Patent Application
20190263483
The present application relates to the technical field of cross-river and cross-ocean tunnel construction engineering, and in particular to a self-propelled integrated ship for transporting and installing immersed tubes of an underwater tunnel and a construction process.
The immersed tunnel is an underwater structure constructed under water for allowing person and vehicles to pass through in order to solve the transportation between straits, bays or rivers. Generally, the immersed tunnel is prefabricated segmentally and then transported in water to a designated site for construction and installation. In order to ensure the smooth passage of vehicles inside the immersed tubes after the tunnel has been constructed, the immersed tube is very huge in size. Usually, the weight of each immersed tube exceeds 10,000 tons. The transportation and installation of such a huge object has become a very important aspect that restricts the construction efficiency and construction period of the underwater tunnel project.
The traditional transportation method is realized by sealing two ends of the immersed tube first, reserving a plurality of hauling and hoisting points at the top of the immersed tube, and then equipping with a plurality of high-power towing ships to haul the immersed tube for water transportation; or straddling sinking barges used for installation of the immersed tube over the immersed tube and connecting the sinking barges to the immersed tube. However, since both the immersed tube and the sinking barge do not have sailing power, the immersed tube needs to be hauled by a plurality of high-power towing ships, and the immersed tube carries the sinking barge as a whole to be transported to the site where the immersed tube is to be installed. In the traditional transportation method, the transportation speed is slow, and the cooperation between the towing ships is difficult so that it is easy to yaw. Moreover, during the transportation, the navigation lane needs to be closed, and other ships are prohibited from passing, which seriously affects the shipping traffic. Also, the traditional installation method needs to build dedicated sinking barges and configuring two sinking barges to realize precisely location and installation. When the traditional installation method is adopted, the organizing of the marine activities is complicated and difficult, the construction period is long, the working efficiency is low, the security risk is high, and construction cost is high.
In view of the problems existing in the transportation and installation process of the immersed tubes of cross-river and cross-ocean tunnels, the present application provides a self-propelled integrated ship for transporting and installing immersed tubes of an underwater tunnel and a construction process.
An aspect of the present application provides a self-propelled integrated ship for transporting and installing immersed tubes of underwater tunnel, wherein comprises a first ship body, a second ship body, a connection structure, hauling and hoisting devices, propelling power devices and positioning devices; the first ship body and the second ship body are parallel with each other, the connection structure is arranged between the first ship body and the second ship body, the first ship body, the second ship body and the connection structure are provided with the hauling and hoisting devices; a loading space is formed between the first ship body and the second ship body and below the connection structure, a to-be-installed member is arranged in the loading space and is connected with the ship; and the first ship body and the second ship body are provided with the propelling power devices and the positioning devices.
Preferably, the loading space is opened downward, and the to-be-installed member is an immersed tube which is floated in water during transportation.
Preferably, protruding members are arranged on a bottom of the connection structure, and a number of the protruding members is greater than or equal to 2; when the integrated ship is in a water ballasting state, a pressure contact is formed between bottom surfaces of the protruding members and the immersed tube subjected to buoyancy so as to transmit a propelling power of the integrated ship to the immersed tube and drive the immersed tube to sail together.
Preferably, the propelling power devices comprise a main propeller respectively arranged at a stern of the first ship body and a stern of the second ship body, and lateral propellers respectively arranged at a bow and the stern of the first ship body and a bow and the stern of the second ship body.
Preferably, a dynamic positioning system is further provided on the integrated ship to control powers of the propelling power devices so as to successfully realize tracks tracking function and a dynamic positioning function.
Another aspect of the present application provides a construction process of transporting and installing immersed tubes of an underwater tunnel, which is realized by the integrated ship; the construction process comprises the following steps:
outfitting, comprising:
floating transportation of the immersed tube: using the main propellers and the lateral propellers to drive the integrated ship for self-propulsion, and the integrated ship drives the immersed tube to move and steer along with the integrated ship by interaction force generated by the connection between the integrated ship and the immersed tube; resisting external loads received by the integrated ship and the immersed tube during the floating transportation by means of power generated by the main propellers and the lateral propellers; utilizing a dynamic positioning system provided on the integrated ship to ensure that the integrated ship and the immersed tube are navigated along a planned route and positioned to a site where the immersed tube is to be installed;
installing the immersed tube, comprising:
Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects.
1. The present application changes the traditional method in which additional towing ships are required to haul the immersed tube for transportation, breaks the traditional idea of placing cargo on the ship for transportation (such as the ship disclosed in Patent Application Publication No. CN102642601B, which cannot transport large members such as immersed tubes), and provides a novel integrated ship for immersed tubes or similar large members. A loading space is provided in a lower part of the integrated ship, and a member to be transported is placed in the loading space and floated in the water. The weight of the member is shared by buoyancy, and the member is transported to a designated site. Thus, the independent transportation of immersed tubes of the underwater tunnel or similar large members with various sizes can be successfully realized by one self-propelled ship without being hauled by other additional ships. Moreover, there is no need to close navigation lanes to other ships during the transportation in the public navigation lane, thus not affecting the navigations of the other ships.
2. In the integrated ship provided by the present application, by reasonably arranging installation devices on the ship, precise installation can be realized without assistance of other ships, the integration of transportation and installation is successfully realized, and the installation operation is realized without dedicated sinking barges.
3. The integrated ship provided by the present application has a loading sailing speed of 5 to 6 knots and an unloading sailing speed of more than 10 knots, and has the ability to resist against 2-knot transverse flow, and realizes long-distance transportation. The ship is equipped with a dynamic positioning system so as to have a tracks tracking function, and is small in radius of gyration and small in occupation of navigable water. Moreover, there is no need to close public navigation lanes during the floating transportation, and the amount of dredging for dedicated floating transportation lane is small and ship has emergency support capability for rapid return under abnormal conditions.
4. The catamaran type ship in the present application has a higher stability, and anti-sinking and anti-capsizing capabilities.
5. In the construction process of immersed tubes of an underwater tunnel provided by the present application, the transportation and installation processes of the immersed tube are completed by the integrated ship, so the consistency of the operation is good, the installation precision is high, and the construction period and cost of the engineering can be obviously reduced, resulting in great economic benefits.
wherein:
1: first ship body; 2: second ship body; 3: connection structure; 31: first connection structure; 32: second connection structure; 4: winch; 401: first winch; 402: second winch; 403: third winch; 404: fourth winch; 405: fifth winch; 406: sixth winch; 407: seventh winch; 408: eighth winch; 409: ninth winch; 410: tenth winch; 5: crane; 6: propelling power device; 61: main propeller; 62: lateral propeller; 7: positioning device; 8: immersed tube; 91: protruding member; 92: groove; 93: pull cable; 94: spacer; 95: bolt; 96: wedge; 101: first cable guiding device; 102: second cable guiding device; 103: third cable guiding device; 104: fourth cable guiding device; 105: fifth cable guiding device; 106: sixth cable guiding device; 107: seventh cable guiding device; 108: eighth cable guiding device; 109: ninth cable guiding device; 110: tenth cable guiding device; and, 20: dynamic positioning system.
The present application will be specifically described below with reference to the exemplary implementations. However, it should be understood that elements, structures and features in one implementation can also be advantageously incorporated into other implementations, unless otherwise further stated.
In the descriptions of the present application, it is to be noted that: (1) the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the term “inner”, “outer”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear” or the like is based on the positional relationship shown by the accompanying drawings, is merely used for conveniently description of the present application and simplifying the description and not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be interpreted as limitations to the present application; (2) the term “first”, “second” or the like is merely for descriptive purpose and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying the relative importance; and, (3) the immersed tube itself does not distinguish front end and rear end, but in the present application, for convenience of description, an end close to the bow of the integrated ship is defined as a front end of the immersed tube and an end close to the stern of the integrated ship is defined as a rear end of the immersed tube.
As shown in
The to-be-installed member is suspended in the loading space by the hauling and hoisting devices and floated in water. The to-be-installed member is float-transported to a designated site by the propelling power devices 6 arranged on the ship bodies. At this time, the hauling and hoisting devices stably sink the to-be-installed member to an underwater installation site to perform installing process. Specifically, in the present application, the to-be-installed member is an immersed tube 8; however, it should be understood that the to-be-installed member may also be other large underwater members to be installed.
In this way, the integrated ship provided by the present application has transportation and installation functions of a large member at the same time and successfully realizes the integration of transportation and installation of the large member. During the transportation, the traditional method in which the immersed tube is directly hauled by a plurality of towing ships and the sinking barges are carried by the immersed tube to move to the installation site is changed. Rather, a self-propelled integrated ship suitable for large members such as immersed tubes is designed. By placing the member to be transported below the connection structure and floating the member to be transported in the water, the buoyancy is tactfully utilized to float-transport the member to the installation site, and there is no need for hauling and transporting in different directions by a plurality of towing ships, thus avoiding additional power consumption, accidental yaw and the like. Since the integrated ship occupies a small sea area, the normal navigation of other ships will not be affected, and there is no need to close to the navigation lane. In addition, the integrated ship itself has the installation function, it is unnecessary to additionally dispatch sinking barges, so the construction process is simplified, the construction period is shortened, the working efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Since the immersed tube 8 is arranged below, but not above, the connection structure 3 in the embodiment of the present application, there is no requirement for the extended area of the connection structure 3.
The loading space is opened downward to realize the floating transportation of the to-be-installed member. In this embodiment of the present application, the to-be-installed member is an immersed tube 8 which is floated in water during transportation.
Further, to realize the transportation of to-be-installed members of different sizes, the loading space between the first ship body 1 and the second ship body 2 and below the connection structure 3 is a through space.
As an optional implementation, the connection between the immersed tube 8 and the integrated ship is rigid connection, so that the immersed tube 8 and the integrated ship are float-transported as a whole. Here, the rigid connection refers to a connection mode in which the degree of freedom is constrained in six directions. However, it should be understood that the connection between the immersed tube 8 and the integrated ship may also be flexible connection, for example, using a steel wire rope or the like to realize the connection.
As shown in
As a preferred implementation, as shown in
As a preferred implementation, as shown in
Further, a limiting device is arranged between the groove 92 and the protruding member 91 to realize the firm connection of the groove 92 and the protruding member 91. In this embodiment, the limiting device may be implemented in various ways. As shown in
To further limit the movement of the immersed tube, as shown in
To enable the protruding members 91 to bear the pressure between the integrated ship and the immersed tube 8, preferably, bearing capacity of each of the protruding members 91 is greater than or equal to 10 tons.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an arrangement mode of the propelling power devices.
As shown in
During the design process of the integrated ship of the present application, not only the resistance generated by the draught of the integrated ship itself but also the resistance suffered by the immersed tube during the floating transportation are taken into consideration to optimize the power of the propelling power devices 6. Preferably, the power of the lateral propellers 62 is greater than or equal to 500 kW.
As a preferred implementation, a number of the lateral propellers 62 arranged on the first ship body 1 is equal to a number of the lateral propellers 62 arranged on the second ship body 2.
Further, two lateral propellers 62 are respectively arranged at the bow and the stern of the first ship body 1, and two lateral propellers 62 are respectively arranged at the bow and the stern of the second ship body 2. Since the immersed tube 8 is arranged between the first ship body 1 and the second ship body 2, jet flows of the lateral propellers 62 will be blocked. In a case of providing the same lateral propelling force, when one lateral propeller 62 is provided, the required jet flow is larger; however, if the jet flow is larger, the loss of jet flow due to the action of the immersed tube 8 is larger, which is disadvantageous to the function of the lateral propeller 62. When two lateral propellers 62 are provided to act together, the distributed jet flows are reduced, and the loss of jet flows is smaller, so that the lateral propellers 62 can work effectively.
As a preferred implementation, a dynamic positioning system 20 (a DP system for short) is further provided on the integrated ship to control the powers of the propelling power devices 6 so as to successfully realize tracks tracking function and a dynamic positioning function. The DP system can control corresponding propelling power devices 6 to adjust corresponding power according to the desired motion mode of the integrated ship, so as to realize the desired motion.
As a preferred implementation, as shown in
As a preferred implementation, the hauling and hoisting devices comprise winches 4 and cranes 5. The winches 4 comprise more than four winches having a loading capacity greater than or equal to 2 tons.
As a preferred implementation, hoisting cables used for adjusting transverse and longitudinal positions of the immersed tube 8 are arranged in a crossed manner between the integrated ship and the immersed tube 8.
Specifically, as shown in
the first connection structure 31 is provided with a fifth cable guiding device 105, and a hoisting cable of the fifth winch 405 is connected to a position at a rear end of the top surface of the immersed tube 8 along an axis of the immersed tube 8 via the fifth cable guiding device 105; the second connection structure 32 is provided with a sixth cable guiding device 106, and a hoisting cable of the sixth winch 406 is connected to a position at a front end of the top surface of the immersed tube 8 along the axis of the immersed tube 8 via the sixth cable guiding device 106; and the fifth winch 405 and the sixth winch 406 are used for adjusting the longitudinal position of the immersed tube 8.
As a preferred implementation, the hauling and hoisting devices further comprise at least four hoisting winches used for lifting up, lifting down and adjusting the immersed tube.
Further, as shown in
The cable guiding devices can be fairleads or pulley blocks.
Further, preferably, a minimum length of the hoisting cable retracted or released by the first winch 401 to the tenth winch 410 at each time is in a centimeter level in order to further ensure precise positioning of the immersed tube 8.
As a preferred implementation, a length of the integrated ship is greater than or equal to 50 m in order to cooperate with the lateral propellers 62 to realize the in-situ steering of the integrated ship.
As a preferred implementation, a distance from an inner side of the first ship body to the immersed tube 8 and a distance from an inner side of the second ship body 2 to the immersed tube 8 are greater than or equal to 0.5 m, so as to prevent lateral propelling failure caused by shielding of the immersed tube 8.
Further, the positioning devices 7 are positioning anchors and windlasses, and the positioning anchors and the windlasses are arranged at the bows or the sterns of the first ship body 1 and the second ship body 2, respectively.
When the integrated ship provided by the embodiments of the present application transports an immersed tube, the sailing speed in a public navigation lane can reach 5 to 6 knots. Compared with the hauling of the immersed tube by the towing ships, the time required to occupy the navigation lane is greatly shortened, the navigation time from Guishan Island to the position of the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Channel is only 7 hours, and the time required by the transportation and installation of a single immersed tube is about 20 hours. Additionally, the integrated ship is equipped with a dynamic positioning system and has a tracks tracking function, the track width can be controlled within 85 m, and the scale of the public navigation lane can fully meet the navigation requirements. The integrated ship has the ability to resist against 2-knot transverse flow and can realize in-situ rotation within a range of 240 m in a steering area and a gyration area, and have the emergency capability for rapid return under abnormal conditions.
Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a construction process of immersed tubes of an underwater tunnel, which is constructed by the integrated ship described above and specifically comprises the following steps:
outfitting, comprising:
floating transportation of the immersed tube: using the main propellers 61 and the lateral propellers 62 to drive the integrated ship for self-propulsion, and the integrated ship drives the immersed tube 8 to move and steer along with the integrated ship by interaction force between the protruding members 91 and the bottom of the grooves 92; resisting external loads received by the integrated ship and the immersed tube during the floating transportation by means of power generated by the main propellers 61 and the lateral propellers 62; utilizing a dynamic positioning system provided on the integrated ship to ensure that the integrated ship and the immersed tube are navigated along the planned route and positioned to a site where the immersed tube is to be installed; specifically, the floating transportation comprises the following steps:
After the above construction process has been completed, removing the fitting-out parts such as the measurement towers, the manholes and the pull-in jack on the immersed tube 8 by the cranes on the integrated ship, and then the integrated ship makes a return voyage in preparation for the floating transportation and installation of a next immersed tube.
The sequential order of the steps in the above construction process is not strictly required, and may be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual operation requirements.
The present application is described in detail above, but what is mentioned above is merely better embodiments of the present application and cannot be considered as limitation to the implementation scope of the present application. All equal changes and improvements made in accordance with the scope of the present application shall remain within the scope of the present application.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 201611022374.9 | Nov 2016 | CN | national |
| 201910368756.4 | May 2019 | CN | national |
The present application is a continuation-in-part application of International Application No. PCT/CN2017/110395 filed on Nov. 10, 2017 and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201910368756.4 filed on May 5, 2019, and this international application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201611022374.9 filed on Nov. 17, 2016, the disclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2017/110395 | Nov 2017 | US |
| Child | 16412343 | US |
