover disc 1 is selected in range of 1%-50%. In one embodiment, said range is 5%-30%. The height of the top blade 9 may be constant over all the length of the blade; alternatively, there may be variations in its height. In one embodiment, the height of the top blade 9 has its maximum near the centre axis X and from which it lowers towards the outer circumference of the rotor.
The shape of the top blade 9 is selected based on needs of the current application. By suitable shaping of the top blades, it is possible to control power consumption of the rotor as well as flow patterns of slurry. In one embodiment, such as shown in Figures, all the top blades 9 has same dimensions and shapes; however, this is not always necessary.
In one embodiment, the top blade 9 is straight.
In one embodiment, the top blade 9 is curved or comprises at least one curve.
In one embodiment, the shape of the top blade 9 is a combination of two or more straight sections and/or straight and curved sections.
In one embodiment, the top blade 9 is arranged perpendicularly in relation to the upper surface 8.
In one embodiment, the top blade 9 is arranged in relation to the upper surface 8 to an angle diverging from perpendicular angle, i.e. the top blade 9 may be inclined in relation to the upper surface, either in direction of rotation of the rotor or to another direction.
In one embodiment, such as shown in Figures, the top blade 9 extends to an outer edge of cover disc 1. However, this is not always necessary.
As mentioned earlier in this disclosure, the air channels 4 are connected to the air slot 2 for supplying air therein. In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the air channel 4 is inclined in relation to the plane P of the cover disc in an inclination angle IA that selected in range of 0°-60°, preferably 5°-30°. In one embodiment, the top surface of the air channel 4 is parallel with the bottom surface. In another embodiment, the top surface of the air channel 4 is not parallel with the bottom surface, i.e. it is deviating from the inclination angle IA. The inclination angle IA ensures that if some slurry gets in the air channel, it also comes back out from there.
The length of the air channel 4 is preferably as short as possible in order to minimize its susceptibility to clogging by slurry. In one embodiment, the length of the air channel in relation to the diameter (D) of the cover disc is selected in range of 10%-30%, preferably 20%.
The shape of the air slot 2 has preferably a curved shape without any points of discontinuity.
In one embodiment, the center air void 11 whereto the air channels 4 are in fluid communication has designed and dimensioned such that the cross sectional area of all the air channels 4 is at least substantially equal with the cross sectional area of an inlet receiving air in the rotor 100.
In one embodiment, air is supplied to the center air void 11 by a hollow rotor shaft (not shown).
The invention is not limited solely to the embodiments described above, but instead many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive concept defined by the claims below. Within the scope of the inventive concept the attributes of different embodiments and applications can be used in conjunction with or replace the attributes of another embodiment or application.
The drawings and the related description are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The invention may vary in detail within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21176490.7 | May 2021 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FI2022/050368 | 5/27/2022 | WO |
