The present invention is generally related to material web machines. More precisely, the present invention concerns a method and runnability device for achieving improved runnability of the material web in a material web machine, when the web progresses in the machine direction (MD), in other words in the direction of travel of the web, supported by a wire to a closing gap between the following support roll and the wire.
The present invention can be used for example in conjunction with a vacuum box in a drying unit of a material web machine, but the present invention can also be applied in conjunction with other types of drying unit concepts and web transfer concepts.
In the context of the present invention, the term material web machine refers generally to all types of machines used for the processing of web-like materials, where the web-like material can be:
FI publication 113973 presents a method and device for stabilizing the movement of a web wire in the press section of a material web machine in a rectilinear transfer of the web, while supported by a fabric, from one roll to a second roll, in other words on a support distance of the web wire. According to the publication, the web support device intensifies the vacuum effect on the fabric side in critical areas such as in the opening and closing gaps, and also in the edge areas of the web. In this case, suction slots which intensify the suction are connected to the critical areas by means of ejection nozzles. In the wide transverse central area of the web in machine and in cross-machine direction (CD), the vacuum effect is limited by arranging a controlled leakage flow or vacuum reduction flows implemented with limited counterblow. In this manner, according to the publication, a vacuum effect greater than before is concentrated to the adjacency of the support rolls of the fabric and to the edge areas of the web.
The operation of the presented felt suction box is influenced by sealing arranged completely with blowing, where the sealing also provides air to the transverse central area of the web, from where air then needs to be removed in addition to the flow of normal leakage air, in other words there is double effort when the same air is first blown and then sucked. The structure of felts is also considerably denser than that of drying wires, and felts carry significant amounts of water with them, so their contact with the suction box does not cause immediately as great friction forces as in drying wires, when impingement blowing also presses the wire towards the suction box and heats the web and wire. Forming sections and press sections generally include suction boxes which touch the wet wire or felt and which have a hardened and water-lubricated surface structure.
However, the specific problem with prior art continues to be that the edge of the web becomes loose from the wire at the gap which closes in the machine direction, at the edge areas of the gap which is formed between the wire and roll, when the web comes to the suction roll, such as to a vac roll or groove roll. In the context of the present invention, the edge area of the closing gap refers to that part of the closing gap which is in cross-machine direction (CD) at the edge of the gap, where the edge of the wire or web or web wire travels in the machine direction. The edge of the web becomes loose from the wire because of air brought by the roll and wire, and the goal is to remove this air:
In this case, great powers are needed so as to be able to eliminate the air accumulating in the closing gap in the edge areas from outside the web wire directly through the wire, by using a single vacuum level in the entire pocket. So that a vacuum could be created in the edge area of the closing gap, an unnecessarily high vacuum is created in the rest of the pocket space, in other words in the central area, with this high vacuum deflecting the wire towards the box. This type of deflection is harmful for example in impingement blowing, because the drying efficiency decreases as the distance grows, and when the drying efficiency is different in the center of the web wire than in the edges, a deviation in the cross-directional drying profile of the web takes place correspondingly at the edges. A small vacuum in the edge area also complicates tail threading and may cause for example folds in the web wire. Furthermore, a small vacuum in the edge area is harmful in view of edge trimming (width) of the web and control of impingement blowing. Another weakness in prior art technology is that it is difficult to adjust the location or width or intensity of the area of the vacuum effect in the edge area. These problems are highlighted and accentuated as the running speed of the web wire increases.
One of the goals of the present invention is to eliminate or at least essentially reduce the problems and weaknesses of prior art solutions.
Another goal of the present invention is to accomplish a new and inventive runnability device for achieving improved runnability of the web in a material web machine.
A third goal of the present invention is to ensure that the web remains in contact with the wire which supports the web.
A fourth goal of the invention is to reduce the deflection of the web wire and hence to even out deviations in the CD drying profile.
A fifth goal of the invention is to reduce runnability problems and hence to enable increased web running speeds.
A sixth specific goal of the present invention is to improve opportunities to adjust the location, width and/or intensity of the area of the vacuum effect in the edge area.
In general, the goals of the present invention can be accomplished by means of a runnability device according to the invention in order to achieve improved runnability of the web in a material web machine, when the web travels in the machine direction supported by a wire into a closing gap between a roll and the wire, where the runnability device is typically a runnability box, for example a suction box, which is located on the side of the wire before the said roll and extends essentially over the width of the web so that there is a slot between the wire and the runnability device, and where the runnability device comprises devices for directing a vacuum from the side of the wire over the width of the web wire and/or over the width of the closing gap in the cross-machine direction so that the vacuum in the edge area of the web wire and/or in the edge area of the closing gap is higher than in the central area of the web wire, for example so that the runnability device comprises a vacuum device which accomplishes a vacuum effect and which is adjustable in the cross-machine direction.
According to one example of the present invention, the vacuum device of the runnability device is adjustable in the cross-machine direction by means of seals or a seal package.
According to one application example of the present invention, the sealing device can be composed of a labyrinth seal package which comprises at least two labyrinth seals located at a distance from each other, where the essentially straight counter faces of the labyrinth seals border between them a suction slot, the cross-section of which is essentially a parallelepipedon. In this case, the vacuum effect is created by a direct suction to the edge area of the web wire and/or of the closing gap from the side of the wire through the labyrinth seal package, and by the boundary-layer flow of air traveling with the web wire into the sealing device, and by a potential vacuum inside the runnability box, with the suction slot being open to the inside of the runnability box. The advantages of a labyrinth seal package include for example that a sufficient vacuum effect is achieved while at the same time the seal package is simple and economical.
According to another application example of the present invention, the sealing device can be composed of an edge nozzle which employs the ejection principle, where the edge nozzle is made up of two wall sections located at a distance from each other and where the wall sections have shaped counter faces, which are directed towards each other and which border between them an air blow slot, which forms an edge nozzle operating according to the ejection principle. In this case, the vacuum effect is created by ejection blowing to the edge area of the web and/or of the closing gap in the ejection blow slot and by the air flow with the web wire over the blow slot and, when also using a suction slot, by a potential vacuum inside the runnability device, with the suction slot being open to the inside of the runnability device. The advantage of the nozzle device is that a great vacuum effect can be achieved even with a small air flow. The vacuum effect can be adjusted for example by adjusting the blow flow and/or separate suction flow.
According to the present invention, the sealing device can be adjusted in the cross-machine direction for example as follows:
It is recommended that the sealing device, which can be adjusted in the cross-machine direction, be dimensioned and positioned so that it does not touch the web wire, which may deflect towards the runnability device by the effect of vacuum. However, some contact may occur between the web wire and the sealing device, and in order to avoid this contact or to minimize the resulting friction, the sealing device may be flexible in the direction of deflection of the web wire and/or potentially such that it wears at its contact locations to correspond to the shape of the deflecting wire. One preferred material for the sealing device is for example polytetrafluoroethylene such as sold under the trademark TeflonĀ®.
As far as the other special features of the invention are concerned, reference is made to the accompanying specific description and the accompanying claims.
Of the advantages achieved with the present invention, it can especially be stated that the edge of the web remains in contact with the wire also during impingement blowing, that the shrinkage of the web is reduced, and that the deflection of the wire is reduced and the wire remains smoother. Further advantages include that the wire support rolls, which are for example vac rolls with vacuum throughout their surface, can be equipped with intensified vacuum forming in the edge area. In this case, the vac rolls can be provided for example with denser grooving or denser suction holes in its edge areas. Instead of or in addition to grooves or suction holes, the vac rolls can be provided with separate suction chambers in the edge areas so that a greater vacuum is formed.
In what follows, the invention is described by means of one embodiment arranged preferably in the drying unit of a paper machine by making reference to the accompanying patent drawings.
The paper machine presented in
In the example of
In the dryer section C shown in
Runnability device 10 is used for achieving improved runnability of the web, when the web travels in the dryer section C in the support distance 64 between the first roll 62 and the second roll 63 following the first roll, supported by the wire 61 of the drying wire cycle 6, into the closing gap 65 between the second roll 63 and the wire 61 in the machine direction. The runnability device is typically a runnability box, such as a suction box, which is located on the inner cycle of the wire 61 of the drying wire cycle 6 before the second roll 63 and extends essentially over the width of the web W so that there is a slot between the wire 61 of the drying wire cycle 6 and the runnability device 10. The runnability device comprises vacuum devices 11, 12, preferably suction devices or blow devices, for directing the vacuum from the side of the wire of the drying wire cycle in the cross-machine direction over the width of the web wire W, 61, which comprises the web W and the wire 61 of the drying wire cycle, and/or over the width of the closing gap 65.
Reference is made to
In order to direct the vacuum affecting the web W, which travels in the machine direction, through the wire 61 of the drying wire cycle 6, which supports the web, to the desired location in the edge area E of the web W and/or in order to adjust the intensity of the vacuum affecting the web W through the wire of the drying wire cycle, the runnability device 10 comprises a vacuum device 11, 12, which accomplishes a vacuum effect, with the vacuum device 11, 12 being adjustable in the cross-machine direction.
According to the embodiment example of
Since the counter faces of the labyrinth seals 111, 112 are straight, the shape of the cross-sectional profile of the suction slot 13a is a hyperbola, with one of the following counter faces in the direction of air flow:
When the vacuum device is a labyrinth seal package 111, 112, the vacuum effect in the edge area E of the web wire W, 61 and/or in the edge area 64 (see
Reference is made to
Such an edge nozzle 12 according to
When the vacuum device 12 in the runnability box is a blow slot employing the ejection principle, the vacuum is accomplished in the edge area E of the web wire W, 61 and/or in the edge area 64 of the closing gap 65:
Reference is made to
Reference is made to
In the side view of
In the top view of
Within the basic idea of the invention, the sealing device can be adjusted in the cross-machine direction in many different ways. For example, the vacuum device 11, 12 can be moved on the side of the wire 61 of the drying wire cycle 6 to an optional distance from the edge of the web wire W, 61, whereby the location of the vacuum effect in the edge area E of the web wire and/or in the edge area 64 of the closing gap can be adjusted. Moreover, it is possible to adjust, simultaneously with the above adjustment or separately, the angle between the vacuum device and the machine direction, whereby the distance of at least one end of the sealing device in the cross-machine direction or in the Z-direction from the edge of the web wire can change in the machine direction depending on the distance to the closing gap 65. In this case, especially the intensity of the vacuum effect can be adjusted in the cross-machine direction in the edge area of the web wire. Moreover, the cross-directional angle of the sealing devices may prevent the formation of a boundary layer in the edge area of the closing gap. Furthermore, it is possible to adjust, simultaneously with the above adjustments or separately, the width of the suction slot 13a of the sealing device, whereby the velocity of the air flow in the air slot can be influenced essentially so that especially the intensity of the vacuum effect in the edge area of the web wire and/or over the entire distance of the edge area of the closing gap can be adjusted.
According to the invention, it is recommended that the sealing device which can be adjusted in the cross-machine direction does not touch the web wire W, 61 so that friction resulting from the contact can be minimized between the moving wire 61 of the drying wire cycle 6 and the stationary sealing device 111 , 112, 14. However, it may be advantageous that the sealing device is flexible in the direction of deflection of the web wire and/or potentially such that it wears at its contact locations to correspond to the shape of the wire of the drying wire cycle, with this wire deflecting to the web wire. In this case, one recommended sealing device material is TeflonĀ®.
The invention is described above only using an example of a preferred embodiment. However, the invention is in no way confined to only concern such an individual embodiment example, but within the scope of protection of the inventive idea specified by the accompanying claims, many alternative solutions and modifications as well as functionally different alternatives are possible.
It is therefore to be noted that the location of the runnability box is naturally not confined to the drying unit alone, but the present invention can be applied in any processing unit of a paper machine, or more generally, of a material web machine, where there is a need to ensure that the web remains in contact with the wire. It is also to be noted that instead of placing the runnability box in a single support distance in a processing unit or units of a material web machine, the runnability box can also be placed in several support distances (see for example
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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20065241 | Apr 2006 | FI | national |