This application is the U.S. national stage of International Application No. PCT/CA2014/0500151, filed Jan. 10, 2014, which claims the priority of Canadian application No. 61751501, filed Jan. 11, 2013, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
The present technology generally relates to the field of hydrometallurgy and more particularly to capping board and contact bars for use in electrolytic cells.
In the hydrometallurgical industry, it is of common practice to refine metal by electrolysis in electrolytic cells especially designed for this purpose. The metals to be refined are usually conventional metals such as copper, zinc, nickel or cadmium, or precious metals such as silver, platinum or gold, and others.
It is also of common practice to use metal plates as anodes or cathodes or both. These metal plates often weight several hundred pounds. Usually, the metal to be refined, or the metal used to carry the electric current, is in the form of plates of a given thickness, which are provided at their upper end with two laterally extending projections, called hanging legs. Such projections facilitate gripping, handling and hanging of the plates on lateral sidewalls of the cells. These projections also serve to electrically contact or insulate the electrode.
In use, the electrode plates which, as mentioned, can each weigh several hundred pounds, are immersed into the cells in parallel relationship and are used as anodes, cathodes or both, depending on the affinity of the metal being refined.
In order to have the electrodes positioned in a precise desired location, it is of common practice to place a component called a “capping board” or a “bus bar insulator” onto the top surface of each lateral sidewall of the cells. These capping boards are used to position the plates with respect to each other. They are also used as electric insulators between adjacent cells and/or the electrodes and/or the ground.
In practice, the capping boards are used not only as supports to position the electrodes, but also as supports to avoid damage to the masonry, concrete or polymer-concrete forming the lateral side walls of the cells during the insertion and removal of the heaving electrodes. They are also used for electrolytic refining and electrowinning of metals. Capping boards are further used in combination with electrically conductive “contact bars”, the purpose of which is to allow electrical connection between the ends of the anodes and cathodes located in adjacent cells. Thus, the combined use of capping boards and contact bars allows both insulation and distribution of electric current.
To achieve proper electrical contact with the contact bar, the plates forming the electrodes are provided with support hanging legs externally projecting on their opposite upper ends. Only one end of the legs of each plate is in contact with a contact bar on one side of the cell where it is located. The other leg of the same plate is held onto the capping board located on the opposite side of the cell in such a way as to be insulated. Thus, the capping board per se plays the role of an insulator and is thus made of insulating material. The contact bar usually extends over the full length of the corresponding capping board in order to connect altogether all the anodes of one cell to all the cathodes of the adjacent cell and vice versa. The contact bar may interconnect all of the cathodes to the anodes on other adjacent cells or perform other electric connection function between electrodes as desired.
In hydrometallurgical refining of metals, there are two main configurations that may be used to support the electrodes: symmetrical configurations using symmetrical anodes and cathodes and asymmetrical configurations using asymmetrical anodes and cathodes. The capping boards and contact bars are provided depending on the type of electrodes to be used. Thus, different capping board and contact bar systems will be used for symmetrical and asymmetrical electrodes.
Additionally, capping boards may be designed to receive one or more contact bars arranged in a parallel relationship. For example, a capping board may be provided with a primary contact bar and a secondary contact which are supplied with two different electric power sources. The primary contact bar may contact anodes and the secondary contact bar may contact cathodes, or vice-versa. Electrolytic cells including three or more contact bars may also be used in electrolytic refinery of metals, such as described in patent documents U.S. Pat. No. 8,308,920, U.S. Pat. No. 6,342,136 and CA 1.201.681.
So far, it has been of common practice to use capping boards made as a one piece structure extending over the full length of the electrolytic cell. Disadvantages and problems with such capping boards may be related to manufacturing and transportation cost, lack of ease during maintenance or replacement, and waste of the whole capping board in case of local wear or damage.
There is indeed a need in the industry for a contact board, capping board and electrode support technology that would overcome at least some of the aforementioned disadvantages and challenges.
In some implementations, there is provided a capping board and contact bar assembly, comprising:
In some implementations, the projecting anchor elements of the capping board segments are located close to the joint interface.
In some implementations, the projecting anchor elements of the capping board segments are located from 1 to 20 centimeters away from the joint interface.
In some implementations, the projecting anchor elements of the capping board segments are located equidistant away from the joint interface.
In some implementations, each of the projecting anchor elements is generally parallelepiped shaped.
In some implementations, each of the projecting anchor elements comprises upper edges that are beveled.
In some implementations, each of the projecting anchor elements comprises lower edges that are beveled.
In some implementations, each of the retaining cavities has a corresponding shape with respect to the corresponding projecting anchor element engaged therewith.
In some implementations, the retaining cavities are of the same size and shape.
In some implementations, the projecting anchor elements are of the same size and shape.
In some implementations, the assembly further includes:
In some implementations, the contact bar comprises at least two contact bar sections and wherein each joint interface of adjacent capping board sections is spanned by the corresponding contact bar section with engagement and cooperation of corresponding projecting anchor elements and retaining cavities, to thereby hold each adjacent pair or capping board segments together by a corresponding contact bar section.
In some implementations, each capping board segment comprises a plurality of retaining pins extending upwardly from at least one side of the capping board segment, and wherein the assembly also comprises a pair of holding bars comprising a plurality of apertures spanning across the joint interface, the aperture being sized and shaped for engaging the retaining pins of the capping board, such that each holding bar also holds the two capping board segments together.
In some implementations, one of the two rows of protrusions is a first row of seats being sized and shaped to receive the hanging arms of the electrodes for insulation thereof, and wherein the other row of protrusions is a second row of protrusions being sized and shaped to provide lateral support to the contact bar.
In some implementations, each capping board segment comprises a dividing wall projecting upwardly from the central elongated channel for division thereof into a primary channel for receiving a primary contact bar, and a secondary channel for receiving a secondary contact bar.
In some implementations, there is provided an assembly comprising:
In some implementations, each engagement element is a projecting anchor element extending upwardly from the central channel.
In some implementations, each engagement member is a retaining cavity and is sized and configured to receive respective projecting anchor elements of the two adjacent capping board segments.
In some implementations, there is provided an assembly comprising:
In some implementations, each engagement mechanism comprises:
In some implementations, the contact bar comprises the projecting anchor elements and the capping board segments comprise the retaining cavities.
In some implementations, there is provided a method of holding together two adjacent capping board segments in end-to-end relation, comprising:
In some implementations, the method employs the contact bar and/or the capping board segments having one or more features as defined herein.
In some implementations, there is provided a method for refining metal in an electrolytic cell including using an assembly having one or more features as defined herein.
In some implementations, there is provided a use of the contact bar and the capping board segments having one or more features as defined herein, in an electrochemical cell for refining metal.
Embodiments of the capping board and contact bar assembly are represented in and will be further understood in connection with the following figures.
While aspects of the capping board and contact bar assembly will be described in conjunction with example embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to such embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included as defined by the present description. The objects, advantages and other features of the present invention will become more apparent and be better understood upon reading of the following non-restrictive description of the invention, given with reference to the accompanying figures.
The following is a list of elements and associated reference characters that appear in the Figures:
capping board 2
capping board segments 4
common joint interface 6
main elongated body 8
first row of seats 9a
second row of protrusions 9b
depression 10
central elongated channel 12
lateral channel 14
dividing wall 16
primary channel 18
secondary channel 20
projecting anchor element 22
primary contact bar 24
primary contact bar segment 25
cavity 26, 34
first set of depressions 28
second set of depressions 30
secondary contact bar 32
projection 36
spacing walls 38
pin 40
aperture 42
holding bar 44
To provide a solution to the above mentioned drawbacks, the capping boards of the electrolytic cell may be divided into at least two capping board segments which are, for example, more easily removed and replaced during maintenance operations. As the capping boards are segmented, some aspects of the present invention relate to solutions for holding the capping board segments together.
In one aspect, there is provided a capping board including at least two adjacent capping board segments.
Referring to
Still referring to
Still referring to
Each capping board segment 4 may further include a dividing wall 16 for dividing the central elongated channel into a primary channel 18 for receiving a primary contact bar and a secondary channel 20 for receiving a secondary contact bar. It should be understood that the primary channel and secondary channel may only be spaced apart from each other to ensure insulation between the primary and secondary contact bars, without the presence of an additional dividing wall.
It should be understood that the two opposed rows of seats and protrusions may be in a symmetrical relationship with each other as illustrated in the appended figures but they may alternatively be in a staggered/offset relationship with each other. Various configurations and spacings are possible depending, for example, on the type of electrolytic cell and the number and arrangement of contact bars to be used. It should also be understood that the protrusions may be seats identical to the first row.
For instance, it should be understood that the central elongated channel is not limited to include a primary channel and a secondary channel, and may include as many channels as needed according to the number of contact bars that are resting on the capping board. For example, the central elongated channel may be a single channel which is sized and shaped to receive one contact bar.
In some implementations, each capping board segment also includes at least one projecting anchor element cooperating with a contact bar, as will be further explained, to hold the capping board segments together. Referring to
It should be noted that a projecting anchor element may be a variety of protrusion, bump, pin, arm or analog thereof which is able to nest, engage or otherwise cooperate with a cavity, aperture or hole that may have a corresponding size and shape, in order to hold the capping board segments together.
In another aspect, there is provided at least one contact bar for holding two adjacent capping board segments together. As mentioned above, the central elongated channel of each capping board segment is sized and configured to receive at least one contact bar, for example a primary contact bar and a secondary contact bar for contact with respective hanging anodes and cathodes.
Referring to
It should also be noted that the capping board segments may be held together by various different types of engagement mechanisms that have structures integrated into the capping board segments and overlying contact bars. The engagement mechanisms may include male-female type constructions, such as the projecting anchor elements and retaining cavities that are described and illustrated in detail herein.
In another aspect, there is provided a capping board and contact bar assembly that includes at least one contact bar and at least two adjacent capping board segments.
Referring to
In an optional aspect, the at least one contact bar may include a plurality of contact bar segments. The contact bar segments may be sized and configured such that the central elongated channel of one capping board segment receives several contact bar segments. A single contact bar segment should be provided so as to span the common joint interface of a corresponding pair of adjacent capping board segments, with its retaining cavities engaged with respective projecting anchor elements on either side of the joint interface, to hold the capping board segments together. In this manner, each pair of capping board segments may be held together by a corresponding single contact bar segment, although in other scenarios a single contact bar segment may be used to hold together three or more capping board segments. In addition, some contact bar segments may be provided not spanning a joint interface and may or may not have cavities for cooperating with corresponding projecting anchor elements.
Referring to
In addition, referring to
Additionally, referring to
It should be understood that the capping board segments may include as many transverse walls as needed according to the number of contact bar segments resting on the central elongated channel.
It should further be understood, as illustrated in the Figures, that the secondary contact bar may also include a plurality of secondary contact bar segments which are insulated from one another by similar transverse walls.
In another optional aspect, each capping board segment may include two opposed rows of pins and two corresponding holding bars having apertures for receiving the pins.
Referring to
It should be understood that the capping board and contact bar assembly may include a single holding bar that hold the plurality of adjacent capping board segments together. Alternatively, the capping board and contact bar assembly may include a plurality of holding bars, each holding bar holding two adjacent capping board segments together.
In another optional aspect, the capping board segments may include a plurality of reinforcement rods included in the internal structure of the seats, protrusions, pins, dividing wall, transversal walls or a combination thereof.
Referring to
Referring to
It should be understood that any one of the above mentioned optional aspects of each contact bar, capping board, capping board and contact bar assembly and electrolytic cell may be combined with any other of the aspects thereof, unless two aspects clearly cannot be combined due to their mutually exclusivity. For example, the contact bar may be provided with projecting anchor elements instead of cavities, and the capping board segments may be provided with corresponding cavities instead of projecting anchor elements without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2014/050015 | 1/10/2014 | WO | 00 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
WO2014/107810 | 7/17/2014 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
3697404 | Paige | Oct 1972 | A |
4479863 | Honey | Oct 1984 | A |
6342136 | Virtanen et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
8147662 | Dufresne | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8308920 | Ashford et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
9222184 | Dufresne | Dec 2015 | B2 |
20090152124 | Ashford | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20100065423 | Dufresne | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20120205254 | Navarro et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
1201681 | Mar 1986 | CA |
101805911 | Aug 2010 | CN |
2008092248 | Aug 2008 | WO |
2012129700 | Oct 2012 | WO |
2013006977 | Jan 2013 | WO |
Entry |
---|
Extended European Search Report issued in European Patent Application No. 14738049.7 dated May 30, 2016. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20150354075 A1 | Dec 2015 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61751501 | Jan 2013 | US |