Patent Application
20210360905
The present invention relates to a semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm for cultivating fish at open sea.
Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants. Farming implies some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular stocking, feeding, protection from predators. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. Particular kinds of aquaculture include fish farming, shrimp farming, oyster farming, mariculture, algaculture, and the cultivation of ornamental fish. Fish farming using inshore fish farms in freshwater and offshore fish farms in saltwater is well known. An advantage of offshore fish farms is that deep-water cages can be used that have a large harvesting volume. Another advantage is that the deep-water cages can be kept away from coastal pollution areas. As a result, a good farming environment can be provided which is the basis for harvesting high-quality cultured fish.
Although there are many different types of fish farms, both inshore and offshore, the present invention relates to a semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm for cultivating fish at open sea comprising an elongated center column having one of a circular and polygonal cross-section and a semi-submersible netted rigid cage that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column. This kind of cage can be submerged during heavy storms or typhoons to prevent damage to at least one of the cage and the offshore fish farm. While being submersed, this kind of cage is far less exposed to harsh sea conditions and hence far less subjected to physical stress. As a result, this kind of cage can be lighter and can have a less complicated structure. Moreover, the reduced movement of the cage reduces damage to stocks.
In order to enable larger harvesting volumes, the diameter of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage can be increased. However, the design, construction and transportation of known semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farms would not allow a further increase of the diameter of the semi-submersible netted rigid cages. Construction and transportation are cumbersome as a result of the significant diameter of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm and the netted rigid cage in particular. For building such fish farms having a total diameter of 100 m, the availability of dock sizes, construction bay sizes and gantry crane widths is very limited. For semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farms having a total diameter above 120 m, only a couple of yards are able to build them and for diameters above 130 m there is no yard available that is able to build them in a dry dock or under a gantry crane.
Furthermore, transportation vessels do not necessarily need to have the same width as the total diameter of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farms and therefore can be significantly smaller. However, in that case transportation of such fish farms is seriously hampered by the overhang of the netted rigid cage that cannot touch or go through the water surface as a result of roll and pitch motions of the transportation vessel when the vessel is sailing.
In the current design of known semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farms, elongated connecting elements, also indicated as radials, are used to interconnect for example the elongated center column and a first frame of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage in a similar way as spokes in a wheel. In the current design, each elongated connecting element is fixedly connected, e.g. welded, with one of its end parts to a buoyancy sleeve of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm. The other end part of each elongated connecting element is connected to the top of the buoyancy sleeve by means of wire rope, e.g. steel or any other suitable material. Besides vertical loads, this results in significant loads on the buoyancy sleeve and torque on the buoyancy sleeve connections. Increasing the length of the elongated connecting elements will increase the diameter and hence the harvesting volume of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage. However, this also gives rise to increased vertical loads and torque acting on the buoyancy sleeve and the connections. Consequently, at least the connections between the elongated connecting elements and the buoyancy sleeve have a reduced life time due to fatigue caused by high stress cycles as a result of increased load variations.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm for cultivating fish at open sea that pre-empts or at least reduces at least one of the abovementioned and/or other disadvantages associated with semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farms known in the art.
Aspects of the present invention are set out in the accompanying independent and dependent claims. Features from the dependent claims may be combined with features from the independent claim as appropriate and not merely as explicitly set out in the claims.
At least one of the abovementioned objects is achieved by a semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm for cultivating fish at open sea, comprising an elongated center column having one of a circular and polygonal cross-section and a semi-submersible netted rigid cage. The elongated center column comprising a first end part and a second end part, a buoyancy sleeve and a harvesting sleeve that are coaxially arranged around the elongated center column, wherein the buoyancy sleeve is arrangeable at positions along the elongated center column between the first end part and the harvesting sleeve and the harvesting sleeve is arrangeable at positions along the elongated center column between the buoyancy sleeve and the second end part. The semi-submersible netted rigid cage comprises a first frame that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column, a first set of elongated connecting elements, wherein each elongated connecting element of the first set of elongated connecting elements is arranged to interconnect the buoyancy sleeve and the first frame via at least one detachable and pivotable coupling assembly. The semi-submersible netted rigid cage comprises a second frame that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column and, in use of said fish farm, is arranged below the first frame, a second set of elongated connecting elements, wherein each elongated connecting element of the second set of elongated connecting elements is arranged to interconnect the first frame and the second frame. The semi-submersible netted rigid cage comprises a third frame that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column between the first frame and the second frame, a third set of elongated connecting elements, wherein each elongated connecting element of the third set of elongated connecting elements is arranged to interconnect the harvesting sleeve and the third frame via at least one detachable and pivotable coupling assembly.
By connecting the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements and the buoyancy sleeve via detachable and pivotable coupling assemblies, the elongated coupling elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements and the buoyancy sleeve can move relative to each other instead of being fixedly connected. The same applies to the elongated connecting elements of the third set of elongated connecting elements that are connected with the harvesting sleeve via detachable and pivotable coupling assemblies. In this way, the connections between the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements and the buoyancy sleeve have an improved life time due to reduced fatigue because of decreased stress cycles as a result of decreased load variations. The same applies to the connections between the elongated connecting elements of the third set of elongated connecting elements and the harvesting sleeve.
Furthermore, because of the fact that the pivotable coupling assembly is detachable, the elongated connecting elements of the respective first and third sets of elongated connecting elements can be assembled and disassembled. In this way they can be transported as separate pieces and installed at the desired location at sea of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention. Hence, problems regarding transportation of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm can be mitigated.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly comprises a first part and a second part that are detachably connectable via at least a first coupling element that is arranged to provide a first pivot axis around which the first part and the second part are pivotable with respect to each other. In this way an elongated connecting element of the first set of elongated connecting elements, in use of the fish farm, is pivotable with respect to the buoyancy sleeve in radial directions of the elongated center column. Likewise, an elongated connecting element of the third set of elongated connecting elements, in use of the fish farm, is pivotable with respect to the harvesting sleeve in radial directions of the elongated center column. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the first coupling element can be any suitable coupling element that can provide the first pivot axis that enables the abovementioned pivoting movements of the first part and the second part of the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly can comprise more than one first parts and more than one second parts depending on the requirements for the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm, e.g. for the sake of redundancy to improve reliability.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, at least one of the first part and the second part of the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly is provided with at least a second coupling element that is arranged to provide a second pivot axis that is directed transversely with respect to the first pivot axis. By providing the second coupling element, an elongated connecting element of the first set of elongated connecting elements, in use of the fish farm, is also pivotable with respect to the buoyancy sleeve in circumferential directions of the elongated center column. Hence, an elongated connecting element of the first set of elongated connecting elements can, in use of the fish farm, move with respect to the buoyancy sleeve in orthogonal directions, e.g. in radial directions and in circumferential directions of the elongated center column. The movements in radial and circumferential directions of the elongated center column can also be referred to as movements in pitch and yaw. These directions of movement are the most important directions regarding improvement of the life time of the connections between the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements and the buoyancy sleeve. An analogous reasoning holds for the elongated connecting elements of the third set of elongated connecting elements that are pivotable with respect to the harvesting sleeve in both radial and circumferential directions of the elongated center column.
The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the second coupling element can be any suitable coupling element that can provide a second pivot axis that is directed transversely with respect to the first pivot axis and that enables the abovementioned movements of the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements and the buoyancy sleeve, and the elongated connecting elements of the third set of elongated connecting elements and the harvesting sleeve.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, at least one of the first frame comprises a first set of frame sections that are connected to each other to form a first closed structure, the second frame comprises a second set of frame sections that are connected to each other to form a second closed structure, and the third frame comprises a third set of frame sections that are connected to each other to form a third closed structure. In this way, at least one of the respective first, second, and third frames can be assembled and disassembled. This enables that they are transported as separate pieces and installed at the desired location at sea of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm. As a result, problems regarding transportation of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm can be mitigated.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, at least one of the first frame, the second frame and the third frame have buoyant properties and have one of a circular and polygonal shape. By providing at least one of the first frame, the second frame and the third frame with buoyant properties, they can carry at least their own weight. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the buoyant properties can be provided in any suitable way, e.g. by using a tubular lattice structure for at least one of the first frame, the second frame and the third frame.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the first part of the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly is arranged at least at one of a surface of the buoyancy sleeve that in use of said fish farm faces away from the elongated center column, a surface of the harvesting sleeve that in use of said fish farm faces away from the elongated center column, a surface of at least one frame section of the first set of frame sections of the first frame, and a surface of at least one frame section of the third set of frame sections of the third frame. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the first part of the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly can be arranged at any desired location depending on specific design requirements for the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the second part of the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly is arranged at least at one end part of an elongated connecting element of the first set of elongated connecting elements and/or at least at one end part of an elongated connecting element of the third set of elongated connecting elements.
The person skilled in the art will appreciate that if for example the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements are provided with second parts of the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly at both of their respective end parts, and the buoyancy sleeve and the frame sections of the first set of frame sections of the first frame are provided with first parts of the detachable and pivotable coupling assembly, upon assembly, the detachable and pivotable coupling assemblies interconnect the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements with both the buoyancy sleeve and the frame sections of the first set of frame sections of the first frame.
Analogously, the detachable and pivotable coupling assemblies can be used to interconnect elongated connecting elements of the third set of elongated connecting elements with at least one of the harvesting sleeve and at least one frame section of the third set of frame sections of the third frame. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that many more configurations are conceivable depending on the requirements for the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the semi-submersible netted rigid cage has a diameter in a range between 80 m and 180 m. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that for diameters in the aforementioned range it is advantageous at least for transportation of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm that said fish farm can be assembled at the desired location at sea. Among others this can be achieved by interconnecting the frame sections of the first set of frame sections of the first frame of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage with the buoyancy sleeve using the detachable and pivotable coupling assemblies and the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements. Analogously, the frame sections of the third set of frame sections of the third frame of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage can be interconnected with the harvesting sleeve using the detachable and pivotable coupling assemblies and the elongated connecting elements of the third set of elongated connecting elements.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the elongated connecting elements of at least one of the first set of elongated connecting elements and the third set of elongated connecting elements have a tubular lattice structure. In this way, the elongated connecting elements can carry at least their own weight, the weight of the nets and the weight of the respective first, second and third frames of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, said fish farm is provided with at least one of a first platform that, in use of said fish farm, is arranged adjacent to the elongated center column and a second platform that is connected with the first frame. The first platform and the second platform can be used by operators of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm. The first platform and the second platform can be interconnected by at least one walkway that can be arranged on an elongated connecting element of the first set of elongated connecting elements. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the walkway can be configured and arranged in any suitable way to interconnect the first platform and the second platform.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the first frame is provided with at least a first net that, in use of said fish farm, provides a top net of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage, the first frame and the second frame are further interconnected via at least a second net that, in use of said fish farm, provides a circumferential side net of said cage, wherein the second frame is provided with at least a third net that, in use of said fish farm, provides a bottom net of said cage, and wherein the third frame is provided with at least a fourth net that, in use of said fish farm, provides a harvesting net of said cage.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, in use of said fish farm, the first frame is arrangeable along the elongated center column at positions above and below sea level, the second frame is arrangeable along the elongated center column at positions below sea level, and the third frame is arrangeable along the elongated center column at positions between the first frame and the second frame.
The person skilled in the art will appreciate that depending on sea conditions it is possible to position the semi-submersible netted rigid cage partially above sea level, for example for harvesting fish during calm sea conditions, and to position said cage completely below sea level, for example when heavy storms or typhoons are expected. In the latter case, said cage is moved to a position beyond a top layer of the seawater where the conditions in the top layer have a limited or ideally no negative effect on said cage and the fish stock that is contained within it. Moving of the semi-submersible netted rigid cage is accomplished by ballasting the center column of the fish farm.
To harvest at least part of the fish stock, the harvesting net that is attached to the third frame can be raised towards the sea level by raising the harvesting sleeve. After harvesting the desired amount of fish, the harvesting net can be lowered, for example under the influence of gravity.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the first end part of the elongated center column is provided with a control facility that in use of said fish farm remains positioned above sea level and the second end part of the elongated center column is provided with a ballast system that in use of said fish farm remains positioned below sea level. The control facility comprises at least one of an equipment room and a residence room or living quarter for operators of the fish farm. When the semi-submersible netted rigid cage is positioned completely below sea level, only the control facility remains above sea level. In this way only a relatively small part of the total fish farm is exposed to rough weather conditions. As a result, the risk of damage to the fish farm can be significantly reduced. The ballast system provides buoyancy and stability to the fish farm.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the ballast system comprises at least one buoyancy tank and at least one of a ballast tank that is connected to the buoyancy tank and at least one clump weight that is connected to the buoyancy tank. In the event that a ballast tank is provided, the ballast tank can be connected to the bottom of the buoyancy tank directly or it can be integrated into the buoyancy tank. The ballast tank can be filled or emptied according to the desired draft for the center column of the fish farm. The at least one clump weight can be filled with any suitable material, e.g. steel, concrete or lead, or any suitable combination of materials.
In an embodiment of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention, the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm comprises at least one of a harvest system, a power system, a mooring system, a boat landing system, a docking system, a dead fish removal system and a feeding system. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the fish farm according to the invention is a versatile and self-sufficient fish farm.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of the invention by way of exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of a semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm according to the invention.
The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the described embodiments are exemplary in nature only and not to be construed as limiting the scope of protection in any way. The person skilled in the art will realize that alternatives and equivalent embodiments of the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm can be conceived and reduced to practice without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.
Reference will be made to the figures on the accompanying drawing sheets. The figures are schematic in nature and therefore not necessarily drawn to scale. Furthermore, equal reference numerals denote equal or similar parts. On the attached drawing sheets,
Although not explained in further detail nor shown in the appended figures, the person skilled in the art will also appreciate that the semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm 1 can comprise at least one of a harvesting system, a mooring system, a boat landing system, a docking system, a dead fish removal system and a feeding system.
The elongated center column 2 shown in
The harvesting sleeve 6 is arrangeable at several positions along the elongated center column 2 between the buoyancy sleeve 5 and the second end part 4. The harvesting sleeve 6 is not naturally buoyant and will therefore remain under water. It can be moved towards the buoyancy sleeve 5 using at least one of ballasting and a displacement system. By moving the harvesting sleeve 6 towards the buoyancy sleeve 5, fish can be harvested.
The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the buoyancy sleeve 5 and the harvesting sleeve 6 are movable along the elongated center column 2 in any suitable way, for example in a sliding manner under the influence of a displacement system that can be accommodated in the control facility 28. The displacement system can comprise a winch. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art will appreciate that it can be advantageous if at least one of the buoyancy sleeve 5, the harvesting sleeve 6 and the center column 2 is provided with pads comprising a material, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), that enhances sliding of the buoyancy sleeve 5 and the harvesting sleeve 6 along the center column 2.
The fish farm 1 shown in
To provide the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements 9 with buoyant properties they have a tubular lattice structure. This is schematically shown in
From
To harvest at least part of the fish stock, the harvesting net 27 that is attached to the third frame 13 can be raised towards the sea level by moving the harvesting sleeve 6 towards the buoyancy sleeve 5. After harvesting the desired amount of fish, the harvesting net 27 can be lowered by moving the third frame towards the second end part 4 of the center column 2, for example under the influence of gravity.
Moreover,
The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the second coupling element can be any suitable coupling element that can provide a second pivot axis that is directed transversely with respect to the first pivot axis and that enables the abovementioned movements of the elongated connecting elements of the first set of elongated connecting elements and the buoyancy sleeve, and the elongated connecting elements of the third set of elongated connecting elements and the harvesting sleeve.
In the embodiment of the coupling assembly 10 shown in
The present invention can be summarized as relating to a semi-submersible spar-type offshore fish farm 1 for cultivating fish at open sea, comprising an elongated center column 2 having one of a circular and polygonal cross-section. The elongated center column comprising a first end part 3 and a second end part 4, a buoyancy sleeve 5 and a harvesting sleeve 6 that are coaxially arranged around the elongated center column, wherein the buoyancy sleeve is arrangeable at positions along the elongated center column between the first end part and the harvesting sleeve and the harvesting sleeve is arrangeable at positions along the elongated center column between the buoyancy sleeve and the second end part. Said fish farm further comprises a semi-submersible netted rigid cage 7 that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column and comprises a first frame 8 that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column, a first set of elongated connecting elements 9, wherein each of which is arranged to interconnect the buoyancy sleeve and the first frame via at least one detachable and pivotable coupling assembly 10, a second frame 11 that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column and, in use of said fish farm, is arranged below the first frame, a second set of elongated connecting elements 12, wherein each of which is arranged to interconnect the first frame and the second frame, a third frame 13 that is coaxially arranged around the elongated center column at an adjustable position between the first frame and the second frame, a third set of elongated connecting elements 14, wherein each of which is arranged to interconnect the harvesting sleeve and the third frame via at least one detachable and pivotable coupling assembly.
It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples discussed in the foregoing but that several amendments and modifications thereof are possible without deviating from the scope of the present invention as defined by the attached claims. In particular, combinations of specific features of various aspects of the invention may be made. An aspect of the invention may be further advantageously enhanced by adding a feature that was described in relation to another aspect of the invention. While the present invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the figures and the description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary only, and not restrictive.
The present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by a person skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the figures, the description and the attached claims. In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other steps or elements, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17193670.1 | Sep 2017 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/076142 | 9/26/2018 | WO | 00 |
