The present invention relates to rotating machines. It refers to a salient pole machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
Vertical-axis hydroelectric machines are well known in the art.
Document EP 0 740 402 A1 relates to a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine having a rotor star, which is provided with a hub and on the outer periphery of which a rotor rim is arranged which carries rotor poles, laminated from pole plates, and pole coils, and a stator which surrounds the rotor, is separated from the latter by an air gap and has a stator plate body laminated from plates and having slots at the inner periphery for accommodating a stator winding, which has stator winding ends and winding connections at both end faces of the plate body, both rotor rim and stator plate body having radially running cooling slits through which cooling air can be passed from the hub through said slits in the rotor rim, the distances between the poles, the air gap and the slits in the stator plate body into an annular space surrounding the latter and equipped with coolers and from there back to the hub, the rotor itself acting as delivery and pressure-generating means for the cooling air.
As shown in
The design used in this machine has a main disadvantage: The pole claw slots in the rotor rim, which receive the pole claws of the salient poles, weaken the rim and create a dead weight mass, which has to be sustained by the remaining section of the rim, discounted the poles slots and stud holes (in case of laminated rim).
Eliminate the pole claw slot in the rim, this makes the rim weaker, as well as, create a dead weight mass which has to be sustained by the remaining section of the rim, discounted the poles slots and stud holes (in case of laminated rim).
It is an object of the present invention to provide a salient pole machine, which avoids the disadvantages of known machines and especially strengthens the rotor at its rim.
This object is obtained by a salient pole machine according to claim 1.
The salient pole machine according to the invention comprises a rotor rotating about a machine axis, said rotor having at its circumference a rotor rim with a predetermined outer radius, whereby a plurality of salient poles, each extending in radial direction, are attached to said rotor at said rotor rim at a respective pole-rim interface.
It is characterized in that at said pole-rim interface a plurality of axial rib-like rim extensions project radially from said rotor rim with a predetermined circumferential distance between neighboring rim extensions, that each salient pole has a plurality of axial pole grooves matching and receiving said rib-like rim extensions at the respective pole-rim interface, and that fixing elements) are provided to fix said rib-like rim extensions in said pole grooves.
According to an embodiment of the invention said fixing elements are arranged outside said rotor rim.
Especially, said fixing elements may extend and be applied in axial direction.
Furthermore, said fixing elements may be arranged in respective interface holes between said pole grooves and said rib-like rim extensions at the sidewalls thereof.
Especially, said fixing elements may be axial fixation pins.
Said fixation pins may be shear pins having a circular cross section.
Said fixation pins may be configured as expansion pins, which eliminate the radial clearance of their interface holes.
Said fixation pins may be configured as split pins.
Especially, said fixation pins may be split in two and have a crocodile tapered shape interface.
The number of fixation pins and their positions is consequence of mechanical dimensioning, which means that the pins are not necessarily equally distributed along the interface surface of the poles to the rim.
The same applies to the size of the pins, which does not need to be the same on each interface point.
The present invention is now to be explained more closely by means of different embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
In the prior art poles on salient pole machines are either fixed to the rotor rim using pole body extensions named “Pole Claws”, which are elements projecting from the pole body inwards the machine, fitting on rotor rim slots, or they are fixed through bolts, going radially through the rotor rim and part of the pole.
According to the present invention the pole to rim connection (pole-rim interface) is optimized through a minimum height connection system, placed on pole side area, using shear pins in between.
According to this idea, there are no pole claws extending inwards or fixing bolts. The rotor rim projects itself outwards, into the pole body and fixation is done with shear pins in between. Since pole fitting can be done radially, such solution can also help to minimize clearance between pole and rim, which helps strongly to minimize the reluctance through the magnetic path.
Instead of the classical prior art solution, using slots cut radially located inside the outer radius of the rotor rim, as well as, pole claws projecting radially inwards to fix the pole core on the rotor rim, the present anchoring solution is developed basically in the pole core region, projecting the pole fixation outwards from the outer radius of the rim (and consequently inwards into the pole core).
Part of the anchoring system or pole-rim interface is placed below or under the shadow of the pole coil. Thus, to remove the pole, after removing the connecting pins, it is necessary to slide the pole slightly radially, using the air gap space and then slide it axially, parallel to the rim axial length.
The salient pole machine 30 of
At each pole-rim interface 24 a plurality of axial rib-like rim extensions 25 project radially from the cylindrical surface 28 of rotor rim 21 with a predetermined circumferential distance d between neighboring rim extensions 25. On the other side, each salient pole 22 has a plurality of axial pole grooves 26 matching and receiving said rib-like rim extensions 25 of the pole-rim interface 24.
Salient pole 22 is fixed in this interdigitated configuration by means of fixing elements or fixation pins 27, which are provided to fix said rib-like rim extensions 25 in said pole grooves 26. Fixing elements 27 are arranged outside rotor rim 21. They extend and are applied in axial direction. They are arranged in respective interface holes between said pole grooves 26 and said rib-like rim extensions 25 at the sidewalls thereof, as shown in
According to this solution, as this rib-like rim extensions or ribs 25, extending from the rotor rim 21 and fitting into the pole 22 are accessible, one can remove the pins 27 and slide the pole 22 axially without removing the rotor 20 from inside the generator stator. Furthermore, as there are no ribs extending inwards into the rim 21, the rotor rim 21 is not weakened, thus using 100% of its radial strength.
Thus, pole fixation on the rotor rim 21 is done through axial pins. In order to have perfect contact among the adjacent surfaces or pole and rotor rim, different possibilities may be considered as variant to the base idea. One possible method of fixation is to ream the holes axially prior to introducing the fixation pins 27.
According to another solution, expansion pins may be used, which eliminate the radial clearance of the interface holes.
Depending on the pole design, the proposed new anchoring system might penetrate more or less inside the pole core of salient pole 22 and have a significant area under the area of pole winding 23. In this case one additional variant is to split the fixation pin 27 in two, preferably with crocodile tapered shape interface.
After sliding the salient pole 22 radially inwards over the rotor rim 21, the split pins shall be rotated and then axially driven to be locked one against each other.
Another variant within the present invention is that the pole fixation can be either normal to rim interface surface (cylindrical surface 28) or with trapezoidal shape, whereby the angle will facilitate the dismantling and removal of the pole 22.
The number of fixation pins 27 and their position in the pole-rim interface 24 is determined by mechanical dimensioning, i.e. the fixation pins 27 are not necessarily equally distributed along the interface surface of the poles to the rim. The same applies to the size of the pins, which does not need to be the same on each interface point.
The present invention has various advantages:
10,21 rotor rim
11 plate segment
12 cooling slit
13 strip (wedge carrier)
14 wedge
15 slot
16 pole claw
17 rotor pole
18 pole winding
19 pole gap
20 rotor (salient pole machine)
22 salient pole
23 pole winding
24 pole-rim interface
25 rim extension (rib-like)
26 pole groove
27 fixation pin (axial)
28 cylindrical surface
29 outer radius (rim)
30 salient pole machine
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2017/000345 | 3/3/2017 | WO | 00 |