Patent Grant
10427649
The invention relates to a windscreen wiper device for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.
Windscreen wiper devices typically have a wiper arm or wiper lever wherein a wiper blade is moved over the windscreen of a motor vehicle. The wiper blade is moved between a first turning position and a second turning position. For this purpose the wiper arm is connected to a wiper motor via the drive shaft. The wiper blade easily loses contact with the windscreen particularly on windscreens having severe changes in curvature and in the event of great temperature fluctuations. This can lead to unwiped wiping areas or to the formation of streaks particularly in the case of severely curved windscreens.
Since a wiping process has to be optimized with regard to a number of parameters, such as for example the amount of rain on the windscreen, any snow which may possibly be on the windscreen, the speed of the vehicle and thus the resulting wind pressure on the wiper arm, it may not be easily possible to reliably prevent streaks from forming just by adapting the pressure of the wiper arm on the windscreen. There is therefore a need to substantially improve the windscreen wiper devices.
For this improvement there are a plurality of peripheral conditions which have to be additionally taken into consideration. There is thus a need to ensure or improve the safety during handling and the user friendliness.
The object of the present invention is to provide a reliable substantially streak-free wiping of a windscreen of a vehicle and/or to provide a reliable windscreen wiper device with simple handling, more particularly simple fitting and dismantling which prevents damage to the windscreen wiper device, even with higher loads.
According to one embodiment a windscreen wiper device for a vehicle is provided with a fastening element fastened on a drive shaft, more particularly for a motor vehicle. The windscreen wiper device comprises a wiper blade with an elongated upper part which is configured flexibly at least in part, an elongated lower part which is configured flexibly at least in part, and several connecting elements for connecting the upper part and the lower part, wherein the connecting elements are spaced out from one another along a longitudinal extension of the wiper blade, and wherein the connecting elements are designed in order to enable a movement of the upper part and the lower part relative to one another with a component of movement along a longitudinal extension of the wiper blade. The windscreen wiper device furthermore contains a fastening part on the wiper blade side wherein the fastening part on the wiper blade side is detachably connectable to the fastening element, and a coupling device wherein the fastening part on the wiper blade side and the fastening element can be connected for conjoint rotation via the coupling device until a defined torque value is exceeded.
According to a further embodiment a method is provided for restricting a torque which acts on a wiper arm of the windscreen wiper device. The method comprises providing a fastening element which can be fastened on a drive shaft of a vehicle; and providing a wiper blade with fastening part which can be connected detachably to the fastening element. The method furthermore comprises assembling together the fastening part of the wiper arm with the fastening element by means of a coupling device, more particularly a coupling device having a coupling element and a guide element, wherein through this assembly a connection between the fastening element and the fastening part of the wiper arm is produced which is secured against rotation up to a defined torque of the wiper blade.
Preferred embodiments and particular aspects of the invention are apparent from the dependent claims, the drawings and the present description.
According to the embodiments of the invention described here, windscreen wiper devices for vehicles can be easily prepared and fitted with a safety overload device in a particularly favorable manner and for a number of different useful fields. The embodiments of the invention furthermore enable a reliable substantially streak-free wiping of a vehicle windscreen.
According to one embodiment a windscreen wiper device for a vehicle is provided with a fastening element fastened on a drive shaft, more particularly for a motor vehicle. The windscreen wiper device comprises a wiper blade with an elongated upper part which is designed at least partially flexibly, an elongated lower part which is designed at least partially flexibly, and several connecting elements for connecting the upper part and the lower part, wherein the connecting elements are spaced out from each other along a longitudinal extension of the wiper blade, and wherein the connecting elements are configured to enable a movement of the upper part and lower part relative to each other with a movement component along a longitudinal extension of the wiper blade. The windscreen wiper device furthermore comprises a fastening part on the wiper blade side, wherein the fastening part on the wiper blade side can be connected to the fastening element in detachable manner, and a coupling device, wherein the fastening part on the wiper blade side, and the fastening element can be connected for conjoint rotation via the coupling device until a defined torque value is exceeded. A fastening concept can hereby be provided for a windscreen wiper device which connects the drive shaft to the wiper arm for conjoint rotation during normal operation and at the same time prevents damage to the wiper arm during excessive loads on the wiper arm.
According to a further preferred embodiment when the defined torque value is exceeded the fastening part on the wiper blade side is detachable from the fastening element, wherein particularly when the defined torque is exceeded the fastening part on the wiper blade side is released from the fastening element. A reliable separation of the relevant components is thereby achieved and damage to the components through high torque loads is prevented.
According to a further preferred embodiment the windscreen wiper device furthermore comprises the fastening element wherein the coupling device comprises in particular a coupling element which is attached to the fastening element and moves when the defined torque value is reached. By providing a movable coupling element on the fastening element the wiper arm and the fastening part of the wiper arm can be designed and produced in a very simple commercially viable manner. In one example the fastening part of the wiper arm can have furthermore, for fastening on the fastening element, a cavity providing contact faces for the fastening element. The wiper arm can thus be fitted in a simple commercially viable manner whilst the function of the movable coupling element remains in the fastening element.
According to a further preferred embodiment, in the event of torque values below the defined torque value the coupling device produces a force-fitting and/or form-fitting connection between the fastening element and the fastening part of the wiper arm. A rotationally secured connection between the fastening element and the fastening part can thereby be produced, and more particularly the rotation of the drive shaft, to which the fastening element can be fastened, can be transferred to the wiper blade.
According to a further preferred embodiment the coupling device comprises a coupling element with a radius and a guide element which bears at least partially against the coupling element in the event of torques below the defined torque, wherein more particularly the coupling element is attached to the fastening element and the guide element is attached to the fastening part of the wiper arm. This represents a simple, reliable way of restricting the torque taking into account the structural conditions and advantageous embodiments of the fastening part and the fastening element.
According to a further preferred embodiment a rotationally secured connection between the fastening element and the fastening part can be produced by the guide element which bears against the coupling element. It is then advantageous that both the stable support of the fastening part of the wiper blade on the fastening element and also the coupling function of the coupling element and the guide element can be provided.
According to a further preferred embodiment the coupling device furthermore comprises a force-producing element, more particularly a spring, which is attached to the coupling element. The coupling element can be held in a stable position by a force-producing element on the coupling element up to a certain force or a certain torque which acts on the force-producing element.
According to a further preferred embodiment the coupling element and the guide element are configured so that the coupling element with radius on reaching the defined torque slips through the guide element and then more particularly releases the rotationally secured connection between the fastening element and fastening part. The slip-through of the coupling element can be produced in particular by the complementary configuration of the coupling element radius and the guide element. Thus for example a correspondingly configured force-producing element can co-define the torque limit at which the coupling element slips through the guide element. This represents a reliable, easily achieved way of implementing the safety concept of the embodiments described here.
According to a further preferred embodiment the coupling device comprises a slip coupling. By using a slip coupling further safety aspects are included, more particularly after exceeding the toque limit value the wiper arm is not released from the fastening element but only the force transmission between the drive shaft and the wiper arm is interrupted.
According to a further preferred embodiment the fastening part on the wiper blade side is formed in one piece wherein the fastening part on the wiper blade side is in particular adapted to be produced by means of injection molding, more particularly an injection molding process in one step. These embodiments enable a simple, commercially viable manufacture of the fastening part of the wiper blade.
According to a further preferred embodiment the fastening part on the wiper blade side has a cavity wherein a guide element of the coupling device is located in this cavity and wherein the fastening part on the wiper blade side furthermore has in particular a contact point. This represents a reliable fastening of the fastening part and the fastening element which is secured against rotation.
According to a further preferred embodiment the fastening part on the wiper blade side can be formed free of metal and/or without movable elements. This can likewise serve for a simple configuration. For example a wiper blade can be made commercially viable as a spare part.
According to a further preferred embodiment the fastening part on the wiper blade side can be designed to enable rotation relative to the fastening element about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade and perpendicular to the drive axis relative to the fastening element in the event of a torque lower than the defined torque. A defined contact pressure of the wiper lip against the windscreen can hereby be produced. For example according to further embodiments the rotation of the fastening part relative to the fastening element is restricted to an angular region of 30° or less. This is consequently not a rotation which corresponds to the unfolding of the wiper blade away from the windscreen.
According to a further embodiment the plurality of connecting elements can be connected to the upper part at several upper connecting positions and to the lower part at several lower corresponding connecting positions wherein during movement of the upper part and of the lower part relative to one another the distance between an upper connecting position and a corresponding lower connecting position is substantially constant, more particularly is constant with a deviation of ±1 mm. A force-transmission between the upper part and the lower part can hereby be provided which enables a windscreen wiper device which operates according to the fin ray principle.
According to a further embodiment a method is provided for restricting a torque which acts on a wiper arm of a windscreen wiper device. The method comprises providing a fastening element which is fastenable to a drive shaft of a vehicle; and providing a wiper blade with a fastening part which can be connected detachably to the fastening element. The method furthermore comprises fitting together the fastening part of the wiper arm with the fastening element by means of a coupling device, more particularly a coupling device having a coupling element and a guide element wherein by through this assembly a connection is produced between the fastening element and the fastening part of the wiper arm which is secured against rotation up to a defined torque. A safety concept can thus be provided for a windscreen wiper device which prevents damage to the wiper blade in the event of a high torque load. In one example the method can furthermore comprise pressing the coupling element against the guide element by a force-producing element, more particularly a spring. A secure seat is thereby ensured during normal operation, i.e. without the influence of a high torque on the wiper arm.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures and will be described in further detail below. In the drawings:
In the following, unless mentioned otherwise, the same reference numerals are used for the same and similar-acting elements.
For example a swivel joint is provided at each of the connecting positions. During movement of the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 relative to one another the distance from an upper connecting position to a lower connecting position on the same connecting element does not essentially change, i.e. the distance is constant with deviations of for example ±1 mm, more particularly ±0.3 mm.
The wiper blade 2 furthermore has a head end 70. A fastening part 30, i.e. a fastening part 30 on the wiper blade side, is provided at the head end. The distance between the upper part 10 and the lower part 12, starting from the head end, becomes smaller along the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade 2, at least in the regions of the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade or in a major part of the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade. Starting from the head end the height of the wiper blade tapers wedge-shaped in regions, or becomes smaller in regions of the longitudinal extension. For example, according to embodiments for a plurality of connecting elements the length of the connecting elements can be provided such that the connecting elements provided at the head end are longer than those on the opposite side of the wiper blade along the longitudinal extension.
Through these properties a windscreen wiper device can be provided which functions according to the fin ray principle. These windscreen wiper devices typically have no articulated joint to lift the wiper blade or a wiper lip from a windscreen, for example a windscreen of a motor vehicle. For example the wiper blade 2 is released by means of a quickfix fastener from a fastening element 50 provided on a drive shaft 130.
The wiper blade 2 comprises an upper part 12, a lower part 10 and several connecting elements 18. The fastening part 30 comprises a cavity and an opening 210. The cavity is oriented to receive the fastening element 50. The opening 210 is adapted so that a coupling element 21 of a coupling device can be inserted into the opening. The opening 210 can also be termed a guide element of a coupling device. In one embodiment the opening 210 offers a support bearing 230 wherein the lower region is the region of the opening 210 which faces a windscreen.
The embodiment of a windscreen wiper device according to the invention illustrated by way of example in
The use of a windscreen wiper device according to the invention according to embodiments described here then prevents damage to a windscreen wiper arm e.g. through a build-up of snow, vandalism or the like.
According to embodiments of the present invention a rotational position is determined about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade and perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft (or perpendicular to the linear assembly direction) through a first contact point and a second contact point between the fastening part 30 on the wiper blade side and in the fastening element 50. The position of the wiper blade 2 is thus defined without being overdefined.
In one embodiment of the present invention the first contact point is provided through a guide element of the coupling device which is provided between the axis of rotation of the drive shaft 130 and a connecting element 18, and the second contact point is provided through a stop which is provided for example on the opposite side of the drive shaft 130.
According to embodiments of the present invention the stop 232 which is provided on the fastening element 50, can be provided on a movable element 254 in order to define the rotational position with a corresponding position of the fastening part 30. The movable element 254 can be for example a pin movable in a guide. The movement of the movable element 254 can be defined by a spring 252 which applies a force for the stop 232. If for example a force which acts on the lower part 10 during wiping of the wiper blade 2 is increased then the stop 232 is moved downwards via the lever, that is the spring 252 is loaded with a stronger force. The movable element 254 then moves downwards. The stop 232 thus has a variable position wherein a lever exists around the support bearing 230.
According to several embodiments which can be combined with other embodiments, a force of 2 Newton to 10 Newton, for example approximately 5 Newton acting on the underneath side of the wiper blade or acting on the lip fastened to the underneath side, can correspond via a lever ratio to a spring force of 8 Newton to 40 Newton, approximately 20 Newton.
According to yet more embodiments which can be combined with other embodiments, a fastening element 50 can also be configured without a spring. A first rotational position is then provided by the stop 232. The movable element 254 becomes a fixed element. According to yet more embodiments the position of the stop can be provided by different lengths of this fixed element or by different adapters or fitments on the fixed element. The use of a windscreen wiper device can be adjusted to a specific type of vehicle for example by this predefined variation of the stop or contact point.
As described above, through the guide element, which can provide a support bearing for example during normal operation, and through a stop, that is a first contact point and a second contact point, a rotational position can be provided about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade and perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft in dependence on a force on the wiper blade. The wiper blade can in dependence on the force rotate in the normal operation about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade and perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft. According to one embodiment of the invention the coupling element 21, as shown in
According to one embodiment the defined torque value can lie in a range from approximately 4 Nm to approximately 50 Nm, more particularly in a range from approximately 10 Nm to approximately 25 Nm.
According to several embodiments the fastening part 30 or the wiper blade 20 can be provided whereby mechanical elements such as springs, spring elements, actuating devices and/or metallic elements are not provided in the fastening part 30 but in a corresponding fastening element 50. The fastening part 30 is thus adapted to be produced in an injection molding process, more particularly a simple injection molding process or an injection molding process with one step. For example the fastening element 30 consists only of one material. The fastening element 30 has an opening 210 and a cavity. Optionally, moldings such as guide rails or a contact position can be provided in the one material.
During normal operation (as shown in
In the following, aspects of an exemplary windscreen wiper device are described for which the embodiments of the windscreen wiper device described herein are advantageous, more particularly with the described safety coupling as a coupling device. The wiper arm or the wiper blade can then be protected particularly reliably against damage when an unusually high torque (i.e. lying outside of the normal operation) acts on the wiper arm. The wiper arm can moreover simply be provided wherein for example the wiper or the windscreen wiper device which is mounted on a vehicle consists solely of plastics. For example the windscreen wiper device can be provided without any metal parts and/or without any mechanical elements.
Both the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 are flexible bars or can be configured as flexible bars. It is likewise possible to configure only one part of the upper part 10 and/or of the lower part 12 to be flexible. According to several embodiments which can be combined with the other embodiments described here, one material is used for the upper part 10 and/or the lower part 12, having a modulus of elasticity which lies in a range between 0.005 kN/mm2, and 0.5 kN/mm2, more particularly 0.01 kN/mm2 and 0.1 kN/mm2. This enables the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 to be suitably flexible. An optimum bending resistance is thus produced together with a suitably configured cross-sectional surface of the upper part 10 and the lower part 12.
The upper part 10 and the lower part 12 are fastened on a fastening part 30. The windscreen wiper device can be connected to the vehicle by means of the fastening part 30 for example by a quickfix fastening. On the side which lies opposite the fastening part 30 along the longitudinal extension of the windscreen wiper device, the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 are connected at a connecting position 34. The connecting elements are configured such that the distance of the connecting position with the upper part and the distance of the connecting position with the lower part change by a maximum of ±1 mm, more particularly by a maximum of ±0.3 mm (for example through heat expansion and/or traction and pressure). The connecting elements can thus essentially not be formed as elastic and/or the effect of the connecting elements is based on their force transmission between the upper part and lower part and not on their elasticity.
The upper part 10 and the lower part 12 are connected to one another by connecting elements 18. The connecting elements 18 are fastened on mutually facing inner longitudinal sides of the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 by means of swivel joints 20. More typically the swivel joints 20 are hinges. More particularly the swivel joints 20 can be configured as film hinges. This is particularly advantageous when the upper part 10, the lower part 12 and/or the connecting elements 18 are made from a plastics material or are covered with a suitable plastics material.
According to typical embodiments described here which can be combined with other embodiments described here, a swivel joint is selected from the following group which consists of: a hinge, a film hinge, a tapering of the material to produce lower stiffness along a torsional axis, an articulated joint with an axis of rotation, a means for connecting the upper part with the connecting element or for connecting the lower part with the connecting element which permits the displacement of the lower part in relation to the upper part along the longitudinal extension, etc.
Embodiments in which the articulated joints are provided by film hinges thus provide a very simple way of providing the joints for a fin ray wiper. The wiper blade 2 can be provided in one piece, more particularly off-tool. According to typical embodiments the film hinges have a high extensibility. This can be achieved for example by selecting a material from the group PP, PE, POM, and PA. Alternatively the film hinges can be made from one or more materials from a group from TPE (thermoplastics elastomer), by way of example TPE-S, TPE-O, TPE-U, TPE-A, TPE-V and TPE-E.
The connecting elements 18 are spaced apart from one another along the longitudinal extension of the wiper blade 2. The distances are more advantageously less than 50 mm, more particularly less than 30 mm. A particularly high flexibility can thereby be ensured for the windscreen wiper device, in particular the lower part thereof, and it can readily adapt to the curvature and changes in curvature of the windscreen which is to be wiped.
As a result of the construction of the embodiments described here, when a force is acting on the lower part (through the windscreen 4), the lower part bends in the direction from which the force is acting. This is produced by the connection of the upper part 10 and the lower part at the connecting position 34, the form, and by the swivel joints at the connection between the connecting elements and the upper and lower parts. A windscreen wiper device according to embodiments described here utilizes the effect of tail fins of certain fish which in the event of lateral pressure do not escape in the pressure direction, but arch in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction from which the pressure is coming. This principle is also termed the “fin ray” principle. A windscreen wiper device according to the embodiments described here thereby has the advantage of an improved adaption to a windscreen of a motor vehicle. With a conventional windscreen wiper blade its upper part is more usually rigid, i.e. it is not formed as flexible.
In the wiper blade illustrated in
According to embodiments of the windscreen wiper device which can be combined with other embodiments, the wiper blade 2 has at least one first region in which the angle αn of the longitudinal axes 24 of the connecting elements 18 relative to the lower part 12 decreases along a longitudinal extension 8 of the wiper blade 2 to one end of the wiper blade, more particularly decreases monotonously, more particularly strictly monotonously. Furthermore, the wiper blade 2 may have at least one second region, in which the angle αn of the longitudinal axes 24 of the connecting elements relative to the lower part 12 increases along a longitudinal extension 8 of the wiper blade 2 to one end of the wiper blade, more particularly increases monotonously, more particularly strictly monotonously. According to embodiments, as shown by way of example in
According to embodiments of the wiper blade which can be combined with other embodiments, the connecting elements 18 are thus fastened, particularly in an unstressed state of the wiper blade 2, on the lower part 12 so that the longitudinal axes 24 of the connecting elements 18 run at angles αn to the lower part 12 which lie between a lower angular boundary value αnu and an upper boundary value αno. According to embodiments, the lower angular boundary value is αnu=10°, more particularly αnu=15°, more particularly αnu=20°, and the upper angular boundary value is αno=80°, more particularly αno=90°, more particularly αno=100°. This guarantees more advantageously a particularly good transfer of a force acting on the lower part to the upper part.
According to embodiments of the windscreen wiper device which can be combined with other embodiments, the connecting elements 18 are configured so that the distance between the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 changes at least partially along a longitudinal extension 8 of the wiper blade 2, more particularly reduces continuously in a first region and increases continuously in a second region. The distance between the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 along the longitudinal extension 8 of the wiper blade 2 can also comprise a region in which the distance between the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 is substantially constant along the longitudinal extension 8 of the wiper blade 2. The distance between the upper part 10 and the lower part 12 is greater at the fastening part than at the opposite end.
According to embodiments of the wiper blade which can be combined with other embodiments, the inner distance value (facing the fastening part) amounts to at least 15 mm, more particularly at least 25 mm, more particularly at least 35 mm. According to embodiments which can be combined with other embodiments, the outer distance value amounts to at least 10 mm, more particularly at least 12.5 mm, more particularly at least 15 mm. According to embodiments which can be combined with other embodiments, the mean distance value amounts to at least 7.5 mm, more particularly at least 9 mm, more particularly at least 12.5 mm.
As shown by way of example in
According to embodiments of the wiper blade which can be combined with other embodiments described here, the wiper blade comprises a first region with a first curvature ω<0 and a second region with a second curvature ω>0. The wiper blade can furthermore according to embodiments have a third region with a third curvature ω<0 wherein the second region of the wiper blade with the second curvature ω>0 is arranged between the first region with the first curvature ω<0 and the third region with the third curvature ω<0, as shown by way of example in
According to further embodiments, in addition to a quickfix fastening closure which can be used for fin ray wipers, whereby the entire windscreen wiper device is removed from a drive axis or a fastening element on the drive axis on the vehicle, a mechanism can be provided in order to raise and lower the wiper blade 2 of a windscreen wiper device off and on the windscreen 4. This further simplifies the use, for example for a manual cleaning of the windscreen 2.
In
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2014 214 560 | Jul 2014 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/065784 | 7/10/2015 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016/012262 | 1/28/2016 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2142054 | Horton | Dec 1938 | A |
| 6026536 | Miller et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 7506402 | Laurens | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 8042219 | Stahlhut | Oct 2011 | B2 |
| 8510896 | Baik | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 20160159322 | Weiler | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 102555998 | Jul 2012 | CN |
| 2808596 | Sep 1978 | DE |
| 102013214064 | May 2014 | DE |
| 2931762 | Dec 2009 | FR |
| 433731 | Aug 1935 | GB |
| 2010-89574 | Apr 2010 | JP |
| 2015074876 | May 2015 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| Machine translation of description portion of Japanese publication 2010089574, published Apr. 2010. (Year: 2010). |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2015/065784 dated Oct. 1, 2015 (English Translation, 3 pages). |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20170210348 A1 | Jul 2017 | US |
