Patent Grant
7972201
The present invention relates to ruckers that can be used to load sleeves of material onto product chutes that, in operation, release the covering material to package products therein, and may be particularly suitable for fixed diameter covering materials.
Certain types of commodity and/or industrial items can be packaged by placing the desired product(s) in a covering material and then applying a closure clip or clips to end portions of the covering material to secure the product(s) therein. For non-flowable piece goods, the piece goods can be held individually in a respective clipped package, or as a group of goods in a single package. The covering material can be any suitable material, typically a casing and/or netting material.
Generally described, when packaging a piece good product in netting, the product is manually pushed through a netting chute. The product can include, by way of example, a non-flowable semi-solid and/or solid object such as a meat product including whole or half hams, turkey, chicken, and the like. The netting chute holds a length of a netting sleeve over the exterior thereof. A first downstream end portion of the netting is typically closed using a first clip. As the product exits the netting chute, it is covered with the netting. An operator can then orient the product inside the netting between the discharge end of the chute and the clipped first end portion of the netting. The operator can then pull the netting so that the netting is held relatively tight (typically stretched or in tension) over the product. The operator then uses his/her hands to compress or gather the open end of the netting (upstream of the product) and then manually applies a clip to the netting, typically using a Tipper Tie® double clipper apparatus. A clip attachment apparatus or “clippers” are well known to those of skill in the art and include those available from Tipper Tie, Inc., of Apex, N.C., including product numbers Z3214, Z3202, and Z3200. Examples of clip attachment apparatus and/or packaging apparatus are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,389,533; 3,499,259; 4,683,700; 5,161,347, and co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/951,578 (Pub. No. US-2005-0039419-A1), the contents of these documents are hereby incorporated by reference as if recited in full herein.
The double clipper concurrently applies two clips to the netting proximate the open (upstream) end of the package. One clip defines the first end portion of the next package and the other defines the trailing or second end portion of the package then being closed. A cutting mechanism incorporated in the clipper apparatus can sever the two packages before the enclosed package is removed from the clipper apparatus. U.S. Pat. No. 4,766,713 describes a double clipper apparatus used to apply two clips to a casing covering. U.S. Pat. No. 5,495,701 proposes a clipper with a clip attachment mechanism configured to selectively fasten a single clip or two clips simultaneously. The mechanism has two punches, one of which is driven directly by a pneumatic cylinder and the other of which is connected to the first punch using a pin and key assembly. The pin and key assembly allows the punches to be coupled or decoupled to the pneumatic cylinder drive to apply one single clip or two clips simultaneously. U.S. Pat. No. 5,586,424 proposes an apparatus for movement of U-shaped clips along a rail. The apparatus includes a clip feed for advancing clips on a guide rail and the arm is reciprocally driven by a piston and cylinder arrangement. The contents of each of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference as if recited in full herein.
To place a sleeve of the selected covering on the product chute, an automated or semi-automated rucker may be employed. This type of process is often described by those of skill in the art as “shirring” or “rucking” In the past, ruckers have been configured to reciprocate a netting tube or chute vertically to load the netting. Generally stated, the netting is stretched over the chute and stationary spring-loaded fingers circumferentially surround the tube and engage with openings in netting to pull segments of netting over the outer surface of the netting chute so that the netting covers a substantial portion of the length of the chute. In operation, the fingers flex from a normal horizontal orientation to contact the netting and carry the netting down during an upward stroke of the netting chute and slide over the netting during the downward stroke of the chute. An example of a prior art rucker that uses circumferentially mounted paddles that flex downward when the chute travels down to avoid the netting is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,273,481, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if recited in full herein.
Unfortunately, conventional ruckers may not be suitable for shirring one or more of fixed diameter materials, delicate compression fit netting, or materials that may be susceptible to breaking and/or have less resilience than conventional elastic open weave netting types. In addition, conventional ruckers may not be suitably configured to operate with non-cylindrical product chutes.
Some embodiments of the present invention provide ruckers that are capable of rucking fixed diameter covering materials, delicate and/or relatively inelastic covering materials, and/or ruckers that can accommodate non-circular profiles.
Some embodiments are directed to apparatus for rucking sleeves of covering material onto a chute body. The apparatus include: (a) a housing; (b) a translating member disposed in the housing having an axis of movement configured to reciprocally translate a chute body about the axis of movement; and (c) at least one gripping member disposed in the housing in cooperating alignment with the translating member. Each at least one gripping member has a gripping edge portion that defines a gripping surface. The at least one gripping member is configured to reciprocally translate generally orthogonal to the axis of movement. In operation, the at least one gripping member has an automated stroke cycle whereby the at least one gripping member is configured to travel inwardly a distance sufficient to snugly abut an outer surface of the chute body while the chute body travels in a first direction about the axis of movement and to travel outwardly a sufficient distance to prevent contact with the chute body while the chute body travels in a second opposing direction about the axis of movement.
Other embodiments are directed toward automated methods of rucking sleeves of covering material onto a product chute. The methods include: automatically reciprocally translating a product chute between a first direction and an opposing second direction about an axis of movement; and automatically reciprocally translating a plurality of gripping members substantially orthogonally to the axis of movement while the product chute is translating so that: (a) the gripping members abut the product chute while the product chute is traveling in the first direction; and (b) the gripping members are translating away from or are in a retracted configuration spaced apart from the product chute while the product chute is traveling in the second direction.
Other embodiments are directed toward computer program products for operating an automated rucking apparatus. The computer program product includes a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied in the medium. The computer-readable program code includes: (a) computer readable program code configured to direct the movement of a translating member to automatically reciprocally cause the product chute to move in opposing directions about an axis of movement with decreasing distance stroke cycles over a rucking operation; and (b) computer readable program code configured to direct a plurality of gripping members to automatically reciprocally move in a direction that is generally orthogonal to the axis of movement, with the movement of the gripping members being timed to cause the gripping members to snugly abut the product chute when the translating member is moving in the first direction and to cause the gripping members to move away from the product chute when the translating member is moving in the second direction.
Other embodiment are directed to loading caps for a rucker apparatus that include a pair of cooperating spring-loaded members attached to each other to be resiliently compressible side-to-side.
In some embodiments, the loading cap may have a non-circular perimeter shape. In other embodiments, the loading cap may have a generally or substantially circular profile. In particular embodiments, the pair of members may be configured as substantial mirror images of each other and define a loading cap with a generally arcuate profile portion that merges into a generally planar portion.
Other embodiments are directed to loading caps for a rucker apparatus that are sized and configured to extend a proximal distance above a first end of a product chute. The loading cap has a first internal portion that is sized and configured to reside a distance inside the product chute and a second external portion overlying the first portion with an increased cross-sectional area sufficient to cause the outer edge portions thereof to reside outside the bounds of the first end of the product chute. The second portion of the loading cap has rounded outer edges that contact and guide covering material being pulled over the chute to thereby inhibit contact with the first end of the product chute.
These and other objects and/or aspects of the present invention are explained in detail in the specification set forth below.
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying figures, in which embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. In the figures, certain layers, components or features may be exaggerated for clarity, and broken lines illustrate optional features or operations, unless specified otherwise. In addition, the sequence of operations (or steps) is not limited to the order presented in the claims unless specifically indicated otherwise. Where used, the terms “attached”, “connected”, “contacting”, “coupling” and the like, can mean either directly or indirectly, unless stated otherwise. The term “concurrently” means that the operations are carried out substantially simultaneously.
In the description of the present invention that follows, certain terms are employed to refer to the positional relationship of certain structures relative to other structures. As used herein, the term “front” or “forward” and derivatives thereof refer to the general or primary direction that the clips travel toward a target product for closure and/or the direction that the target filled or stuffed product in casing material travel; this term is intended to be synonymous with the term “downstream,” which is often used in manufacturing or material flow environments to indicate that certain material traveling or being acted upon is farther along in that process than other material. Conversely, the terms “rearward” and “upstream” and derivatives thereof refer to the directions opposite, respectively, the forward and downstream directions.
As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. As used herein, phrases such as “between X and Y” and “between about X and Y” should be interpreted to include X and Y. As used herein, phrases such as “between about X and Y” mean “between about X and about Y.” As used herein, phrases such as “from about X to Y” mean “from about X to about Y.”
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the specification and relevant art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. Well-known functions or constructions may not be described in detail for brevity and/or clarity.
The term “automated” and “automatic” refers to operations that are carried out without requiring manual assistance and are typically carried out using electronic controls and programmatic direction. The terms also contemplate the use of manual activation of the automatic operations. The term “iteratively” means to generally successively adjust (typically decrease) the stroke distance of the translating member after each stroke or a number of successive strokes. The term “frame” means a generally skeletal structure used to support one or more assemblies, modules and/or components. The term “modular” means that a subassembly is designed with standardized dimensions, mounting features and/or configurations for interchangeable use with replacement modules of the same or similar type and/or other selected different modules.
The present invention is particularly suitable for providing covering materials that may employ closure clips to enclose discrete objects in the covering material. The covering material may be natural or synthetic and may be a casing material that can be sealed about a product or may be netting. The casing can be any suitable casing (edible or inedible, natural or synthetic) such as, but not limited to, collagen, cellulose, plastic, elastomeric or polymeric casing. The term “netting” refers to any open mesh material formed by any means including, for example, knotted, braided, extruded, stamped, knitted, woven or otherwise. Typically, the netting is configured so as to be stretchable in both axial and lateral directions, but fixed diameter netting or covering may also be used. In some embodiments, the covering material is a fixed diameter or compression netting material (known as “fixed diameter net”) comprising cotton, available from Jif Pak (Vista, Calif.) and PCM (Greenville, S.C.). In some embodiments, the covering material is substantially non-elastic or frangible when laterally stretched more than 10%, and typically cannot be stretched, without unacceptable degradation, more than 5% beyond the bounds of the underlying target chute. In some embodiments, the covering can be a generally closed weave delicate and/or relatively inelastic material (at least in the non-axial dimension).
Netting or other covering material may be used to package discrete meat products such as loaves of meat, boned ham, spiral sliced ham, deboned ham, turkey, turkey loaves held in molds, or other meat or items, directly or with the items held in subcontainers and/or wraps such as molds, trays, boxes, bags, absorbent or protective sheets, sealant, cans and the like. Other embodiments of the present invention may be directed to package other types of food such as cheese, bread, fruit, vegetables, and the like. Examples of non-food items that may be packaged using embodiments of the present invention include living items such as flora, trees, and the like, as well as inanimate objects. Additional examples of products include discrete, semi-solid or solid non-flowable objects such as firewood, pet food (typically held in a container if the wet type), recreational objects (such as toy or game balls), or other solid or semi-solid objects. The product may be packaged for any suitable industry including horticulture, aquaculture, agriculture, or other food industry, environmental, chemical, explosive, or other application. Netting may, be particularly useful to package ham or turkeys, manufactured hardware such as automotive parts, firewood, explosives, molded products, and other industrial, consumable, and/or commodity item(s).
Embodiments of the present invention may be particularly suitable for operating with delicate substantially inelastic (at least in the radial direction) netting, such as cotton fiber fixed diameter coverings that may be configured to hold large meat products, such as meat products weighing over 20 pounds, typically about 35-40 pounds. In some embodiments, the sleeves of covering placed on the product chute can be greater than or equal to about 120 feet in length and sufficient to enclose between about 50-80 discrete hams, and typically about 60 discrete hams.
In some embodiments, the covering is a closed weave material comprising cotton that is used to control the size of ham steaks to provide consistency in steak size, ham to ham. The tight weave of the covering is such that there is very little stretch (i.e., fixed diameter) such that the cross-sectional size (when stretched) is very close to that of the chute.
Generally stated, embodiments of the present invention are directed at automating the rucking of covering materials onto chutes that are used to package piece goods or discrete items by forcing the goods through a product chute and wrapping or enveloping the objects at the other end of the product chute in a covering material, such as netting as one or more of the goods exit the chute. In some embodiments, after the product(s) is enclosed in the packaging, a clip(s) or other attachment means can be automatically or semi-automatically applied to the covering material to thereby close a leading and/or trailing edge of the covering and hold the object or objects inside of the covering material. As noted above, clippers are available from Tipper Tie, Inc., of Apex, N.C. Examples of suitable clips include metallic generally “U”-shaped clips available from Tipper Tie, Inc., in Apex, N.C. Other clips, clip materials and clip configurations or closure means may also be used.
Referring now to
As shown, the rucker 10 can include a housing 42 that sits on a table 45 having a height sufficient to allow a translating actuator and cylinder 41 (
As shown by the exemplary operations in
In other embodiments, the chute 20 may be held generally stationary with the gripping members 50 configured to translate along the axis of movement as well as generally orthogonal thereto.
In any event, the translation along the axis of movement 40a (typically the chute) can have different stroke lengths so as to distribute lengths of the covering over a desired length of the chute. Typically, the first stroke is the longest and the last is the shortest. The translating member 40 can be configured so that the chute 20 may also stall a short time after it reaches an extended position(s). The chute 20 may be configured to travel the same distance several times to pull bunches of covering over a localized region of the chute before distributing covering to an upstream location on the chute 20. The translating member actuator 41 can be configured to travel decreasing stroke lengths whereby the chute 20 and platform 40 are translated at iteratively lesser distances to pull covering material over different portions of the chute body.
As shown in
The rucker 10 can be configured to inhibit operation until the chute 20 is in proper position and the access door of the housing 42 closed. An operator switch 45s can be used to initiate operation. In other embodiments, the rucker 10 can be configured to automatically initiate operation when the chute 20 is loaded (which can be automatically electronically confirmed using a proximity sensor and/or other position sensor and/or when the air lock 44 is engaged) and the door closed.
In some embodiments, one gripper member 501, 502 may converge (and/or move away) to contact the chute body 20 before the other. In other embodiments, the gripper members 501, 502 may be configured to converge (and/or move away) substantially concurrently.
The gripping members 501, 502 may be configured to operate based on a single actuator or multiple actuators. When using a single actuator, a linking mechanism can be used to force the gripping members against the body using the single actuator (not shown). In some embodiments, each gripping member or pairs of gripping members or combinations thereof (where more than two gripping members are used) may be configured to operate with a respective actuator 1901, 1902 (
As shown in
The gripping edge portion 50e can be structurally sufficiently rigid and mounted to substantially retain its shape and orientation during operation (both when contacting the chute and when not in contact with the chute). The gripping edge portion 50e and corresponding gripping surface 50s can have a substantially constant shape and orientation that is substantially inflexible in the direction of the axis of movement.
The gripping member configuration typically employs less than four spaced apart gripping members disposed at a common (typically fixed) axial location about the axis of movement.
As shown in
The gripping member configuration can be such that the respective gripping surfaces of each member 50 each occupies at least about 10% of the perimeter cross-sectional distance of the chute and so that, cumulatively, the gripping members occupy less than about 70% of the perimeter cross-sectional distance.
In some embodiments, the gripping members comprise four or less gripping members with gripping surfaces that combined provide a profile that is generally conformal to at least about 40% (and typically less than 80%) of a cross-sectional perimeter shape of the chute and the cross-sectional shape can be non-circular. In other embodiments, the shape may be generally or substantially circular.
As shown in
Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention can accommodate differently shaped chutes, different grippers, different braking pressures, different stroke lengths for different length chutes, different coverings, and the like.
As discussed above,
The operation and/or sequence of events may be programmatically controlled by a programmable logic controller. Certain operations may be selected by an operator input using a Human Machine Interface (“HMI”) to communicate with the controller as is well known to those of skill in the art.
As shown in
The data 451 may include a look-up chart of cycle times, synchronization data, different coverings, different chutes, covering material lengths, sensor feedback, safety interlock circuits and the like 456 corresponding to particular or target products for one or more producers, which may allow an operator to select certain operational parameters at the start of each shift, each rucking cycle, and/or production run and the like.
As will be appreciated by those of skill in the art, the operating system 452 may be any operating system suitable for use with a data processing system, such as OS/2, AIX, DOS, OS/390 or System390 from International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, N.Y., Windows CE, Windows NT, Windows95, Windows98 or Windows2000 from Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Wash., Unix or Linux or FreeBSD, Palm OS from Palm, Inc., Mac OS from Apple Computer, LabView, or proprietary operating systems. The I/O device drivers 458 typically include software routines accessed through the operating system 452 by the application programs 454 to communicate with devices such as I/O data port(s), data storage 456 and certain memory 414 components. The application programs 454 are illustrative of the programs that implement the various features of the data processing system and preferably include at least one application, which supports operations according to embodiments of the present invention. Finally, the data 456 represents the static and dynamic data used by the application programs 454, the operating system 452, the I/O device drivers 458, and other software programs that may reside in the memory 414.
While the present invention is illustrated, for example, with reference to the Module 450 being an application program in
The I/O data port can be used to transfer information between the data processing system, the locking member, the translating member, the gripping members and/or another computer system or a network (e.g., the Internet) or to other devices controlled by the processor. These components may be conventional components such as those used in many conventional data processing systems that may be configured in accordance with the present invention to operate as described herein.
In some embodiments, the Module 450 is configured to allow a user to select certain parameters associated with a desired nicking stroke cycle. For example, a user can select a desired repetition frequency (speed), repetition cycles per sleeve and/or per product, gripper contact force, stroke distance, and the like.
The data 456 may include a look-up chart of different casing run times (i.e., for a type of netting, selectable length and the like corresponding to particular or target products for one or more producers. The data 456 may include data from a proximity sensor and/or exhaustion of a sleeve of material detector that allows the computer program to automatically control the operation of the rucker.
For example, certain embodiments of the present invention are directed to a computer program product in a computer readable medium with: (a) computer readable program code configured to direct the movement of a translating member to automatically reciprocally cause the product chute to move in opposing directions about an axis of movement with decreasing distance stroke cycles over a rucking operation; and (b) computer readable program code configured to direct a plurality of gripping members to automatically reciprocally move in a direction that is generally orthogonal to the axis of movement, with the movement of the gripping members being timed to cause the gripping members to snugly abut the product chute when the translating member is moving in the first direction and to cause the gripping members to move away from the product chute when the translating member is moving in the second direction.
The computer program product may also include computer readable program code that is configured to adjust the translating member and gripping member stroke cycles and the computer readable program code that is configured to adjust the stroke cycles may be configured to accept user input to select parameters associated therewith.
The computer readable program code that is configured to provide adjustable stroke cycles can be configured to provide a plurality of pre-programmed different selectable parameters including at least one of: (a) a plurality of translating member frequencies; (b) a plurality of gripper pressures; and/or (c) a plurality of gripper and/or translating stroke distances.
While the present invention is illustrated, for example, with reference to particular divisions of programs, functions and memories, the present invention should not be construed as limited to such logical divisions. Thus, the present invention should not be construed as limited to the configuration of
The flowcharts and block diagrams of certain of the figures herein illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flow charts or block diagrams represents a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof. Although a few exemplary embodiments of this invention have been described, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the exemplary embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of this invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the claims. In the claims, means-plus-function clauses, where used, are intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Therefore, it is to be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications to the disclosed embodiments, as well as other embodiments, are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The invention is defined by the following claims, with equivalents of the claims to be included therein.
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/456,356, filed Jul. 10, 2006 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,704,129, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/698,568, filed Jul. 12, 2005, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if recited in full herein.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Parent | 11456356 | Jul 2006 | US |
| Child | 12723017 | US |
