FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure pertains to separating machines, for example, grain separators, and more particularly to trommel cleaning apparatuses employed therein.
BACKGROUND
Separating machines, for example, grain separators, are typically used to separate a stream of grain containing various types and sizes of grain into its constituent parts, for example, wheat, durum, oats, barley and rice, and/or to separate such grains from other seed contaminants. These machines may employ a rotating member, or trommel, into which a stream of particulate matter is fed, and whose sidewall has a plurality of specifically sized apertures; the apertures allow passage of those particles whose size fits through the apertures; the particles, such as seed corn, barley, oats, etc., is thus sorted according to size. A trommel can alternatively be referred to as a “precision sizer.”
The efficiency of sorting operations carried out by a trommel can be significantly compromised when particles which are just slightly greater in size than the trommel apertures become stuck in the apertures. Thus, many separating machines include a trommel cleaning apparatus, which is mounted alongside the trommel and contacts the sidewall of the rotating trommel in order to force the stuck particles out from the apertures. One such apparatus is shown in FIG. 1A. FIG. 1A is a front elevation view inside a portion of a separating machine 800, which includes a trommel 80 that is located between a first sidewall 111 and a second sidewall 112 of a framework of machine 800, and a trommel cleaning apparatus 85, which likewise is located between first and second sidewalls 111, 112. Cleaning apparatus 85 is shown including cleaning elements 155, mounted on a shaft 850, alongside trommel 80, in order to contact a sidewall of trommel 80, as trommel 80 is rotated, and to thereby force stuck particles out from the apertures in the sidewall. The operation of machine 800, and the design of cleaning apparatus 85, is described in greater detail in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,233, pertinent portions of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following drawings are illustrative of particular embodiments of the invention and therefore do not limit the scope of the invention. The drawings are not to scale (unless so stated) and are intended for use in conjunction with the explanations in the following detailed description. Embodiments of the invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawings, wherein like numerals denote like elements.
FIG. 1A is a front elevation view inside a portion of a separating machine.
FIG. 1B is an exploded perspective view of a portion of a trommel cleaning apparatus, which is employed by the machine shown in FIG. 1A, and portions of which may be employed by embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of a portion of a separating machine, with a front panel removed, according to some embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 3A is a front elevation view of a portion of a separating machine, with a front panel removed and including a powered driver assembly, according to some embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 3B is an end view of the separating machine shown in FIG. 3A.
FIG. 3C is a schematic top view of a portion of the machine shown in FIGS. 3A-B, according to some embodiments.
FIGS. 4A-B are schematics showing first and second positions, respectively, of a trommel cleaning apparatus, according to some embodiments of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way. Rather, the following description provides practical illustrations for implementing exemplary embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1B is an exploded perspective view of a portion of trommel cleaning apparatus 85, which is employed by machine 800, previously introduced, and portions of which may be employed by embodiments of the invention. FIG. 1B illustrates cleaning element 155 including a core 250, for mounting around shaft 850, and a plurality of flexible flappers 205 extending from core 250; each flapper 205 includes a first side 21 and a second side 22. Flapper first side 21 is located for cleaning contact with trommel 80 (FIG. 1), or with a trommel 10, shown in FIG. 2, and flapper second side 22 is located opposite first side 21.
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of a portion of a separating machine 100, with a front panel removed, according to some embodiments of the invention. FIG. 2 illustrates trommel 10 mounted within sidewall 111 of machine 100, and, extending along a rotational axis A thereof. It should be understood that, machine 100 has a framework similar to machine 800 (FIG. 1A), and that trommel 10 is located between first sidewall 111 and second sidewall 112, which is not shown in FIG. 2, but is illustrated in FIG. 1A. Trommel 10 may be mounted and rotated within machine 100 according to the teachings of aforementioned U.S. Patent '233, which has been incorporated by reference.
FIG. 2 further illustrates a trommel cleaning apparatus 15 mounted alongside trommel 10 and including a shaft 150 on which cleaning elements 155 are mounted. With reference back to FIG. 1B, in conjunction with FIG. 2, it may be appreciated that cleaning elements 155 rotate, per arrow C, when trommel is rotated, per arrow B, and first side 21 of each flexible flapper 205 of each of elements 155 contacts the surface of trommel 10 with a cleaning contact force to dislodge stuck particles from the apertures in the sidewall of trommel 10.
According to embodiments of the invention, cleaning apparatus 15 is adjustable within machine 100 such that at least two cleaning contact forces may be applied to trommel 10, via flappers 205 of cleaning elements 155. In some sorting applications, particles may have sizes causing them to be stuck with a greater force within the apertures of trommel 10, thus, a larger cleaning force is required to remove the stuck particles.
According to the illustrated embodiment, a carrier guide 121 supports cleaning apparatus 15 to allow cleaning apparatus 15 to be moved, per double headed arrow Y, from a first position, in which a first cleaning force is applied by cleaning elements 155, to a second position, in which a second cleaning force is applied by cleaning elements 155. FIG. 2 further illustrates cleaning assembly 15 biased in one of the first and second positions by an optional spring member 270, so that cleaning apparatus 15 must be either pushed or pulled against the force of member 270, to move apparatus 15 from one of the first and second positions to the other. Although FIG. 2 shows only carrier guide 121 and optional spring member 270 mounted to sidewall 111, it should be understood that, according to some embodiments, another carrier guide 121 and another optional spring member 270 are mounted to the opposing sidewall 112 (FIG. 1A) to support cleaning apparatus 15 at either end; also, according to alternate embodiments, one or more carrier guides and/or spring members could be located to support cleaning assembly 15 near a central portion, between either end thereof.
FIG. 3A is a front elevation view of a portion of a separating machine 100′, with a front panel removed, according to some embodiments of the invention; and FIG. 3B is an end view of machine 100′. FIGS. 3A-B illustrate machine 100′ including a driver assembly 30, which is adapted to move cleaning apparatus 15 between the aforementioned first and second positions without requiring an operator to exert significant manual force. Such embodiments are useful for easily moving the cleaning apparatus between the first and second positions. In some embodiments, the driver assembly 30 includes a powered driver assembly, and the embodiment shown includes a piston 310, for example, pneumatic, a linkage assembly 325, coupled to piston 310, a cam shaft 320, coupled to linkage assembly 325, and a lever arm 330, driven by a cam 322 mounted on cam shaft 320. Powered driver assembly 30 may be operated locally or remotely from machine 100′. According to the illustrated embodiment of the powered driver assembly, cleaning apparatus 15 is moved, for example, per arrow Y (FIG. 2), by changing a pressure in piston 310; the change in pressure raises or lowers a linkage coupling 315 of piston 310 to drive first and second linkage arms 301, 302; second linkage arm 302, being fixedly coupled to cam shaft 320, thus rotates cam 322 to raise or lower an end of lever arm 330. With reference to FIG. 3C, which is a schematic top view of a portion of machine 100′, according to some embodiments, a first end 341 of lever arm 330 engages with cam 322, and a second end 342 of lever arm 330 engages with shaft 150 of cleaning assembly 15, for example, as illustrated in FIGS. 4A-B. In other embodiments, the driver assembly 30 includes a manual driver assembly, in which the piston is replaced by a lever arm that allows the operator to manually drive the linkage assembly as described herein.
FIGS. 4A-B are schematics showing first and second positions 41, 42, respectively, of cleaning apparatus 15, as affected by positions of lever arm 330, according to some embodiments of the invention. With reference back to FIG. 2, according to some embodiments, carrier guide 121 constrains movement of cleaning apparatus 15, between first and second positions 41, 42, to a certain direction of movement. For example, the carrier guide 121 may constrain the movement of the cleaning apparatus 15 to a substantially straight line (e.g., generally vertical) as the cleaning apparatus travels between the first and second positions. FIGS. 4A-B illustrate a protruding pin 332 extending from second end 342 of lever arm 330 for contact with shaft 150 of cleaning apparatus 15. FIG. 4A illustrates first end 341 of lever arm 330 resting on cam 322 in a lower position such that pin 332 does not contact or push against shaft 150 of cleaning apparatus 15 and, thus, cleaning element 155 is located a distance d1 from trommel 10, to define first position 41 of cleaning apparatus 15. In this first position, note that the flexible flapper 205 has a relatively uncompressed shape. FIG. 4B illustrates first end 341 of lever arm 330 raised by cam 322, such that pin 332 contacts and pushes against shaft 150 to move cleaning apparatus 15 into second position 42; cleaning element 155 is shown located a distance d2, which is less than d1, to define second position 42 of cleaning apparatus 15. Note that in this second position, the flexible flapper 205 has a relatively compressed shape compared to the first position. This relatively compressed shape applies a greater cleaning force to the trommel 10. According to an exemplary embodiment, a difference between d1 and d2 is approximately one quarter of an inch. With further reference to FIGS. 4A-B, it may be appreciated that a greater cleaning force is applied to trommel 10 by each cleaning element 155 in second position 42, since flappers 205 are ‘compressed’, or bent more tightly around core 250, when first sides 21 thereof come into contact with rotating trommel 10. Thus, according to methods of the invention, a cleaning contact force between each cleaning element 155 of cleaning apparatus 15 and rotating trommel 10 may be adjusted: either increased by moving cleaning apparatus 15 from first position 41 to second position, or decreased by moving cleaning apparatus 15 from second position 42 to first position 41.
Referring back to FIG. 3C, in conjunction with FIGS. 4A-B, optional spring member 270, which was introduced in conjunction with FIG. 2, is shown coupled to cleaning apparatus shaft 150 in order to bias cleaning apparatus 15 in one of first and second positions 41, 42. According to some embodiments, spring member 270 biases cleaning assembly 15 in first position 41, and lever arm 330, pushes against the force of spring 270, via protruding pin 332, to move cleaning apparatus 15 into second position 42.
In the foregoing detailed description, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, it may be appreciated that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. For example, a particular design of cleaning elements for a trommel cleaning apparatus has been described, but various other designs of cleaning elements, which are known to those skilled in the art, could be employed by trommel cleaning apparatuses in separating machines of the invention. Furthermore, although powered driver assembly 30 has been described herein, in conjunction with FIGS. 3A-C, it should be noted that alternative powered driver assemblies, for example, including one or more elements of assembly 30 in combination with any other elements known to those skilled in the art, may be employed to move a trommel cleaning apparatus between the first and second positions, according to alternate embodiments of the invention.
Patent Application
20080128335
