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The present invention relates to septic tanks and aerobic treatment tanks. More particularly, the present invention relates to the discharge of liquids from the tank to a gravity-flow drainfield. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for controlling the level of the liquid within the septic tank or aerobic treatment tank.
Conventional septic tanks and gravity-flow drainfields have been used to treat and dispose of domestic wastewater from homes and small commercials establishments successfully for years. It is still the preferred method of choice even though it has several problems and shortcomings.
Conventional septic tanks use anaerobic bacteria to treat the wastewater both in the septic tank and in the drainfield. The majority of the treatment is accomplished in the drainfield. Anaerobic bacteria attach themselves to the soil interface on the bottom and side walls of the drainfield. This is where the final treatment of the wastewater effluent occurs before entering the environment or groundwater. As the anaerobic bacteria attach themselves to the soil interface and start treating the wastewater, they form or grow a biomat or scum. This biomat also starts to plug the soil interface. After a number of years, enough of the soil is plugged such that wastewater starts to back up into the septic tank. This process occurs over several years. During this period or process, homeowners are faced with drainage issues such as an inability to flush a commode, slow drains, gurgling sounds, along with tubs and showers that do not drain. This is a big problem for homeowners. A homeowner can spend hundreds or thousands of dollars having their septic tank pumped out in an attempt to alleviate the problem. Since it is the ground water and drainfield that is clogged, the problem does not lie in the septic tank but rather in the drainfield. As such, any attempt to pump out and remove material or liquid from the septic tank will have minimal benefit to the long-term operation of the septic tank.
Since the transfer line 36 discharges the liquid by gravity into the drainfield 40, the wastewater effluent is absorbed or percolated into the soil of the drainfield 40. The effluent will receive treatment at the soil interface as the biomat forms. Ultimately, the effluent wastewater will percolate to groundwater.
So as to accommodate those problems associated with the clogging of the drainfield 40, the prior art has envisioned the installation of a pump tank 44 (illustrated by the system 46 in
Pump tank 44 has a pump 58 at the bottom thereof. As such, the pump 58 will take the effluent wastewater 60 within the interior of pump tank 44 and pass the liquid along line 62 to the drainfield pipe 64. A check valve 66 can be included along the discharge line 62 so as to prevent any backflow of liquid into the pump 58. A level switch 67 is cooperative at the pump 58 and floats with the level of the water 69 in the pump tank 44. As such, when the level 69 reaches a desired level, the float switch 67 will move so as to activate the pump 58 so as to deliver the wastewater effluent, under pressure, into the drainfield line 64.
In the system 46, wastewater flows from the building 48 and gravity flows through the septic tank 54 and into the pump tank 44. The pump 58 works with a level control switch so as to discharge the effluent into the drainfield 68. As the effluent gravity flows down the drainfield 68, it will absorb or percolate into the soil. The pump tanks 44 are used with the gravity-flow drainfields when the drainfield is at a higher elevation than the septic tank 54. Virtually all of the septic tanks and drainfields are installed in the manner described in
One of the benefits of having the pump tank 44 with a gravity-flow septic tank 54 and a drainfield 68 is that the level in the septic tank 54 is always maintained at the normal operating level even during the last several years of the life of the drainfield. This system eliminates household issues such as the inability to flush the commode, slow drains.
Of course, one of the major problems associated with the system 46 of
In the past, various patents and patent application publications have issued with respect to septic tank pumps. In particular, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0224577, published on Sep. 9, 2010 to E. S. Ball, describes the treatment of wastewater by receiving wastewater having a reduced concentration of heavy solids into a secondary container space and allowing the heavy solids to distribute into a lower horizontal sludge layer, and upper horizontal scum layer, and a relatively clear horizontal layer of liquid therebetween. The liquid flows from the relatively clear layer to at least one filter element enclosed in the housing. The top of the filter element is submerged below the wastewater level of the secondary containment space. The filtered effluent thereafter flows out of the housing.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,492,635, issued on Feb. 20, 1996 to E. S. Ball, shows a septic tank effluent filtering method. A mesh screen filter is immersed in wastewater having a concentration of waste solids which have been allowed to distribute into a scum layer and a sludge layer with a horizontal layer of liquid therebetween. The filter is surrounded with the housing. The interior surface of the housing is exposed to the horizontal layer of liquid through a plurality of apertures in the housing. Liquid from the horizontal layer flows through the apertures into the housing and thereafter the liquid flows from one side of the filter to an opposite side thereof through a mesh screen filtering surface area greater than the interior surface area of the housing. Thereafter, the liquid flows through a liquid effluent outlet of the container.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,480,561, issued on Jan. 2, 1996 to Ball et al., describes a method and apparatus for treating wastewater in a recirculating filter. Solids are removed from the wastewater by gravitational separation and the wastewater is flowed to a tank. At least a portion of the wastewater is flowed from the tank to a filter. The filter is comprised of filter media. The wastewater flows through the filter media in order to produce a filtrate. The amount of wastewater in the tank is sensed. When the amount of wastewater sensed is at least a predetermined amount, a fraction of the filtrate is returned to the tank. When the amount of wastewater is less than the predetermined amount, more than the fraction of filtrate is returned to the tank by decreasing resistance to flow of the filtrate to the tank. The apparatus includes a tank and a filter connected by a conduit for conducting liquid from the tank to the filter. A conduit assembly connects a filter outlet and a discharge conduit for conducting liquid from the filter to the discharge conduit.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,372,137, issued on Apr. 16, 2002 to T. R. Bounds, shows a wastewater treatment system for maximizing effluent quality. The wastewater treatment system includes a septic tank which flows substantially all of the liquid effluent through an aerobic filter having a filter medium to produce a nitrified filtrate of reduced biological oxygen demand and total suspended solids. The majority of the filtrate is returned to the septic tank for denitrification followed by further recirculation through the anaerobic filter. All permanent discharge of effluent from the system is in the form of filtrate from an aerobic filter. Permanent discharge of effluent directly from the septic tank is prevented.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,793,386, issued on Dec. 27, 1988 to E. H. Sloan, discloses a portable submersible pump to mix and fluidized waste material in a septic tank. It then pumps it into a truck-mounted holding tank to recirculate in the holding tank during transport. It also discharges at a disposal site. The apparatus has a truck-mounted holding tank having tank inlet and outlet ports, a portable hydraulically driven submersible pump detachably mounted on the truck, and a truck-mounted motor-driven hydraulic pump for operating the portable pump. A waste hose is wound on a truck-mounted reel. In operation, the portable pump is disposed along side or in the septic tank and pumps a stream of pressurized fluid from the septic tank.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,985,139, issued on Nov. 16, 1999 to K. E. Zoeller, describes a septic tank pump and filter system for filtering effluent in a septic tank. The system includes a filter housing with sides. The filtering system is secured within a filter housing. A vertical tubular element is secured to the outside of the filter housing in communication with unfiltered effluent from within the septic system and with an opening in the bottom or side of the filter housing. A pump serves to pump filtered effluent through the filtering system. A check valve is secured within the bottom of the filter housing.
The present inventors developed an apparatus for converting a septic tank into an aerobic treatment system. This was described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/551,005, filed on Aug. 26, 2019. This apparatus converts the septic tank into an aerobic treatment system by having a clarifier with a collapsible wall which allows the clarifier to fold in order to pass into the opening of the septic tank and to unfold upon entry into the septic tank. An aerator having a size suitable for passing through the opening in the septic tank will be positioned between the wall of the clarifier and the wall of the septic tank. An air pump is connected to the aerator so as to pass air to the aerator. The clarifier has an opening at a bottom thereof having a diameter no greater than a diameter of the top of the clarifier. The effluent outlet pipe is received in an aperture formed in the wall of the clarifier.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that delays the plugging of the soil interface of the drainfield.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that avoids backup in the septic tank or aerobic treatment tank.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control device that does away with drainage issues for buildings.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control device that avoids unnecessary pumping and removal of liquid from septic tank or aerobic treatment tank.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that effectively and efficiently controls the level of water in septic tank or aerobic treatment tank during the life of the drainfield.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that avoids unnecessary excavations and the installation of additional tanks.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that avoids damage to the landscape around the wastewater treatment system.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control device that maintains a constant normal level of liquid in the septic tank or aerobic treatment tank.
It is further object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that reduces the cost of equipment and installation.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that avoids the early installation of new drainfields.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that prevents backflow into the septic tank or aerobic treatment tank.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system that can be used with aerobic treatment and anaerobic treatment.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from a reading of the attached specification and appended claims.
The present invention is a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system. This septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control system includes a tank adapted to be connected to a sewage outlet of a building, a transfer line connected to an outlet of the tank, a drainfield distribution unit connected to the transfer line and adapted to discharging liquid into the drainfield, a pump positioned in the tank, a discharge line connected to the pump and connected to the outlet of the tank, and a level switch operatively connected to the pump. The tank has an interior volume adapted to receive sewage from the sewage outlet line. The transfer line is adapted to extend to the drainfield. The drainfield distribution unit can be either a multi-orifice pipe or a leaching chamber. The multi-orifice pipe would have a plurality of openings adapted to discharge liquid into the drainfield. The transfer line is adapted to pass the liquid under pressure from the pump through the outlet of the tank and into the drainfield distribution unit. The level switch activates the pump when the liquid in the tank reaches a first level and deactivates the pump when the level of liquid in the tank reaches a second level. The first level will be higher than the second level.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tank is a septic tank or aerobic treatment tank. This septic tank can be used for anaerobic treatment. However, with modifications as described hereinabove, the septic tank can be used for aerobic treatment. The tank will have first compartment and a second compartment. The second compartment receives the liquid from the first compartment when a level of the sewage in the first compartment reaches a preset elevation. The first compartment is connected by a pipe to the second compartment. The pump is positioned in the second compartment. The discharge line extends to the pump within the second compartment. The second compartment also has access riser and the lid of the top thereof. The access and lid allow access to an interior of the second compartment of the septic tank. A bracket is affixed to at least one of the access riser and the lid. The discharge line is received by the bracket.
A flow orifice is affixed to or positioned within the discharge line. The flow orifice is adapted to restrict a flow rate of the liquid to the drainfield distribution unit. The discharge line extends upwardly from the pump so as to have a portion adjacent the top of the tank. The discharge line extends downwardly from this portion to the outlet of the tank. The discharge line has a check valve therein. The check valve prevents a flow of the liquid through the discharge line to the pump.
The level switch is, in the preferred embodiment, a float switch. However, a wide variety of other devices can be used as a level switch, such as level sensors, timers, gauges, and similar devices. When a float switch is used, the float switch will have a portion adapted to float on the liquid in the tank. The float switch is adapted to move between the first level and the second level of the liquid in the tank. The outlet of the tank is positioned a distance above the bottom of the tank and an opposite side of the tank from the inlet of the tank. The outlet of the tank has a vertical distance between the bottom of the an interior diameter of the outlet and a top of the interior diameter of the outlet. The first level is along the vertical distance above the bottom of the inner diameter of the outlet. The second level is at the bottom of the inner diameter of the outlet.
The pump has an inlet positioned in the tank. The pump has a filter over the inlet of the pump. The filter is adapted to prevent particles above a desired size from entering the pump inlet. The pump and the filter can be received within the interior of a vault. The vault is positioned in the tank and supports the pump a desired distance above a bottom of the tank. The vault has at least one opening whereby the liquid in the tank flows therethrough into the filter to the inlet of the pump.
The present invention can also include a drainfield in which the drainfield distribution unit is received. The drainfield distribution unit will be positioned below a grade of the drainfield. A sewage line can be connected to the inlet of the tank. The sewage line can be connected to a toilet or other drain within the building. The drainfield distribution unit can be either a multi-orifice pipe or a leaching chamber.
This foregoing Section is intended to describe, with particularity, the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It is understood that modifications to these preferred embodiments can be made within the scope of the present claims. As such, this Section should not to be construed, in any way, as limiting of the broad scope of the present invention. The present invention should only be limited by the following claims and their legal equivalents.
Importantly, the present invention places a pump 90 in the interior of the second compartment 84. Pump 90 is connected to a discharge line 92. Discharge line 92 extends upwardly from pump 90 so as to ultimately have an upper portion received by a bracket 94 located at the access riser 96 of the septic tank 80. Another portion of the discharge line 92 extends downwardly so as to connect with the outlet 98 of the tank 80. A check valve 100 and a level switch 102 are positioned within the second compartment 84. Check valve 100 will prevent the back flow of water through the discharge line 92 toward the pump 90. The level switch 102 is illustrated as a float switch and will generally have a portion residing at the level 104 of the liquid within the second compartment 84.
The discharge line 92 will be connected to the outlet 98 and to the transfer line 106. Transfer line 106 will be connected to the drainfield distribution unit 111. The drainfield distribution unit 111 can be either a multi-orifice pipe or a leaching chamber. The transfer line 106 can be in the nature of a solid pipe (without holes or orifices). The drainfield distribution unit 106 extends below grade 108 of drainfield 110. Drainfield distribution unit 106 has a plurality of openings 112 formed therein. These openings 112 will allow the liquid pass outwardly of the drainfield distribution unit 106 and into the drainfield 110.
In
It is important in the present invention that the pump 90 continues to deliver a relatively small amount of liquid every time the pump 90 is activated. If the pump were activated so as to deliver a large volume of liquid, such as removing a substantial volume of the liquid from the second compartment 84. This would not be a desired result. As such, in the present invention, it is important to control the amount of liquid that is discharged into the drainfield distribution unit 111. Additionally, it is important to control the flow rate of the liquid through the discharge pipe 92 and into the transfer line 106. A flow orifice 114 is positioned on or within the discharge pipe 92 so as to limit the flow rate of liquid to the drainfield distribution unit 111. The flow orifice serves to control flow so that the quiescent zone of the septic tank or the clarifier of an aerobic system is not disturbed and so as to avoid pulling unnecessary solids into the filter or pump.
In order to install the septic tank level control device of the present invention, the lid on the access riser 96 is removed and the discharge pipe can be placed on the bracket 94. The discharge pipe 92 and the pump 90 will simply extend downwardly for a desired distance. Since the upper portion of the discharge pipe 92 is adjacent to the opening of the access riser 96, installation can be achieved in a quick and efficient manner Servicing can be easily performed because of the arrangement.
The septic tank or aerobic treatment tank level control device includes the pump 90, the bracket 94, the check valve 100, the level switch 102 and the flow orifice 114. It also includes the discharge pipe 92 which is connected to the outlet 98 of the septic tank 80. Upon installation, the septic tank level control device maintains a constant normal level in the septic tank 80 while discharging the effluent into the gravity-flow drainfield 110. As necessary, the level of the drainfield rises and the upper level of the drainfield receives the effluent so as to resume soil absorption or percolation. As such, the present invention solves the problem of not being able to flush commodes and the problems associated with slow drains. All of this is installed without the expense of excavating, purchasing and installing a pump tank and associated equipment, and damage to the landscaping.
Before the present invention, the only immediate level control options that a homeowner had was to install a pump tank (such as shown in
In
The pump 204 is to be positioned in the septic tank between the upper scum level and the bottom sludge level. The final compartment of the septic tank is the preferred location. However, the pump 204 could work in any compartment or in a single compartment.
The level control switch 206 turns the pump 204 on and off in order to control the level in the septic tank within the normal operating range. Although the float 208 is the preferred embodiment of the level switch 206 of the present invention, a variety of devices, such as sensors, timers or a combination of devices could also be used. Once the level switch 206 turns the pump on, the clarified effluent is pulled into the inlet of the pump 204 and discharged through a check valve 210. This prevents backflow when the pump 204 is in the off position.
The effluent then travels through the discharge pipe 202 and through a flow orifice 212. The flow orifice 212 is designed to control the flow and, as a result, not disturb the quiescent clarified zone of the septic tank. This protects the pump 204 and the drainfield from unnecessary solids. Although a flow orifice is the preferred technique, various other devices could be used so as to control flow.
The discharge pipe 202 is connected by cap 214 to the outlet pipe of or within the septic tank. As such, it discharges effluent into the gravity flow drainfield through the outlet pipe and into the drainfield distribution unit.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, there are several products on the market that convert septic tanks from an anaerobic environment to aerobic environment. The septic tank level control system of the present invention works equally well with septic tanks or aerobic treatment tanks.
The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention is illustrative and explanatory thereof. Various changes in the details of the illustrated construction can be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the true spirit of the invention. The present invention should only be limited by the following claims and their legal equivalents.
The present application claims priority pursuant to Subsection 12004(a) of the CARES Act and 37 C.F.R. § 1.83 priority to prior-filed U.S. Patent Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/871,428, filed on Jul. 8, 2019 and entitled “Septic Tank Level Control Device”.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62871428 | Jul 2019 | US |