Patent Application
20190108712
Roulette is a popular wagering game played in casinos and other gaming establishments. In mechanical versions of the game (versus video generated), a roulette ball is launched into an angled annular track encircling a spinning roulette wheel. The roulette ball continues to rotate around the annular track in an opposite direction of the spinning roulette wheel creating friction between the roulette ball and the annular track. The friction created between the roulette ball and the annular track causes the ball to lose momentum. Upon losing sufficient momentum, the roulette ball exits the annular track and follows a spiraling path towards the roulette wheel.
As it follows the spiraling path, the roulette ball may engage with one or more of the ball stops (or canoes) intervening between the annular track and the roulette wheel, causing the ball to jump about. Eventually the roulette ball comes to rest in one of the numerous equally-spaced ball slots located along a circumference of the roulette wheel. Each ball slot among the equally-spaced ball slots is isolated from adjacent ball slots by separators positioned radially outward and corresponds to a particular number and color. The particular number represents a result for the game cycle that began when the roulette ball was launched.
As the roulette ball comes to rest, a marker (or dolly) is placed on an area of a felt betting area (or layout) identifying the particular number and color corresponding to the ball slot in which the roulette ball came to rest. Winning and losing bets for that game cycle to be placed on the felt betting area are then determined according to the result. Once the losing bets are collected and the winning bets are paid, a new game cycle starts.
In addition to causing the roulette ball to lose momentum, the friction between the roulette ball and the annular track may also erode some material from the annular track. That material eroded from the annular track and/or the ball becomes dust within the roulette wheel and the annular track. Another opportunity for the creation and dispersion of dust arises any time the roulette ball engages with a ball stop. As subsequent balls are launched into the angled track, interaction between the dust and subsequent roulette balls may impact a later game cycle.
For example, randomization of the later game cycle's result may be reduced by interaction with the dust. Also, subsequent roulette balls may rotate slower around the annular track, which increases game cycle times and further reduces randomization. At some point, dust generated by the friction renders the roulette table aesthetically displeasing, which negatively impacts the players' experience. The dust may also slow down game play cycles, thereby making the roulette table less productive. Furthermore, removing the dust creates maintenance downtime during which the roulette table is unavailable for gameplay.
While seemingly straightforward as far as games are concerned, new players to roulette can find all of the different types of possible bets confusing. Bets can be placed on “red/black” (all red or black numbers and excluding 0 and 00), on “even/odd” (all even or odd numbers and excluding 0 and 00), on “low/high” numbers 1-18 or numbers 19-36, on “dozen” or “third” (1-12, 13-24 or 25-36, on “column” (all numbers in one of three columns when the table is viewed from its end), on “straight up” (any single number), on “0” or “00” (some tables only use “0”), on “row” (0 and 00), on “top line” or “basket” (0, 00, 1, 2 and 3), on “six line” (any six numbers from two horizontal rows), on “split” (any two adjoining numbers vertical or horizontal), on “street” (any three numbers horizontal, such as 1, 2, 3 or 4, 5, 6, etc.), and on “corner” (any four adjoining numbers in a block, such as 1, 2, 4, 5 or 17, 18, 20, 21, etc.). It can take significant time for players to place bets in all of these different ways, which forces dealers to push players to finish bets, or if a machine is being used a timer to be employed, which can frustrate players.
The present disclosure relates generally, but not exclusively, to the field of gaming, particularly roulette gaming.
An embodiment is directed to a roulette machine configured to operate unattended live roulette games in which a roulette ball is launched into an angled annular track encircling a roulette wheel. In some embodiments, a controller associated with the roulette machine regulates one or more inertial values associated with the roulette ball. In some embodiments, a bet close time of a betting window associated with the live roulette games is determined based on one or more inertial values associated with the roulette ball. In some embodiments, a rotation velocity of the roulette wheel is adjusted subsequent to a bet close time of a betting window associated with the live roulette games. In some embodiments, game cycle events are detected using audio associated with the live roulette games. In these embodiments, audio audible and/or visual special effects are generated based on the audio. In some embodiments, a controller associated with the roulette machine synchronizes the live roulette games operated by the roulette machine with live roulette games operated by one or more additional roulette machines
An embodiment is directed to two or more betting options based on a desired level of risk or volatility, such as low or high or low, medium or high. Depending on the amount of credits to be bet and the risk level or volatility level chosen, bets will be randomly placed in predetermined amounts on different types of bets that correspond to the risk level. If there are two risk levels, a bet of 50 credits at a low risk level will result in 10 credits being placed on red or black, 10 credits on even or odd, 10 credits on high or low, 10 credits on one third and 10 credits on one column. The same bet at a high risk level will result in 12 credits on a six line, 12 credits on a street, 6 credits on two streets, 5 credits on two splits, and 5 credits on two straight ups, although other betting combinations are possible in other embodiments.
These and other features will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims. This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
The present disclosure describes particular embodiments and their detailed construction and operation. The embodiments described herein are set forth by way of illustration only and not limitation. Those skilled in the art will recognize, in light of the teachings herein, that there may be a range of equivalents to the exemplary embodiments described herein. Most notably, other embodiments are possible, variations can be made to the embodiments described herein, and there may be equivalents to the components, parts, or steps that make up the described embodiments. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, certain aspects of components or steps of certain embodiments are presented without undue detail where such detail would be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein and/or where such detail would obfuscate an understanding of more pertinent aspects of the embodiments.
Disclosed herein are methods, systems, and computer readable storage media that provide for increased randomization of roulette results and improved guest satisfaction. Some embodiments of the present invention are described herein in terms of an automated roulette wagering system for illustrative purposes. However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to an automated roulette wagering system, but rather may be implemented in various wagering systems—both automated and manual—that provide similar functionalities as an automated roulette wagering system.
For example, roulette wagering system 100 may include one play station, two play stations, ten play stations, and so on. In an embodiment, roulette wagering system 100 may not include any play stations 130. For example, roulette wagering system 100 may be servicing one or more remote clients not physically proximate to roulette wagering system 100. That is, roulette machine 110 of roulette wagering system 100 may be an unattended live table game of chance providing game cycle results to one or more play stations physically remote from roulette machine 110. In an embodiment, roulette wagering system 100 may be servicing a combination of local play stations (e.g., play stations 130) and remote play stations.
In an embodiment, roulette wagering system 100 is located at a first geographic location and is providing game cycle results to remote clients physically located at one or more remote geographic locations that are not physically proximate to the first geographic location. For example, roulette wagering system 100 may be located in a warehouse and provide game cycle results to remote clients located in a casino located a few miles away from the warehouse. As another example, roulette wagering system 100 may be located in a first casino and provide game cycle results to remote clients located in a second casino or gaming establishment. The first casino and the second casino or gaming establishment may be located in a different city, state, country, etc.
Roulette machine 110 is configured to operate unattended live roulette games in which a physical roulette ball is launched into an angled annular track encircling a roulette wheel. In an embodiment, roulette machine 110 may be configured to operate any known live table game of chance. Each live roulette game operated by roulette machine 110 is composed of a game cycle. The game cycle of the live roulette game begins as a roulette ball is positioned to be launched into the annular track. The roulette ball is launched into the annular track and rotates around the annular track a plurality of times. In an embodiment, the roulette ball is rotated around the annular track in a first direction and the roulette wheel is spinning about a central axis in a second direction opposing the first direction. Friction between the roulette ball and the annular track reduces a momentum of the roulette ball until gravity causes the roulette ball to exit the annular track.
Upon exiting the annular track, the roulette ball follows a path towards the center of the roulette wheel along a downward slope intervening between the annular track and the roulette wheel. As the roulette ball follows the path towards the center of the roulette wheel, the roulette ball may interact with one or more ball stops positioned about the downward slope. When the roulette ball encounters the roulette wheel, the roulette ball bounces a plurality of times and then settles into one of a plurality of ball slots positioned around an outer circumference of the roulette wheel. The game cycle concludes as the roulette ball settles in one of the plurality of ball slots. A game cycle outcome is determined based on a number and possibly also a color corresponding to the particular ball slot in which the roulette ball settled.
Each live roulette game operated by roulette machine 110 is also composed of a betting window associated with the game cycle. The betting window includes a bet open time and a bet close time. The bet open time represents a point in time in which the betting window transitions from a closed state to an open state. After the bet open time, the betting window is in the open state and a player is allowed to place one or more bets or wagers on the associated game cycle. In an embodiment, the player is allowed to place one or more side bets or wagers on at least one additional game of chance when the betting window is in the open state.
The bet close time represents a point in time in which the betting window transitions from an open state to a closed state. After the bet close time, the betting window is in the closed state and the player is no longer allowed to place bets or wagers on the associated game cycle. In an embodiment, the bet close time precedes a time that the roulette ball settles in one of the plurality of ball slots. In an embodiment, the bet close time precedes a time that the roulette ball exits the annular track. In an embodiment, the bet close time is adjustable based on an inertial value associated with the roulette ball.
In operation, roulette machine 110 utilizes one or more random number generators to control various mechanical aspects of the live roulette games. The one or more random number generators are used to increase a randomization of events composing the live roulette games. Increasing the randomization of events composing the live roulette games reduces a likelihood that game cycle results are predictable. For example, random number generators may dictate a velocity that a roulette ball is launched into the angled annular track, a number of times that a roulette ball rotates around the angular track, a direction the roulette ball spins while rotating around the angular track, a timing of various events composing the live roulette games, and the like.
Central display 120 is configured to present players and other guests of the casino or other gaming establishment with information associated with the live roulette games operated by roulette machine 110. Such information may be presented in a visual format, an auditory format, or a combination thereof. The information presented by central display 120 may include information regarding individual results of previous game cycles, a state of a current betting window associated with roulette machine 110, statistics about previous games cycles, an operating condition of roulette machine 110, a progressive jackpot associated with roulette machine 110, and the like. In an embodiment, central display 120 is further configured to present players and other guests of the casino or other gaming establishment with advertising media.
Each play station among the plurality of play stations 130 is generally configured to enable a player to participate in the live roulette games operated by roulette machine 110. In an embodiment, each play station among the plurality of play stations 130 is further configured to enable the player to participate in at least one additional game of chance. In an embodiment, the at least one game of chance is operated by a gaming device other than roulette machine 110. For example, a play station 130 may enable the player to fund a credit balance for placing bets, place bets on games of chance (e.g., the live roulette game operated by roulette machine 110), receive winnings associated with bets placed on games of chance, and the like. In an embodiment, a play station may enable the player to interact with an object associated with a game of chance. Examples of such objects include dice, a ball, a wheel, and the like.
As best seen in
GUI 200 may also display an electronic representation of a felt betting area 220 (or layout) for live roulette games operated by roulette machine 110. The player may wager on the live roulette games by placing one or more virtual chips 230 onto the felt betting area 220. For example, the player may place virtual chips 230 onto an area of felt betting area 220 that identifies a particular ball slot in which the player believes a roulette ball will come to rest within a particular game cycle. As another example, the player may place virtual chips 230 onto an area of felt betting area 220 that identifies a particular range of ball slots in which the player believes a roulette ball will come to rest. The player may also place virtual chips 230 onto felt betting area 220 to bet that during a particular game cycle a roulette ball will come to rest in a ball slot associated with a particular color (e.g., red or black). As another example, the player may also place virtual chips 230 onto felt betting area 220 to bet that a roulette ball will come to rest in a ball slot associated with an odd or even number.
A wagering update area 240 of GUI 200 may also present information regarding an amount currently wagered by the player on the live roulette games operated by roulette machine 110. Information regarding a payout amount won by the player through previous bets may also be presented to the player in wagering update area 240. In an embodiment, wagering update area 240 may also present the player with information regarding an aggregate amount wagered and/or won in a current session. In an embodiment, wagering update area 240 may also present the player with information regarding an aggregate amount wagered and/or won within a predetermined period of time (e.g., hour, day, month, year, lifetime, etc.).
GUI 200 may also present a status update area 250 that provides the player with information about a current game cycle of the live roulette games operated by roulette machine 110. For example, status update area 250 may inform the player that a betting window associated with the current game cycle is in an open state. The betting window is in the open state between a bet open time and a bet close time. As long as the betting window remains in the open state, the player is free to wager on the current game cycle of the live roulette games. The betting window associated with the current game cycle transitions from the open state to a closed state when the bet close time is reached. Status update area 250 may inform the player that a betting window associated with the current game cycle is in the closed state.
A historical data area 260 of GUI 200 may provide the player with information about results from previous game cycles of the live roulette games. For example, historical data area 260 may display a sequence of individual results from the previous game cycles. As another example, historical data area 260 may display statistical information about the previous game cycles. The statistical information may include a percentage of a predetermined number of previous game cycles in which the roulette ball came to rest in a particular color, a ball slot associated with an odd number, a particular range of ball slots, and the like.
Turning to
In an embodiment, roulette machine 300 further includes at least one inertial data sensor 360 associated with annular track 330, such as being incorporated into the annular track 330 in some manner. Inertial data sensor 360 is configured to obtain inertial information associated with a roulette ball launched into annular track 330. Examples of such inertial information include a velocity that the roulette ball is launched into annular track 330, deceleration of the roulette ball's velocity after being launched into annular track 330, and the like. The inertial information obtained by inertial data sensor 360 may be used to determine inertial-related information associated with the roulette ball subsequent to being launched into annular track 330, and the like. Such inertial-related information may include a number of time that the roulette ball rotates within angular track (“ball revolutions”), a direction the roulette ball spins while rotating around angular track 330, a velocity that the roulette ball spins while rotating around angular track 330, and the like.
In an embodiment, roulette machine 300 further includes at least one image sensor 370. The at least one image sensor 370 is configured to capture image data associated with particular game cycles of the live roulette games operated by roulette machine 300. Image sensor 370 may provide the captured image data to a controller associated with roulette machine 300 as a video stream, a sequence of individual image frames, raw image data, and the like. In an embodiment, a controller (in the form of a computer system, see
In an embodiment, image sensor 370 is configured to capture image data on a continuous basis. For example, the image data captured by image sensor 370 may provide a live video feed of the live roulette games operated by roulette machine 300. In an embodiment, image sensor 370 is configured to capture image data for a predefined period of a particular game cycle. For example, such predefined periods may be associated with a roulette ball being launched into annular track 330, a roulette ball coming to rest in a particular ball slot of roulette wheel 320, a betting window associated with a particular game cycle, and the like.
In an embodiment, image sensor 370 is configured to capture image data associated with a particular area of roulette wheel 320. Examples of the particular area include launch point 350, an arc portion of annular track 330, a predefined reference point of roulette wheel 320, a table stop position of roulette wheel 320, and the like.
In an embodiment, roulette machine 300 further includes one or more audio output devices 380 (e.g., speakers). As best seen in
Because the roulette wheel 320 is covered by transparent cover 310, it may not be possible for players to hear the ball as it spins and jumps around on the roulette wheel 320, which for some players changes a favored aspect of the game. Hence, the audio output devices 380 may play sounds that correspond to the movement of the ball as it launched, as it moves around the annular track 330, as it bounces around on the roulette wheel 320, and as it settles into a ball slot. Lighting may also be employed to help players follow the movement of the ball.
In response to receiving a launch command, ball launch assembly 600 introduces a roulette ball into the launch device 620, where propulsion from the propulsion assembly 610 launches the roulette ball through the ball launch tube 630. Launch device 620 imparts a motion to the ball thereby launching the roulette ball into the annular track of the roulette machine. Various means may be used by launch device 620 to impart motion to the roulette ball, such as spring-based propulsion, electromagnetic propulsion, vacuum propulsion, pressurized air propulsion, and the like. For example, launch device 620 may be implemented using a vacuum generator, a regulated air fan for blowing the ball out of the launch tube, a spring-actuated ball collider, a variable magnet, and the like.
After a prolonged period of operation of a roulette machine, the roulette balls will begin to wear, which can negatively impact the controllability of the roulette machine. Accordingly, the roulette balls need to periodically be replaced. Traditionally, this required that the roulette machine be shut down so the ball launch device 620, typically positioned under the roulette wheel 320, can be accessed. If the roulette machine is going to be shut down, then it might as well be cleaned too, so this often results in the roulette machines being out of operation, and therefore not generating revenue, for a longer period of time, which casino operators did not appreciate. However, just because the roulette balls need to be replaced does not mean that the entire machine really needs cleaning as well, so if roulette balls could be replaced more readily without requiring the roulette machine to be taken out of service, that would be preferable.
In an embodiment, an automatic ball-change mechanism or magazine 640 may be added to the launch device 620 so as to further extend the operational period of a roulette machine between maintenance and cleanings. As shown in
The magazine 640 may further include a base plate 648 over which the revolving mechanism 642 rotates, a ball change motor 650, two optical sensors and two inductive proximity sensors. The inductive sensors, which may serve to detect the position of the revolving mechanism 642, are best illustrated in
Once the current game ball has been used a predetermined number of times, for example as many as 10,000 times, the current game ball may be changed to a next roulette ball. The process by which this is may be possible is illustrated in
In an embodiment, the magazine may also be used to introduce a further random event, the launching of a special roulette ball, referred to herein as a “golden ball.” As illustrated in
In operation, the white ball 1302 would be used for some period of time until a random number generator determines that a golden ball 1300 should be used in place of the white ball 1302. When a golden ball 1300 is to be used, the revolving mechanism may be rotated to trap the current game ball, but the revolving mechanism would not rotate forward again once the current game ball is trapped, but rather reverse so that a golden ball 1300 is release instead of the white ball. This is further illustrated in
When golden balls are used, a couple of additional inductive proximity sensors may also be used. Sensor 1304 may be used in the same manner as sensors 652 and 654 to keep track of when the revolving mechanism is in the even position. Sensor 1306 senses when a golden ball is being used and provides an alert to the roulette machine 300 so different game play for the golden ball can be initiated. Sensor 1306 may be extra sensitive to either magnetic material used in the golden ball or capable of detecting metal races added to the golden ball coating.
The present disclosure describes particular embodiments and their detailed construction and operation. The embodiments described herein are set forth by way of illustration only and not limitation. Those skilled in the art will recognize, in light of the teachings herein, that there may be a range of equivalents to the exemplary embodiments described herein. Most notably, other embodiments are possible, variations can be made to the embodiments described herein, and there may be equivalents to the components, parts, or steps that make up the described embodiments. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, certain aspects of components or steps of certain embodiments are presented without undue detail where such detail would be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein and/or where such detail would obfuscate an understanding of more pertinent aspects of the embodiments.
The techniques described above can be implemented on a computing device associated with a gaming device (e.g., a roulette machine operating a live roulette game), a plurality of computing devices associated with a plurality of gaming devices, a controller in communication with the gaming device(s) (e.g., a controller configured to synchronize the gaming devices(s)), or a plurality of controllers in communication with the gaming device(s). Additionally, the techniques may be distributed between the computing device(s) and the controller(s).
In a basic configuration, the computing system may include at least a processor, a system memory, a storage device, input/output peripherals, communication peripherals, and an interface bus. Instructions stored in the memory may be executed by the processor to perform a variety of methods and operations, including the roulette wheel velocity adjustments and result detection optimization, as described above. The computing system components may be present in the gaming device, in a server or other component of a network, or distributed between some combinations of such devices.
The interface bus is configured to communicate, transmit, and transfer data, controls, and commands between the various components of the electronic device. The system memory and the storage device comprise computer readable storage media, such as RAM, ROM, EEPROM, hard-drives, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, flash memory, and other tangible storage media. Any of such computer readable storage medium can be configured to store instructions or program codes embodying aspects of the disclosure. Additionally, the system memory comprises an operation system and applications. The processor is configured to execute the stored instructions and can comprise, for example, a logical processing unit, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor, and the like.
The system memory and the storage device may also comprise computer readable signal media. A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated signal may take any of variety of forms including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use in connection with the computing system.
Further, the input and output peripherals include user interfaces such as a keyboard, screen, microphone, speaker, other input/output devices, and computing components such as digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, graphical processing units, serial ports, parallel ports, and universal serial bus. The input/output peripherals may also include a variety of sensors, such as light, proximity, GPS, magnetic field, altitude, and velocity/acceleration. RSSI, and distance sensors, as well as other types of sensors. The input/output peripherals may be connected to the processor through any of the ports coupled to the interface bus.
The user interfaces can be configured to allow a user of the computing system to interact with the computing system. For example, the computing system may include instructions that, when executed, cause the computing system to generate a user interface and carry out other methods and operations that the user can use to provide input to the computing system and to receive an output from the computing system.
This user interface may be in the form of a graphical user interface that is rendered at the screen and that is coupled with audio transmitted on the speaker and microphone and input received at the keyboard. In an embodiment, the user interface can be locally generated at the computing system. In another embodiment, the user interface may be hosted on a remote computing system and rendered at the computing system. For example, the server may generate the user interface and may transmit information related thereto to the computing device that, in turn, renders the user interface to the user. The computing device may, for example, execute a browser or an application that exposes an application program interface (API) at the server to access the user interface hosted on the server.
Finally, the communication peripherals of the computing system are configured to facilitate communication between the computing system and other computing systems (e.g., between the computing device and the server) over a communications network. The communication peripherals include, for example, a network interface controller, modem, various modulators/demodulators and encoders/decoders, wireless and wired interface cards, antenna, and the like.
The communication network includes a network of any type that is suitable for providing communications between the computing device and the server and may comprise a combination of discrete networks which may use different technologies. For example, the communications network includes a cellular network, a WiFi/broadband network, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a telephony network, a fiber-optic network, or combinations thereof. In an example embodiment, the communication network includes the Internet and any networks adapted to communicate with the Internet. The communications network may be also configured as a means for transmitting data between the computing device and the server.
The techniques described above may be embodied in, and fully or partially automated by, code modules executed by one or more computers or computer processors. The code modules may be stored on any type of non-transitory computer-readable medium or computer storage device, such as hard drives, solid state memory, optical disc, and/or the like. The processes and algorithms may be implemented partially or wholly in application-specific circuitry. The results of the disclosed processes and process steps may be stored, persistently or otherwise, in any type of non-transitory computer storage such as, e.g., volatile or non-volatile storage.
As previously noted, the various features and processes described above may be used independently of one another, or may be combined in various ways. All possible combinations and sub-combinations are intended to fall within the scope of this disclosure. In addition, certain method or process blocks may be omitted in some implementations. The methods and processes described herein are also not limited to any particular sequence, and the blocks or states relating thereto can be performed in other sequences that are appropriate. For example, described blocks or states may be performed in an order other than that specifically disclosed, or multiple blocks or states may be combined in a single block or state. The example blocks or states may be performed in serial, in parallel, or in some other manner. Blocks or states may be added to or removed from the disclosed example embodiments. The example systems and components described herein may be configured differently than described. For example, elements may be added to, removed from, or rearranged compared to the disclosed example embodiments.
Conditional language used herein, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” “may,” “e.g.,” and the like, unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements, and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without author input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and the like are synonymous and are used inclusively, in an open-ended fashion, and do not exclude additional elements, features, acts, operations, and so forth. Also, the term “or” is used in its inclusive sense (and not in its exclusive sense) so that when used, for example, to connect a list of elements, the term “or” means one, some, or all of the elements in the list.
The present disclosure describes particular embodiments and their detailed construction and operation. The embodiments described herein are set forth by way of illustration only and not limitation. Those skilled in the art will recognize, in light of the teachings herein, that there may be a range of equivalents to the exemplary embodiments described herein. Most notably, other embodiments are possible, variations can be made to the embodiments described herein, and there may be equivalents to the components, parts, or steps that make up the described embodiments. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, certain aspects of components or steps of certain embodiments are presented without undue detail where such detail would be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein and/or where such detail would obfuscate an understanding of more pertinent aspects of the embodiments.
The terms and descriptions used above are set forth by way of illustration only and are not meant as limitations. Those skilled in the art will recognize that those and many other variations, enhancements and modifications of the concepts described herein are possible without departing from the underlying principles of the invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be determined only by the following claims and their equivalents.
This application claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of Provisional U.S. Patent Application No. 62/569,125, filed Oct. 6, 2017, the contents of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62569125 | Oct 2017 | US |
