This relates to trays for soft solid materials, such as fresh meats, and to sealed arrangements containing said trays and methods of loading said trays.
Currently, soft materials, such as fresh meats (e.g. sausages), are typically sold to consumers in paper bags or vacuum sealed packages. Although this specification refers specifically to sausages, it is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are applicable to other soft meats and soft materials.
Paper bags are suitable for small quantities of sausages, but cannot be scaled up to larger quantities of sausages. Stacking paper bags would result in sausages in the lower levels being crushed and/or deformed, and unappetizing at best. Moreover, paper packaging is not air-tight and thus represents an inefficient use of space, and increases the likelihood of the sausages spoiling.
Another method of packaging sausages is placing sausages on a tray and performing a vacuum sealing process using, for example, a plastic sealing pouch. Vacuum sealing represents an improvement over paper packaging, as the sausages can be packed more tightly, thus saving space, and in an air-tight manner. However, soft materials such as sausages are easily deformed. As such, the vacuum sealing process causes the sausages to be crushed and/or deformed as the air is removed from the package.
One method for alleviating this problem is to freeze sausages prior to packaging them. For example, sausages can be frozen in advance of packaging, and then frozen, rigid sausages can be placed on a flat tray to be sealed. The cylindrical shape of the frozen, rigid sausages may be more closely preserved during vacuum sealing to avoid crushing (see, for example,
However, the pre-freezing process is energy-intensive, and takes a substantial amount of time before sausages are adequately frozen to be vacuum sealed with reduced deformation. Moreover, the frozen, packaged sausages have to be kept frozen. That is, they must be transported in trucks with cooling units, which represents further wastes of energy, and must be kept frozen at retailers. Further, when presented on display at retailers, these packages have a non-uniform, irregular shape. This is not aesthetically pleasing to customers.
As can be seen particularly in
In addition, it is impossible to achieve a perfect seal between the frozen sausages and the wrapping material. As can be seen in
Further, as a consequence of the requirement to freeze sausages, it is difficult or impossible to ship fresh sausages to customers (e.g. on the same day the sausages are made), because the freezing and packaging processes take too much time. This implies that sausage manufacturers located away from urban centres are at a competitive disadvantage to local butchers (who may be able to deliver small quantities locally through less efficient packaging means).
In addition, the loading of known tray 3 with sausages 2 is quite cumbersome. Sausages must be loaded manually onto tray 3, and in a fairly haphazard manner, which is labour intensive and inefficient.
There is a need for systems and processes which reduce or eliminate one or more of the above-noted disadvantages associated with present systems.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
According to an aspect, there is provided a tray for sausages.
According to another aspect, there is provided a method for loading sausages into a tray.
Other features will become apparent from the drawings in conjunction with the following description.
In the following figures, dimensions of components are chosen for convenience and clarity only and are not necessarily shown to scale. Embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
Various embodiments illustrate a tray for stacking, transporting, displaying, and selling packages filled with sausages and other soft materials. Though the following description makes frequent reference to “sausages” in connection with one or more embodiments, it should be appreciated that embodiments could also or instead be used in association with other soft materials, such as other meats, soft cheeses, and/or breads.
Referring to
As depicted in
The shape employed for cell 102 is dictated by the shape and size of the product (i.e. sausage or other soft material) to be accommodated, so as to effectively utilize space on tray 100 while maintaining structural integrity and functionality of the tray 100. Sausages are normally substantially cylindrical in shape and manufactured in “links”. In some embodiments, the longitudinal length of cell 102 may be substantially equal to the length of a sausage, such that a sausage may lay flat across the cell 102 on its side (see, e.g.,
It will be appreciated that in embodiments in which the shape of cell 102 substantially matches or is substantially complementary to the shape of a lower half of a sausage, there is minimal risk of permanent deformation on the underside of the sausage, and pre-freezing the sausages prior to placing them in the cell 102 of tray 100 is unnecessary. As shown in
Both the stability of the tray and the degree to which sausages may be deformed while resting in the tray 100 may be enhanced when the cells 102 have a shape which is complementary to the shape of the sausages. This can assist with both lateral stability and axial stability in keeping stacked trays aligned.
Reinforcement ribs 106 may surround the seat 104 and may be shaped and sized to provide rigidity and stability to the tray 100. The base support columns 108 may also provide structural, mechanical and functional support to tray 100 to prevent the tray 100 from warping or buckling, and to distribute surface tension from any wrapping material used for vacuum packing, as described in further detail below, to aid in avoiding excess forces being applied to the sausages to avoid deformation of the sausages.
The base support columns 108 may be arranged to protrude upwardly from areas between adjacent cells 102. The base support columns may be either vertically protruding, or protruding with a varying slope or slant. As shown in
Base support columns 108 may be integral with reinforcement ribs 106 and/or seat 104, but may also be separable from the tray 100. The base support columns, if not formed integrally with tray 100, may be made of a different material than tray 100. The shape of base support columns 108 may be wider at the lower end and become increasingly narrow towards top surface 110. The base support columns 108 may also be hollow so as to allow for nesting of a first tray with another tray above or below the first tray. Base support columns 108 may also, when trays are nested, prevent lateral movement of the trays. Different base support columns 108 on tray 100 may be different shapes and/or heights. In some embodiments, each base support column 108 has the same shape and height.
Top surface 110 may have any suitable texture or shape. In some embodiments, top surface 110 comprises one or more teeth 118 which have a shape complementary with tooth receptors on the underside receptors 114 of tray 100. In some embodiments, the teeth 118 on a first empty tray 100 may, when nested with a second tray 100, fit into tooth receptors on the second tray and provide a friction fit.
As shown in
The tray 100 may be made of a single material (e.g. plastic), and in particular may be made from a variety of processes (e.g. injection molding, compression molding, thermoforming, or the like). Plastics may include any known variants of polyethylene or polystyrene, as well as metals, papers, or combinations thereof. The tray 100 may also be made from a composite of separate materials joined together. In some embodiments, the tray 100 is a plastic molding in which the top surface and bottom surface are complementary surfaces (i.e. receptors 114 are the underside of base support columns 108, rib grooves 116 are the underside of reinforcement ribs 106, and the like). It will be understood that in embodiments in which different base support columns 108 have different shapes (e.g. cross-sectional shape, height, and/or width), in order to achieve optimal nesting capabilities, trays 100 used for nesting should have similar or identical dimensions.
As noted above, and as depicted in
After loading tray 100 with fresh sausages, the tray 100 may be sealed. As shown in
It will be appreciated that it is theoretically possible to simply place sausages directly in pouch 702, without using tray 100, and then to vacuum seal the pouch 702. In fact, during development of the present invention, the inventors were advised that there was no need for a tray 100, and that the concept of using a tray 100 within pouch 702 would be redundant and a waste of material, given that sausages could be placed directly into pouch 702 rather than using a tray. However, the inventors found that the use of tray 100 resulted in numerous unexpected advantages, which are described herein.
When vacuum sealing is applied to the pouch 702, the pouch tightens around the top surface 112 and the underside of tray 100. In so doing, the fresh sausages 2 are compressed. In some embodiments, the effect of this compression on the sausages 2 is a substantially continuous upper surface 802 with substantially no open space between sausages. As shown in
First, it should be noted that the above-noted vacuum sealing process can be conducted using fresh sausages. As noted above, prior trays required the sausages to be frozen prior to vacuum sealing the tray. With prior trays, any attempt to vacuum seal fresh sausages would result in the sausages squirting out of the tray, or being crushed by the sealing to the extent that the sausages could not regain their regular shape after removal from the tray.
Contrastingly, in some embodiments, the tray 100 allows for the pre-freezing step to be avoided. This represents a substantial improvement in efficiency and in the possibilities for selling fresh sausages. For example, the time required to pre-freeze the sausages to a desired level of rigidity may be avoided using tray 100, thus reducing the length of production cycles. Moreover, inventory costs may be reduced by reducing the need for freezer space required by the pre-freezing step. This may also allow sausage producers to produce and package fresh sausages for sale on the same day, rather than having to freeze sausages and then sell the sausages from frozen the following day.
Moreover, when the arrangement 800 is subsequently opened (e.g. by a consumer) after the vacuum sealing, the sausages 2 are sufficiently resilient to substantially regain their original shape. That is, the sausages can regain their original shape with little or substantially no permanent deformation. In some embodiments, the sausages may regain from ⅞ of their original shape to a full regaining of the original sausage shape. This would not be possible with previous tray designs—which result in the sausages being deformed and disfigured, and thus less attractive to the end user. The cells 102 in tray 100 are dimensioned so as to substantially maintain the original cylindrical shape of the sausages 2 prior to freezing. Contrastingly, a flat tray would not provide any support for maintaining the shape of the fresh sausage.
As a further advantage, it should be appreciated that the sealed arrangement 800 includes substantially no air pockets between sausages. Relative to the tray in
Using at least two trays 100 it may be possible to create a stacked arrangement of loaded trays, where a first cell 102 of a first tray 100 receives a sausage. Normally, all cells 102 in a first tray would be occupied by sausages and vacuum sealed before a second tray is placed on top of the first loaded, sealed tray. However, it is not strictly necessary for all cells 102 in the first tray 100 to be occupied.
As seen in
Moreover, in embodiments in which the sealed arrangement is subsequently frozen after sealing, the relatively flat upper surface 802 of sealed arrangement 800 provides a fairly even surface for stacking. While not perfectly flat, sealed arrangements 800 may be stacked with a high degree of stability. It is clear from
Various embodiments described herein may be used in conjunction with systems and methods for loading a tray with sausages or other soft materials.
As depicted, system 900 includes a processor 904, a sensing device 902, a sausage conveyor 906, and a tray conveyor 908. Sausage conveyor 906 is configured to move sausage links 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d, 2e, 2f in direction A at a predetermined speed. Tray conveyor 908 is configured to move tray 100 in direction B. In some embodiments, the tray conveyor may provide pulsed movement. For example, a motor driving tray conveyor 908 may operate in accordance with a duty cycle (illustrated as a square wave in
In operation, the sausage links 2a, 2b and 2c are propelled by sausage conveyor 906 in the longitudinal direction with sufficient velocity so as to cause sausage 2a to land in the vicinity of cell 102a in tray 100. In some embodiments, a sloped surface is provided between the sausage conveyor and the tray conveyor. The sausages may deflect off the sloped surface so as to impart lateral motion to the sausages. In some embodiments, sausage links 2a, 2b, 2c may be connected by links. In other embodiments, sausage links 2a, 2b, 2c may be separate from one another. The calibration and selection of the appropriate speed for launching sausages 2a, 2b, 2c into the cells 102a, 102b and 102c of tray 100 will depend on the particular configuration of a given system, but can be calibrated. It will be appreciated that the speeds and distances involved will vary with different shapes and sizes of sausages.
In embodiments in which sausage links are connected, the linkage between individual sausages may facilitate the subsequent landing of sausage 2b into cell 102b after sausage 2a has landed substantially in cell 102a. Likewise, the position of sausages 2a and 2b in cells 102a and 102b, respectively, may facilitate the landing of sausage 2c into cell 102c.
In embodiments in which sausages are not linked, the presence of sausage 2a in cell 102a may still provide a degree of facilitation of placing sausage 2b into cell 102b, since sausage 2b may bump into sausage 2a while being projected from sausage conveyor 906.
After sausages 2a, 2b and 2c have landed substantially in cells 102a, 102b and 102c, tray conveyor 908 may be actuated to move tray 100 laterally in direction B. Preferably, the tray 100 is moved by a distance substantially similar to the width of cells 102a, 102b, and 102c. Thus, the next set of sausage links 2d, 2e, 2f will be propelled by the sausage conveyor 906 into the next column of cells 102d, 102e, 102f.
In some embodiments, the duty cycle or speed at which tray conveyor 908 moves tray 100 is determined in part by a sensing device 902. The sensing device 902 may, for example, detect the presence of sausages or a particular number of sausages, and communicate this sensing data to processor 904. Processor 904 may in turn send a signal to the motor driving tray conveyor 908 to move at a certain speed or to adjust a duty cycle so as to ensure synchronization between the incoming sausage links from sausage conveyor 906 and open cells 102 in tray 100.
In some embodiments, sensing device 902 may be an optical sensor. For example, the optical sensor may send a first signal when no sausages are visible, and send a second signal when sausages are detected. The length of time between first and second signals may be used to determine an appropriate speed or duty cycle for tray conveyor 908 in order for tray 100 to receive the incoming sausages.
It will be appreciated that sausages do not have identical shapes and that some variation will be present. As such, sausages may not fall perfectly into cells 102a, 102b, 102c. It has been found that if a duty cycle is used for tray conveyor 908, the jerking motion during tray movement may assist with causing the sausages to fall into the correct cell. Because the cells 102a, 102b and 102c are shaped to substantially match the shape of sausages 2a, 2b, 2c, and because the tray 100 includes ribs 106, a sausage which does not land perfectly within a particular cell may fall into place after the pulse of lateral movement provided by the tray conveyor 908 when the tray is moved to the next position.
This may provide substantial advantages over prior systems, which required either the manual placement of sausages into a tray, or the use of robotic arms to detect and place sausages in a certain manner. It will be appreciated that building and customizing a robotic system is prohibitively expensive and impractical for most circumstances. Moreover, it will be appreciated that reducing the cost of labour associated with having employees manually place sausages into a tray would be advantageous for a business. For example, rather than having 6 employees manually placing sausages into trays, the system of
Thus, the systems and methods described herein provide for numerous improvements in efficiency and many advantages over conventional tray systems.
In addition, further embodiments are contemplated, in particular for different shapes of sausages. For example,
Of course, the above described embodiments are intended to be illustrative only and in no way limiting. The described embodiments are susceptible to many modifications of form, arrangement of parts, details and order of operation. The invention is intended to encompass all such modification within its scope, as defined by the claims.
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