Patent Grant
10904214
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
This invention relates generally to computer networks and more particularly to dispersing error encoded data.
Computing devices are known to communicate data, process data, and/or store data. Such computing devices range from wireless smart phones, laptops, tablets, personal computers (PC), work stations, and video game devices, to data centers that support millions of web searches, stock trades, or on-line purchases every day. In general, a computing device includes a central processing unit (CPU), a memory system, user input/output interfaces, peripheral device interfaces, and an interconnecting bus structure.
As is further known, a computer may effectively extend its CPU by using “cloud computing” to perform one or more computing functions (e.g., a service, an application, an algorithm, an arithmetic logic function, etc.) on behalf of the computer. Further, for large services, applications, and/or functions, cloud computing may be performed by multiple cloud computing resources in a distributed manner to improve the response time for completion of the service, application, and/or function. For example, Hadoop is an open source software framework that supports distributed applications enabling application execution by thousands of computers.
In addition to cloud computing, a computer may use “cloud storage” as part of its memory system. As is known, cloud storage enables a user, via its computer, to store files, applications, etc. on an Internet storage system. The Internet storage system may include a RAID (redundant array of independent disks) system and/or a dispersed storage system that uses an error correction scheme to encode data for storage.
As is also further known, stored data may be secured by a variety of methods (e.g., encryption, firewalls, etc.). Deliberate attacks (e.g., phishing, keylogger scams, etc.) on systems often occur in an attempt to gain access to data stored within the system. Other times, data may be inadvertently exposed to unauthorized users and/or devices. The data stored on a system may also be less secure at times when a storage device of the system is failing.
The DSN memory 22 includes a plurality of storage units 36 that may be located at geographically different sites (e.g., one in Chicago, one in Milwaukee, etc.), at a common site, or a combination thereof. For example, if the DSN memory 22 includes eight storage units 36, each storage unit is located at a different site. As another example, if the DSN memory 22 includes eight storage units 36, all eight storage units are located at the same site. As yet another example, if the DSN memory 22 includes eight storage units 36, a first pair of storage units are at a first common site, a second pair of storage units are at a second common site, a third pair of storage units are at a third common site, and a fourth pair of storage units are at a fourth common site. Note that a DSN memory 22 may include more or less than eight storage units 36. Further note that each storage unit 36 includes a computing core (as shown in
Each of the computing devices 12-16, the managing unit 18, and the integrity processing unit 20 include a computing core 26, which includes network interfaces 30-33. Computing devices 12-16 may each be a portable computing device and/or a fixed computing device. A portable computing device may be a social networking device, a gaming device, a cell phone, a smart phone, a digital assistant, a digital music player, a digital video player, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a tablet, a video game controller, and/or any other portable device that includes a computing core. A fixed computing device may be a computer (PC), a computer server, a cable set-top box, a satellite receiver, a television set, a printer, a fax machine, home entertainment equipment, a video game console, and/or any type of home or office computing equipment. Note that each of the managing unit 18 and the integrity processing unit 20 may be separate computing devices, may be a common computing device, and/or may be integrated into one or more of the computing devices 12-16 and/or into one or more of the storage units 36.
Each interface 30, 32, and 33 includes software and hardware to support one or more communication links via the network 24 indirectly and/or directly. For example, interface 30 supports a communication link (e.g., wired, wireless, direct, via a LAN, via the network 24, etc.) between computing devices 14 and 16. As another example, interface 32 supports communication links (e.g., a wired connection, a wireless connection, a LAN connection, and/or any other type of connection to/from the network 24) between computing devices 12 and 16 and the DSN memory 22. As yet another example, interface 33 supports a communication link for each of the managing unit 18 and the integrity processing unit 20 to the network 24.
Computing devices 12 and 16 include a security module 35, which operates to determine if one or more of the computing devices, managing unit, integrity processing unit, or other device operating in the DSN 10 has a security risk. The security module 35 is discussed further in reference to
In operation, the managing unit 18 performs DS management services. For example, the managing unit 18 establishes distributed data storage parameters (e.g., vault creation, distributed storage parameters, security parameters, billing information, user profile information, etc.) for computing devices 12-14 individually or as part of a group of user devices. As a specific example, the managing unit 18 coordinates creation of a vault (e.g., a virtual memory block associated with a portion of an overall namespace of the DSN) within the DSN memory 22 for a user device, a group of devices, or for public access and establishes per vault dispersed storage (DS) error encoding parameters for a vault. The managing unit 18 facilitates storage of DS error encoding parameters for each vault by updating registry information of the DSN 10, where the registry information may be stored in the DSN memory 22, a computing device 12-16, the managing unit 18, and/or the integrity processing unit 20.
The managing unit 18 creates and stores user profile information (e.g., an access control list (ACL)) in local memory and/or within memory of the DSN memory 22. The user profile information includes authentication information, permissions, and/or the security parameters. The security parameters may include encryption/decryption scheme, one or more encryption keys, key generation scheme, and/or data encoding/decoding scheme.
The managing unit 18 creates billing information for a particular user, a user group, a vault access, public vault access, etc. For instance, the managing unit 18 tracks the number of times a user accesses a non-public vault and/or public vaults, which can be used to generate a per-access billing information. In another instance, the managing unit 18 tracks the amount of data stored and/or retrieved by a user device and/or a user group, which can be used to generate a per-data-amount billing information.
As another example, the managing unit 18 performs network operations, network administration, and/or network maintenance. Network operations includes authenticating user data allocation requests (e.g., read and/or write requests), managing creation of vaults, establishing authentication credentials for user devices, adding/deleting components (e.g., user devices, storage units, and/or computing devices with a DS client module 34) to/from the DSN 10, and/or establishing authentication credentials for the storage units 36. Network administration includes monitoring devices and/or units for failures, maintaining vault information, determining device and/or unit activation status, determining device and/or unit loading, and/or determining any other system level operation that affects the performance level of the DSN 10. Network maintenance includes facilitating replacing, upgrading, repairing, and/or expanding a device and/or unit of the DSN 10.
The integrity processing unit 20 performs rebuilding of ‘bad’ or missing encoded data slices. At a high level, the integrity processing unit 20 performs rebuilding by periodically attempting to retrieve/list encoded data slices, and/or slice names of the encoded data slices, from the DSN memory 22. For retrieved encoded slices, they are checked for errors due to data corruption, outdated version, etc. If a slice includes an error, it is flagged as a ‘bad’ slice. For encoded data slices that were not received and/or not listed, they are flagged as missing slices. Bad and/or missing slices are subsequently rebuilt using other retrieved encoded data slices that are deemed to be good slices to produce rebuilt slices. The rebuilt slices are stored in the DSN memory 22.
The DSN interface module 76 functions to mimic a conventional operating system (OS) file system interface (e.g., network file system (NFS), flash file system (FFS), disk file system (DFS), file transfer protocol (FTP), web-based distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV), etc.) and/or a block memory interface (e.g., small computer system interface (SCSI), internet small computer system interface (iSCSI), etc.). The DSN interface module 76 and/or the network interface module 70 may function as one or more of the interface 30-33 of
In the present example, Cauchy Reed-Solomon has been selected as the encoding function (a generic example is shown in
The computing device 12 or 16 then disperse storage error encodes a data segment using the selected encoding function (e.g., Cauchy Reed-Solomon) to produce a set of encoded data slices.
Returning to the discussion of
As a result of encoding, the computing device 12 or 16 produces a plurality of sets of encoded data slices, which are provided with their respective slice names to the storage units for storage. As shown, the first set of encoded data slices includes EDS 1_1 through EDS 5_1 and the first set of slice names includes SN 1_1 through SN 5_1 and the last set of encoded data slices includes EDS 1_Y through EDS 5_Y and the last set of slice names includes SN 1_Y through SN 5_Y.
To recover a data segment from a decode threshold number of encoded data slices, the computing device uses a decoding function as shown in
The method continues at step 104, where the security module determines, based on the security risk level, a type of security response and a level of the security response. For example, the security module identifies the storage unit having a security risk based on one or more of: atypical data access requests (e.g., not part of a set, but individual access requests), atypical error rate (e.g., higher than other storage units in the same set and/or at the same site for corrupted data or missing data), and atypical response rate (e.g., higher than average off-line time than other storage units in the same set and/or at the same site). The security module then determines the security risk level for the identified storage unit based on a scale of the one or more of the atypical data access requests, the atypical error rate, and the atypical response rate and determines the storage unit security response when the security risk level indicates potential compromise to data stored in the identified storage unit and determines the DSN security response when the security risk level indicates potential compromise to process resources of the identified storage unit.
When the type of security response is a storage unit security response, the method continues at step 106 where the security module determines if the level of security response is a first local level. When the level of security response is the first local level, the method continues at step 108 where the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement the first local level security response. For example, when the security module determines the type of security response is a storage unit security response and the level of security response is a first local level, the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement putting memory devices in the identified storage unit into a read only mode. As another example, when the security module determines the type of security response is a storage unit security response and the level of security response is a first local level, the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement ceasing multiple phase write operations. As a yet further example, when the security module determines the type of security response is a storage unit security response and the level of security response is a first local level, the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement one or more of the read only mode, the ceasing multiple phase write operations and ceasing issuance of rebuild requests.
The method continues at step 122, where the security module determines if the storage unit security response at the first local level resolved the security risk. When the storage unit security response at the first local level resolved the security risk, the method continues at step 128, where the security module performs undoing the security response(s) to restore the identified storage unit to a non-security risk operating condition. For example, the storage module instructs the identified storage unit to cease the read-only mode. When the storage unit security response at the first local level did not resolve the security risk, the method continues with step 124, where the security module determines if the risk has escalated.
When the security module determines the risk has escalated, the method continues to step 126, where if available, the security module implements a next type level response. For example, when the type of security response is the storage unit security response and the level of the security response is the first local level, the security module determines, while the storage unit is restricted in accordance with the one or more of a read only mode, ceasing multiple phase write operations, and ceasing issuance of rebuild requests being active, whether the security risk level has escalated. When the security module determines the security risk level has escalated, the security module changes the level of the security response to a second local level and instructs the identified storage unit to implement one or more of, deleting cached encryption keys, deleting user credentials, and resetting device local passwords to random passwords.
As another example, when the type of security response is the DSN security response and the level of the security response is the first network level, the security module determines, while the storage unit is restricted in accordance with revocation of the one or more digital certificates and deletion of the one or more access permissions, whether the security risk level has escalated, and when the security risk level has escalated, the security module changes the level of the security response to a second network level and instructs the one or more devices of the DSN to perform at least one of, powering down the identified storage unit, powering down a device that includes the identified storage unit, and instructing other devices in the DSN not to communicate with or accept communication from at least one of the identified storage unit and the device that includes the identified storage unit. When the security module determines the security risk level has not escalated, the method continues to step 122.
When the level of security response is not the first local level, the method continues to step 110, where the security module determines if the level of security response is a second local level. When the level of the security response is the second local level, the method continues at step 112, where the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement the second local level security response. For example, the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement one or more of deleting cached encryption keys, deleting user credentials, and resetting device local passwords to random passwords. The method then continues to step 122.
When the level of the security response is not the second local level, the method continues to step 114, where the security module performs a third local level security response. For example, when the type of security response is the storage unit security response and the level of the security response is the third local level, the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement one or more of shutting down, terminating open connections, disabling network ports, and activating firewalls to block or restrict external communication. The method then continues to step 122.
When the type of security response is a DSN security response, the method continues at step 116, where the security module determines if the level of security response is a first network level. When the level of security response is the first network level, the method continues at step 120, where the security module instructs one or more devices of the DSN to perform the first network level security response. For example, the security module instructs one or more devices of the DSN to perform at least one of revoking one or more digital certificates (e.g., certificates created by trusted certificate authorities to sign responses for authentication) of the identified storage unit and deleting one or more access permissions (e.g., updates, verification requests, access to access control lists, etc.) of the identified storage unit. The method then continues to step 122.
When the level of security response is not the first network level, the method continues at step 118, where the security module instructs one or more devices of the DSN to perform a second network level security response. For example, when the type of security response is a DSN security response and the level of the security response is the second network level, the security module instructs one or more devices of the DSN to perform at least one of powering down the identified storage unit, powering down a device that includes the identified storage unit, and instructing other devices in the DSN not to communicate with or accept communication from at least one of the identified storage unit and the device that includes the identified storage unit. The method then continues to step 122.
When the type of security response is both a storage unit security response and a DSN security response, the method concurrently continues at step 106 and 116 where the security module instructs the identified storage unit to implement a storage unit security response and instructs one or more devices of the DSN to perform a DSN security response.
It is noted that terminologies as may be used herein such as bit stream, stream, signal sequence, etc. (or their equivalents) have been used interchangeably to describe digital information whose content corresponds to any of a number of desired types (e.g., data, video, speech, audio, etc. any of which may generally be referred to as ‘data’).
As may be used herein, the terms “substantially” and “approximately” provides an industry-accepted tolerance for its corresponding term and/or relativity between items. Such an industry-accepted tolerance ranges from less than one percent to fifty percent and corresponds to, but is not limited to, component values, integrated circuit process variations, temperature variations, rise and fall times, and/or thermal noise. Such relativity between items ranges from a difference of a few percent to magnitude differences. As may also be used herein, the term(s) “configured to”, “operably coupled to”, “coupled to”, and/or “coupling” includes direct coupling between items and/or indirect coupling between items via an intervening item (e.g., an item includes, but is not limited to, a component, an element, a circuit, and/or a module) where, for an example of indirect coupling, the intervening item does not modify the information of a signal but may adjust its current level, voltage level, and/or power level. As may further be used herein, inferred coupling (i.e., where one element is coupled to another element by inference) includes direct and indirect coupling between two items in the same manner as “coupled to”. As may even further be used herein, the term “configured to”, “operable to”, “coupled to”, or “operably coupled to” indicates that an item includes one or more of power connections, input(s), output(s), etc., to perform, when activated, one or more its corresponding functions and may further include inferred coupling to one or more other items. As may still further be used herein, the term “associated with”, includes direct and/or indirect coupling of separate items and/or one item being embedded within another item.
As may be used herein, the term “compares favorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., provides a desired relationship. For example, when the desired relationship is that signal 1 has a greater magnitude than signal 2, a favorable comparison may be achieved when the magnitude of signal 1 is greater than that of signal 2 or when the magnitude of signal 2 is less than that of signal 1. As may be used herein, the term “compares unfavorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., fails to provide the desired relationship.
As may also be used herein, the terms “processing module”, “processing circuit”, “processor”, and/or “processing unit” may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operational instructions. The processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit may be, or further include, memory and/or an integrated memory element, which may be a single memory device, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of another processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit includes more than one processing device, the processing devices may be centrally located (e.g., directly coupled together via a wired and/or wireless bus structure) or may be distributedly located (e.g., cloud computing via indirect coupling via a local area network and/or a wide area network). Further note that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory and/or memory element storing the corresponding operational instructions may be embedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. Still further note that, the memory element may store, and the processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit executes, hard coded and/or operational instructions corresponding to at least some of the steps and/or functions illustrated in one or more of the Figures. Such a memory device or memory element can be included in an article of manufacture.
One or more embodiments have been described above with the aid of method steps illustrating the performance of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries and sequence of these functional building blocks and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries and sequences can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships are appropriately performed. Any such alternate boundaries or sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claims. Further, the boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries could be defined as long as the certain significant functions are appropriately performed. Similarly, flow diagram blocks may also have been arbitrarily defined herein to illustrate certain significant functionality.
To the extent used, the flow diagram block boundaries and sequence could have been defined otherwise and still perform the certain significant functionality. Such alternate definitions of both functional building blocks and flow diagram blocks and sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claims. One of average skill in the art will also recognize that the functional building blocks, and other illustrative blocks, modules and components herein, can be implemented as illustrated or by discrete components, application specific integrated circuits, processors executing appropriate software and the like or any combination thereof.
In addition, a flow diagram may include a “start” and/or “continue” indication. The “start” and “continue” indications reflect that the steps presented can optionally be incorporated in or otherwise used in conjunction with other routines. In this context, “start” indicates the beginning of the first step presented and may be preceded by other activities not specifically shown. Further, the “continue” indication reflects that the steps presented may be performed multiple times and/or may be succeeded by other activities not specifically shown. Further, while a flow diagram indicates a particular ordering of steps, other orderings are likewise possible provided that the principles of causality are maintained.
The one or more embodiments are used herein to illustrate one or more aspects, one or more features, one or more concepts, and/or one or more examples. A physical embodiment of an apparatus, an article of manufacture, a machine, and/or of a process may include one or more of the aspects, features, concepts, examples, etc. described with reference to one or more of the embodiments discussed herein. Further, from figure to figure, the embodiments may incorporate the same or similarly named functions, steps, modules, etc. that may use the same or different reference numbers and, as such, the functions, steps, modules, etc. may be the same or similar functions, steps, modules, etc. or different ones.
Unless specifically stated to the contra, signals to, from, and/or between elements in a figure of any of the figures presented herein may be analog or digital, continuous time or discrete time, and single-ended or differential. For instance, if a signal path is shown as a single-ended path, it also represents a differential signal path. Similarly, if a signal path is shown as a differential path, it also represents a single-ended signal path. While one or more particular architectures are described herein, other architectures can likewise be implemented that use one or more data buses not expressly shown, direct connectivity between elements, and/or indirect coupling between other elements as recognized by one of average skill in the art.
The term “module” is used in the description of one or more of the embodiments. A module implements one or more functions via a device such as a processor or other processing device or other hardware that may include or operate in association with a memory that stores operational instructions. A module may operate independently and/or in conjunction with software and/or firmware. As also used herein, a module may contain one or more sub-modules, each of which may be one or more modules.
As may further be used herein, a computer readable memory includes one or more memory elements. A memory element may be a separate memory device, multiple memory devices, or a set of memory locations within a memory device. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. The memory device may be in a form a solid state memory, a hard drive memory, cloud memory, thumb drive, server memory, computing device memory, and/or other physical medium for storing digital information.
While particular combinations of various functions and features of the one or more embodiments have been expressly described herein, other combinations of these features and functions are likewise possible. The present disclosure is not limited by the particular examples disclosed herein and expressly incorporates these other combinations.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4092732 | Ouchi | May 1978 | A |
| 5454101 | Mackay et al. | Sep 1995 | A |
| 5485474 | Rabin | Jan 1996 | A |
| 5774643 | Lubbers et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5802364 | Senator et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5809285 | Hilland | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5890156 | Rekieta et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5987622 | Lo Verso et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5991414 | Garay et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 6012159 | Fischer et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6058454 | Gerlach et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6128277 | Bruck et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6175571 | Haddock et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6192472 | Garay et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6256688 | Suetaka et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6272658 | Steele et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6301604 | Nojima | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6356949 | Katsandres et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
| 6366995 | Vilkov et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6374336 | Peters et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6415373 | Peters et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6418539 | Walker | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6449688 | Peters et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6567948 | Steele et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6571282 | Bowman-Amuah | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6609223 | Wolfgang | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6718361 | Basani et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
| 6760808 | Peters et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
| 6785768 | Peters et al. | Aug 2004 | B2 |
| 6785783 | Buckland | Aug 2004 | B2 |
| 6826711 | Moulton et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6879596 | Dooply | Apr 2005 | B1 |
| 7003688 | Pittelkow et al. | Feb 2006 | B1 |
| 7024451 | Jorgenson | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| 7024609 | Wolfgang et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| 7080101 | Watson et al. | Jul 2006 | B1 |
| 7103824 | Halford | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7103915 | Redlich et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7111115 | Peters et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7140044 | Redlich et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
| 7146644 | Redlich et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
| 7171493 | Shu et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
| 7222133 | Raipurkar et al. | May 2007 | B1 |
| 7240236 | Cutts et al. | Jul 2007 | B2 |
| 7272613 | Sim et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
| 7636724 | de la Torre et al. | Dec 2009 | B2 |
| 8601259 | Resch | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 8751829 | Vysogorets et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
| 8909858 | Resch et al. | Dec 2014 | B2 |
| 20020062422 | Butterworth et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020166079 | Ulrich et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20030018927 | Gadir et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030037261 | Meffert et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030065617 | Watkins et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030084020 | Shu | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20040024963 | Talagala et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
| 20040122917 | Menon et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040215998 | Buxton et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040228493 | Ma et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20050100022 | Ramprashad | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050114594 | Corbett et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050125593 | Karpoff et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050131993 | Fatula, Jr. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050132070 | Redlich et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050144382 | Schmisseur | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050229069 | Hassner | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20060047907 | Shiga et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060136448 | Cialini et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060156059 | Kitamura | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060156391 | Salowey | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060224603 | Correll, Jr. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20070079081 | Gladwin et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070079082 | Gladwin et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070079083 | Gladwin et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070088970 | Buxton et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070174192 | Gladwin et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070214285 | Au et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
| 20070234110 | Soran et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070283167 | Venters, III et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20090094251 | Gladwin et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090094318 | Gladwin et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20100023524 | Gladwin et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
| 20110055178 | Mark | Mar 2011 | A1 |
| 20130014254 | Gladwin | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130283094 | Baptist | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20140351891 | Grube | Nov 2014 | A1 |
| 20160241573 | Mixer | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| Entry |
|---|
| Shamir; How to Share a Secret; Communications of the ACM; vol. 22, No. 11; Nov. 1979; pp. 612-613. |
| Rabin; Efficient Dispersal of Information for Security, Load Balancing, and Fault Tolerance; Journal of the Association for Computer Machinery; vol. 36, No. 2; Apr. 1989; pp. 335-348. |
| Chung; An Automatic Data Segmentation Method for 3D Measured Data Points; National Taiwan University; pp. 1-8; 1998. |
| Plank, T1: Erasure Codes for Storage Applications; FAST2005, 4th Usenix Conference on File Storage Technologies; Dec. 13-16, 2005; pp. 1-74. |
| Wildi; Java iSCSi Initiator; Master Thesis; Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz; Feb. 2007; 60 pgs. |
| Legg; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Syntaxes and Matching Rules; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4517; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-50. |
| Zeilenga; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Internationalized String Preparation; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4518; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-14. |
| Smith; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Uniform Resource Locator; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4516; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-15. |
| Smith; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Search Filters; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4515; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-12. |
| Zeilenga; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Directory Information Models; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4512; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-49. |
| Sciberras; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Schema for User Applications; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4519; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-33. |
| Harrison; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Authentication Methods and Security Mechanisms; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4513; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-32. |
| Zeilenga; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Technical Specification Road Map; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4510; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-8. |
| Zeilenga; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Distinguished Names; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4514; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-15. |
| Sermersheim; Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): The Protocol; IETF Network Working Group; RFC 4511; Jun. 2006; pp. 1-68. |
| Satran, et al.; Internet Small Computer Systems Interface (iSCSI); IETF Network Working Group; RFC 3720; Apr. 2004; pp. 1-257. |
| Xin, et al.; Evaluation of Distributed Recovery in Large-Scale Storage Systems; 13th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing; Jun. 2004; pp. 172-181. |
| Kubiatowicz, et al.; OceanStore: An Architecture for Global-Scale Persistent Storage; Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS 2000); Nov. 2000; pp. 1-12. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190268304 A1 | Aug 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15249037 | Aug 2016 | US |
| Child | 16409435 | US |
