Claims
- 1. An explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, and a minor emulsifying amount of a composition comprising:
- (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acylating agent, said hydrocarbyl-substituent of said acylating agent (A)(I) having a number average molecular weight of at least about 280, and (A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;
- (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having up to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;
- said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together (C) by at least one compound comprising component (C)(I) and optionally component (C)(II), Component (C)(I) being at least one oxazoline represented by the formula ##STR26## wherein in Formula (I) R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently (i) hydrogens, (ii) hydrocarbyl groups, (iii) hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl groups, (iv) hydroxy-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) groups, (v) amino-substituted hydrocarbyl groups or (vi) amino-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) groups, with the proviso that at least two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently are (iii), (iv), (v) or (vi);
- optional component (C)(II) being at least one compound other than component (C)(I) having (i) two or more primary amino groups, (ii) two or more secondary amino groups, (iii) at least one primary amino group and at least one secondary amino group, (iv) at least two hydroxyl groups or (v) at least one primary or secondary amino group and at least one hydroxyl group.
- 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein (A)(I) is represented by the formulae ##STR27## wherein R is said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I).
- 3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) has a number avenge molecular weight of at least about 420.
- 4. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) has a number avenge molecular weight of at least about 560.
- 5. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) has a number average molecular weight of at least about 700.
- 6. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) is an alkyl or an alkenyl group.
- 7. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) is derived from poly(isobutylene).
- 8. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is at least one monoamine, at least one polyamine, or mixture thereof.
- 9. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is at least one primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, or mixture thereof.
- 10. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is at least one aliphatic amine, cycloaliphatic amine, aromatic amine, or mixture thereof.
- 11. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is at least one alkylene polyamine of the formula ##STR28## wherein n is a number of from 1 to about 10, each R is independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group or a hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl group having up to about 700 carbon atoms, and the Alkylene group has from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms.
- 12. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is (a) at least one N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine, (b) at least one hydroxyl-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) analog of (a), or (c) a mixture of (a) and (b).
- 13. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is selected from the group consisting of (a) primary, secondary and tertiary alkanol amines which can be represented correspondingly by the formulae ##STR29## (b) hydroxyl-substituted oxyalkylene analogs of said alkanol amines represented by the formulae ##STR30## wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group of one to about 8 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and R' is a hydrocarbylene or hydrocarbylidene group of 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, and (c) mixtures of two of more of any of the above.
- 14. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is selected from the group consisting of dimethylethanolamine, diethylethanolamine and ammonia.
- 15. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and combinations thereof.
- 16. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (A)(II) is a mixture of ammonia and/or at least one amine with at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal or compound thereof.
- 17. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(I) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, chloromaleic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, glutaconic acid, citraconic acid, itaconic acid, allyl succinic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, dodecanedioic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, tetrapropylene-substituted succinic acid, or anhydrides or lower alkyl esters of any of the foregoing acids.
- 18. The composition of claim 1 wherein (B)(I) is represented by the formulae ##STR31## wherein R is said hydrocarbyl substituent of (B)(I).
- 19. The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (B)(I) is derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutene, 1-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, styrene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene and 1-octadecene.
- 20. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is at least one monoamine, at least one polyamine, or mixture thereof.
- 21. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is at least one primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, or mixture thereof.
- 22. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is at least one aliphatic amine, cycloaliphatic amine, aromatic amine, or mixture thereof.
- 23. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is at least one alkylene polyamine of the formula ##STR32## wherein n is a number of from 1 to about 10, each R is independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group or a hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl group having up to about 700 carbon atoms, and the Alkylene group has from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms.
- 24. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is (a) at least one N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine, (b) at least one hydroxyl-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) analog of (a), or (c) a mixture of (a) and (b).
- 25. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is selected from the group consisting of (a) primary, secondary and tertiary alkanol amines which can be represented correspondingly by the formulae ##STR33## (b) hydroxyl-substituted oxyalkylene analogs of said alkanol amines represented by the formulae ##STR34## wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group of one to about 8 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and R' is a hydrocarbylene or hydrocarbylidene group of 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, and (c) mixtures of two of more thereof.
- 26. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is selected from the group consisting of dimethylethanolamine, diethylethanolamine and ammonia.
- 27. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and combinations thereof.
- 28. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is a mixture of ammonia and/or at least one amine with at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal or compound thereof.
- 29. The composition of claim 1 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently have up to about 50 carbon atoms.
- 30. The composition of claim 1 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently have up to about 30 carbon atoms.
- 31. The composition of claim 1 wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydroxy alkyl groups of up to about 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or alkyl groups of up to about 6 carbon atoms, and R.sup.5 is a hydrocarbyl group of up to about 50 carbon atoms.
- 32. The composition of claim 1 wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydroxy methyl or hydroxy ethyl groups, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and R.sup.5 is a hydrocarbyl group of about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms.
- 33. The composition of claim 1 wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently --R.sup.6 (OR.sup.7).sub.i OH, wherein R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are alkylene or alkylidene groups, and i is a number ranging from 1 to about 10; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen or alkyl groups; and R.sup.5 is an alkyl or an alkenyl group.
- 34. The composition of claim 1 wherein (C)(I) is the product made by the condensation reaction of at least one animal or vegetable fat or oil with at least one aminoalcohol containing at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
- 35. The composition of claim 1 wherein (C)(I) is the product made by the condensation reaction of coconut oil with tris(hydroxymethyl) amino methane.
- 36. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is at least one polyamine.
- 37. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is at least one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polyamine.
- 38. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is at least one alkylene polyamine of the formula ##STR35## wherein n is a number in the range of from 1 to about 410, each R and R' is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group or a hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl group having up to about 700 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of R and at least one of R' are hydrogen, and the Alkylene group has from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms.
- 39. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is at least one polyol.
- 40. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is at least one primary or secondary hydroxyamine.
- 41. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (B)(II) is (a) at least one N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) primary or secondary amine, (b) at least one hydroxyl-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) analog of (a), or (c) a mixture of (a) and (b).
- 42. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is at least one primary or secondary alkanol amine containing up to about 40 carbon atoms.
- 43. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is selected from the group consisting of (a) primary and secondary alkanol amines which can be represented correspondingly by the formulae ##STR36## (b) hydroxyl-substituted oxyalkylene analogs of said alkanol amines represented by the formulae ##STR37## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group of one to about 8 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms and R' is a divalent hydrocarbyl group of 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, and (c) mixtures of two of more thereof.
- 44. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (C)(II) is at least one hydroxy-containing fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol or an oxyalkylene derivative of said alcohol.
- 45. An explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, and a minor emulsifying mount of a composition comprising:
- (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acylating agent, said hydrocarbyl-substituent of said acylating agent (A)(I) having a number average molecular weight of from about 280 to about 7000, and (A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;
- (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having up to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;
- said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together by (C)(I) at least one oxazoline represented by the formula ##STR38## wherein in Formula (I) R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently (i) hydrogens, (ii) hydrocarbyl groups, (iii) hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl groups, (iv) hydroxy-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) groups, (v) amino-substituted hydrocarbyl groups or (vi) amino-substituted poly(hydrocarbyloxy) groups, with the proviso that at least two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently are (iii), (iv), (v) or (vi).
- 46. An explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, and a minor emulsifying amount of a composition comprising:
- (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acylating agent, said hydrocarbyl-substituent of said acylating agent (A)(I) having a number avenge molecular weight of from about 280 to about 7000, and (A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;
- (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having up to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;
- said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together by (C)(I) the product made by the condensation reaction of at least one animal or vegetable fat or oil with at least one amino alcohol, said amino alcohol containing at least three hydroxy groups.
- 47. An explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, and a minor emulsifying amount of a composition comprising:
- (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one polyisobutenyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride, said polyisobutenyl substituent having a number average molecular weight of from about 700 to about 7000, and (A)(II) dimethylethanolamine;
- (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride, said hydrocarbyl substituent of (B)(I) having about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) dimethylethanolamine;
- said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together by (C)(I) an oxazoline represented by the formula ##STR39## wherein in Formula (I): R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydroxymethyl groups, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, and R.sup.5 is an alkyl or an alkenyl group of about 14 to about 20 carbon atoms.
- 48. An explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, and a minor emulsifying amount of a composition comprising:
- (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one polyisobutenyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride, said polyisobutenyl substituent having a number average molecular weight of from about 700 to about 7000, and (A)(II) dimethylethanolamine;
- (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride, said hydrocarbyl substituent of (B)(I) having about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) dimethylethanolamine;
- said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together by (C)(I) the product made by the condensation reaction of coconut oil with tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane.
Parent Case Info
This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 07/743,537 filed on Aug. 8, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,336,439, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 07/265,877, filed Nov. 1, 1988, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,047,175, which was a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 07/137,301, filed Dec. 23, 1987, (now U.S. Pat. No. 4,828,633).
US Referenced Citations (104)
Foreign Referenced Citations (8)
Number |
Date |
Country |
0155800B1 |
Sep 1985 |
EPX |
1306546 |
Feb 1973 |
GBX |
1335097 |
Oct 1973 |
GBX |
1423876 |
Feb 1976 |
GBX |
1538092 |
Jan 1979 |
GBX |
1557917 |
Dec 1979 |
GBX |
2042495A |
Sep 1980 |
GBX |
2058740A |
Apr 1981 |
GBX |
Divisions (2)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
743537 |
Aug 1991 |
|
Parent |
137301 |
Dec 1987 |
|
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
265877 |
Nov 1988 |
|