Patent Application
20230148469
The present disclosure relates to an agricultural planter, and in particular, to a seeding row unit for an agricultural planter.
An agricultural planter such as a row crop planter places seeds in the ground at a desired depth within a trench formed in soil. Some agricultural planters are capable of depositing fertilizer at the same time as seeding. The row crop planter is typically pulled by a tractor, or other work vehicle, and includes a plurality of seeding row units, that are aligned side by side to form on a common frame a multi-row crop planter. The row units of the multi-row crop planter are aligned substantially parallel to the travel direction of the tractor when being pulled through a field.
Each seeding row unit includes a depth adjustment mechanism to set the depth at which the seeds are planted. The depth at which seed should be planted is frequently a function of seed type, and other environmental conditions, such as soil composition, moisture levels, weather predictions, and the soil property in which the seed is being placed. Seed depth is set by a manual adjustment of a depth adjustment mechanism, such as a handle, on each seeding row unit. Due to the large number of seeding row units, an adjustment for all seeding row units on a large multi-row crop planter is very time consuming. In this type of planter, each actuating mechanism for each seeding row unit, that raises and lowers the seeding row unit to change the depth at which the seed is planted, is idle until a next instance of raising or lowering is required. Another essential requirement for adjacently located seeding row units is to simultaneously be able to raise all of the seeding row units out of the ground, for times such as transporting the planter, crossing a wet or muddy patch in field, or crossing some barrier. Such multi-row crop planters have rockshafts that raise or lower the row units simultaneously which requires that entire frame of the multi-row crop planter is lifted to disengage the seeding row units from the soil. In other embodiments, the entire machine is raised and lowered which raises and lowers the row units simultaneously. In further embodiments, row units raised by a combination of such raising and lowering features are contemplated.
Even though the depth adjustment mechanism is used infrequently, the depth adjustment mechanism and its supporting apparatus adds cost to each of the seeding row units. What is needed therefore is a seeding row unit having a mechanism which is capable of varying the trench depth and also which lifts the seeding row unit off the ground with a common actuator.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a row unit for depositing seeds in a furrow formed in soil includes a seed deposit assembly including a gage wheel and a disk, the gage wheel configured to contact a top surface of the soil and the disk configured to cut the furrow in the soil for receiving the deposited seeds; a multi-bar linkage assembly operatively connected to the seed deposit assembly; and a primary actuator operatively connected to the multi-bar linkage assembly, the primary actuator being controllably actuated between a retracted position and an extended position; wherein, the primary actuator raises and lowers the seed deposit assembly relative to the soil and moves the disk into the soil to cut the furrow at a depth determined by the primary actuator and the gage wheel.
In one example of this embodiment, the multi-bar linkage assembly comprises a four bar linkage. In a second example, the multi-bar linkage assembly comprises a main arm and a raise/lower link, the raise/lower link operatively coupled to the main arm and the primary actuator, and further wherein the primary actuator moves the raise/lower link with respect to the main arm to adjust the depth of the furrow. In a third example, a downforce actuator may be operatively coupled to the main arm, wherein the downforce actuator includes a resilient structure that follows the top surface of the soil such that the disk cuts the furrow at a relatively consistent depth. In a fourth example, a depth adjust link may be coupled to the main arm and operatively connected to the raise/lower link, wherein actuation of the primary actuator pivots the raise/lower link about a pivot shared between the raise/lower link and the main arm to move the depth adjust link to adjust the depth of the furrow.
In a fifth example, a connecting rod may be coupled between the depth adjust link and the raise/lower link; wherein, movement of the raise/lower link operatively moves the connecting rod for adjusting the position of the depth adjust link. In a sixth example, the raise/lower link comprises a limiting device, the limiting device being movable into contact with the main link during actuation of the primary actuator to raise the seed deposit assembly from the soil. In a seventh example, a limit arm is operatively connected to one or both of the raise/lower link and the main arm, wherein the raise/lower link includes a slotted portion and the limit arm engages the slotted portion to define a limit to movement between the raise/lower portion and the main arm.
In an eighth example, actuation of the primary actuator moves the limit arm to one end of the slotted portion, and further actuation of the primary actuator, when the limit arm is at the one end of the slotted portion, moves the disk to a deeper location in the soil before raising the disk from the soil. In a ninth example, the row unit may include a push arm and a depth adjust linkage, wherein the raise/lower link includes a slotted portion and the depth adjust linkage engages the slotted portion to define a limit to movement between the raise/lower arm and the main arm. In a further example, actuation of the primary actuator moves a linkage limit arm of the depth adjust linkage to one end of the slotted portion, and further actuation of the primary actuator, when the linkage limit arm is at the one end of the slotted portion, raises from a furrow without initially moving the disk further into the soil.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a row unit for depositing seeds in a furrow formed in soil includes a seed deposit assembly including a gaging member and a cutting member, the gaging member configured to contact a top surface of the soil and the cutting member configured to cut the furrow in the soil for receiving the deposited seeds; a linkage assembly operatively connected to the seed deposit assembly; and a primary actuator operatively connected to the linkage assembly; wherein, the primary actuator is operably controlled to raise and lower the seed deposit assembly relative to the soil and adjustably control a depth at which the cutting member is located in the soil.
In one example of this embodiment, the linkage assembly comprises a multi-bar linkage. In a second example, the linkage assembly comprises a first link and a second link, the first link being operatively coupled between the second link and the primary actuator, wherein actuation of the primary actuator moves the first link to adjust the depth of the furrow. In a third example, a downforce actuator includes a resilient structure that follows the top surface of the soil such that the disk cuts the furrow at a relatively consistent depth. In a fourth example, a third link may be coupled to the second link and operatively connected to the first link, wherein actuation of the primary actuator pivots the first link relative to the second link to move the third link for controlling the depth at which the cutting member is located in the soil.
In a fifth example, the row unit may include a fourth link coupled between the first and third links, wherein, movement of the first link operatively moves the fourth link for adjusting the position of the third link. In a sixth example, the first link comprises a limiting device, the limiting device being movable into contact with the second link during actuation of the primary actuator to raise the seed deposit assembly from the soil. In a seventh example, a limit arm may be operatively connected to one or both of the raise/lower link and the main arm, wherein the raise/lower link includes a slotted portion and the limit arm engages the slotted portion to define a limit to movement between the raise/lower portion and the main arm. In an eighth example of this embodiment, actuation of the primary actuator moves the limit arm to one end of the slotted portion, and further actuation of the primary actuator, when the limit arm is at the one end of the slotted portion, moves the disk to a deeper location in the soil before raising the disk from the soil.
In a further embodiment of the present disclosure, a row unit for planting seed in soil includes a seed deposit assembly comprising a cutting member configured to form a furrow in the soil; a linkage assembly operatively connected to the seed deposit assembly; and an actuator operatively connected to the linkage assembly, where the actuator adjustably controls a distance between the seed deposit assembly and the soil and a depth at which the cutting member is located in the soil.
In one example of this embodiment, the linkage assembly may include a plurality of links operatively coupled between the actuator and the seed deposit assembly, the plurality of links including a first link rotatably coupled to the cutting member. In another example, the seed deposit assembly may include a gaging member configured to be moved into contact with a top surface of the soil. In yet another example, the cutting member comprises a first axle and the gaging member comprises a second axle, wherein a distance between the first axle and second axle controls the depth at which the cutting member is located in the soil. In a further example, the first link is operably coupled to the first axle for rotating the cutting member. In yet a further example, as the first axle is rotated, the distance between the first axle and second axle changes and the depth at which the cutting member is located in the soil is adjusted.
The above-mentioned aspects of the present disclosure and the manner of obtaining them will become more apparent and the disclosure itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of the embodiments of the disclosure, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Corresponding reference numerals are used to indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.
The embodiments of the present disclosure described below are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise forms in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may appreciate and understand the principles and practices of the present disclosure.
Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to
Seeder 10 may include a number of row units 14, with each row unit 14 being substantially identically configured, in at least one embodiment. Each row unit 14 is configured to deposit seeds of varying sizes in respective furrows 18, not all of which are identified, in the soil for raising crops. In some embodiments, two or more of the row units 14 are configured to deposit seeds of different sizes. Typically, however, the size of the seeds being deposited is the same for each row unit 14. In other embodiments, seeds of different sizes may be deposited side by side in adjacent rows at different planting depths depending on the size of the seed.
A plurality of seed bins 20 may be operatively connected to each of the row units 14 and are configured to hold seeds for planting. In other embodiments, a single seed bin is used to supply seeds to all row units 14. In operation, each seed bin 20 may hold the same type of seeds or different types of seeds, which may be directed to each of the row units 14 as necessary. A tool bar 22 extends to and is coupled to each of the row units 14 to maintain a predetermined spacing between furrows 18. In some embodiments, a rockshaft may be located over or above the tool bar 22. In some embodiments, the spacing between row units is adjustable to provide for crops of different types that require spacing between furrows based on the type of seed.
As shown, the primary actuator 24 may include an actuator arm 38 that is movable relative to a cylinder 40 or housing. The movement of the actuator arm 38 relative to the cylinder 40 may adjust a cutting depth of the row unit. In some embodiments, once the actuator arm 38 reaches a maximum depth, further retraction of the actuator arm 38, as shown in
In operation, the primary actuator 24 moves a seed deposit assembly 25, which includes the disk 26, the gage wheel 27, a press wheel 28, and a closing wheel 23, the functions of which are known by those of skill in the art. By collapsing and expanding a closed chain linkage 29. e.g., a multi-bar or bar linkage 29, with respect to or via the primary actuator 24, the seed deposit assembly 25 cuts a furrow and deposits seeds in the cut furrow with a seed deposit chute 30, as is also understood by those skilled in the art. The linkage 29 may be operatively connected to a mounting bracket 31 that is attached to a main frame (not shown) of the seeder 10. For example, the primary actuator 24 may be coupled to the mounting bracket 31 at a first portion or end 32 of the bracket 31. In some embodiments, the primary actuator 24 is coupled to the first portion or end 32 of the mounting bracket 31 at a pivot point. A second portion or end 34 of the mounting bracket 31 may be pivotally coupled to a raise/lower link 36 of the linkage 29. In some embodiments, the linkage 29 may include the raise/lower link 36, a main arm 42, a connecting rod 60, and a depth adjust link 66. The raise/lower link 36 raises and lowers the seed deposit assembly 25 as well as adjusts the depth of the disk 26. The raise/lower link 36 may also be pivotally coupled to the actuator arm 38 of the primary actuator 24 at a pivot location 39. In one embodiment, the raise/lower link 36 is one bar of a four bar linkage that is used by the linkage 29 to set the depth of the furrow and to raise and lower the seed deposit assembly 25.
The main arm 42 may be rotatably coupled to the mounting bracket 31 as well as the raise/lower link 36 at a pivot location 44. The pivot location 44 may be offset from a portion 46, e.g. end 46, of the raise/lower link 36.
The depth adjust link 66 rotates the disk axle 33. As it does, a contact surface 41 of the gage wheel 27, which is configured to contact the soil, changes its location or moves with respect to a cutting surface 43 of the disk 26. The depth adjust link 66 rotates the axle 33, and the axle 33, which is coupled, e.g., fixedly coupled, to the arm 35, holds the gauge wheel axis 37 offset with respect to the disk 26. Therefore, rotation of the axle 33 by the link 66 changes the position of the gauge wheel axis 37 with respect to the axle 33. Consequently, the contact surface 41 of the gage wheel 27, which is in contact with the soil, determines the depth at which the cutting surface 43 of the disk 26 is placed in the soil. The depth of the furrow is therefore determined by how far the disk 26 penetrates the soil. The disk 26 may be forced into the soil by a downforce actuator 52, as shown in
The mounting bracket 31 may include a flange 50 that is pivotally connected to and supports one end or portion of the downforce actuator 52. A second end or portion of the downforce actuator 52 is pivotally coupled to a flange 54 extending from the main arm 42. The downforce actuator 52 is an actuator that applies a force directed away from the mounting bracket 31 to the main arm 42. This applied force moves the main arm 42 in a downward direction toward the soil such that the seed deposit assembly 25 engages the soil upon sufficient extension of the actuator arm 38. The main arm 42, coupled to the downforce actuator 52, forces the disk 26 into the ground until the gage wheel 27 engages the ground which limits any further penetration into the soil.
In other embodiments, the downforce actuator 52 may include a hydraulic cylinder, a spring, or a pneumatic actuator. The downforce actuator 52 may include a predetermined resilient structure configured to adjust to changes in the level of the top surface of the soil. The resilient structure may include a portion of the gage wheel 27 such as, but not limited to, its contact surface 41. Alternatively, the resilient structure may include a portion or surface on a gaging device, ski or skid pad. In this way, the disk 26, and therefore the seed deposit assembly 25, overcome the problem in which undulations in the field would necessarily cause variations in the furrow depth. Now, the linkage 29, e.g., the multi-bar or four-bar linkage, and the offset axes of the disk 26 and gage wheel 27 cut the furrow at substantially the same depth as the elevation of the top surface changes. The gage wheel 27, moving or following along the top surface of the ground “gages” the proper depth, according to the setting at which it is set, which is based on a position of the linkage 29, e.g., multi-bar or four bar linkage, including arms or links 36, 42, 60, and 66. As result of sufficient downforce provided by the downforce actuator 52, the depth of the furrow remains relatively consistent as the row unit 14 travels along the field even when the surface of the soil is uneven, contoured, or rolling. Since each row unit 14 includes its own downforce actuator 52, which applies a bias against the ground surface, furrow depth remains consistent side to side, i.e., from row to row, as well as along the length of the row.
The connecting rod or link 60 may include a first end or portion 62 pivotally connected to the raise/lower link 36 and a second end or portion 64 pivotally connected to the depth adjust link 66. The depth adjust link 66 extends between the connecting rod 60 and the main arm 42. In the illustrated embodiment of
In the linkage 29 of
As shown in
The first end or portion 62 of connecting rod 60 may be rotatably connected to the spacer pin 74 and the second end or portion 64 may be rotatably connected to the depth adjust link 66. As the actuator arm 38 of the primary actuator 24 extends, the arm 35 rotates towards the surface of the soil thereby causing the disk 26 to move upward with respect to a top surface of the soil. Further extension of the arm 38 reduces the depth at which the furrow is cut.
A depth 88, as shown in
As shown in
As described, the actuator arm 38 has a movement between various positions that results in different positioning of the seed deposit assembly 25 with respect to the soil. Between a fully extended position and a partially retracted position, the actuator arm 38 of the primary actuator 24 adjusts the depth at which the disk 26 penetrates the soil. At the partially retracted position, the disk 26 may be disposed at a maximum depth. However, upon further retraction of the actuator arm 38 from the partially retracted position to a fully retracted position, the seed deposit assembly 25, including the disk 26, is raised from the soil so that the row unit 14 may be configured in a transport configuration rather than a work or seeding configuration. The work or seeding configuration of the row unit 14 is shown in
In one embodiment, one of the links, i.e., the raise lower link 36, of a parallelogram linkage 29 may include the limiter pin/stop 48 which engages with an adjacent link, i.e., the main arm 42, of the parallelogram linkage 29 at a certain parallelogram configuration, hence locking the parallelogram linkage 29. Any input or movement of the actuator 24, once the parallelogram locks, results in raising and lowering of entire row unit 14 as seen in
The raise/lower arm 106 may include a slotted portion 112 that includes a slot 114 which is generally curved, such as in an arc-like shape. In this embodiment, a limit arm 116 extends from the pivot 110 and includes an extension 117, such as a pin, that extends into the slot 114. The limit arm 116 may be fixed in position with the main arm 108 such that movement of the main arm 108 with the raise/lower arm 106 causes the extension of limit arm 116 to move from one end 120 of the slot 114, through the slot 114, to another end 122 thereof. Each of the ends 120 and 122 of the slot may limit further movement of the limit arm 116 and consequently further rotation of the main arm 108 with respect to the raise/lower arm 106.
A mounting bracket 124, in one embodiment, is located at or coupled to the main arm 108 at or near the pivot 110. The mounting bracket 124 may be fixed to the frame at the tool bar 22 (not shown), or to other locations such that the main arm 108 and the limit arm 116 each move with respect to the fixed location of the mounting bracket 124. A flange 126 may extend from and is coupled, e.g., fixed, to the main arm 108. A downforce actuator 128 may extend from the mounting bracket 124 to the flange 126 and apply a downforce to the seed deposit assembly 25 to cut a furrow 88 in the soil.
In this embodiment, when the actuator arm 102 is fully extended from the housing 104, the depth of a furrow 88 cut the by disk 26 is the shallowest. During this extension, the limit arm 116 is moved toward the second end 122 of the slot 114. As the arm 102 is retracted into the housing 104, the depth of the furrow becomes greater until the furrow 88 is at its greatest depth just before any additional or further retraction of the actuator arm 102 moves the extension 117 towards or into contact with the first end 120 of the slot 114. Upon contact of the extension 117 with the first end 120 of the slot 114, further retraction of the actuator arm 102 into the housing 104 raises the disk 126 from the bottom of the furrow 88 such that the disk 126 (and seed deposit assembly 25) is completely removed from the soil.
The raise lower link 106 may include the slotted portion 112 having the slot 114, which is similar to the embodiment of
The linkage 130 includes the linkage limit arm 134, and a first leg 136 connected, e.g., fixedly connected, to a second leg 138. The first leg 136 is coupled, e.g., fixed, to the second leg 138 at a point 140 such that the position of the first leg 136 relative to the second leg 138 remains at a predetermined angle of about 90 degrees, as illustrated. Other angles therebetween, however, may be possible in alternative embodiments including, but not limited to less than 90 degrees or more than 90 degrees. The point 140 may be rotatably coupled to a frame or other supporting structure such that the first let 136 and second leg 138 rotate about the point 140. The linkage limit arm 134 may be rotatably coupled to the second leg 138 at a pivot 142, e.g. pivot location. The push arm 132 may be slidingly engaged to the first arm 136 at the pin 144. As the push arm 132 moves in response to the extension and retraction of the actuator arm 102, a pin 146 located at one end or portion of the linkage limit arm 134 moves along the slot 114 from one end 120 of the slot 114 to another end 122.
In the configuration of
Referring to
In some embodiments, seeds of different types are deposited simultaneously along one or more rows and furrows of different depths are formed depending on the seed type. In this embodiment, each of the primary actuators 40, 104 are individually controllable to cause seed deposit assemblies 25 to cut furrows of different depths. In other embodiments, two or more actuators 40, 104 may be actuated independently but simultaneously. Furrow depths can be determined based on seed type, as well as by soil and/or environmental conditions.
To achieve the desired furrow depth, the controller 152, in one or more embodiments, includes a computer, computer system, or other programmable devices. In these and other embodiments, the controller 152 includes one or more of the processors 162 (e.g., microprocessors). An associated memory 164 can be internal or external to the processor(s) 162. The memory 164 includes, in different embodiments, random access memory (RAM) devices comprising the memory storage of the controller 152, as well as any other types of memory, e.g., cache memories, non-volatile or backup memories, programmable memories, or flash memories, and read-only memories. In addition, the memory 164 can include a memory storage physically located elsewhere from the processing devices, and can include any cache memory in a processing device, as well as any storage capacity used as a virtual memory, e.g., as stored on a mass storage device or another computer coupled to controller 152. The mass storage device can include a cache or other dataspace which can include databases.
Memory storage, in other embodiments, may be located in a cloud system, also known as the “cloud”, where the memory is located in the “cloud” at a remote location from the work machine or implement to provide the stored information wirelessly to the controller 152 through an antenna operatively connected to a transceiver (not shown), which is operatively connected to the controller 152. When referring to the controller 152, the processor 162, and the memory 164, other known types of controllers, processors, and memory are contemplated in this disclosure.
In one embodiment, the controller 152 executes or otherwise relies upon computer software applications, components, programs, objects, modules, or data structures, etc. Software routines resident in the included memory 162 of the controller 152, or other memory, are executed in response to the signals received from the position sensor(s) 160, each of which provides a signal to the controller 152.
A machine monitor 166, in different embodiments, is included to monitor the operating conditions of the tractor 12 as well as the seeder 10. For instance, the flow rate of seeds delivered from the seed bins 20 is determined. In different embodiments, other conditions of the machine, such as tractor speed, are monitored to determine the spacing of seed being deposited.
A telematics unit 168, such as a global positioning system (GPS) unit is operatively connected to the controller 152 and, in different embodiments, transmits and receives information to and from the controller 152. In one embodiment, the information being transmitted is informational as to the quantity of seeds contained in the seed bins 20. In other embodiments, such as a remotely controlled seeder, the telematics unit receives control information, such as row unit depth from a remote control station.
While exemplary embodiments incorporating the principles of the present disclosure have been described hereinabove, the present disclosure is not limited to the described embodiments. Instead, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this disclosure pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.
