Patent Application
20210237742
The invention relates to a sensor device for detecting moisture on a roadway of a vehicle, particularly a motor vehicle, having at least one structure-borne sound sensor and having at least one circuit carrier, wherein the structure-borne sound sensor is connected in a signal-conducting manner to the circuit carrier.
Sensor devices of the type mentioned at the beginning are known and are used in a wide range of vehicles. In particular, the sensor devices are used for the early detection of roadway wetting with moisture, that is to say for the early detection of a risk of aquaplaning.
For example, a method in a driver assistance system for detecting wetness on a roadway is known from DE 10 2010 063 017 A1. Here, the wetness on a roadway is detected using a rear camera. At the rear of the vehicle, an image is taken of an area located behind the rear. The recorded image is analysed with regards to a spray trail created by the vehicle. Based on the analysis, a wetness signal is output for triggering an automatic reaction of the driver assistance system to the wet roadway.
Furthermore, a sensor device and a method in a vehicle for detecting the state of the road surface is known from DE 10 2004 023 323 A1. In this method, the radiation emanating from an area on the road surface is detected by means of a radiation receiver. The measured radiation values are processed further and used for controlling a driving-conditions controller.
The disadvantage of known methods and devices is the fact that these methods and devices can be very complicated and therefore cost-intensive and susceptible to faults. Furthermore, in many systems an adaptation of the sensor device to the actual vehicle type is necessary, which makes the production and assembly more difficult.
The invention is based on the object of suggesting a sensor device of the type mentioned at the beginning, using which a precise, simple and vehicle-type-independent detection of roadway wetting is enabled.
This object is achieved using a sensor device with the features of patent Claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle having the features of patent Claim 11.
In a sensor device for detecting moisture on a carriageway of a vehicle, particularly a motor vehicle, with at least one structure-borne sound sensor and with at least one circuit carrier, wherein the structure-borne sound sensor is connected in a signal-conducting manner to the circuit carrier, it is provided in a manner important for the invention that at least one structure-borne sound sensor is arranged in a housing, that the housing has at least one flat constructed housing area, that the structure-borne sound sensor is connected to the flat constructed housing area, so as to conduct structure-borne sound signals, and that the housing is constructed as a resonant body, that the at least one circuit carrier is arranged in the housing, that the housing is provided for mounting in a wheel arch of a vehicle, that at least one connecting means for producing a connection between the housing and the wheel arch is assigned to the housing, and that the connecting means is constructed to be vibration damping, at least in certain sections.
Structure-borne sound signals, vibrations in particular, can be detected on a body by means of a structure-borne sound sensor. The vibrations may for example be created by impacting bodies, such as for example water droplets or spray water droplets. Spray water thrown up by a tyre can be detected via these vibrations by means of a structure-borne sound sensor. To this end, the sensor device has at least one structure-borne sound sensor, which is connected in a signal-conducting manner to a circuit carrier. An analysis device can for example be arranged on the circuit carrier, in which analysis device the detected structure-borne sound signals can be analysed. Furthermore, signal transmission devices can be arranged on the circuit carrier, which for example forward the analysed or else non-analysed signals to a further processing device for example via a radio connection or a cable connection. The structure-borne sound sensor and the circuit carrier are arranged in a housing. The housing is preferably constructed in such a manner that it protects the structure-borne sound sensor and the circuit carrier from external environmental influences, such as moisture for example. The housing has at least one housing area which is constructed flat. This housing area is preferably provided so that water droplets, particularly spray water droplets thrown up from the roadway, impact onto this area. The spray water droplets induce vibrations in the flat constructed housing area, which vibrations propagate as a structure-borne sound signal on the flat constructed housing area and therefore on the entire housing. The structure-borne sound sensor has a structure-borne-sound-signal-conducting connection to the flat constructed housing area. Thus, the vibrations generated by the impact of the spray water droplets can be detected by the structure-borne sound sensor. The housing has a cavity, so that the housing forms a resonant body. The formation of a resonant body causes an amplification of the vibrations and thus of the structure-borne sound signals. The amplification of the structure-borne sound signal enables an improved detection of the structure-borne sound signals and therefore an improved detection of the impact events causing the structure-borne sound signals. By analysing the structure-born sound signals, it is possible for example to draw a conclusion about the number of impacting spray water droplets. It is possible to draw a conclusion about the state of wetness of the roadway from that. In particular only the structure-borne sound signals generated on the housing are analysed. By the arrangement of vibration damping elements a decoupling of the sensor device, in particular of the housing, from the wheel arch is reached. A more precise detection of the structure-borne sound signals caused by the spraywater droplets an the housing is enabled, because there is no overlay with the structure-borne sound signals caused on the wheel arch. The compact arrangement of the structure-borne sound sensor and the circuit carrier in one housing makes the sensor device independent of the vehicle type in which the sensor device is used. The detection of the spray water droplets takes place by means of the impact on the flat constructed housing area, which is independent of the vehicle type. Thus, simple mounting and even subsequent mounting is enabled.
The housing is provided for mounting in a wheel arch of a vehicle. In the case of mounting in a wheel arch of a vehicle, it is possible, particularly on the interior lining of a wheel arch, for the flat constructed area of the housing to be aligned in such a manner that spray water droplets, which are thrown up by the front tyres for example, impact onto the flat housing area. For mounting, the housing may for example have openings for guiding through screw connections or connecting means for producing a connection to the wheel arch. The connecting means can in this case be constructed in such a manner that the connecting means has a damping action with respect to the vibrations or oscillations transmitted from the vehicle to the sensor device. The connecting means may for example be an adhesive agent for forming an adhesive connection or latching connectors for producing a latching connection to an arranged damping element. Therefore, decoupling between the vehicle and the sensor device is achieved. For example, the connection between the housing and the wheel arch can be produced using the wall of the housing facing away from the flat constructed housing area. The wheel arch may for example also be the mudguard of a motorcycle.
In a development of the invention, the structure-borne sound sensor has an extensive contact with the housing area which is constructed to be flat and the structure-borne sound sensor is arranged on the side of the housing area facing the housing interior. The housing of the sensor device is preferably aligned in such a manner that the spray water thrown up by the tyres of a vehicle impact onto the flat constructed housing area. The spray water which is thrown up, particularly the spray water droplets, cause vibrations on the housing area which is constructed to be flat, so that structure-borne sound signals propagate on the housing area. Due to an extensive contact between the structure-borne sound sensor and the flat constructed housing area, there is an optimum transmission of the structure-borne sound signals to the structure-borne sound sensor. In particular, the structure-borne sound sensor is arranged on the inside of the housing area, that is to say on the side of the housing area facing the housing interior. As a result, the structure-borne sound sensor is connected to the flat constructed housing area in a structure-born-sound conducting manner and is additionally protected from external influences by the housing.
In a development of the invention, at least one structure-borne sound sensor is a piezoelectric element, particularly a piezoelectric film. A piezoelectric element, particularly a piezoelectric film is available inexpensively and can easily be adapted to the required conditions. In particular, the piezoelectric film can be adhesively bonded to the inside of the flat constructed housing area, so that there is a good transmission of the structure-borne sound signals to the piezoelectric film.
In a constructive development of the invention, the circuit carrier is connected to the housing in a vibration-damped manner. When using the sensor device in a vehicle in particular, for example in the wheel arch of a vehicle, the sensor device may be exposed to strong vibrations and shocks. In order to protect the electronic components which may be arranged on the circuit carrier, the circuit carrier is connected to the housing in a vibration-damped manner. Shocks which act on the housing are damped by means of the vibration-damped connection, which is produced by means of damping elements, for example by means of rubber dampers, so that the circuit carrier is protected.
In a constructive development of the invention, the circuit carrier is only connected to the housing at the edges of the circuit carrier. A vibration-damped connection between the circuit carrier and the housing may result in that the circuit carrier is only connected to the housing at the edges of the circuit carrier. For example, the circuit carrier can be arranged centrally in the housing, so that the upper side and the underside of the circuit carrier does not have any direct contact to the inner wall of the housing. The connection of the edges of the circuit carrier to the housing inner wall can be constructed in a vibration-damped manner. Because the upper side and the underside of the circuit carrier do not have any contact to the inner wall of the housing, there is a considerable reduction in vibration transmission from the housing to the circuit carrier.
In an embodiment of the invention, at least one connecting means is constructed for producing an adhesive connection between the housing and a wheel arch and at least one connecting means consists of a foamed material at least in certain sections. The foamed material can for example be a foamed plastic, in particular an elastic foamed plastic, particularly a foam. A particularly good vibration-damping property of the adhesive connection is achieved by using a foamed material.
In a development of the invention, the adhesive connection is constructed by a connecting means, which is constructed flat, and the connecting means has an adhesive film at least on one side. The connecting means may for example be a foamed plastic, which is provided with a self-adhesive film on one side, preferably on both sides. Thus, the connecting means can be used for the simple mounting of the housing in the wheel arch. For example, the connecting means can be formed by a foamed adhesive pad.
In a development of the invention, the housing is constructed for mounting in at least one opening of a wheel arch. For example, an opening for mounting the housing of a sensor device can be provided in a wheel arch of a vehicle. In particular, the housing of the sensor device can be inserted into the opening with a precise fit, so that the flat constructed housing area, on which the structure-borne sound sensor is arranged, is arranged in an areally flush manner to the inner wall of the wheel arch.
In a development of the invention, the housing has at least one lateral protrusion and at least one connecting means is arranged on at least one lateral protrusion for producing a connection between the housing and the wheel arch. For example, a wheel arch can have an opening for mounting the housing of the sensor device. To this end, the housing can be inserted into the opening of the wheel arch in certain sections. The housing has a flat constructed housing area, on the housing-interior-facing side of which the structure-borne sound sensor is arranged. For example, the flat constructed area may form a base surface, particularly an end face of the housing, parallel to which a second base surface is arranged. In addition, the housing can have side walls connecting the base surfaces. For example, the base services may be constructed to be circular. The lateral protrusion protrudes beyond the base surfaces, preferably parallel to the planes spanned by the base surfaces. The protrusion is preferably arranged in the region of the base surface not having the structure-borne sound sensor. For example, the lateral protrusion can also be constructed such that the base surface not having the structure-borne sound sensor has a larger surface area than the base surface having the structure-borne sound sensor. The lateral protrusion of the housing preferably forms an overlap with the edge region of the opening of the wheel arch, so that the housing can be fastened on the wheel arch.
In a development of the invention, the plane spanned by the lateral protrusion and the plane spanned by the flat constructed area are arranged parallel to one another. Due to the parallel arrangement of the planes of the flat constructed area and of the lateral protrusion, a parallel arrangement of the flat constructed area and thus of the structure-borne sound sensor and the inner wall of the wheel arch is enabled.
In a vehicle, particularly a motor vehicle, having at least two axles, having at least two wheels, having at least one wheel arch surrounding at least one wheel at least in certain sections and having at least one sensor device according to the invention, it is provided in a manner important to the invention that at least one sensor device is arranged in at least one wheel arch and that the sensor device is connected by means of at least one connecting means to the wheel arch and that the connecting means is constructed in a vibration damping manner. The sensor device according to the invention with a structure-borne sound sensor, a circuit carrier and a housing surrounding the structure-borne sound sensor and the circuit carrier is provided to detect moisture on a roadway, particularly the state of wetness of the roadway, on which the vehicle is moving. To this end, the housing of the sensor device is arranged in such a manner that it is exposed to the spray water thrown up from the roadway. The spray water droplets impacting onto the housing, particularly onto the flat housing area of the housing, excite vibrations in the flat area, which can be detected as structure-borne sound signals by the structure-borne sound sensor. In particular, the moisture on a roadway is thrown up by the tyres of the vehicle in the form of spray water. In order to enable a detection of the spray water that is thrown up in as precise a manner as possible, the sensor devices are arranged in the wheel arches of the vehicle, particularly on the interior lining of the wheel arches. The spray water thrown up by the tyres, particularly the spray water thrown up when travelling straight on, impacts onto the interior lining of the wheel arches and of the housing of the sensor device. A detection of the spray water is enabled by means of the arrangement of the sensor device on the inner lining of the wheel arches. The housing is connected to the wheel arch by means of at least one connecting means. For example, the connecting means may be formed by an adhesive agent or else by latching connectors. The connecting means is here constructed in a vibration damping manner, so that there is decoupling between the vehicle and the sensor device. In the construction of the connecting means as latching connector, the damping action can for example be achieved by means of the arrangement of an additional damping element. In particular only the structure-borne sound signals generated on the housing are analysed. By the arrangement of vibration damping elements a decoupling of the sensor device, in particular a decoupling of the housing, from the wheel arch is reached. A more precise detection of the structure-borne sound signals caused by the spraywater droplets on the housing is enabled, because there is no overlay with the structure-borne sound signals caused on the wheel arch.
In a development of the invention, the flat constructed housing area of the housing is arranged in the wheel arch facing a running surface of a wheel and the sensor device is arranged counter to the direction of travel of the vehicle behind the wheel. The flat constructed housing area is provided so that spray water that is thrown up impacts onto the housing area and that vibrations are excited in the housing area. When travelling straight on in particular, the spray water is thrown up on the side of the tyre facing away from the direction of travel. In order to detect this spray water, the sensor device is arranged in a wheel arch in such a manner that the flat constructed housing area faces a running surface of a wheel. A portion of the spray water droplets thrown up by the running surface of the wheel impact onto the flat constructed housing area and generate structure-borne sound signals on the same, which are detected by the structure-borne sound sensor.
In a development of the invention, the flat constructed area of the sensor device is inserted into an opening in a wheel arch at least in certain sections, the housing has a lateral protrusion, the lateral protrusion of the housing forms an overlap with the wheel arch and the connecting means is arranged between the wheel arch and the lateral protrusion. Because the lateral protrusion forms an overlap with the edge region of the opening of the wheel arch, the housing can easily be inserted into the opening of the wheel arch. A connecting means is arranged between the lateral protrusion of the housing and the wheel arch. In particular, the connecting means is a vibration-damping adhesive connection, for example in the form of a foamed plastic. The foamed plastic can be constructed to be flat and provided with an adhesive film on both sides, so that a simple mounting of the housing in the opening of the wheel arch is enabled. Preferably, the dimensions, particularly the distance between the flat constructed area and the lateral protrusion along the side wall, are chosen in such a manner that the distance corresponds to the wall thickness of the wheel arch, so that the flat constructed area in the installed state is flush to the inner wall of the wheel arch.
In a development of the invention, the sensor device is arranged in the region of the wheel arch which is close to the roadway. The wheel arch surrounds the wheel of a vehicle at least in certain sections. Preferably, the sensor device is arranged in the region of the base plate of the vehicle, that is to say in the region of the wheel arch which is close to the roadway. A large portion of the spray water thrown up by the tyres is to be expected in this area. Due to the arrangement in this region close to the roadway, a sufficiently good detection of spray water is to be expected even in the case of low wetting of the roadway surface.
In an embodiment of the invention, the sensor device is connected to the wheel arch by means of an adhesive connection and the adhesive connection is constructed in a vibration damping manner. By using an adhesive connection, a particularly simple, cost-effective and time-saving option for mounting the sensor device in a wheel arch results. Because the adhesive connection has vibration damping properties, the transmission of vibrations, which arise during driving of the vehicle, to the sensor device is reduced. For example, an elastic adhesive can be used for this, wherein the adhesive connection has a satisfactory strength in order to achieve the damping properties. Due to the vibration-damped mounting, the electronic components of the sensor device are protected, so that the susceptibility of the sensor device to faults is reduced.
A further aspect of the invention relates to a sensor device for detecting moisture on a roadway of a vehicle, comprising, a housing having at least one flat housing area, the housing being constructed as a resonant body and the housing being provided for mounting in a wheel arch of the vehicle, at least one structure-borne sound sensor arranged in the housing area of the housing and at least one connecting means assigned to the housing for producing a connection between the housing and the wheel arch, the at least one connecting means being constructed to be vibration damping, at least in certain sections, and constructed for receiving a decoupling of the sensor device and the wheel arch, wherein the at least one connecting means is constructed for producing a connection between the housing and the wheel arch and wherein the structure-borne sound sensor is configured to detect only structure-borne sound signals caused by impacting moisture droplets on the housing. In particular only the structure-borne sound signals generated on the housing are analysed. By the arrangement of vibration damping elements a decoupling of the sensor device, in particular of the housing, from the wheel arch is reached. A more precise detection of the structure-borne sound signals caused by the spraywater droplets an the housing is enabled, because there is no overlay with the structure-borne sound signals caused on the wheel arch.
In a development of the invention, the sensor device has a resonance frequency of approximately 5 kHz. The Sensor device, in particular the flat area of the sensor device, has a resonance frequency of approximately 5 kHz. By this resonance frequency a precise measurement of the vibration on the flat area of the housing is enabled. In particular even the structure-borne sound signals caused by small impacting moisture droplets from a low moisture level on the roadway on the flat area of the housing could be detected with high precision.
In a development of the invention, a transmission of structure borne sound signals between the housing of the sensor device and the wheel arch of the vehicle is prevented by the arrangement of the vibration damping connecting means. By the arranged damping elements, a transmission of the structure borne sound signals from the wheel arch to the housing is prevented. Consequently a sole detection of the structure borne sound signals caused by the moisture droplets impacting on the housing without an overlay with the vibrations caused on the wheel arch is possible. This enables a more precise detection of the moisture level on the roadway.
A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for detecting moisture on a roadway of a vehicle, using a sensor device comprising: a housing having at least one flat housing area, the housing being constructed as a resonant body and the housing being provided for mounting in a wheel arch of the vehicle; at least one structure-borne sound sensor arranged in the housing area of the housing; and at least one connecting means assigned to the housing for producing a connection between the housing and the wheel arch, the at least one connecting means being constructed to be vibration damping, at least in certain sections, and constructed for receiving a decoupling of the sensor device and the wheel arch, wherein the at least one connecting means is constructed for producing a connection between the housing and the wheel arch, measuring structure-borne sound signals caused by impacting moisture droplets thrown up from the roadway only on the housing, analyzing the structure-borne sound signals caused only on the housing, drawing conclusion about the moisture on the roadway from the analyzed structure-borne sound signals caused only on the housing.
Structure-borne sound signals, vibrations in particular, can be detected on a body by means of a structure-borne sound sensor. The vibrations may for example be created by impacting water droplets or spray water droplets. Spray water thrown up by a tyre can be detected via these vibrations by means of a structure-borne sound sensor and a conclusion of the level of moisture on the roadway can be drawn. The structure-borne sound sensor is arranged in a housing, wherein the housing has at least one housing area which is constructed flat. This housing area is preferably provided so that water droplets, particularly spray water droplets thrown up from the roadway, impact onto this area. The spray water droplets induce vibrations in the flat constructed housing area, which vibrations propagate as a structure-borne sound signal on the flat constructed housing area and therefore on the entire housing. The structure-borne sound sensor has a structure-borne-sound-signal-conducting connection to the flat constructed housing area. Thus, the vibrations generated by the impact of the spray water droplets can be detected by the structure-borne sound sensor. The housing has a cavity, so that the housing forms a resonant body. The formation of a resonant body causes an amplification of the vibrations and thus of the structure-borne sound signals. The amplification of the structure-borne sound signals enables an improved detection of the structure-borne sound signals and therefore an improved detection of the impact events causing the structure-borne sound signals. By analysing the structure-born sound signals, it is possible for example to draw a conclusion about the number of impacting spray water droplets and it is possible to draw a conclusion about the state of wetness of the roadway from that. The housing is provided for mounting in a wheel arch of a vehicle. In the case of mounting in a wheel arch of a vehicle, it is possible, particularly on the interior lining of a wheel arch, for the flat constructed area of the housing to be aligned in such a manner that spray water droplets, which are thrown up by the front tyres for example, impact onto the flat housing area. The connecting means can in this case be constructed in such a manner that the connecting means has a damping action with respect to the vibrations or oscillations transmitted from the vehicle to the sensor device. Therefore, decoupling between the vehicle and the sensor device is achieved. By the arranged damping elements, a transmission of the structure borne sound signals from the wheel arch to the housing is prevented. Thus a sole detection of the structure borne sound signals generated on the housing is enabled. The structure borne sound signals generated on the wheel arch are not detected by the sensor device. An overlay of the structure borne sound signals propagating on the wheel arch with the structure borne sound signals on the flat housing area is prevented by the damping elements. By the detection of the structure borne sound signals only on the housing propagating, a more precise analysis and determination of the level of moisture on the roadway is possible. Even smaller spray water droplets from a slight moisture level on the roadway can be detected, because the vibrations on the housing are not overlaid by the vibrations of the wheel arch.
In a development of the invention a transmission of structure borne sound signals between the housing of the sensor device and the wheel arch of the vehicle is prevented by the arrangement of the vibration damping connection means. By the prevention of an overlay of the vibrations on the housing with the vibrations spreading on the wheel arch, a more precise analysis of the vibrations caused by impacting spray water droplets on the housing is possible. Even slight vibrations caused by small spray water droplets from a low level of moisture on the roadway could be detected.
In a development of the invention the sensor device has a resonance frequency of approximately 5 kHz. The sensor device used for the detection of spray water droplets, in particular the flat area of the housing, has a resonance frequency of 5 kHz. This resonance frequency is in the range of the frequencies of the structure borne sound signals generated by impacting spray water droplets on the housing. Due to the proximity of the resonance frequency of the housing and the frequency of the structure borne sound signals even impacts of small droplets can be detected.
The invention is explained further below with reference to an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the drawing. In detail, in the schematic illustrations:
In
In
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An alternative embodiment of the invention is illustrated in
All of the features mentioned in the preceding description and in the claims can be combined in any desired selection with the features of the independent claims. The disclosure of the invention is therefore not limited to the described or claimed feature combinations, rather all sensible feature combinations in the context of the invention are to be considered as disclosed.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102016002343.0 | Feb 2016 | DE | national |
This application is a Continuation-in-Part of co-pending application Ser. No. 15/443,719, filed on Feb. 27, 2017, for which priority is claimed under 35 U.S.C. § 120; and this application claims priority of Application No. 102016002343.0 filed in Germany on Feb. 29, 2016 under 35 U.S.C. § 119; the entire contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15443719 | Feb 2017 | US |
| Child | 17150638 | US |
