Patent Application
20200236536
The present invention relates to a security establishment method for establishing security of a terminal device with a subscriber identity module mounted therein. The present invention also relates to the terminal device and a network device.
3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifies Long Term Evolution (LTE), and with the aim of further speeding, specifies LTE-Advanced (hereinbelow, the LTE includes the LTE-Advanced). Moreover, in the 3GPP, further, specification of a succeeding system of the LTE called 5G New Radio (NR) and the like is being considered.
In the LTE, to perform a mutual authentication between the subscriber (terminal device) and the telecommunications carrier (may be called a serving network), Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) is performed by using a subscriber identity (International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)) and a persistent key K (secret information) stored in a subscriber identity module (Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC)).
Moreover, whenever the AKA is performed, a key (CK, IK) used for encryption and integrity assurance is generated, and this key is handed from the subscriber identity module (UICC) to the terminal device (ME) (see Non-Patent Document 1).
Furthermore, to protect from privacy violation by tracing of the subscriber identity (IMSI), a mutual authentication is performed by using Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) that is a temporary subscriber identity based on the IMSI. When the subscriber (terminal device) performs roaming, the IMSI and the TMSI are mapped with each other in the roaming destination telecommunications carrier (may be called a roaming destination network).
In the NR, Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) is prescribed as the subscriber identity, and enhancement of privacy protection of the subscriber identity is being considered (e.g., see Non-Patent Document 2).
In the NR, in comparison with the generations until the LTE, it is expected that the telecommunications carriers who provide the service will be diversified. In such an environment, even when the terminal device performs roaming from a telecommunications carrier with which the subscriber has a contract to a mobile communications network (VPLMN) of other telecommunications carrier, it is necessary to protect privacy of the subscriber identity (SUPI).
However, the telecommunications carrier who provides the HPLMN may not completely trust the telecommunications carrier who provides the VPLMN. Therefore, the telecommunications carrier who provides the HPLMN does not simply provide the SUPI, but provides the SUPI to the telecommunications carrier who provides the VPLMN only after performing authentication between the subscriber and the telecommunications carrier who provides the HPLMN.
On the other hand, when a lawful interception (Lawful Interception (LI)) is required in the roaming destination network, the roaming destination network must ensure legitimacy of secret information, without each time verifying the SUPI of the subscriber for the LI with the PLMN (HPLMN) of the subscriber, between the subscriber and the telecommunications carrier who provides the VPLMN.
The present invention has been made in view of the above discussion. One object of the present invention is to provide a security establishment method, a terminal device, and a network device capable of, after establishing security between the terminal device and a serving network, safely and easily providing subscriber identity (SUPI) to a roaming destination network, and acquiring secret information between a subscriber who is attached to a correctly provided SUPI and a telecommunications carrier who provides VPLMN.
A security establishment method according to one aspect of the present invention is a security establishment method of establishing a security of a terminal device (terminal device 110), in which a subscriber identity module (UICC 200) used to recognize a subscriber has been mounted, by using secret information (key K) stored in the subscriber identity module and a pair of keys consisting of an encryption key (encryption key CK) and an integrity key (integrity key IK) generated based on the secret information. The security establishment method includes generating the pair of keys via a mutual authentication between the terminal device and a serving network (HPLMN 20); sharing (Steps S50 and S100) in which the terminal device and the serving network share a first temporary key (KASME) by using the pair of keys generated at the generating; generating (Step S140) in which the terminal device generates a second temporary key (KSEAF) by using the first temporary key and a subscriber identity (SUPI) used to recognize the subscriber in the serving network; and generating (Step S150) in which a roaming destination network (VPLMN 30) of the terminal device generates the second temporary key by using the first temporary key, which is notified from the serving network, and the subscriber identity.
A terminal device according to another aspect of the present invention is a terminal device in which a subscriber identity module used to recognize a subscriber can be mounted. The terminal device includes a first key generating unit (KASME generating unit 130) that generates a first temporary key by using a pair of keys consisting of an encryption key and an integrity key generated based on secret information stored in the subscriber identity module; and a second key generating unit (KSEAF generating unit 140) that generates a second temporary key by using the first temporary key and a subscriber identity used to recognize the subscriber in a serving network.
A network device according to still another aspect of the present invention is a network device (SEAF 50) capable of performing communication with a terminal device in which a subscriber identity module used to recognize a subscriber can be mounted. The network device includes a first key generating unit that generates a first temporary key by using a pair of keys consisting of an encryption key and an integrity key generated based on secret information stored in the subscriber identity module; and a second key generating unit that generates a second temporary key by using the first temporary key and a subscriber identity used to recognize the subscriber in a serving network.
Exemplary embodiments are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, structural elements having the same or similar functions or same or similar configuration are indicated by the same or similar reference numerals and the explanation thereof is appropriately omitted.
A user device (user equipment) 100 (hereinafter, “UE 100”) has access to the HPLMN 20 and the VPLMN 30. The UE 100 performs radio communication with a radio base station (not-shown gNB) included in the HPLMN 20 and a radio base station (not-shown gNB) included in the VPLMN 30.
The UE 100 can include Universal Integrated Circuit Card 200 (hereinafter, “UICC 200”).
The UICC 200 stores therein information such as content of the contract made with the telecommunications carrier who provides the HPLMN 20. Specifically, the UICC 200 stores therein a key K (secret information) that is a persistent key, a subscriber identity (Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI)) for recognizing the subscriber, and the like.
The HPLMN 20 is provided with Authentication Server Function/Authentication Credential Repository and Processing Function 40 (hereinafter, “AUSF/ARPF 40”). The VPLMN 30 is provided with SEcurity Anchor Function (hereinafter, “SEAF 50”).
The AUSF/ARPF 40 and the SEAF 50, based on a request from the UE 100 that performed the roaming to the VPLMN 30, perform an authentication processing of the UE 100 between the AUSF/ARPF 40 and the SEAF 50. Note that, in the present embodiment, the SEAF 50 constitutes a network device that performs communication with the UE 100 (specifically, the later-explained terminal device 110).
A functional block configuration of the radio communication system 10 is explained below. Specifically, a functional block configuration of the UE 100 is explained.
As shown in
The terminal device 110 includes, as functional units, a radio communication unit 120, KASME generating unit 130, KSEAF generating unit 140, and a security processing unit 150. Note that, the SEAF 50 (network device) includes similar functions as the KASME generating unit 130 and the KSEAF generating unit 140.
The radio communication unit 120 performs radio communication in accordance with NR system. Specifically, the radio communication unit 120 transmits and receives radio signals to and from the radio base station (gNB) in accordance with the NR system. User data or control data are multiplexed in the radio signal.
The KASME generating unit 130 generates KASME (first temporary key) that is a temporary key that cannot be used permanently. Note that, ASME is abbreviation of Access Security Management Entity.
Specifically, the KASME generating unit 130 generates the KASME by using a pair of keys, consisting of an encryption key CK and an integrity key IK, generated based on the key K stored in the UICC 200.
The terminal device 110 (ME) uses a key generation function based on an identifier (SNID) of the serving network to generate the KASME from the encryption key CK and the integrity key IK. Such a method of generating the KASME is similar to the method of generating KASME in the LTE system (see TS 33.401 Chapter 6.1.1).
The KSEAF generating unit 140 generates KSEAF (second temporary key) that is a temporary key like the KASME. Specifically, the KSEAF generating unit 140 generates the KSEAF by using the KASME and the subscriber identity, that is, the SUPI used to recognize a subscriber in the serving network.
As shown in
Moreover, as shown in
The security processing unit 150 performs security processing with the network (HPLMN 20 or VPLMN 30) by using the above-mentioned keys and the like. That is, the security processing unit 150 establishes the security between the terminal device 110 and the network by using the key K and the pair of keys consisting of the encryption key CK and the integrity key IK.
Specifically, the security processing unit 150 encrypts the SUPI and generates Subscription Concealed Identifier (SUCI). The security processing unit 150 transmits N1 message containing the SUCI (encryption identifier) to the network.
Furthermore, the security processing unit 150 performs acts such as transmitting an authentication request (Authentication Request) to the network and receiving an authentication response (Authentication Response) transmitted from the network.
An operation of the radio communication system 10 is explained below. Specifically, an authentication procedure of the subscriber identity (SUPI) when the UE 100 performs roaming to the VPLMN 30 is explained.
As shown in
The terminal device 110 encrypts the SUPI by using the PubK and generates the SUCI (Step S20). Moreover, the terminal device 110 transmits to the SEAF 50 in the VPLMN 30 the N1 message containing the generated SUCI (Step S30).
The SEAF 50 transmits to the AUSF/ARPF 40 in the HPLMN 20 an authentication information request (Authentication Information Request) containing the received SUCI (Step S40).
The AUSF/ARPF 40 inputs the encryption key CK, the integrity key IK, a sequence number (SQN), Anonymity Key (AK), and the identifier (SNID) of the serving network into the Key Derivation Function (KDF) and generates the KASME (Step S50). Note that, in
The AUSF/ARPF 40 transmits to the SEAF 50 the KASME, the SQN, a random number (RAND), Expected Response (HXRES), an authentication information response (Authentication Information Response) containing an authentication token (AUTN) and the SUPI (Step S60).
The SEAF 50 transmits to the terminal device 110 an authentication request (Authentication Request) including the SQN, the RAND, and the AUTN (Step S70).
The terminal device 110 transmits to the UICC 200 the SQN, the RAND, and the AUTN contained in the authentication request (Step S80).
Based on the received SQN, RAND, and AUTN, the UICC 200 performs the AKA and transmits the encryption key CK, the integrity key IK, and Response (RES) to the terminal device 110 (Step S90).
The terminal device 110 inputs the encryption key CK, the integrity key IK, the SQN, the AK, and the SNID into the KDF and generates the KASME (Step S100).
In this manner, the pair of keys (the encryption key CK and the integrity key IK) is generated via the mutual authentication between the terminal device 110 and the serving network (HPLMN 20), and the terminal device 110 and the serving network share the KASME (first temporary key) by using the generated pair of keys.
The terminal device 110 transmits to the SEAF 50 the authentication response (Authentication Response) in response to the authentication request (Step S110). The authentication response includes the RES received from the UICC 200.
The SEAF 50 confirms whether the HXRES matches with the RES received from the terminal device 110 (Step S120). When the HXRES matches with the RES, the SEAF 50 transmits to the AUSF/ARPF 40 an authentication confirmation (Authentication Confirmation) containing the RES (Step S130).
Then, the terminal device 110 inputs the KASME and the SUPI into the KDF and generates the KSEAF (Step S140). Similarly, the SEAF 50 inputs the KASME and the SUPI into the KDF and generates the KSEAF (Step S150). Note that, in
In this manner, the terminal device 110 generates the KSEAF by using the KASME and the SUPI used to recognize the subscriber in the serving network (HPLMN 20). Moreover, the roaming destination network (specifically, the SEAF 50) of the terminal device 110 generates the KSEAF by using the KASME and the SUPI notified thereto from the serving network. Accordingly, the roaming destination network can share the KSEAF with the terminal device 110.
Moreover, only when succeeding in the authentication between the terminal device 110 and the serving network, the roaming destination network acquires the SUPI, and acquires the KSEAF from the acquired SUPI.
Note that, the SEAF 50 can acquire the SUPI from the SUCI acquired at Step S30. In this manner, prior to sharing the KSEAF, the terminal device 110 provides the SUCI (encryption identifier), which is the encrypted SUPI, to the roaming destination network (SEAF 50).
With the present embodiment, the following effects and advantages can be obtained. Specifically, in the present embodiment, each of the terminal device 110 and the VPLMN 30 generates the KSEAF by using the KASME and the SUPI. Therefore, the VPLMN 30 (SEAF 50) can safely acquire the KSEAF by using only the SUPI of the UE 100 (subscriber) for which the mutual authentication was successful.
That is, the HPLMN 20 (AUSF/ARPF 40) need not provide the same SUPI to the VPLMN 30 until the authentication with the subscriber succeeds. Thus, while maintaining the privacy protection of the subscriber, it is possible to achieve a very high level of security for the secret information between the KSEAF attached to the correctly provided SUPI and the telecommunications carrier who provides the VPLMN.
That is, in the present embodiment, after having established the security between the terminal device 110 and the HPLMN 20, the SUPI of the subscriber can be safely and easily provided to the VPLMN 30.
In the present embodiment, the terminal device 110 and the VPLMN 30 share the KSEAF, and the VPLMN 30 can acquire the KSEAF from the SUPI of the correct subscriber without checking with the HPLMN 20. Therefore, when lawful interception (Lawful Interception (LI)) is required to be performed in the VPLMN 30, the LI of the subscriber can be performed safely and easily in the VPLMN 30.
In the present embodiment, the terminal device 110 provides the SUCI, which is the encrypted SUPI, to the VPLMN (SEAF 50) prior to sharing the KSEAF with the VPLMN 30. Therefore, only upon succeeding in the authentication between the subscriber and the HVPLMN, the VPLMN 30 can acquire the SUPI from the SUCI and share with the terminal device 110 the KSEAF attached to this SUPI. Accordingly, the VPLMN 30 can safely and easily acquire the KSEAF attached to the SUPI of the subscriber.
The present invention has been explained in detail by using the above mentioned embodiments; however, it is self-evident to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments explained herein and that the embodiments can be modified or improved in various ways.
For example, an embodiment in which the KSEAF is shared between the HPLMN 20 and the VPLMN 30 is explained above; however, such sharing of the KSEAF is not necessarily limited to the HPLMN and the VPLMN. It is sufficient that the HPLMN 20 is a network (serving network) with which the subscriber of the UE 100 has a contract and the VPLMN 30 is a network (roaming destination network) with which the subscriber does not have a direct contract, that is, a network that does not have the SUPI that is allocated by the telecommunications carrier.
Moreover, the block diagram used for explaining the embodiments (
Furthermore, the UE 100 (terminal device 110) explained above can function as a computer that performs the processing of the present invention.
The functional blocks of the UE 100 (see
The processor 1001, for example, operates an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 can be configured with a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with a peripheral device, a control device, a computing device, a register, and the like.
The memory 1002 is a computer readable recording medium and is configured, for example, with at least one of ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like. The memory 1002 can be called register, cache, main memory (main memory), and the like. The memory 1002 can store therein a computer program (computer program codes), software modules, and the like that can execute the method according to the above embodiments.
The storage 1003 is a computer readable recording medium. Examples of the storage 1003 include an optical disk such as CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (for example, a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (Registered Trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (for example, a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (Registered Trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, and the like. The storage 1003 can be called an auxiliary storage device. The recording medium can be, for example, a database including the memory 1002 and/or the storage 1003, a server, or other appropriate medium.
The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission/reception device) capable of performing communication between computers via a wired and/or wireless network. The communication device 1004 is also called, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, and the like.
The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, and the like) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, and the like) that outputs data to the outside. Note that, the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated (for example, a touch screen).
In addition, the respective devices, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, are connected to each other with the bus 1007 for communicating information there among. The bus 1007 can be constituted by a single bus or can be constituted by separate buses between the devices.
In addition, the manner of notification of information is not limited to the one explained in the embodiments, and the notification may be performed in other manner. For example, the notification of information can be performed by physical layer signaling (for example, DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling, notification information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals, or a combination thereof. In addition, the RRC signaling can be called an RRC message, and the RRC signaling can be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, and the like.
Furthermore, the input/output information can be stored in a specific location (for example, a memory) or can be managed in a management table. The information to be input/output can be overwritten, updated, or added. The information can be deleted after outputting. The inputted information can be transmitted to another device.
The order of the sequences, flowcharts, and the like in the embodiments can be rearranged unless there is a contradiction.
Moreover, in the embodiments explained above, the specific operations performed by the AUSF/ARPF 40 or the SEAF 50 can be performed by another network node (device). Moreover, functions of the AUSF/ARPF 40 or the SEAF 50 can be provided by combining a plurality of other network nodes.
Moreover, the terms used in this specification and/or the terms necessary for understanding the present specification can be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel and/or a symbol can be replaced with a signal (signal) if that is stated. Also, the signal can be replaced with a message. Moreover, the terms “system” and “network” can be used interchangeably.
Furthermore, the used parameter and the like can be represented by an absolute value, can be expressed as a relative value from a predetermined value, or can be represented by corresponding other information. For example, the radio resource can be indicated by an index.
The gNB (base station) can accommodate one or more (for example, three) cells (also called sectors). In a configuration in which the base station accommodates a plurality of cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into a plurality of smaller areas. In each such a smaller area, communication service can be provided by abase station subsystem (for example, a small base station for indoor use RRH: Remote Radio Head).
The term “cell” or “sector” refers to a part or all of the coverage area of a base station and/or a base station subsystem that performs communication service in this coverage. In addition, the terms “base station” “eNB”, “cell”, and “sector” can be used interchangeably in the present specification. The base station can also be referred to as a fixed station, NodeB, eNodeB (eNB), gNodeB (gNB), an access point, a femtocell, a small cell, and the like.
The UE 100 is called by the persons skilled in the art as a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a radio unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a radio device, a radio communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a radio terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or with some other suitable term.
As used herein, the phrase “based on” does not mean “based only on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase “based on” means both “based only on” and “based at least on”.
Furthermore, the terms “including”, “comprising”, and variants thereof are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to “having”. Furthermore, the term “or” used in the specification or claims is intended not to be an exclusive disjunction.
Any reference to an element using a designation such as “first”, “second”, and the like used in the present specification generally does not limit the amount or order of those elements. Such designations can be used in the present specification as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Thus, the reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements can be adopted, or that the first element must precede the second element in some or the other manner.
Throughout the present specification, for example, during translation, if articles such as a, an, and the in English are added, these articles shall include plurality, unless it is clearly indicated that it is not so according to the context.
As described above, the details of the present invention have been disclosed by using the embodiments of the present invention. However, the description and drawings which constitute part of this disclosure should not be interpreted so as to limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples, and operation techniques will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-191907 | Sep 2017 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/036226 | 9/28/2018 | WO | 00 |
