The present descriptive report refers to a patent application for a mechanism by which, once installed in the soil drilling tools, is formed a gas and/or oil (inflow) leakage locking system at the time of the inner tube recovery of token continuous extraction for the entire working process in gas/oil wells.
As is well known in the field, soil prospecting through drilling equipment is a process of great importance, since through the results obtained while drilling will be defined large-scale projects for the extraction of ore, gas, oil and other products of industrial use.
In the case of mineral drilling, a system widely used is rotary drilling: briefly, the system is triggered in the prospecting point through the hydraulic motor of one winch, whose head rotates a drilling crown with cutout tool, penetrating into the soil. As the cutout of the rock occurs during the penetration into soil, the crown receives the introduction of rods strings coupled by means of their threaded terminals, coupled by the torque imposed by the turning head of the hydraulic motor.
During the drilling process, the rods are inserted coupled to each other, and, for each inserted rod, a quantity of material named “token” is extracted from the soil layers.
Such material is continuously extracted during the entire work of the drill and is forcibly driven into the barrel, accumulating in billet form. This continuous and uniform extraction of the token is necessary for the detailed study by which the rocky conformations in the drilling point are known.
To remove the barrel in the phase named recovery of inner tube containing token, a boom connected to cables is inserted into the interior of the rods, guided down to the coupling point. When coupled, the barrel—inner tube containing the token is pulled back by cables to the surface.
In this phase of recovery of the internal tube containing token, it is maintained, from the drill, a passage that extends from the drilling point to the surface, which introduction of rods nozzle is exposed in the external environment. This procedure, with the nozzle open, is only made possible in the case of ore drilling, drilling which does not reach the deeper layers of the soil, with low probability of influx risks of gas that may escape around the surface.
In the case of drilling for exploitation of gas/oil, the depths to be reached go far beyond and require the use of a high destructive drilling power drill, which leads to the production of token rock samples in the form of gravel.
The document PI 1001781-0 filed on Jun. 7, 2010 with title “Collector box for drilling token applied in rotating or rotary, hydraulic or pneumatic drillings” shows a collector box adapted in the drilling string nozzle. When air or fluid is injected within the channel of the drill string rods exceeding the drill holes, the debris (token) resulting from the cutout in the soil are conducted to the collector box.
The use of high destructive power drill, in the case of gas/oil wells drilling, does not favor the withdrawal of token in uniform conformation that allow more detailed analysis of the rock formations of the soil. This detailed analysis is needed at certain levels of depth, requiring the use of a drill named crown, which favors this type of uniform extraction of token (in the form of billets). In this case, in gas/oil wells, the tooling must be entirely removed for replacement with a suitable drill, being, then, at each tooling recover operation containing the token, the well closed by means of specific tools. With the drill exchanged for a crown (for coring), the operation is resumed, the well nozzle is re-opened and the tooling re-inserted for this momentary extraction work of more uniform token. This is followed by further withdrawal of the entire tooling containing the appropriate token for analysis, being the well nozzle once again closed with the special tools set for placement of the initial drill, followed by the new opening and new insertion of all the tooling with the original drill for the continuity of the higher destructive power drilling (cutout).
Such procedure is repeated successively during the entire drilling process for the withdrawal of token from the gas/oil well, and, as explained, it is a lengthy process and requires stops in drilling, with withdrawals and reintroductions of the tooling, and drilling string nozzles closures and openings.
All this nozzle closing and opening work during the recovery of the token is required because, in the drilling of the gas/oil well, it may occur the phenomenon named “influx”, i.e. the sudden entry of fluids from formation into the well, with the rise of gas or oil through the hole in the soil formed by the drill, which can escape through the drilling string in extremely high pressure, leave through the well nozzle (top of the drilling string) during the recovery of the internal tube containing token and reach the external environment, with the risk of causing serious accidents.
As noted, the drill in gas/oil drilling is more complex, especially in relation to the stage of extraction of the token, because of the possibility of influx incidence.
Therefore, it is not currently possible to simply use the tools of the ore drilling (much simpler and cheaper) in oil/gas drilling tooling (more robust and expensive).
This is precisely the aim of the concerned mechanism, reason for this patent application, which was developed for the installation in a soil drilling tooling and which, by its constructiveness, enables a oil and gas leak lock system in the phase of extraction and recovery of the internal tube containing token, made by barrel.
The mechanism works with four distinct sets, being a cable gland, a “Y” connection, a false swivel connector and a safety valve, all coupled between themselves. The mechanism is threaded into the drill string nozzle at the moment of the recap of the tube containing the token of the rock, and will offer, therefore, a security system whereby the ore drilling tooling (simpler and less costly) may be used for gas/oil wells drilling, thus bringing enormous functional and commercial benefits.
Explained superficially, the mechanism, its installation and the security system that it involves are now better detailed through the attached drawings.
The figures listed below, from 2 to 11 refer to the mechanism in question, reason of this patent application:
In accordance with the attached drawings, the “SECURITY MECHANISM FOR INSTALLATION IN SOIL DRILLING TOOLS, WITH GAS/OIL LEAKAGE LOCKING SYSTEM IN THE RECOVERY STAGE OF INTERNAL TUBE CONTAINING TOKEN”, object of this present application for patent, consist of a mechanism such as that shown in its entirety in
As shown in
The base (2) containing the support (5) coupled with the mordant (8) receives the support of one of the helical spring ends (13) surrounding the upper portion of the bipartite actuator (9) and the lower neck (14) of a plunger (15) equipped with stop (16). In this stop (16) the helical spring (13) anchor its opposite end, whereas the upper neck (17) of said plunger (15) passes over the hole (18) of a cylindrical jacket (19) equipped with oil inlet (20).
By its connector recess (4) the base (2) receives the upper nozzle coupling (21) of a “Y” connection (22), as shown in
Through the lower nozzle (39), the false spin connector (32) is threaded to the threaded end (40) of the glove (41) of a safety valve (42), as shown in
Thus constituted the mechanism, as shown in
Thus, after a certain drilling cycle, as previously explained in the state of technique, the token must be extracted requiring its withdrawal through the cable (C) of coupling of the token recovery pipe. At this stage, the chuck (M) opens and releases the last rod (H) introduced in the drilling well. Then, the chuck (M) is displaced from the drilling well and will receive the external rod (H) in which threaded terminal is coupled the additional safety device (52) positioned outside the drilling well. Such a device (52) remains in waiting to be introduced (if necessary) during token extraction, as will be shown later.
Being the last rod (H) of the drilling well introduced (free of the chuck (M)), receives by its head together with the nozzle (B) of the drill string, the lower nozzle threading (51) of the cylindrical body (50) of the valve (42), holding the cable (C) of the tube coupling.
Since it is locked to the false swivel connector (32), the safety valve (42) can be threaded regardless of “Y” connection (22) which, in turn, remains static with the cable gland (1). This false swivel connection (32) is necessary because of the limited space surrounding the nozzle (B) of the drill string, in which it would not be possible the connection “Y” swivel (22) because of its oblique nozzle (23) and therefore of the entire mechanism, which would difficult the installation.
The threaded nozzle (28) of the “Y” connection (22) receives a hose (F), as shown also in
Thus mounted the mechanism, the same allows in the tooling, when in the inner tube recovery stage containing token, that the coupling cable (C) is released internally by the drill string, going down freely until it reaches said token recovery pipe.
After detected influx by observing the excessive return of drilling fluid through the string nozzle, in a first stage is interrupted the recovery procedure immediately and triggered the oil pump (0), as shown in detail A of
Once the coupling cable (C) is sealed, the pressure of the injected fluid is increased, controlling the tightness of gas and/or oil underground prevented from escaping through the drill string, without danger of reach the external environment through the nozzle.
If the mordant (8) still does not allow the seal because of great pressure imposed by gas or oil or device wear, as illustrated details C and D of
If the cable (C) of coupling cut does not descend because it is stuck by the mordant (8) or by flotation of said cable (C) due to the influx pressure from bottom to top inside the drill string, the ball valve enclosure (46) is prevented by said cable (C), being the system still exposed to the leakage (influx). In this condition the chuck (M) is moved to direct the external rod (HE) coupled with the device (52), aligning it with the edge of the cylindrical jacket (19) of the plunger (15) of the cable gland (1). Thus, as shown in the sequence of
Thanks to constructiveness of the mechanism (by which in the extraction stage of the token, continuous, the coupling cable (C) receives the sealing system and security in question), the ore drilling tooling that uses barrel, can be installed on the tooling of drilling equipment for oil/gas wells.
With this, a remarkable technical effect occurs in the soil drilling segment as a simple tooling, until then used for ore only, by the new seal and security system now added, through the mechanism in question, enables drilling with much lower cost, of oil/gas wells and additionally safer in usage of tooling derived from mining. Moreover, continuous extraction of token uniformly and without stopping the device enables detailed study of the soil from beginning to the end of the drilling, providing greater precision in analysis and logistics for drilling of oil/gas wells.
Next, as illustrated in the flowchart of
Procedure for Well Closure Recovering Inner Tube with Set of Cable Gland, Y Connection and Safety Valve—HARD Method.
1. QHSE
1.1. Bear full PPE to work in the area.
1.2. Performing risk analysis of work when necessary.
1.3. Perform the opening of work permit (PT) when necessary.
1.4. Use seat belts when working at height.
1.5. When observing acts or unsafe conditions, stop work.
1.6. Isolate area when handling cargo, execution of hot work, pressure testing, etc.
1.7. When in doubt running the task, ask for fire safety technician or consult supervision.
2. Knowledge Consolidation on Main Primary Evidence of Kick (Influx)
2.1.Primary Evidence of Influx
Sequence of operations for well closure in the Hard method, during the recovery of the inner tube with token, with cable operation (Wireline) inside the rods with set of Gland Cable, False Swivel Connector, Y Connection and Safety Valve on the top of the rods.
4. Scenario
Applies at the time of withdrawal of the inner tube using the Wireline cable of the probe and with set of Gland Cable, False Swivel Connector, Y Connection and Safety Valve installed on the string.
5. Status of Drilling Equipment
5.1. Fully enclosed Choke.
5.2. Gland Cable, False Swivel Connector, Y Connection and Safety Valve on top of the last rod wedged in Foot Clamp.
5.3. Kelly rod suspended on the mast with open chuck and in standby to be used at any time.
5.4. Drilling (coring) was stopped, the witness broken with best practice, initiated the procedure to recover the internal tube with Wireline cable.
5.5. Crown or drill out of the bottom.
5.6. There is no rotation in the string.
5.7. There is no pumping of drilling fluid.
5.8. Angler of inner tube and wireline cable inside the rods.
5.9. Trip Tank aligned with the well and monitoring through monitoring spreadsheet.
6. Well Closure Sequence
STEP 1: when detecting influx evidence inside the well, stop token withdrawal via cable.
STEP 2: Close Cable Gland hydraulically using manual hydraulic pump.
STEP 3: Close return valve in the Y connection and replace return hose by fire resistant hose connected to the Stand Pipe Manifold.
STEP 4: close BOP tubes drawer.
STEP 5: Open the HCR valve (High Closing Ratio) of Choke line.
STEP 6: notify supervision team (Company Man and Charged).
STEP 7: confirm the closure of the BOP tubes drawer and lock it manually.
STEP 8: Confirm opening of the HCR valve.
STEP 9: Observe the maximum permissible pressure (LOT) in Choke manometer to prevent the fracturing of the next formation of the surface coating shoe; have at hand updated prior information spreadsheet.
STEP 10: observe the growth of pressures in the Choke (SICP) and inside the string (SIDPP), record the pressures read in well closure spreadsheet every one (1.0) in one (1.0) minute until the moment where it is registered three equal readings, at this time the pressure in the Choke manometer is the SICP and in Stand Pipe Manifold (SPM) is SIDPP.
STEP 11: Record the closing equalized pressure in the Choke (SICP) and SPM (SIDPP).
STEP 12: Fill in the worksheet data for well control.
STEP 13: implement the applicable method of well control as determined by PROVIDER.
Complementary Comments
In the event of fracture of the shoe of surface coating, before or during the application of circulation and control methods of the kick, apply control methods of circulation loss above the kick zone, according to operator recommendation.
Do not allow the loss of mud string inside the rods string, which generates hydrostatic pressure loss greater than 5 psi.
If observed leakage in the Cable Gland during the equalization of pressures period, cut the cable with the aid of hydraulic cable cutter, triggered remotely (security perimeter of 5 m), close Safety Valve located below the False Swivel Connector, making sure that there is no cable in front of the same front, return the chuck to the closed position, connect Rod Kelly to the top of Safety Valve, apply torque with the chuck and open the assembly Safety Valve for pressure monitoring inside the string; following from STEP 10 item 5 of this procedure.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/BR2013/000521 | 11/28/2013 | WO | 00 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2015/077850 | 6/4/2015 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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3199907 | Braun | Aug 1965 | A |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20160312558 A1 | Oct 2016 | US |