Patent Grant
10232489
The present invention relates to tool rests for use with grinders, such as bench and pedestal type grinders, or other tools. More particularly, the present invention relates to the setup platforms or other tool rests, grinders including such platforms or tool rests, and to methods for using them.
Standard tool rests, supplied by manufacturers, for a bench or pedestal grinder are designed for use with abrasive grinding wheels only and intended for rough grinding, sharpening tools, deburring, and smoothing sharp edges. After market tool rests are available, such as those made by Veritas Tools P/N (05M23.01), Grizzly Industrial P/N (G8987), Accu-Finish “Grind-R-Table” by Glendo Corporation P/N (001-696), and Tormek P/N (BGM-100). Such tool rests are generally designed for use with abrasive grinding wheels only and intended for rough grinding, sharpening tools, deburring, and smoothing sharp edges.
Currently available tool rests do not allow for the use of abrasive cutoff wheels. Attempting to use an abrasive cutoff wheel on a bench or pedestal grinder to make a cut of any type can be dangerous when using standard tool rests, e.g., those supplied from the manufacturer or current after-market tool rest suppliers. Attempting to use an abrasive cutoff wheel with the above-mentioned tool rests does not allow for any depth of cut without coming off the tool rest and into the rotating wheel, with loss of support to the object being cut. This can be dangerous, e.g., risking the object being cut to catch and be pulled into the rotating abrasive cutoff wheel, possibly along with the operators' fingers and/or hands, even risking shattering the abrasive cutoff wheel and ejecting broken wheel fragments at very high velocities.
Currently available after market tool rests generally require anchoring to the table top on which the bench or pedestal grinder is mounted and not to the grinder itself. Anchoring a grinder tool rest in this manner allows for possible movement between the tool rest and the grinder, which may cause variation in the setup and/or may result in a much higher error and/or scrap ratio when running production that requires repeatability.
Safety is also a potential problem when a grinder tool rest is anchored to the table top on which the bench or pedestal grinder is mounted. For example, the tool rest can move into or away from the abrasive grinding wheel, which can create a hazardous situation. When movement between the tool rest and the grinder during grinding operations creates a gap between the tool rest and the abrasive grinding wheel, the object being ground may catch and be pulled into the rotating grinding wheel. possibly along with the operator's fingers and/or hands. When movement between the tool rest and the grinder during grinding operations causes the tool rest to make contact with the rotating grinding wheel, the tool rest may catch and be pulled into the rotating grinding wheel, again possibly along with the operator's fingers and/or hands.
When an abrasive grinding wheel wears or otherwise needs to be changed, or a different grit or type of wheel is required, currently available tool rests require that the setup or tool rest position be unfastened and moved out of the way in order to remove and install the new abrasive grinding wheel. This requires the operator to “re-setup” the current operation, which may greatly increase setup time and setup costs, and/or concurrently slow down production time and increase production costs.
Accordingly, tool rests that enhance safety and/or facilitate setup, change-out, and/or other production steps would be useful.
The present application is directed generally to tool rests for use with grinders or other tools, such as bench and pedestal type grinders. More particularly, the present application is directed to setup platforms or other tool rests, which may be mounted to bench and pedestal type grinders or other tools, to grinders including such platforms or tool rests, and to methods for using them.
The setup platform apparatus described herein may overcome one or more of the problems associated with existing tool rests. The apparatus, systems, and methods herein may provide a highly stable setup platform of considerable area that allows safe, accurate, and/or repeatable use of various types of abrasive wheels for cutting and grinding operations, e.g., on bench and pedestal grinders.
The platform may be shaped to fit the profile of the grinder to which it is mounted, e.g., with a plurality of pre-drilled threaded holes about a working surface of the platform. Various profiles, hole configurations, and/or other components of setup platforms may be provided, e.g., having different shapes and/or sizes to correspond to each make, model, and size of grinder for which it is manufactured.
The platform may be mounted to the grinder, e.g., to the grinder housing, and not to the table or pedestal on which the grinder is mounted. This may substantially eliminate movement between the platform and the abrasive wheel, greatly reducing possible variation in the setup, and may provide highly accurate and/or repeatable cutting and grinding operations. Also, by mounting the platform to the grinder, safety problems created by potential movement between the platform and the grinder into or away from an abrasive wheel may be substantially eliminated.
Additional benefits to various embodiments of the apparatus and systems herein may include a unique detachable mounting system that allows removal and reinstallation of the platform without loss of the original setup position accuracy. This may allow the changing of abrasive wheels without unfastening and moving the current setup. This also in turn may consistently reduce setup time and/or speed up production output.
Thus, the apparatus, systems, and methods herein may provide various enhancements over existing tool rests, such as:
1) a setup platform of considerable surface area with features for high precision cuts and grinds with various types of abrasive wheels;
2) a setup platform with features for safe repeatable setups;
3) a setup platform that may allow abrasive wheel changes without loss of the current setup;
4) a setup platform for use in combination with a bench grinder and a pedestal grinder;
5) a setup platform of considerable surface area with a variable profile configuration.
In accordance with one embodiment, a setup platform apparatus is provided for a tool that includes a setup platform including a substantially planar upper surface including a first edge configured to be mounted adjacent the tool, the first edge comprising a slot therein; an elongate member including a first end fixed to the setup platform and a second end extending from a lower surface of the setup platform to define a substantially vertical axis; an anchor bar including a first end configured to be mounted to a portion of the tool to define a substantially horizontal axis orthogonal to the vertical axis, and a second free end configured to receive the second end of the elongate member thereon such that the setup platform is slidable relative to the anchor bar along the horizontal axis. Optionally, one or more fasteners may be provided for securing the elongate member relative to the anchor bar.
In one embodiment, the elongate member may include a first bar clamp, and the one or more fasteners may include a second bar clamp mounted on the first bar clamp such that the first and second bar clamps define a slot therebetween for receiving the first end of the anchor bar. Alternatively, other fasteners may be provided for securing the elongate member relative to the anchor bar, e.g., including a releasable connector, such as a cam-type or other clamping element.
In addition or alternatively, the first end of the anchor bar may include one or more fasteners for securing the first end to a housing of the tool. For example, the tool may be a bench top or pedestal grinder comprising a cutoff wheel, and the first end of the anchor bar may be secured to a wheel guard or other housing of the cutoff wheel. In an exemplary embodiment, the one or more fasteners may include one or more bolts for securing the anchor bar to the grinder housing and/or one or more leveling screws or other fasteners for adjusting the orientation of the anchor bar, e.g., to extend substantially horizontally and/or substantially perpendicular relative to the axis of the abrasive wheel.
Optionally, the apparatus may also include a spark or tool guard, which may be mounted to the grinder or other tool, e.g., to at least partially cover the opening in the wheel guard and/or the abrasive wheel.
In accordance with another embodiment, a method is provided for mounting a setup platform to a bench top or pedestal grinder comprising a cutoff wheel rotatably mounted thereon. A first end of an anchor bar may be mounted to a housing of the grinder adjacent the cutoff wheel such that the anchor bar defines a substantially horizontal axis between the first end and a second free end of the anchor bar. For example, one or more holes may drilled, cut, or otherwise formed through the wheel guard of the grinder, and corresponding bolt(s) may be mounted through the holes and the anchor bar to secure the anchor bar to the wheel guard. Optionally, one or more set screws or other fasteners may also be directed through the anchor bar into or against the wheel guard, e.g., to adjust the orientation of the anchor bar.
A setup platform may be provided that includes a substantially planar upper surface and an elongate member extending from a lower surface of the setup platform. In exemplary embodiments, the upper surface may provide a substantial work area, e.g., greater than the stock tool rest provided with grinders, for example, greater than about sixteen square inches or thirty six square inches (225 cm2). The elongate member may be slid onto the free end of the anchor bar such that the setup platform is directed along the substantially horizontal axis until an inner edge of the setup platform is positioned adjacent the cutoff wheel, and the elongate member may be secured to the anchor bar such that the setup platform is substantially stationary relative to the cutoff wheel. Optionally, the inner edge may include a slot therein and the cutoff wheel may be partially received in the slot when the elongate member is slid onto the anchor bar to position the setup platform adjacent the cutoff wheel. The anchor bar may be oriented substantially horizontally (along its length and/or rotationally) and/or substantially perpendicularly to the wheel axis of the grinder, e.g., to ensure that the upper surface of the setup platform is substantially horizontal and/or the slot is properly aligned with the cutoff wheel.
Optionally, a spark guard may be mounted to the wheel guard of the housing, e.g., to at least partially cover the opening around the cutoff wheel while provided desired clearance around the cutoff wheel. For example, the spark guard may include an “L” shaped bracket including a first panel with a slot therein for receiving the cutoff wheel and a second panel transverse to the first panel. A fastener may be received through the first panel into the wheel guard of the grinder to secure the spark guard, and, when mounted in this manner, the second panel may at least partially cover the axle of the cutoff wheel, e.g., to prevent inadvertent contact with the axle during use.
In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method is provided for mounting a setup platform to a machine tool having a processing wheel, e.g., a cutoff wheel, rotatably mounted thereon. A first end of an anchor bar is mounted to a housing of the tool adjacent the wheel such that the anchor bar extends substantially horizontally between the first end and a second free end of the anchor bar. A setup platform is provided that includes a substantially planar upper surface and an elongate member extending from a lower surface of the setup platform. The elongate member is slid along the anchor bar from the second free end towards the first end of the anchor bar until an inner edge of the setup platform is positioned adjacent the housing and the wheel is received in a slot in the setup platform. The elongate member may then be secured relative to the anchor bar such that the setup platform is substantially stationary relative to the tool.
In accordance with still another embodiment, a system is provided for machining or otherwise processing work pieces that includes a machine tool including a housing and a processing wheel, an anchor member, and a setup platform. The anchor member includes a first end secured to the housing and a second free end extending substantially horizontally from the housing. The setup platform includes a substantially planar upper surface having a slot therein, and a lower surface from which a post extends. The post may be slidably mounted on the anchor member such that the setup platform is directable along the substantially horizontal axis towards the tool until a first edge of the setup platform extends at least partially along the housing of the tool and the wheel is received in the slot. One or more fasteners may be provided for securing the post to the anchor member to thereby secure the setup platform relative to the tool. Optionally, a spark guard may be mounted to the housing of the tool, e.g., the wheel housing to at least partially cover the opening adjacent the processing wheel, e.g., to cover an axle of the processing wheel.
As described elsewhere herein, exemplary embodiments may be provided and various methodologies may be used in order to produce repeatable high precision cuts and grinds with various types of abrasive wheels.
Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from consideration of the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention, in which:
Turning to the drawings,
Generally, the work surface member 60 may be a plate, e.g., having a thickness between about 1/16 to ¼ inch (1.6-6.4 mm), including a substantially planar upper or work surface 60a and a lower surface 60b, e.g., to which the platform base 50 may be attached. In addition, the work surface member 60 includes a plurality of peripheral edges 62a-62d defining the outer edges of the work surface 60a. For example, the work surface member 60 may include an inner or first edge 62a having a desired profile configuration, e.g., corresponding to the profile of a grinder or other tool to which the setup platform 60 is mounted.
As shown, the inner edge 62a includes a curvilinear shape, e.g., a pair of substantially straight edges separated by a curved edge such that the straight edges extend substantially parallel to, but offset from, one another. Alternatively, the inner edge 62a may be substantially straight (not shown) or may have other desired shapes, e.g., corresponding to the portion of a machine tool against which the inner edge 62a is mounted during use. Thus, in this alternative, the upper surface 60a may have a substantially square or rectangular shape. The other edges 62b-62d may have any desired shape, e.g., substantially straight shapes as shown, to provide a generally rectangular work surface 60a other than the offset along the first edge 62a.
In addition, the work surface member 60 may include a cutoff wheel clearance slot 66 of a certain size and length placed at any position needed, for example, extending partially across the width of the work surface member 60 from the inner edge 62a, e.g., having a width between about 1/16 to two includes (1.6-50 mm) and a length extending across the width of the work surface member 60 between about one and ten inches (25-250 mm) or between about three and six inches (75-150 mm). For example, the profile of the inner edge 62a may correspond to the profile of a grinder such that a grinding wheel of the grinder (not shown) may be received within the slot 66 yet have sufficient clearance to operate freely, as described elsewhere herein.
The upper surface 60a may provide a substantial work surface area, e.g., having an overall length, for example, between opposite side edges 62b-62c (as shown in
The platform base 50 may also be a plate including an upper surface 50a attached to the lower surface of the work surface member 60, and a lower surface 50b to which the post 14 may be attached. If the holes 64 extend completely through the work surface member 60, optionally corresponding holes (not shown) may be provided into or through the platform base 50, e.g., where they underlie corresponding holes 64. The platform base 50 may have a thickness greater than the work surface member 60, e.g., to enhance the rigidity of the work surface member 60 and/or enhance attachment of the post 14 relative to the work surface member 60. Alternatively, the platform base 50 may be omitted and the post 14 attached directly to the lower surface 60b of the work surface member 60, if desired.
In the embodiment shown in
Each bar clamp may include a plurality of holes 36, 46 therethrough, e.g., of a desired type (e.g., threaded or unthreaded) and/or size placed at any position, e.g., adjacent the lower ends 30b, 40b to accept corresponding bar clamp clamping fasteners 70. For example, the fasteners 70 may be bolts or screws that pass through an unthreaded hole in one bar clamp and then into a threaded hole in the other bar clamp to allow the bar clamps 30, 40 to be secured together. Alternatively, both holes may be threaded or both may be unthreaded and the fasteners 70 may pass freely through the holes and be secured by nuts or other mating fasteners (not shown). In a further alternative, a cam-type or other clamping element (not shown) may be provided to releasably secure the bar clamps 30, 40 (or other embodiment of the post 14) relative to the anchor bar 20.
Alternatively, the bar clamps 30, 40 may be attached to the platform base 50 such that a relatively small gap is provided between the bar clamps 30, 40, e.g., at the lower ends 30b, 40b in addition to or instead of the offset surfaces 34, 44. In this manner, the width of the aperture defined by the slots 32, 42 may be adjusted, e.g., to initially provide clearance to allow the anchor bar 20 to be freely received therein, and then be compressed or otherwise clamped when the fasteners 70 are tightened to engage the anchor bar 20 between the bar clamps 30, 40. In an alternative embodiment, only one of the bar clamps may be attached or otherwise fixed to the platform base 50 and the other bar clamp may be removably or adjustably coupled to the fixed bar clamp, e.g., by one or more fasteners (not shown).
In a further alternative, a single bar clamp (not shown) may be attached to the platform base 50 that includes a slot or opening in the lower end sized to receive the anchor bar 20, and another bar clamp or cover may be provided that may be attached over the slot, and one or more fasteners 70 may be extended through the cover and bar clamp, thereby engaging the anchor bar 20 therebetween. Thus, in any of these embodiments, the aperture defined by the slots 32, 42 (or a single slot in one of the bar clamps) may initially provide clearance for the anchor bar 20 and then compressed or clamped to engage the anchor bar 20. The slots 32, 42 (or other opening through the post 14) may have a shape corresponding to the cross-section of the anchor bar 20, e.g., a square or other rectangular shape, oval, hexagonal, octagonal, other polygonal shape that may limit the orientation of the anchor bar 20 being inserted into the slots 32, 42, or a circular shape (not shown), as desired.
The setup platform 12 and anchor bar 20 (as well as any fasteners) may be formed from a variety of materials having desired properties, e.g., rigidity, durability, and the like, for use as setup platform for a grinder or other tool. In exemplary embodiments, the work surface member 60, platform base 50, bar clamps 30, 40, and/or anchor bar 20 may be formed from metals, such as cold rolled steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and the like, plastic, or composite materials. The components may be formed by machining, casting, forging, molding, extruding, and the like.
The work surface member 60, platform base 50, and bar clamps 30, 40 may be substantially permanently attached to one another, e.g., by welding, soldering, riveting, bonding with adhesive, and the like, and/or one or more components may be integrally formed together, e.g., by machining, forging, casting, extruding, and the like. Alternatively, the components may be removably attached to one another, e.g., by one or more fasteners, such as one or more bolts, screws, and the like (not shown).
For example, with additional reference to
In this manner, the setup platform 12 may accommodate different horizontal spacing of the work surface member 60 needed for different size or shape tools. Alternatively, the platform base 50 may be substantially permanently mounted to or integrally formed with the setup platform 60, e.g., attached together by welding, bonding with epoxy or other adhesive, fasteners, such as bolts, rivets, or screws, and/or other methods. In this alternative, different models of combinations of work surface members 60 and platform bases 50 may be provided to accommodate different size and/or shape tools.
Similarly, the bar clamps 30, 40 may be substantially permanently or removably attached to the platform base 50, e.g., by welding, bonding with epoxy or other adhesive, fasteners, such as bolts, rivets, or screws, and/or other methods. Alternatively, the platform base 50 and post 14 may be integrally formed as a single piece, e.g., by machining, forging, casting, extruding, and the like. For example, one end of a first bar clamp may be substantially permanently attached to or received in a recess in a lower surface 50b of the platform base 50, and the other bar clamp may be removably mounted to a side surface of the first bar clamp. Alternatively, both bar clamps 30, 40 may be substantially permanently or removably attached to the lower surface 50b of the platform base 50.
Returning to
The anchor bar 20 generally includes a first mounting end 20a including a plurality of holes, e.g., squareness adjusting holes 22 and mounting holes 24, for receiving corresponding screws, bolts, or other fasteners (not shown), and a second free end 20b over which the setup platform 12 may be received. For example, the mounting holes 24 may be relatively large compared to the squareness adjusting holes 22, e.g., sized to receive bolts (not shown) that may be inserted through the mounting holes 24 into corresponding holes (not shown) in the wheel housing of a grinder or other tool (not shown). Set screws (also not shown), as described elsewhere herein.
Turning to
In this embodiment, a post 130 may be provided that includes a first or upper end 130a and a second or lower end 130b, generally similar to the previous embodiments. However, the lower end 130b may include a recess or groove 132 that may be engaged with the anchor bar 120 and one or more holes or slots 136 (one shown) that may receive one or more respective fasteners 128 (one shown). For example, the recess 132 may define a lip that may be placed on the anchor bar 120 and slid along the anchor bar 120, although alternatively, the recess 132 may be omitted, and the lower end 130b of the post 130 may simply be aligned and lapped on the anchor bar 120 (not shown). Thus, the lower end 130b of the post 130 may be positioned on the anchor bar 120 at a desired location between the first and second ends 120a, 120b and the holes 126, 136 aligned such that fastener(s) 128 may be received therethrough to secure the post 130 at the desired location. In this embodiment, the post 130 may be positioned at one or more discrete locations based on the arrangement of openings 126 provided on the anchor bar 120. Optionally, one or more of the holes 126 or 136 may be an elongate slot, e.g., to allow fine adjustment of the post 130 relative to the anchor bar 120, e.g., at positions between the set spacing of the holes 126 in the anchor bar 120.
Although not shown in
Alternatively, a work surface member may be removably and/or adjustably mounted to the upper end 130a of the post 130. For example, one or more slots or other openings (not shown) may be provided in the horizontal mounting surface 138 of the post 130 for receiving respective bolts or other fasteners from the work surface member (also not shown). The slot(s) may allow the work surface member to be adjusted relative to a grinder or other tool to which the anchor bar 120 is mounted. For example, with the post 130 mounted on the anchor bar 120 the slot(s) may allow the work surface member to be adjusted laterally (e.g., left or right) relative to the grinder or tool (not shown), e.g., to align a grinder or wheel within a wheel slot of the work surface member. Optionally, the slot(s) may also allow further lateral adjustment of the work surface member as the grinder wheel wears, e.g., to maintain desired spacing and/or other tolerances between the grinder wheel and a wheel slot in the work surface member.
Turning to
Initially, the anchor bar 20 may be mounted to the housing of the grinder G, e.g., to provide a substantially horizontal mounting axis “H” for the setup platform 12. In an exemplary embodiment, the first end 20a of the anchor bar 20 may be attached to the outside of the wheel guard WG facing the grinder motor housing M of the grinder G, e.g., by inserting fasteners (not shown) through mounting holes 24 into the wheel guard WG, as best seen in
The setup platform 12 may then be removably mounted relative to the grinder G, e.g., mounted relative to the cutoff wheel CW, such that the upper work surface 60a of the work surface member 60 is positioned in front of and/or around the cutoff wheel CW. Thus, one or more work pieces (not shown) may be cut or otherwise processed using the cutoff wheel CW with the support of the work surface 60a and/or or one or more accessories (not shown) mounted to the work surface 60a.
For example, with the bar clamps 30, 40 loose (to increase the width of the aperture defined by the slots 32, 42), the free end of the anchor bar 20 may be inserted through the slots 32, 42, and the setup platform 12 may be slid onto the anchor bar 20 along the substantially horizontal axis “H” of the anchor bar 20 towards the grinder G and the cutoff wheel CW. As the setup platform 12 is advanced towards the grinder G, the cutoff wheel CW may be inserted into the wheel slot 66. As shown in
The bar clamps 30, 40 may then be tightened together by fastener(s) 70 received through corresponding holes 36, 46 such that the material adjacent the slots 32, 42 compresses around the anchor bar 20, e.g., due to shorter offset surfaces 34, 44 as shown in
The resulting assembly may provide a safe and/or substantial platform area that is extremely accurate, consistently repeatable, highly stable, and very easy to use. For example, after the cutoff wheel CW has been used to perform desired actions on one or more work pieces, the cutoff wheel CW may become worn and need to be replaced with a new cutoff wheel. To accomplish this change-out, the fastener(s) 70 may be loosened, and the setup platform 12 slid horizontally away from the grinder G and off the anchor bar 20. The cutoff wheel CW may then be exchanged freely without any interference from the setup platform 12. The setup platform 12 may then be secured again to the anchor bar 20 and grinder G, as described previously, in substantially the same arrangement.
Turning to
In this embodiment, the abrasive grinding wheel slot 266 may be reconfigured as needed and placed in any position needed to accept any size abrasive grinding wheel that will fit the specific make, model, and/or size bench or pedestal grinder for which it has been manufactured. For example, the work surface member 260 may include an adjustable plate or panel (not shown) adjacent the grinding wheel slot 266 that may be slid and fixed in one or more positions, e.g., thereby reducing the width of the slot 266, as desired.
Turning to
When mounted in this manner, the first panel 82 may cover an upper portion of the opening in the wheel guard WG, e.g., with the cutoff wheel CW or other processing wheel, receiving with the slot 86 with sufficient clearance to allow free rotation. The second panel 84 may at least partially cover a lower portion of the opening in the wheel guard WG, e.g., to cover the axle (not shown) of the cutoff wheel CW, e.g., to prevent inadvertent contact with the axle during use. Thus, the spark guard may protect the user and/or reduce the risk of tools, work pieces, or other objects from entering the opening of the wheel guard WG and/or contacting the axle of the cutoff wheel CW, which may damage the object and/or injure the user.
In an alternative embodiment, a platform apparatus may be provided that includes a setup platform that is mounted substantially vertically on an anchor bar (not shown), e.g., for mounting the setup platform relative to a grinder or other tool. Unlike the previous embodiments, the anchor bar has a vertical opening therethrough, and the setup platform includes a shaft extending substantially vertically or substantially perpendicular from the setup platform. The free end of the shaft may be received in the opening in the anchor bar, and a clamp or other feature may be used to secure the shaft relative to the anchor bar. Thus, in this embodiment, the setup platform may be mounted and removed substantially vertically relative to the grinder rather than substantially horizontally. One disadvantage of this embodiment is that the wheel guard of the grinder may interfere with mounting and removing the setup platform, e.g., if the wheel guard cowls over the grinding wheel. In this situation, a portion of the wheel guard may be removed to accommodate mounting and removing the setup platform.
The spirit of the present invention provides a breadth of scope that includes all methods of making and using it and all applications of abrasive cutoff wheels and grinding wheels on bench and pedestal grinders. Any variations on the theme and methodology of accomplishing the same that are not described herein would be considered under the scope of the present invention.
While the invention is susceptible to various modifications, and alternative forms, specific examples thereof have been shown in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the particular forms or methods disclosed, but to the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the scope of the appended claims.
This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending International Application No. PCT/US2013/065717, filed Oct. 18, 2013, which claims benefit of provisional application Ser. No. 61/716,438, filed Oct. 19, 2012, the entire disclosures of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 844109 | Famous | Feb 1907 | A |
| 925610 | Sylvestre | Jun 1909 | A |
| 1081465 | Pribnow | Dec 1913 | A |
| 1430426 | Zongaro | Sep 1922 | A |
| 2157241 | Manning | May 1939 | A |
| 2176726 | Shepherd | Oct 1939 | A |
| 2374716 | Wiken | May 1945 | A |
| 2415676 | Duckwitz | Feb 1947 | A |
| 2465399 | Robinson | Mar 1949 | A |
| 2814913 | Witt | Dec 1957 | A |
| 3566550 | Piccinno | Mar 1971 | A |
| 4574530 | Handler et al. | Mar 1986 | A |
| 5337522 | Chien | Aug 1994 | A |
| D363296 | Madill | Oct 1995 | S |
| 5525095 | Baughman | Jun 1996 | A |
| 6585578 | Lin | Jul 2003 | B2 |
| 6722968 | Rizzo et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 7779736 | Liu et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| D627803 | Jebb | Nov 2010 | S |
| 7905223 | von Siegroth et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7950317 | Parks et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
| 9114502 | Brooks | Aug 2015 | B2 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20140227947 A1 | Aug 2014 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61716438 | Oct 2012 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/US2013/065717 | Oct 2013 | US |
| Child | 14256984 | US |
