Patent Application
20190103002
The present invention relates to automated teller machines, and in particular a security apparatus for the detection and nullifying of the operation of a cash capture device inserted into a presenter area of an automated teller machine.
Automated banking machines are well known. A common type of automated banking machine used by consumers is an automated teller machine (“ATM”), colloquially known by terms such as “cash dispenser”, “cash machine” or “hole-in-the-wall”. ATMs enable customers to carry out banking transactions. Common banking transactions that may be carried out with ATMs include the dispensing of cash in the form of paper currency, the receipt of deposits, the transfer of funds between accounts, the payment of bills, account balance inquiries and mobile phone top-up etc. The types of banking transactions a customer can carry out are determined by capabilities of the particular banking machine and the institution offering the service.
In the United Kingdom there are around seventy thousand ATMs and this number is on the increase. ATM fraud is also on the increase and perpetrators are constantly devising new ways in which to fraudulently extract cash from inside ATMs. One method in which perpetrators attempt to extract cash from an ATM is by using a cash capture device. A cash capture device is inserted by the perpetrator in to a cash dispensing slot such that the cash is intercepted by the cash capture device inside the ATM and not dispensed to a user who has requested the cash. The perpetrator then returns to the ATM to remove the cash that is retained inside the ATM.
ATM fraud appears to be on the increase because ATM fraud produces cash and is fairly low risk relative to other crimes. The equipment used to implement ATM fraud is inexpensive, readily available and expendable, which makes ATM fraud popular with organized crime networks. There is therefore a need to provide an improved apparatus for cash capture device detection.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a cash capture operation defeating assembly for an automated teller machine. A first sensor is mounted outside a plane of paper currency dispense and between a currency dispenser shutter and presenter belts of a presenter area of the automated teller machine and mounted in a same vertical plane as a pair of presenter belts, the first sensor being operable for detecting a first object inserted between presenter belts of a pair of presenter belts; and a second sensor mounted outside the plane of paper currency dispense in the presenter area and not mounted in the same vertical plane as the pair of presenter belts, the second sensor being operable for detecting paper currency as the paper currency passes in a paper currency dispense operation. Control circuitry is provided for receiving object detection signals from the first and second sensors. The assembly is operable in such a way that, when the first and second sensors are mounted in the automated teller machine and the first sensor detects an object: if the second sensor has previously detected a second object within a predetermined time period before the detecting of the first object by the first sensor, the time period being determined so as to encompass the time for traverse of paper currency from the second to the first sensor during a paper currency dispense operation, then the control circuitry determines that a normal paper currency dispense has occurred and that the first and second objects each comprise the paper currency, and if the second sensor has not previously detected the second object within the predetermined time period before the detecting of the first object by the first sensor, then the control circuitry determines that the first object detected by the first sensor is potentially a cash capture device, and the control circuitry initiates an alarm state of the assembly.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a kit of parts including the cash capture operation defeating assembly, and an automated teller machine including the cash capture operation defeating assembly. Further embodiments include a method for detecting insertion of a cash capture device into a presenter area of an automated teller machine, and a computer program product for performing the method.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale. It should also be understood that the same reference numerals are used throughout the description and the drawings to indicate the same or similar parts. Where reference is made to descriptors relating to orientation, such descriptors are used merely for the purposes of clarity and ease of understanding with reference to the drawings. They are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention may be orientated in any way convenient without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The ATM 100 comprises a housing 150 which comprises a non-secure portion 200 and a secure portion 205.
The non-secure portion 200 comprises a further housing having a public outer fascia 155 which comprises a display 105 for displaying user information to a user, screen selection keys 110 and keypad 115 for inputting data, a DC power supply 210, a card reader 225 for receiving a user bank card or other form of identity via a card receiving aperture 130, a cash dispensing aperture 125 and associated shutter assembly 245 for dispensing cash in the form of paper currency processed and stored in a presenter area 235 of the ATM 100, a deposit aperture 120 for receiving deposits stored in a depository 230 and communicating with a deposit shutter assembly 240, an envelope dispensing aperture 145 for dispensing from envelope dispenser 250 envelopes for holding cash or check deposits for receiving by the deposit aperture 120, a receipt dispensing aperture 140 for dispensing receipts acknowledging a transaction made by a customer, an interlock PCB 255 coupled to a safe door switch 260, and a printer 220 for printing the receipts.
The non-secure portion 200 also houses a data processing apparatus 215 (which may include a PC core) for communicating with each of the components of the ATM 100 in order to process a requested transaction and to control the mechanical components of the ATM 100 in order to complete a requested and authorized transaction.
Dispenser area 235 further comprises a number of optical sensors 305, 310, 315 for detecting and validating the presence of paper currency in the presenter area.
For clarity, the dispenser area 235 referred to herein comprises a presenter unit 355, the dispenser shutter assembly 245 and paper currency dispenser aperture 125. A person skilled in the art will realize that there are many types of internal configurations of an ATM 100 and the above description is not limiting. Many other configurations are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In use a user inserts the user's bank card into the card reader 130 and the display unit 105 requests the user to enter their personal identification number. The data processing apparatus 215 validates the personal identification number and the display unit 105 presents the user with a number of financial transaction options. When a request for cash withdrawal is made and approved, the data processing apparatus 215 sends an instruction to the pickup module 265 which causes the pickup module 265 to obtain the requested paper currency from one or more of the currency cassettes 340, 345. As the individual units of paper currency are requested, the units of paper currency are validated and in response the presenter belts 365 transport the paper currency through the secure housing along a transportation path 330, 335 (following the direction of the arrows) for dispensing to the user through the currency dispenser aperture 125. In one embodiment, when the paper currency is transported along the transportation path, the paper currency passes under various sensors 350, 315, 310 and 305. The sensors perform various functions such as the following functions:
Sensor 350—acknowledges presence of paper currency after the measuring process.
Sensor 315—acknowledges timely arrival of paper currency for dispense.
Sensor 310—acknowledges timing restrictions and initiates a signal for the dispenser shutter to open.
Sensor 305—acknowledges a timing sequence and signals for dispenser shutter to close.
Once the paper currency is transported a predetermined distance from sensor 305 the cash dispenser shutter of shutter assembly 245 remains open until the user removes the paper currency from the cash dispenser aperture 125. Once the paper currency is removed by the user the cash dispenser shutter of shutter assembly 245 closes.
One method of fraudulent activity involving ATM machines is by use of a cash capture device. A fraud perpetrator inserts a cash capture device in to a cash dispensing aperture of the ATM. Cash requested by a subsequent user is retained in the ATM by the cash capture device and retrieved later by the perpetrator.
The most common type of cash capture device may also be termed a cash claw because of the shape of the device. Various designs of cash claw are known. Defensive measures are applied to ATMs to detect the presence of cash capture devices such as cash claws. Fraud perpetrators then devise new designs of cash claw to attempt to defeat these measures.
A fraud perpetrator first gains access to the presenter area of the ATM behind the shutter. The perpetrator may do this by first requesting a low value cash amount from the ATM using, for example, a fraudulent prepaid bank cash card. When ATM shutter of shutter assembly 245 opens, the perpetrator inserts a cash capture device, for example cash claw 400a, between the center pair of presenter belts 460, for example, before removing the cash dispensed. Shutter of shutter assembly 245 closes with cash claw 400a in position as shown in
The perpetrator now waits for a subsequent user of the ATM to request a currency dispense. Paper currency passes from currency cassettes 340, 345, and arrives at point 455 between the presenter belts which extend closest to shutter assembly 245, identified here as center pair of belts 460 and outer pair of belts 465. The paper currency passes between the presenter belts for dispense. However, when the paper currency reaches the position of sensor 315, stoppers 415 prevent further travel and the paper currency does not reach sensor 310. ATM control circuitry of data processing apparatus 215 responds to the absence of a detection signal from sensor 310 to issue a “jam” message. Data processing apparatus 215 reverses pairs of presenter belts 460, 465 to attempt to rectify the jam. Attempted retraction of the paper currency fails as claw 420 arrests the paper currency to retain the paper currency in position 450 of
Variations to the above process may occur. For example, when the perpetrator uses an in-line cash claw without stoppers, for example cash claw 400d of
Embodiments of the invention comprise a cash capture operation defeating assembly. The assembly comprises infrared sensors which can detect transparent or translucent objects, for example transparent or translucent plastics cash capture devices. The assembly also comprises associated control logic which may be embodied in electronic control circuitry. The assembly may comprise a cash capture defeating kit of parts which may be retrofitted to ATMs of appropriate types. Alternatively, an ATM may comprise the assembly incorporated into the design of the ATM and structurally part of the ATM control circuitry.
In one embodiment, the assembly comprises sensors 620a, 620b, and 620c positioned outside the plane of paper currency dispense, for example above the plane of paper currency dispense as illustrated in
The assembly comprises at least one further infrared sensor 640 arranged within the presenter area occupied by the presenter belts which extend closest to shutter assembly 245. The infrared sensor 640 is therefore mounted further towards the interior of the ATM than sensors 620a, 620b, 620c. In one embodiment, a mounting beam, rod or similar mounting member 630 provides a mounting point for sensor 640 and is suitably attached to the ATM structure of the ATM. Sensor 640 is positioned outside the plane of paper currency dispense, i.e., above or below this plane of paper currency dispense, but, unlike sensors 620a, 620b and 620c, not in line with any of the presenter belts. Sensor 640 is therefore operable for detecting currency which is dispensed via the presenter area. Thus, the assembly may comprise more than one sensor 640 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Infrared sensors 620a, 620b, 620c and 640 may comprise any suitable design operable for detecting objects by reception of reflected infrared radiation. One type of sensor which is readily available commercially comprises an infrared transmitter LED and an adjacent infrared receiver, which is operable for detecting an object by emitting from the transmitter infrared radiation which is reflected by an object in the path of the infrared radiation and the reflected infrared radiation is detected by the receiver which generates a detection signal.
In operation of the cash capture operation defeating assembly, sensors 620a, 620b and 620c serve to detect insertion of a cash capture device via the cash dispensing aperture when shutter of shutter assembly 245 is open. Sensor 640 serves to detect paper currency during a cash dispensing operation. The sensors may be termed device insertion sensors 620a, 620b, 620c and dispensed cash sensor 640 respectively.
The cash capture operation defeating assembly comprises, in addition to the sensors described with reference to
In operation of the assembly, device insertion sensor 620a,b,c and currency dispense sensor 640 operate in concert to detect insertion of a cash capture device. Sensor 640 generates a detection signal when sensor 640 detects an object (e.g., paper currency). If sensor 620a,b,c detects an object within a predetermined time period after sensor 640 detects an object, then a normal currency dispense operation is indicated and the object detected by sensor 620a,b,c is the paper currency previously detected by sensor 640. If sensor 620a,b,c detects an object without this prior object detection by sensor 640, then the object detected by sensor 620a,b,c is being fraudulently inserted into the presenter area.
During a normal cash dispensing operation of the ATM, paper currency comprising a number of paper currency notes travels in direction of arrow B of
Elements of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in which the cash capture operation defeating assembly comprises a device insertion detection kit comprising an assembly of parts which may be applied to an existing ATM will now be described with reference to
The assembly is denoted as an anti-cash trapping kit which may be applied to an existing ATM without requiring modification of existing ATM control circuitry and is illustrative of one way of implementing the present invention. Other embodiments may be implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of
The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computer program product at any possible technical detail level of integration. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present invention.
The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can retain and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of the computer readable storage medium includes the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such as punch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructions recorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construed as being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses passing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through a wire.
Computer readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computer readable storage medium or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprise copper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer readable program instructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium within the respective computing/processing device.
Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations of the present invention may be assembler instructions, instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, configuration data for integrated circuitry, or either source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++, or the like, and procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The computer readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example, programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or programmable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readable program instructions by utilizing state information of the computer readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry, in order to perform aspects of the present invention.
Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer readable program instructions.
These computer readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can direct a computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises an article of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects of the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computer implemented process, such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
A computer program product of the present invention comprises one or more computer readable hardware storage devices having computer readable program code stored therein, said program code executable by control circuitry of a cash capture operation defeating assembly to implement the methods of the present invention (e.g., a method for detecting insertion of a cash capture device into the presenter area of an automated teller machine).
The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others or ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
