This application is a U.S. National Phase application of International Application No. PCT/JP2018/028243, filed on Jul. 27, 2018. The entire disclosure of the above application is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
The present invention relates to a shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag used, for example, for improving soft ground.
Soft ground containing a large amount of water or liquefiable ground has conventionally required to undergo a construction method for improving the surface layer, such as a sheet construction method, or reinforcement in the deep layer using piles, for example. When such surface layer improvement is adopted, however, subsidence occurs due to the deformation of the sheet if the weak stratum has a large depth. On the other hand, the deep layer construction method such as piling requires special heavy machines. This causes the problem of increased cost in addition to imposing limitations on use conditions. Moreover, before proceeding with the construction work, a makeshift road, or the like, bearable with a load applied from the above also needs to be constructed in advance in order to ensure a work environment in which the heavy machines can be used.
As a measure against such soft ground, the inventors have devised a “modern version of high-standard sandbag” that packs soil and sand in a water-permeable bag including an internal restriction tool and have established a technique for achieving a remarkable load bearing capability and the shortening of the construction period (for example, see Japanese Patent No. 3949156).
Stacking a large number of such conventional flat rectangular parallelepiped bags 201, however, requires a large workload, and is a complicated procedure. If a rectangular parallelepiped bag that has a large height were to be produced in order to solve such a problem, the condition would change significantly.
Specifically, the effective range of the internal restriction of the bag in a height direction thereof is approximately equal to a height near the apex of a truss structure formed by the internal restriction tool 210.
The present invention has been made in light of the foregoing problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rectangular parallelepiped bag that is less likely to tear despite its small aspect ratio and large height, can compact soil particles by stages in its height direction, has a stable strength even when the bag has a large height as in a case where the bag has a ratio between a height and a width of the bag exceeding 1:1, for example, and is less likely to be deformed when lifted upwardly in the vertical direction.
(1) The present invention provides a shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag including: a rectangular parallelepiped bag that is a generally rectangular parallelepiped-shaped bag having an internal space to accommodate an accommodated object; a bottom surface holding mechanism configured to hold a bottom surface by application of a tensile force thereto; a side surface holding mechanism configured to hold a side surface by application of a tensile force thereto; a central hanging body configured to extend in a vertical direction with one end thereof being fixed to a center of the bottom surface of the rectangular parallelepiped bag and hold the bottom surface holding mechanism and the side surface holding mechanism at intermediate positions in the vertical direction; and a ring-shaped hook holding portion connected to the other end of the central hanging body, to which a hook is to be attached.
According to the invention described in the aforementioned (1), the rectangular parallelepiped bag that accommodates the accommodated objects such as soil and sand or crushed stones includes both the bottom surface holding mechanism configured to hold the bottom surface by the application of the tensile force thereto and the side surface holding mechanism configured to hold the side surface by the application of the tensile force thereto. This provides an advantageous effect that the extent over which the accommodated objects are compacted is increased in the vertical direction, and thus a rectangular parallelepiped bag less likely to be deformed and having a small aspect ratio (small oblateness) and a large height can be formed.
(2) The present invention provides the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag according to the aforementioned (1) in which: the bottom surface holding mechanism includes at least four hanging bodies with one ends thereof being fixed at positions spaced apart from the center of the bottom surface by a predetermined distance on diagonal lines connecting between opposed apexes of the bottom surface, and the other ends thereof being fixed to the central hanging body; the side surface holding mechanism includes a plurality of side surface restriction bodies that have horizontal components of vectors extending in directions different from those of the hanging bodies as viewed downwardly in the vertical direction from a top surface with one ends of the side surface restriction bodies being fixed to the side surfaces; and the other ends of the side surface restriction bodies are connected in between a hanging body connected portion to which the other ends of the hanging bodies and the central hanging body are connected, and the other end of the central hanging body.
Specifically, the present invention provides the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag according to the aforementioned (1) in which: the bottom surface holding mechanism includes at least four hanging bodies with one ends thereof being fixed at positions spaced apart from the center of the bottom surface by a predetermined distance on diagonal lines connecting between opposed apexes of the bottom surface, and the other ends thereof being fixed to the central hanging body; the side surface holding mechanism includes side surface restriction bodies fixed to the hanging bodies in a state of being rotated, for example, by 45° from the bottom surface holding mechanism as viewed downwardly in the vertical direction from the top surface, with one ends of the side surface restriction bodies being fixed to the four side surfaces, respectively; and the other ends of the side surface restriction bodies are connected in between a hanging body connected portion to which the other ends of the hanging bodies and the central hanging body are connected, and the other end of the central hanging body.
According to the invention described in the aforementioned (2), the tensile forces of the hanging bodies that constitute the bottom surface holding mechanism and the tensile forces of the side surface restriction bodies that constitute the side surface holding mechanism have horizontal components of vectors different from one another in the direction parallel to the bottom surface. This provides an advantageous effect that the directions of the forces received from the side surfaces by the accommodated objects interfere with one another, and the entire accommodated objects are thereby compacted.
(3) The present invention provides the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag according to (2) described above in which the side surface holding mechanism includes at least four side surface restriction bodies with one ends thereof being fixed at positions spaced apart from the bottom surface by a predetermined distance on perpendicular bisectors of respective sides corresponding to lines of intersection between the side surfaces and the bottom surface.
According to the invention described in aforementioned (3), the directions of the tensile forces of the side surface restriction bodies that constitute the side surface holding mechanism, and the directions of the tensile forces of the hanging bodies that constitute the bottom surface holding mechanism can be changed to the largest degree. This provides an advantageous effect that the directions of the forces received from the side surfaces by the accommodated objects are dispersed, and thus the force to compact the accommodated objects is easily applied in the most uniform manner.
(4) The present invention provides the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag according to any one of (1) to (3) described above in which a plurality of mechanisms for compacting an accommodated object, each including the bottom surface holding mechanism and the side surface holding mechanism in this order from the bottom surface, are provided in the vertical direction.
According to the invention described in the above-mentioned (4), there is obtained an advantageous effect that a rectangular parallelepiped bag less likely to be deformed and having a small aspect ratio and a large height can be formed.
(5) The present invention provides the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag according to any one of (1) to (4) described above in which a distance between a side surface restriction body fixing plane including a side surface restriction body fixing portion on the side surface to which the one end of the side surface restriction body is fixed and parallel to the bottom surface and a side surface restriction body connected plane including the side surface restriction body connected portion at which the other end of the side surface restriction body is connected to the central hanging body and parallel to the bottom surface is smaller than or equal to 5% of a height.
As the side surface restriction bodies that exert the tensile forces on the side surfaces are oriented closer to positions perpendicular to the side surfaces, the force to compact the accommodated objects is more likely to be applied uniformly. As the result, the accommodated objects are more likely to be compacted uniformly. According to the invention described in the above-mentioned (5), the side surface restriction bodies are stretched so as to be almost perpendicular to the side surfaces. This provides an advantageous effect that the force to compact the accommodated objects is more likely to be applied uniformly, and thus the rectangular parallelepiped bag less likely to be deformed as a whole can be formed.
(6) The present invention provides the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag according to any one of (1) to (5) described above in which positions at which the one ends of the hanging bodies are fixed to the bottom surface are in between the center of the bottom surface and the respective apexes.
According to the invention described in the above-mentioned (6), the hanging bodies that constitute the bottom surface holding mechanism are fixed in between the apexes of the bottom surface and the center of the bottom surface. This provides an advantageous effect that the accommodated objects at the bottom, where the vertical soil pressure is largest, are compressed toward a central portion, and thus compaction can be done efficiently. Moreover, there is obtained an advantageous effect that the quick solidification of the accommodated objects at the bottom reduces force applied to the cloth portion of the bottom surface and the sewn portions of the respective members, and thus the cloth that constitutes the bag becomes less likely to tear.
(7) The present invention provides the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag according to any one of (1) to (6) described above in which the height is ⅓ or more of a length of a side of the bottom surface.
According to the invention described in the above-mentioned (7), a rectangular parallelepiped bag that has a large height can be formed. This provides an advantageous effect that the number of steps needed if the rectangular parallelepiped bags are to be stacked high in layers can be reduced, and thus the construction work can be completed earlier.
The shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bags described in the aforementioned (1) to (7) of the present invention can provide an advantageous effect that a rectangular parallelepiped bag less likely to be deformed and having a smaller aspect ratio and a larger height than the conventional techniques can be formed.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 includes an internal restriction tool 13 that holds a bottom portion holding mechanism 50 and a side surface holding mechanism 70. Specifically, the internal restriction tool 13 includes a central hanging body 15. The central hanging body 15 extends in a vertical direction with one end thereof being fixed to the center of a bottom surface of the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1, and also holds the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 and the side surface holding mechanism 70 (see
The internal restriction tool 13 further includes a ring-shaped hook holding portion 10 connected to the other end of the central hanging body 15, to which a hook used in hoisting is to be attached.
The bottom surface holding mechanism 50 includes four hanging bodies 20 with one ends thereof being fixed at positions spaced apart from the center of the bottom surface by a predetermined distance on diagonal lines connecting between opposed apexes of the bottom surface, and the other ends thereof being fixed to the central hanging body 15. Specifically, the one ends of the hanging bodies 20 are fixed to the bottom surface 36 at positions in between the center of the bottom surface 36 and the respective apexes, and the hanging bodies 20 form what is called a truss structure when hoisted.
The side surface holding mechanism 60 includes four side surface restriction bodies 17 with one ends thereof being fixed at positions spaced apart from the bottom surface 36 by a predetermined distance on perpendicular bisectors of respective sides corresponding to lines of intersection between side surfaces 38 and the bottom surface 36, and the other ends thereof being connected in between a hanging body connected portion 28 (see
When the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 is viewed downwardly in the vertical direction (downwardly in the Z direction) from a top surface 40 (see
Cover portions 5 are connected to the top surface of the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1. A pair of opposed cover portions 5 is configured to include openings 7 so that the hook holding portion 10 extending from the central hanging body 15 protrudes therethrough to the outside of the rectangular parallelepiped bag.
Note that a height H of the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 is preferably ⅓ or more of a length W of the side of the bottom surface 36.
Specifically, when the central hanging body 15 is pulled upwardly in the vertical direction (upwardly in the Z direction) with a force F0, tensile forces F1 are applied to a piece of cloth constituting the bottom surface 36 through the hanging bodies 20. In addition, tensile forces F2 are applied to pieces of cloth constituting the side surfaces 38 through the side surface restriction bodies 17.
Specifically, accommodated objects in the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 are compacted by a mechanism 70 for compacting accommodated objects, i.e., the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 and the side surface holding mechanism 60.
In the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 that accommodates the accommodated objects 80 such as soil and sand or crushed stones includes both the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 configured to hold the bottom surface 36 by the application of tensile forces thereto and the side surface holding mechanism 60 configured to hold the side surfaces 38 by the application of tensile forces thereto. This provides an advantageous effect that the extent over which the accommodated objects 80 are compacted is increased in the vertical direction, and thus a rectangular parallelepiped bag less likely to be deformed and having a small aspect ratio (small oblateness) and a large height can be formed.
In the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the tensile forces of the hanging bodies 20 that constitute the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 and the tensile forces of the side surface restriction bodies 17 that constitute the side surface holding mechanism 60 have horizontal components of vectors different from one another in the direction parallel to the bottom surface 36. This provides an advantageous effect that the directions of the forces received from the side surfaces 38 by the accommodated objects 80 interfere with one another, and thus force to compact the entire accommodated objects 80 is more likely to be applied uniformly.
In the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the directions of the tensile forces of the side surface restriction bodies 17 that constitute the side surface holding mechanism 60, and the directions of the tensile forces of the hanging bodies 20 that constitute the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 can be changed to the largest degree. This provides an advantageous effect that the directions of the forces received from the side surfaces 38 by the accommodated objects 80 are dispersed, and thus the force to compact the accommodated objects 80 is easily applied in the most uniform manner.
As the side surface restriction bodies 17 that exert the tensile forces on the side surfaces 38 are oriented closer to positions perpendicular to the side surfaces 38, the force to compact the entire accommodated objects 80 is more likely to be applied uniformly. As the result, the accommodated objects 80 are more likely to be compacted uniformly. In the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the side surface restriction bodies 17 are stretched so as to be almost perpendicular to the side surfaces 38. This provides an advantageous effect that the force to compact the accommodated objects 80 is more likely to be applied uniformly, and thus the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 less likely to be deformed as a whole can be formed.
In the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the hanging bodies 20 that constitute the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 are fixed in between the apexes of the bottom surface 36 and the center of the bottom surface 36. This provides an advantageous effect that the accommodated objects 80 at the bottom, where the vertical soil pressure is largest, are compressed toward a central portion, and thus compaction can be done efficiently. Moreover, there is obtained an advantageous effect that the quick solidification of the accommodated objects 80 at the bottom reduces force applied to the cloth portion of the bottom surface and the sewn portions of the respective members, and thus the cloth that constitutes the bag becomes less likely to tear.
In the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a rectangular parallelepiped bag that has a large height can be formed. This provides an advantageous effect that the number of steps needed if the rectangular parallelepiped bags are to be stacked high in layers can be reduced, and thus the construction work can be completed earlier.
Hanging bodies 20 that form a truss structure, corresponding to the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 included in the mechanism 70 for compacting accommodated objects on the upper side in the vertical direction are fixed to intermediate positions along sides extending vertically from the respective apexes of the bottom surface 30, i.e., vertical edges. That is, hanging body fixing portions 30 are provided at the intermediate positions along the sides extending vertically from the respective apexes of the bottom surface 30, i.e., the vertical edges.
Providing the plurality of mechanisms 70 for compacting accommodated objects enables force to compact accommodated objects 80 to be easily applied uniformly over a wide area in the vertical direction. Consequently, a rectangular parallelepiped bag less likely to tear and having a large height can be formed. Although
The shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention can provide an advantageous effect that a rectangular parallelepiped bag less likely to be deformed and having a small aspect ratio and a large height can be formed.
A method of utilizing the rectangular parallelepiped bags according to the above-described embodiments will be described next.
In contrast,
Furthermore, wrapping and tightly enclosing soil and sand or crushed stones in the rectangular parallelepiped bag 1 enables a sufficient strength to be obtained without using an adhesive material such as cement. This can eliminate worries about soil contamination due to alkali or hexavalent chromium. At the same time, very small stretchability of the bag itself allows the energy of traffic vibration or seismic shake to be dissipated as frictional energy among the soil particles, i.e., the accommodated objects, packed therein. Therefore, there is obtained an advantageous effect of reducing vibration.
Note that the shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bags according to the present invention are not limited to those of the above-described embodiments. It is apparent that various modifications can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, although a total of four hanging bodies 20 that are included in the bottom surface holding mechanism 50 and form a truss structure are provided along the diagonal lines of the bottom surface 36 (one for each) in the above-described embodiment (see
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2018/028243 | 7/27/2018 | WO |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2020/021703 | 1/3/2020 | WO | A |
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H11-334786 | Dec 1999 | JP |
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2002-327417 | Nov 2002 | JP |
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2008156815 | Jul 2008 | JP |
2009-046911 | Mar 2009 | JP |
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2015-29932 | Aug 2015 | TW |
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Machine translation of JP-2008156815-A. |
Supplementary European Search Report issued for corresponding European Application No. 18927610; dated Jun. 11, 2021 (total 4 pages). |
International Search Report (English and Japanese) of the International Searching Authority issued in PCT/JP2018/028243, dated Oct. 16, 2018; ISA/JP (5 pages). |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20210310208 A1 | Oct 2021 | US |