1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally pertains to downhole service tools, and more particularly to a device and method for diverting flow exiting downhole service tools.
2. Description of the Related Art
It is known within the oil and gas industry to inject a variety of fluids or slurries into a downhole well through the use of a service tool connected to a service string. An example of such a service tool can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,029,644 issued on Jul. 9, 1991 to Szarka et al. Prior service tools are deficient, however, in that they are prone to being eroded by the exiting fluid, which erosion thereby shortens the life of the service tool. As will become apparent from the following description and discussion, however, the present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the previous devices and constitutes an improved and more efficient service tool for use in injecting fluids and slurries into a downhole well.
In a broad aspect, the present invention is a service tool comprising: a body having an interior passageway, an exterior, and at least one exit port, the at least one exit port providing fluid communication between the interior passageway and the exterior of the body, the at least one exit port being shaped to induce a predefined flow pattern to fluid exiting the exit port. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the predefined flow pattern is circular. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the body further includes at least one diverting channel adapted to induce the predefined flow pattern. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel defines a helical flow path. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel extends downwardly from a longitudinal axis of the tool to the exterior of the body. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel is a trough. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel includes a gradually-decreasing width from a first width at an upper end thereof to a relatively smaller second width at the exterior of the body.
In some embodiments the present invention provides a service tool comprising a body having an interior passageway, an exterior, at least one exit port, and at least one diverting channel, the at least one exit port providing fluid communication between the interior passageway and the exterior of the body, the at least one diverting channel being shaped to induce a predefined flow pattern to fluid exiting the exit port. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel is a helical trough. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the predefined flow pattern is circular. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel extends downwardly from a longitudinal axis of the tool to the exterior of the body. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel includes a gradually-decreasing width from a first width at an upper end thereof to a relatively smaller second width at the exterior of the body.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of reducing erosion of a downhole tool, comprising flowing fluid from an interior passageway of the tool to an exterior of the tool through an exit port in the tool; and inducing a predetermined flow pattern to the fluid exiting the exit port. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is flowing the fluid along a diverting channel. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel is a helical trough. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel extends downwardly from a longitudinal axis of the tool to the exterior of the tool. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is that the diverting channel includes a gradually-decreasing width from a first width at an upper end thereof to a relatively smaller second width at the exterior of the tool. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is flowing the fluid along a helical path. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is inducing a rotational flow pattern to the exiting fluid. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is inducing a helical flow pattern to the exiting fluid. Another feature of this aspect of the invention is flowing the fluid along a trough in the tool.
In another embodiment, the present invention comprises providing fluid to a service tool via a service string, wherein the service tool comprises a body having an interior passageway, an exterior, and at least one exit port, the at least one exit port providing fluid communication between the interior passageway and the exterior of the body, the at least one exit port being shaped to induce a predefined flow pattern to fluid exiting the exit port; and injecting the fluid into the wellbore through the at least one exit port. In some embodiments, the invention may further comprise flowing the fluid along a diverting channel. The diverting channel may be a helical trough. In some embodiments, the diverting channel extends downwardly from a longitudinal axis of the tool to the exterior of the tool. In some embodiments, the diverting channel includes a gradually-decreasing width from a first width at an upper end thereof to a relatively smaller second width at the exterior of the tool. Embodiments of the present invention further comprise flowing the fluid along a helical path. Embodiments of the present invention further comprise flowing the fluid along a trough in the tool. Some embodiments include inducing a rotational flow pattern to the exiting fluid. Some embodiments include inducing a helical flow pattern to the exiting fluid.
Other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following discussion.
While the invention will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein like numerals denote identical elements throughout the several views, there is shown in
In a specific embodiment, the exit port 16 and diverting channel 18 may be shaped to induce a circular or rotational flow into a well annulus 20 formed between the well 12 and the service string 10. To accomplish the controlled, predefined flow pattern, the exit port 16 and diverting channel 18 define a flow path that diverts the exiting fluid or slurry along a predetermined path. In a specific embodiment, the tapered region of the diverting channel 18 redirects the flow from the service tool 14 to produce the controlled, predefined flow pattern. In a specific embodiment, as shown for example in
In use, as shown in
Another specific embodiment of the present invention is shown in
Fluids or slurries may be flowed from the surface through the service string 10 into the wellbore 12 and spotted or placed at the desired location in the well 12 through the exit ports 16 of the service tool 14. For example, stimulation or fracturing fluid may be injected into the well 12 via a service string 12 to inject fracturing fluid into perforated gas zones. By use of the present invention in these and other fluid injection scenarios, the fluids or slurries will exit the service tool 14 in a desired flow pattern, thereby extending the life of the service tool 14 in relation to prior service tools.
Although only a few exemplary embodiments of this invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the exemplary embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of this invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims. In the claims, means-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents, but also equivalent structures. Thus, although a nail and a screw may not be structural equivalents in that a nail employs a cylindrical surface to secure wooden parts together, whereas a screw employs a helical surface, in the environment of fastening wooden parts, a nail and a screw may be equivalent structures. It is the express intention of the applicant not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6 for any limitations of any of the claims herein, except for those in which the claim expressly uses the words ‘means for’ together with an associated function.
This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/505,599, filed Sep. 24, 2003, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
1875414 | Burt | Sep 1932 | A |
1994850 | Burt | Mar 1935 | A |
1998833 | Crowell | Apr 1935 | A |
2153034 | Baker | Apr 1939 | A |
2771141 | Lewis | Nov 1956 | A |
3593786 | Lewis | Jul 1971 | A |
5029644 | Szarka et al. | Jul 1991 | A |
5069284 | Gray | Dec 1991 | A |
5249628 | Surjaatmadja | Oct 1993 | A |
5325917 | Szarka | Jul 1994 | A |
5361856 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
5375661 | Daneshy et al. | Dec 1994 | A |
5381862 | Szarka et al. | Jan 1995 | A |
5396957 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Mar 1995 | A |
5484016 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
5494103 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
5499678 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
5533571 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
5636691 | Hendrickson et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
6253853 | George | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6286599 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20050087348 A1 | Apr 2005 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
60505599 | Sep 2003 | US |