Patent Grant
12295441
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of German Application10 2020 002 611.7, filed Apr. 30, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention pertains to a safety helmet comprising an arched helmet shell, an arched shock-absorbing shell and a holding ring. The present invention pertains, furthermore, to a process for manufacturing such a safety helmet.
A safety helmet is capable of protecting the head of a user from mechanical, chemical and/or thermal environmental effects. Such a safety helmet usually comprises an arched helmet shell made of a hard material, wherein the helmet shell encompasses an area that can be called the interior of the safety helmet. A bearing structure usually holds an inner lining with textile components, wherein the inner lining comes into contact with the head of the user and wherein the bearing structure contributes to the safety helmet being seated in a desired position on the head of the user.
A procedure of installing an arched shock-absorbing shell between the arched helmet shell and the inner lining is known. This shock-absorbing shell is in contact with the helmet shell on the inside and absorbs kinetic energy, which acts on the safety helmet from the outside.
A possibility of attaching this shock-absorbing shell in the safety helmet is to connect the shock-absorbing shell to the interior of the helmet shell by connection in substance, for example, by a bonded connection or by a connection by means of foaming.
A safety helmet (protection helmet 1) with a helmet shell (main outer shell 2), with an inner shell (cap 13) and with a bearing structure (inner helmet shell 11), both arranged in the helmet shell 2, as well as with a chin strap 12, is described in US 2010/0 043 126 A1. The bearing structure 11 is attached at four attaching points 16, 17, 18a, 18b to the helmet shell 2 in a positive-locking manner. The inner shell 13 is attached to the bearing structure by clipping means.
DE 10 2010 050 678 B3 describes a safety helmet with a hard outer shell 1, with a head band 8 and with a basket-like carrier 11 with a nub array 12. The knob array 12 comprises hollow nubs 13, which point outwards and absorb kinetic energy during a deformation.
A basic object of the present invention is to provide a safety helmet, wherein the safety helmet comprises a helmet shell and a shock-absorbing shell and wherein the shock-absorbing shell is held in a reliably operating manner in a desired position relative to the helmet shell, without a connection by connection in substance being necessary between the shock-absorbing shell and the helmet shell. Further, the basic object of the present invention is to provide a process for manufacturing such a safety helmet.
Advantageous embodiments of the safety helmet according to the present invention are, insofar as meaningful, also advantages of the process according to the present invention and vice versa.
The terms “top,” “bottom,” “front” and “back” will hereinafter be used. These terms pertain to the usual orientations when a user carries the safety helmet on his head and is looking straight forward.
The safety helmet according to the present invention comprises an arched helmet shell, an arched shock-absorbing shell, a holding ring and at least one resilient element, and optionally a plurality of resilient elements. The shock-absorbing shell, the holding ring and the resilient element or each resilient element are located inside in the arched helmet shell. The terms “inside” and “outside” pertain to the space that the arched helmet shell encompasses.
The holding ring is permanently connected to the helmet shell. The holding ring is preferably a complete ring and it entirely encircles the head of a user of the safety helmet.
The shock-absorbing shell adjoins the helmet shell and is configured to absorb kinetic energy, especially kinetic energy that acts on the safety helmet from the outside.
The holding ring has a curved holding ring edge. The shock-absorbing shell has a curved shock-absorbing shell edge. The shock-absorbing shell edge flatly adjoins the holding ring edge (shock-absorbing shell edge adjoins the holding ring edge in an areal manner—areally adjoins). When the safety helmet is located on the head of a user of the safety helmet, the holding ring edge points upward and the shock-absorbing shell edge downward.
At least one resilient element is located between the holding ring edge and the shock-absorbing shell edge. The resilient element is supported at the holding ring, touches the shock-absorbing shell edge and seeks to move the shock-absorbing shell away from the holding ring and to press (bias) the shock-absorbing shell against the helmet shell from the inside. A plurality of resilient elements of the safety helmet preferably possess this property.
The helmet shell protects the user of the safety helmet from a mechanical and/or thermal and/or chemical environmental effect, which acts on the safety helmet from the outside. The shock-absorbing shell is mounted on the helmet shell on the inside, is protected by the helmet shell from environmental effects and absorbs kinetic energy, which acts on the safety helmet from the outside. The helmet shell may be manufactured from a sufficiently solid material, while the shock-absorbing shell may be manufactured from a material that is elastic and/or plastic. Since the shock-absorbing shell is located inside the helmet shell, it does not necessarily need to be able to withstand the mechanical and thermal and chemical environmental effects.
The shock-absorbing shell absorbs kinetic energy, which acts on the helmet from the outside, and it protects thereby the head of the user to a certain extent. In addition, the shock-absorbing shell provides a cushioning between the helmet shell and the head of the user.
The holding ring is connected according to the present invention permanently to the helmet shell. This permanent connection is established at least during a use/an application of the safety helmet. In one embodiment, it is possible to detach the holding ring from the helmet shell when it is not being used, for example, in order to repair or to replace or to clean the holding ring. Thanks to the permanent connection, the holding ring cannot move to an appreciable extent relative to the helmet shell during a use.
As a rule, the shock-absorbing shell shall not change its position relative to the helmet shell at least during a use of the safety helmet. In particular, neither the shock-absorbing shell nor the helmet shell shall slip to and fro on the head of a user. An undesired relative movement could, in addition, bring about a relevant wear and cause undesired noises. It will be described below how and in what manner the present invention contributes to the prevention of these undesired effects.
According to the present invention, the curved shock-absorbing shell edge adjoins the curved holding ring edge. The shock-absorbing shell is located between the holding ring edge and the helmet shell. Since the holding ring is permanently connected to the helmet shell, the holding ring edge does not change its position relative to the helmet shell. Unavoidable relative movements based on tolerances are, of course, exceptions. The holding ring edge therefore limits a possible movement of the shock-absorbing shell away from the helmet shell.
According to the present invention, at least one resilient element is supported at the holding ring, which is permanently connected to the helmet shell. This resilient element touches the shock-absorbing shell edge and seeks to press the shock-absorbing shell away from the holding ring and to press it from the inside against the helmet shell. The safety helmet preferably comprises a plurality of resilient elements configured in this manner, which touch the shock-absorbing shell edge at different points and act together on the shock-absorbing shell and seek to move together towards the helmet shell.
Thanks to the resilient element, it is not necessary to connect the shock-absorbing shell to the holding ring or to the helmet shell. The use of the resilient element or of a plurality of resilient elements instead of a permanent connection makes it easier to find a respective suitable material for the helmet shell, for the holding ring and for the shock-absorbing shell. Since these three components of the safety helmet have different tasks, they are manufactured, as a rule, from different materials, which are well suited for the respective purpose.
At least one resilient element touches according to the present invention the shock-absorbing shell edge and seeks to press the shock-absorbing shell against the helmet shell. As a result, the shock-absorbing shell will be touched at at least one connection point on the shock-absorbing shell edge, and optionally at a plurality of connection points located at mutually spaced locations. It is not necessary for the shock-absorbing shell to be touched flatly along a longer section. The present invention therefore reduces the risk that the shock-absorbing shell would be compressed or stretched during the use of the safety helmet and be worn off or damaged thereby.
Since at least one resilient element presses the shock-absorbing shell against the helmet shell from the inside, it is not necessary to manufacture the holding ring exactly according to a specification and to attach it exactly in a defined position relative to the helmet shell. Broader tolerances are rather possible during the manufacture and the mounting of the holding ring, because the resilient element compensates inaccuracies in the manufacture and assembly of the safety helmet. In particular, the resilient element is capable of expanding to different extents and thereby of pressing the shock-absorbing shell against the helmet shell despite different possible distances. These tolerances notwithstanding, the risk that the shock-absorbing shell would carry out undesired movements relative to the helmet shell is relatively low.
The present invention makes it possible for the shock-absorbing shell not to need to be connected mechanically either to the helmet shell or to the holding ring. This embodiment facilitates the assembly of the safety helmet. In addition, it is easier in many cases thanks to the present invention to remove the shock-absorbing shell from the safety helmet, for example, in order to clean or to replace the shock-absorbing shell. It is sufficient in many cases to compress the resilient element or each shock-absorbing shell resilient element, which presses the shock-absorbing shell against the helmet shell, and then to remove the shock-absorbing shell from the helmet shell, since the shock-absorbing shell is manufactured, as a rule, from a flexible material. In addition, the embodiment in which the shock-absorbing shell is not connected either to the helmet shell or to the holding ring reduces the risk of wear of the shock-absorbing shell. Such a wear may occur in safety helmets according to the state of the art especially at a connection point between the shock-absorbing shell and the holding ring or at an area in which the shock-absorbing shell is connected to the helmet shell by connection in substance.
The present invention eliminates the need to connect the shock-absorbing shell to the helmet shell or to the holding ring by connection in substance. In particular, the need to bond the shock-absorbing shell or to attach it by foaming is eliminated. Since no connection by connection in substance needs to be made, a step in the manufacture of the safety helmet according to the present invention is eliminated, compared to the manufacture of a safety helmet with a connection by connection in substance. In addition, the material for the material needed for the connection by connection in substance is eliminated. As a result, the safety helmet becomes lighter. The need for a solvent for a connection in substance is eliminated as well. Moreover, the need to provide a heat-resistant material for the connection by a connection in substance is eliminated, which is especially important when it shall be possible to use the safety helmet at a high ambient temperature. Since no connection in substance needs to be severed, it is easier to separate the shock-absorbing shell from the safety helmet, for example, in order to clean the shock-absorbing shell or in order to replace it with a new shock-absorbing shell.
At least one resilient element is supported according to the present invention at the holding ring and it seeks to move the shock-absorbing shell away from the holding ring and to press it against the helmet shell. In one embodiment, the resilient element permanently protrudes over the holding ring edge. The resilient element is preferably located between the holding ring edge and the shock-absorbing shell edge. In another embodiment, the shock-absorbing shell presses the resilient element against the spring force into the holding ring, preferably such that the resilient element does not protrude over the holding ring edge. The resilient element presses the shock-absorbing shell against the helmet shell in this embodiment as well.
In one embodiment, the holding ring comprises at least one projection, which points towards the shock-absorbing shell. The shock-absorbing shell comprises for each projection at least one corresponding recess. The projection or each projection of the holding ring engages (meshes) with a respective corresponding recess of the shock-absorbing shell. Conversely, it is possible that the shock-absorbing shell has at least one projection and the holding ring has at least one corresponding recess. It is also possible that both the shock-absorbing shell and the holding ring have a projection each and a corresponding recess each. This embodiment with the projection and with the recess limits a possible movement of the shock-absorbing shell relative to the helmet shell in at least one direction and it further reduces the risk of the shock-absorbing shell performing an undesired movement relative to the helmet shell.
The projection or at least one projection of the holding ring is preferably located between the helmet shell and the shock-absorbing shell. This projection is well protected hereby from mechanical damage.
In one embodiment, the shock-absorbing shell has at least one projection. This projection points towards the helmet shell. The helmet shell has at least one corresponding stop element, which points towards the shock-absorbing shell. As an alternative, the helmet shell comprises a projection, which points towards the shock-absorbing shell. The shock-absorbing shell has a corresponding stop element, which points towards the helmet shell. In both embodiments, the projection and the stop element together limit a movement of the shock-absorbing shell relative to the helmet shell in one direction, namely when the projection abuts against the stop element. This direction is preferably the viewing direction of a user of the safety helmet looking forward.
The outer profile of the arched shock-absorbing shell is preferably identical to the inner profile of the arched helmet shell, which profile points towards the shock-absorbing shell, either completely or at least in some areas. This configuration with the two identical profiles contributes to the shock-absorbing shell being held in a desired position relative to the helmet shell. A possible movement of the shock-absorbing shell relative to the helmet shell is limited hereby to a tangential movement along the arched inner surface of the helmet shell, at least when the safety helmet is located on the head of a user.
In one embodiment, the holding ring edge extends in a plane. The holding ring edge has an area that protrudes from this holding ring plane, for example, an area that extends in an area plane, the area plane being in an oblique position relative to the holding ring plane. This protruding area of the holding ring edge adjoins an area of the shock-absorbing shell edge. The profiles of the holding ring edge and of the shock-absorbing shell edge correspond to one another at least in these two adjoining areas. A possible movement of the shock-absorbing shell relative to the helmet shell is limited in at least one direction by this embodiment as well. This direction is the viewing direction of the user of the safety helmet, who is looking forward.
In one embodiment, the shock-absorbing shell has an oblong projection, which is arched outwards, i.e., towards the helmet shell. The helmet shell has a corresponding groove. The oblong projection of the shock-absorbing shell engages with the groove of the helmet shell. This configuration limits the possible movement that the shock-absorbing shell can perform relative to the helmet shell in a direction at right angles or obliquely to the common longitudinal axis of the projection and of the groove. This common longitudinal axis preferably extends in parallel to the viewing direction of the user of the safety helmet.
In one embodiment, the shock-absorbing shell edge touches the holding ring edge, at least along a part of its extension, i.e., optionally along its entire extension, i.e., along a full circumference. In one embodiment, the shock-absorbing shell edge has a distance from the holding ring edge at least along a part of its extension. It is also possible that the shock-absorbing shell edge has a distance from the holding ring edge along its entire extension, i.e., along a full circumference. The distance between the shock-absorbing shell edge and the holding ring edge may remain constant along these edges or change in space. The resilient element or each resilient element, which is supported at the holding ring, bridges over this distance.
In a preferred embodiment, the shock-absorbing shell is not connected mechanically to the helmet shell, in particular, not by connection in substance. The shock-absorbing shell is not, in addition, preferably connected mechanically to the holding ring. In another embodiment, the shock-absorbing shell is connected mechanically to the holding ring at at least one connection point, the connection preferably being a detachable connection.
The holding ring preferably encompasses the entire head of a user of the safety helmet. A distance preferably develops between the holding ring and the head of the user, this distance depending on the size and the shape of the head. Thanks, in particular, to this distance, the same safety helmet according to the present invention or a plurality of safety helmets according to the present invention of an identical configuration can be used by users with heads of different sizes. In addition, the same user can optionally use the same safety helmet with or without a head cover. It is not necessary to adapt the holding ring to the shape of the head.
The safety helmet comprises according to the present invention a holding ring, which is permanently connected to the helmet shell. The safety helmet preferably comprises additionally a bearing ring, which is likewise located in the area that is enclosed by the arched helmet shell. This bearing ring encompasses the head of a user of the safety helmet. The bearing ring is in contact with the head of the user at least in some areas. A padding or another textile sheathing may be arranged between the bearing ring and the head of the user. This textile sheathing can preferably be removed from the safety helmet and cleaned separately from the rest of the safety helmet.
A distance develops between the holding ring and the bearing ring. This distance depends, as a rule, on the size and/or the shape of the head of a user. The bearing ring may be manufactured from a flexible material in order to be adapted to the shape of the head of the user. The length of the bearing ring can preferably be changed, so that the head size, which the safety helmet provides, can be changed as well.
This embodiment consequently provides, on the one hand, for a holding ring, which contributes to the shock-absorbing shell being held in a desired position relative to the helmet shell and for the helmet shell to be held in a desired position relative to the head. In addition, the holding ring may contribute to the holding of an optional inner lining. On the other hand, this embodiment provides for a bearing ring, which contributes to the safety helmet being seated firmly on the head of a user and to the safety helmet being able to be adapted to the size and the shape of the head of the user.
A preferred process for manufacturing a safety helmet according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
This manufacturing process makes it easier to insert the shock-absorbing shell into the helmet shell from the inside and to displace it when needed, so that the shock-absorbing shell assumes a desired position relative to the helmet shell. If the inner profile of the helmet shell and the outer profile of the shock-absorbing shell are identical, it is possible relatively easily to insert the shock-absorbing shell into the helmet shell such that no hollow space will develop between the helmet shell and the shock-absorbing shell. The shock-absorbing shell is preferably inserted into the helmet shell before the holding ring as well as an optional bearing ring and an optional inner lining are connected to the helmet shell. As a result, neither the holding ring nor the bearing ring nor the inner lining will impair the process of inserting the shock-absorbing shell into the helmet shell and of positioning same correctly.
The safety helmet can again be taken apart by a sequence of operations carried out in the reverse order in order to inspect or repair it or in order to replace a damaged component. The present invention makes it easier to remove the holding ring or the bearing ring without having to separate a connection to the shock-absorbing shell.
In one embodiment, at least the shock-absorbing shell, the holding ring and the resilient element or each resilient element of a safety helmet according to the present invention are produced by at least one 3D printer. Different components of the safety helmet are optionally produced by different 3D printers, also at different locations. The helmet shell is also produced in one embodiment by a 3D printer, and it is produced by another manufacturing process in another embodiment. The components are preferably assembled into a safety helmet according to the present invention.
The present invention pertains, on the one hand, to a 3D printer, which is configured to produce the just mentioned components of a safety helmet according to the present invention. In a variant, an arrangement with a plurality of 3D printers together is capable of producing the components just mentioned. On the other hand, the present invention pertains to a computer program, which can be executed on a computer. If the computer program is executed on the computer, the computer actuates at least one 3D printer. The actuated 3D printer produces the just mentioned components of the safety helmet according to the present invention. The computer optionally actuates a plurality of 3D printers for different components. It is also possible that different computer programs actuate a respective computer each, and each actuated computer produces at least one component each of the safety helmet according to the present invention.
The present invention will be described below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment. The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.
In the drawings:
Referring to the drawings, the present invention pertains to a safety helmet, which is used by firefighters, police, rescue workers and other rescue team members in order better to protect the head from mechanical, thermal and chemical effects.
The safety helmet according to the exemplary embodiment comprises - like many other safety helmets - an arched helmet shell made of a hard material, an arched shock-absorbing shell, a bearing structure and an inner lining. The inner lining is in contact with the head of a person, who is wearing this safety helmet on his head. This person will hereinafter be called “the user.” The bearing structure connects the inner lining to the helmet shell and is attached on the inside to the helmet shell. The inner lining is omitted in the figures.
The terms “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “top” and “bottom” used below refer to the usual orientation when the user wears the safety helmet and is looking forward. The viewing direction BR of the user looking straight forward is shown in some figures.
The shock-absorbing shell is in contact on the inside with the helmet shell, it absorbs kinetic energy acting from the outside on the safety helmet and pads the safety helmet. The shock-absorbing shell shall be seated on the inside in the helmet shell without a major clearance. The present invention shows a way of achieving this effect without a connection by connection in substance having to be established between the helmet shell and the shock-absorbing shell, especially without a bonded connection and without a Velcro® connection.
The indices 0.1 and .r designate a left part and a right part, respectively.
The safety helmet 100 additionally comprises an inner lining with textile components, which come into contact with the scalp of a user. This inner lining is omitted in the figures.
The outer profile of the safety helmet 1 is adapted to the inner profile of the helmet shell 2.
The bearing ring parts 6, 7, 10 form a curved and annular bearing ring, which fully encircles the head of the user and can be adapted to the shape of the head of the user. The holding ring parts 3, 11 are connected permanently to the helmet shell 2 on the inside. A distance develops in one embodiment between the holding ring part 3 and the bearing ring part 6. An optional, permanent intermediate piece 27 bridges over this distance. In another embodiment, the bearing ring part 6 is attached directly, i.e., without an intermediate piece 27, to the holding ring part 3.
This bearing ring part 6, 7, 10 shall be seated, on the one hand, so firmly on the head of the user that the safety helmet 100 will not slip relative to the head, and, on the other hand, it shall not press the head of the user too strongly. The user can therefore change the length of the bearing ring 6, 7, 10 and hence the head size of the safety helmet 100 manually, doing so by means of a handwheel 15 in the rear at the safety helmet 100. A rotation of the handwheel 15 causes the two parts 7.1 and 7.r to be moved synchronously away from one another or synchronously toward one another.
The bearing ring parts 6, 7 and 10 as well as the brackets for these are omitted in
In the perspective view shown in
The helmet shell 2 comprises a centrally arranged groove 29. The oblong projection 28 engages with the groove 29.
The second embodiment according to
In one embodiment, a distance is formed between the two serrated edges 20.1, 20.r and two corresponding serrated areas 23.1, 23.r of the front holding ring edge K.3 during regular use. The front edge area 19 moves under a higher load in the direction of the front holding ring edge K.3. The two serrated edges 20.1, 20.r lie temporarily on the serrated areas 23.1, 23.r in case of a very high mechanical load only. As a result, forces are diverted. In another embodiment, the two serrated edges 20.1, 20.r lie permanently on the serrated areas 23.1, 23.r.
In another embodiment, the projection 21.v of the shock-absorbing shell 1 is in contact with the rear projection 22.h of the helmet shell 2. The projection 22.v belongs to a snap-in connection for the visor 7.
The rear projection 21.h at the top on the shock-absorbing shell 1 engages with an outwards pointing and centrally arranged groove 29 in the rear area of the helmet shell 2. As a result, the projection 21.h prevents a movement of the shock-absorbing shell 1 relative to the helmet shell 2 at right angles or obliquely to the viewing direction BR.
In an alternative embodiment, the helmet shell 2 matches the first embodiment of the shock-absorbing shell 1 (
The two serrated areas 20.1, 20.r of the shock-absorbing shell edge K.1 can be moved in the viewing direction BR up to the serrated areas 23.1, 23.r of the front holding ring edge K.3 of the front holding ring part 3. As a result, the serrated areas 23.1, 23.r form two stop elements, which limit a movement of the shock-absorbing shell 1 relative to the helmet shell 2 in the viewing direction BR. The shock-absorbing shell 1 reaches these two stop elements 23.1, 23.r in case of a very high load only.
Especially the following steps are preferably carried out during the assembly of the safety helmet 100:
The shock-absorbing shell 7 is preferably inserted first into the helmet shell 2 on the inside. The holding ring parts 11, 3 as well as the bearing ring parts 6, 7.1, 7.r, 10 are subsequently connected to the helmet shell 2.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
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